tympann.

Brit.

/ˈtɪmpən/, U.S.

/ˈtɪmpən/, Irish English

/ˈtɪmpən/

Forms: Also Old English timpana, Middle English–1600s timpane, timpan (also 1800s in sense 1b), Middle English–1700s tympane, (1500s tymphan, timphan).

Etymology: < Latin tympanum, tympanum n., or < Old French tympan, timpan (12th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter; modern French tympan, = Portuguese tympano, Spanish timpano, Italian timpano, in various senses). Compare Old High German timpana, Old Icelandic timpan. In Old English and early Middle English only in renderings of Biblical passages.

a. A drum or similar instrument, as a timbrel or tambourine. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > percussion instrument > drum > [noun]

tympanc825

taborc1290

taborna1340

tambour1484

drumslade1527

drum?1534

tympany1534

tympanum1675

skin1929

c825 Vesp. Psalter lxvii. 26 In midle iungra plægiendra timpanan.

c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xlvi. 346 Lofiað God mid tympanan, ond on choro.

c1000 Ælfric Genesis xxxi. 27 Mid lofsangum, & mid timpanum, & mid hearpum.

a1300 E.E. Psalter cxlix. 3 In timpan and sautre to him singe þai.

a1300 E.E. Psalter cl. 4 Loves him in crouth and timpane.

1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 7128 As þe bras, And as þe tympan, þat bete was.

c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 283 Þese ben þe propre signes of tympanites: his wombe & þe regioun of his stomac schulen oonly be to-swolle, & alle his oþere lymes..wolen bicome smal, & if þou smitist him vpon his wombe, it wole soune as it were a tympan.

1413 Pilgr. Sowle (1483) v. viii. 99 Dauyd ordeyned..instrumentes..organs and harpes, Symbals and sawtryes, Kroudes and tympans, Trompettes and tabours.

1503 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 392 Item..ane pair of tympanes to the King xxiiij s.

1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. xli. 128 They vse not to sound a trumpet, but a Timpane.

a1682 Sir T. Browne Certain Misc. Tracts (1684) vi. 122 Bacchus gave the signal of Battel..not with Trumpets but with Tympans and Cymbals.

b. [ < Irish tiompan.] An ancient Irish stringed instrument played with a bow.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > other bowable instruments

monochorda1450

tympan?a1475

rebab1671

ravanastron1788

vihuela1832

sarinda1851

sarod1867

arpeggione1879

quinton1889

surbahar1896

dilruba1921

esraj1921

spike-fiddle1940

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 355 Men of Irlonde be experte specially in ij. kyndes of musike,..an harpe, and a tympan [L. tympano] stryngede and armede with cordes of brasse.

1862 E. O'Curry Lect. Anc. Irish (1873) III. xxxvi. 362 The poem affords another proof that the Timpan was a stringed instrument; and..shows that it was..played on with a wand and hair, words that plainly enough describe a fiddle-bow.

1891 W. B. Yeats Countess Kathleen in Poems (1908) 10 I thought I heard far off tympans and harps.

†2.

a. = tympanites n., tympany n. 1. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of abdomen or diaphragm > [noun] > distension

tympanites1398

tympany1528

tympan1530

wind-dropsy1607

meteorismus1791

tympanitis1797

meteorism1843

meteorization1857

tympanicity1899

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 281/2 Tympan a dysease in the bely, enfleure.

†b. transferred. (See quot. 1555) Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. x. f. 142 The smaulest [pearls] differ from the byggest in a certayne swellynge or impostumation whiche the Spaniardes caule a tympane.

†3. = tympanum n. 2. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > sense organ > hearing organ > parts of hearing organ > [noun] > ear-drum

tympan1549

tabor1594

drum1615

tympanum1619

meninx1630

eardrum1708

middle ear1808

1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. James i. f. xviii The worde of the Gospell..knocketh in vayne at the tympane of the ears, onles it light depe in to the inwarde partes of the harte.

1639 J. S. Clidamas 24 If what I speake may befit the tender tympane of a Ladyes eare.

1688 Bp. G. Burnet Three Lett. State of Italy 181 The violent noise..weakened the Tympan of his Ear.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Tympan,..the Drum of the Ear.

