mofussiln.adj.

Brit.

/məʊˈfʌs(ᵻ)l/, U.S.

/moʊˈfəs(ə)l/

Forms: 1700s mofussel, 1700s– mofussil, 1800s mofusil, 1800s mofussul, 1800s mufassal, 1900s– moffusil. Frequently with capital initial.

Origin: A borrowing from Urdu. Etymons: Urdu mufaṣṣil, mufaṣṣal.

Etymology: < Urdu mufaṣṣil, variant of mufaṣṣal (adjective) separated, divided, (noun) subordinate division of a district < Persian mufaṣṣal (adjective and noun) < Arabic mufaṣṣal, passive participle of faṣṣala to divide up, set forth in detail, classify.

Anglo-Indian.

A. n.

Usually with the. Originally: those parts of India outside the three Presidency capitals of the East India Company (Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras); (more generally) those parts of India outside any of the large cities. In later use: the rural localities of a district of India as distinguished from its chief station or town.Used principally during or with reference to the period of British rule in India.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > country as opposed to town > [noun] > in India

mofussil1781

1781 Hicky's Bengal Gaz. 31 Mar. A gentleman lately arrived from the Mo [f] ussel.

1781 Hicky's Bengal Gaz. 30 June A gentleman in the Mofussil, Mr. P., fell out of his chaise and broke his leg.

1825 R. Heber Let. Mar. in A. Heber Life R. Heber (1830) II. xxv. 287 All the public men with whom I have conversed in what are called the ‘mofussil’, or provincial stations of India, have agreed.

1878 (title) Life in the Mofussil; or the civilian in Lower Bengal.

1886 H. Yule & A. C. Burnell Hobson-Jobson (at cited word) Thus if, in Calcutta, one talks of the Mofussil, he means anywhere in Bengal out of Calcutta; if one at Benares talks of going into the Mofussil he means going anywhere in the Benares division or district (as the case might be) out of the city of Benares. And so over India.

1936 W. H. Saumarez Smith Let. 21 June in Young Man's Country (1977) ii. 10 The whole of the mofussil is under water at this time of year.

1954 J. Masters Bhowani Junction xxxix. 339 He was..continuing his journey into the mofussil.

1988 M. MacMillan Women of Raj iii. 42 Mofussil was anywhere in India outside the cities.

B. adj.

Of, relating to, belonging to, or living in the mofussil; remote, rural, provincial.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > country as opposed to town > [adjective]

fieldena1425

rustic?1440

citylessc1450

champestrea1492

rural?a1500

rustical1542

agrestc1550

predial1592

champestrial1612

agrestic1617

agrestical1623

agrested1650

upland1654

countrified1756

agrestian1812

country1827

mofussil1828

agrestial1840

landward1844

bucolic1846

out-country1939

land-bound1972

1828 H. Mackenzie Let. 10 Dec. in Ld. W. Bentinck Corr. (1977) I. 115 Three mufassal commissioners..available for the duty of controlling