4. An appliance in a printing-press, interposed between the platen or impression-cylinder and the sheet to be printed, in order to soften and equalize the pressure; in a hand press consisting of two frames ( outer tympan and inner tympan) with sheets of parchment or strong linen stretched upon them, and enclosing a packing either of blanket, rubber, or other soft substance, or sheets of paper, cardboard, cloth, or other harder material, according to the nature of the work to be printed.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > printing machine or press > parts of printers or presses > [noun] > tympan

tympan1580

drawer1837

1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Le Chassis, the tympane of a Printers presse.

1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course ii. f. 22 Placing the leafe that is to be printed, on a double tympan or parchmin.

1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 54 The Tympan is a square Frame.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Printing On the Front of the Coffin are three Frames.., viz. the two Tympans and Frisket.

1824 J. Johnson Typographia II. xv. 529 The tympans are covered with vellum, forrels, or parchment.

1869 W. B. in Eng. Mech. 24 Dec. 362/1 Make a tympan of thick cardboard.

1880 Printing Times Mar. 63/1 Too much packing in a tympan is a great and common fault.

1885 C. G. W. Lock Workshop Receipts 4th Ser. 404/1 A sheet of smooth card..should be laid over the picture before the leather tympan is closed down upon it.

5. Architecture. = tympanum n. 3.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > arch > [noun] > parts of

coin1350

pendant1359

voussoir1359

springer1435

spandrel1477

spring?1553

pitch1615

kneeler1617

gimmalsa1652

face1664

of the third point1672

turn1677

sweep1685

hance1700

skew-back1700

summering1700

springing1703

tympan1704

hip1726

reins1726

rib1726

third point1728

quoin1730

archivolt1731

opening1739

soffit1739

shoulder1744

extrados1772

intrados1772

haunch1793

arch-stone1828

twist1840

coign1843

architrave1849

escoinçon1867

pulvino1907

pin1928

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > column > [noun] > pediment > face of

tympanuma1684

tympan1767

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Tympan of an Arch, is a triangular Table placed in its Corners.

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Tympan, is also attributed to the Pannels of Doors..and to the Dye or Square of Pedestals.

1767 A. C. Ducarel Anglo-Norm. Antiq. 88 Within the Tympan or panel of the pediment is a basso relievo.

1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Timpan, tympany, the middle part of the front of a house, raised above the level of the rest of the wall, resembling a gable... This is also called a Tympany gavel.

1893 E. H. Barker Wanderings by S. Waters 89 The composition, which fills the tympan of the scarcely-pointed arch, represents Christ surrounded by the twelve Apostles.

6. = tympanum n. 4b.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > lifting or hoisting equipment > [noun] > for raising water > wheel for raising water

waterwheel1591

Persian wheel1649

sakia1687

noria1696

Egyptian wheel1793

bucket-wheel1797

tabut1836

pot-wheel1852

tympan1858

irrigation-wheel1864

spider-wheel1868

tympanum1875

1858 D. Lardner Hand-bk. Nat. Philos.: Hydrostatics, Pneumatics, & Heat (new ed.) 123 The tympan.—A form of wheel, which has received this name, is also used in France for irrigation.

7. A tense membrane or thin plate in any mechanical apparatus, e.g. in a phonograph.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > other parts > [noun] > plates

pressure plate1845

throat plate1857

tympan1883

pin plate1893

1883 H. Greer Dict. Electr. 170 This [carbon] lozenge is pressed gently by a tympan.

1900 Daily News 17 Nov. 6/3 The vibrating plate or tympan had not force enough to imprint the feeble sounds on the wax of the cylinder, and form a good record.

1900 Daily News 17 Nov. 6/3 This varying current in passing through the telephone..makes the iron plate or tympan vibrate and give out..a fairly correct imitation of the speaker's voice.

Compounds

attributive (in sense 4), as tympan-cloth, tympan-frame; tympan-sheet n. a sheet of paper, etc. laid on or fixed in the tympan, originally as a guide for placing the sheets to be printed.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > paper > [noun] > paper used as position guide

tympan-sheet1683

lay-edge1892

lay1915

1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 300 He takes a Sheet of Paper..for a Tympan-sheet.

1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 338 This Tympan-cloath is a Fine and even Linnen Cloath.

1770 P. Luckombe Conc. Hist. Printing 345 The Tympan sheet..is only as a standing mark to lay all the other sheets exactly even upon.

1841 T. C. Hansard Treat. Printing & Type-founding 109 They now choose their points, which are thin iron arms, having a short point projecting from the end, and made to screw on to the tympan-frame.

1909 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Tympan,..3. Printing Presses,..in hand presses the tympan is double and consists of two sheets, usually of parchment, stretched on the tympan frame.

Derivatives

† ˈtympaned adj. obsolete affected as with a ‘tympan’ (sense 2); inflated, puffed up.Apparently an isolated use.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pride > swelling or inflation with pride > [adjective]

to-bollenc1175

bolledc1375

bolnedc1380

swollenc1386

blown1483

puffed?a1500

inflate?1504

bellieda1533

bladder-puffed1549

uppuffed1573

huffling1582

swellinga1586

upblown1590

tumorous1603

windy1603

windy-headed1603

huffed1605

flown1606

huff-pufft1608

puff-pasted1610

turgid1620

turgent1621

high-blown1623

tympanous1625

bladdered1633

tympaneda1634

tumoured1635

tympanied1637

enormous1641

over-leaven1648

flatulent1658

tympany-like1658

huffy1677

tumefied1677

blubbered1699

full-blown1699

bloated1731

tympanitical1772

inflated1785

pompholygous1855

overblown1864

forblown-

a1634 J. Day Peregrinatio Scholastica (Sloane 3150) f. 15^v Philosophos..swolne, and timpaned w^th presumption.

ˈtympaning n. /tɪm-/ the playing of a tympan (sense 1b).Apparently an isolated use.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing stringed instrument > [noun] > playing tympan

tympaning1862

1862 E. O'Curry Lect. Anc. Irish (1873) III. xxxvi. 363 The harper has exclusive harping... The Timpanist has exclusive timpaning (or Timpan playing).

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	tympan
释义	tympann. Brit. /ˈtɪmpən/, U.S. /ˈtɪmpən/, Irish English /ˈtɪmpən/ Forms: Also Old English timpana, Middle English–1600s timpane, timpan (also 1800s in sense 1b), Middle English–1700s tympane, (1500s tymphan, timphan). Etymology: < Latin tympanum, tympanum n., or < Old French tympan, timpan (12th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter; modern French tympan, = Portuguese tympano, Spanish timpano, Italian timpano, in various senses). Compare Old High German timpana, Old Icelandic timpan. In Old English and early Middle English only in renderings of Biblical passages. 1. a. A drum or similar instrument, as a timbrel or tambourine. archaic. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > percussion instrument > drum > [noun] tympanc825 taborc1290 taborna1340 tambour1484 drumslade1527 drum?1534 tympany1534 tympanum1675 skin1929 c825 Vesp. Psalter lxvii. 26 In midle iungra plægiendra timpanan. c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xlvi. 346 Lofiað God mid tympanan, ond on choro. c1000 Ælfric Genesis xxxi. 27 Mid lofsangum, & mid timpanum, & mid hearpum. a1300 E.E. Psalter cxlix. 3 In timpan and sautre to him singe þai. a1300 E.E. Psalter cl. 4 Loves him in crouth and timpane. 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 7128 As þe bras, And as þe tympan, þat bete was. c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 283 Þese ben þe propre signes of tympanites: his wombe & þe regioun of his stomac schulen oonly be to-swolle, & alle his oþere lymes..wolen bicome smal, & if þou smitist him vpon his wombe, it wole soune as it were a tympan. 1413 Pilgr. Sowle (1483) v. viii. 99 Dauyd ordeyned..instrumentes..organs and harpes, Symbals and sawtryes, Kroudes and tympans, Trompettes and tabours. 1503 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 392 Item..ane pair of tympanes to the King xxiiij s. 1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. xli. 128 They vse not to sound a trumpet, but a Timpane. a1682 Sir T. Browne Certain Misc. Tracts (1684) vi. 122 Bacchus gave the signal of Battel..not with Trumpets but with Tympans and Cymbals. b. [ < Irish tiompan.] An ancient Irish stringed instrument played with a bow. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > other bowable instruments monochorda1450 tympan?a1475 rebab1671 ravanastron1788 vihuela1832 sarinda1851 sarod1867 arpeggione1879 quinton1889 surbahar1896 dilruba1921 esraj1921 spike-fiddle1940 ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 355 Men of Irlonde be experte specially in ij. kyndes of musike,..an harpe, and a tympan [L. tympano] stryngede and armede with cordes of brasse. 1862 E. O'Curry Lect. Anc. Irish (1873) III. xxxvi. 362 The poem affords another proof that the Timpan was a stringed instrument; and..shows that it was..played on with a wand and hair, words that plainly enough describe a fiddle-bow. 1891 W. B. Yeats Countess Kathleen in Poems (1908) 10 I thought I heard far off tympans and harps. †2. a. = tympanites n., tympany n. 1. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of abdomen or diaphragm > [noun] > distension tympanites1398 tympany1528 tympan1530 wind-dropsy1607 meteorismus1791 tympanitis1797 meteorism1843 meteorization1857 tympanicity1899 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 281/2 Tympan a dysease in the bely, enfleure. †b. transferred. (See quot. 1555) Obsolete. ΚΠ 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. x. f. 142 The smaulest [pearls] differ from the byggest in a certayne swellynge or impostumation whiche the Spaniardes caule a tympane. †3. = tympanum n. 2. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > sense organ > hearing organ > parts of hearing organ > [noun] > ear-drum tympan1549 tabor1594 drum1615 tympanum1619 meninx1630 eardrum1708 middle ear1808 1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. James i. f. xviii The worde of the Gospell..knocketh in vayne at the tympane of the ears, onles it light depe in to the inwarde partes of the harte. 1639 J. S. Clidamas 24 If what I speake may befit the tender tympane of a Ladyes eare. 1688 Bp. G. Burnet Three Lett. State of Italy 181 The violent noise..weakened the Tympan of his Ear. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Tympan,..the Drum of the Ear. 4. An appliance in a printing-press, interposed between the platen or impression-cylinder and the sheet to be printed, in order to soften and equalize the pressure; in a hand press consisting of two frames ( outer tympan and inner tympan) with sheets of parchment or strong linen stretched upon them, and enclosing a packing either of blanket, rubber, or other soft substance, or sheets of paper, cardboard, cloth, or other harder material, according to the nature of the work to be printed. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > printing machine or press > parts of printers or presses > [noun] > tympan tympan1580 drawer1837 1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Le Chassis, the tympane of a Printers presse. 1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course ii. f. 22 Placing the leafe that is to be printed, on a double tympan or parchmin. 1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 54 The Tympan is a square Frame. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Printing On the Front of the Coffin are three Frames.., viz. the two Tympans and Frisket. 1824 J. Johnson Typographia II. xv. 529 The tympans are covered with vellum, forrels, or parchment. 1869 W. B. in Eng. Mech. 24 Dec. 362/1 Make a tympan of thick cardboard. 1880 Printing Times Mar. 63/1 Too much packing in a tympan is a great and common fault. 1885 C. G. W. Lock Workshop Receipts 4th Ser. 404/1 A sheet of smooth card..should be laid over the picture before the leather tympan is closed down upon it. 5. Architecture. = tympanum n. 3. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > arch > [noun] > parts of coin1350 pendant1359 voussoir1359 springer1435 spandrel1477 spring?1553 pitch1615 kneeler1617 gimmalsa1652 face1664 of the third point1672 turn1677 sweep1685 hance1700 skew-back1700 summering1700 springing1703 tympan1704 hip1726 reins1726 rib1726 third point1728 quoin1730 archivolt1731 opening1739 soffit1739 shoulder1744 extrados1772 intrados1772 haunch1793 arch-stone1828 twist1840 coign1843 architrave1849 escoinçon1867 pulvino1907 pin1928 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > column > [noun] > pediment > face of tympanuma1684 tympan1767 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Tympan of an Arch, is a triangular Table placed in its Corners. 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Tympan, is also attributed to the Pannels of Doors..and to the Dye or Square of Pedestals. 1767 A. C. Ducarel Anglo-Norm. Antiq. 88 Within the Tympan or panel of the pediment is a basso relievo. 1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Timpan, tympany, the middle part of the front of a house, raised above the level of the rest of the wall, resembling a gable... This is also called a Tympany gavel. 1893 E. H. Barker Wanderings by S. Waters 89 The composition, which fills the tympan of the scarcely-pointed arch, represents Christ surrounded by the twelve Apostles. 6. = tympanum n. 4b. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > lifting or hoisting equipment > [noun] > for raising water > wheel for raising water waterwheel1591 Persian wheel1649 sakia1687 noria1696 Egyptian wheel1793 bucket-wheel1797 tabut1836 pot-wheel1852 tympan1858 irrigation-wheel1864 spider-wheel1868 tympanum1875 1858 D. Lardner Hand-bk. Nat. Philos.: Hydrostatics, Pneumatics, & Heat (new ed.) 123 The tympan.—A form of wheel, which has received this name, is also used in France for irrigation. 7. A tense membrane or thin plate in any mechanical apparatus, e.g. in a phonograph. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > other parts > [noun] > plates pressure plate1845 throat plate1857 tympan1883 pin plate1893 1883 H. Greer Dict. Electr. 170 This [carbon] lozenge is pressed gently by a tympan. 1900 Daily News 17 Nov. 6/3 The vibrating plate or tympan had not force enough to imprint the feeble sounds on the wax of the cylinder, and form a good record. 1900 Daily News 17 Nov. 6/3 This varying current in passing through the telephone..makes the iron plate or tympan vibrate and give out..a fairly correct imitation of the speaker's voice. Compounds attributive (in sense 4), as tympan-cloth, tympan-frame; tympan-sheet n. a sheet of paper, etc. laid on or fixed in the tympan, originally as a guide for placing the sheets to be printed. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > paper > [noun] > paper used as position guide tympan-sheet1683 lay-edge1892 lay1915 1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 300 He takes a Sheet of Paper..for a Tympan-sheet. 1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 338 This Tympan-cloath is a Fine and even Linnen Cloath. 1770 P. Luckombe Conc. Hist. Printing 345 The Tympan sheet..is only as a standing mark to lay all the other sheets exactly even upon. 1841 T. C. Hansard Treat. Printing & Type-founding 109 They now choose their points, which are thin iron arms, having a short point projecting from the end, and made to screw on to the tympan-frame. 1909 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Tympan,..3. Printing Presses,..in hand presses the tympan is double and consists of two sheets, usually of parchment, stretched on the tympan frame. Derivatives † ˈtympaned adj. obsolete affected as with a ‘tympan’ (sense 2); inflated, puffed up.Apparently an isolated use. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pride > swelling or inflation with pride > [adjective] to-bollenc1175 bolledc1375 bolnedc1380 swollenc1386 blown1483 puffed?a1500 inflate?1504 bellieda1533 bladder-puffed1549 uppuffed1573 huffling1582 swellinga1586 upblown1590 tumorous1603 windy1603 windy-headed1603 huffed1605 flown1606 huff-pufft1608 puff-pasted1610 turgid1620 turgent1621 high-blown1623 tympanous1625 bladdered1633 tympaneda1634 tumoured1635 tympanied1637 enormous1641 over-leaven1648 flatulent1658 tympany-like1658 huffy1677 tumefied1677 blubbered1699 full-blown1699 bloated1731 tympanitical1772 inflated1785 pompholygous1855 overblown1864 forblown- a1634 J. Day Peregrinatio Scholastica (Sloane 3150) f. 15^v Philosophos..swolne, and timpaned w^th presumption. ˈtympaning n. /tɪm-/ the playing of a tympan (sense 1b).Apparently an isolated use. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing stringed instrument > [noun] > playing tympan tympaning1862 1862 E. O'Curry Lect. Anc. Irish (1873) III. xxxvi. 363 The harper has exclusive harping... The Timpanist has exclusive timpaning (or Timpan playing). This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.c825
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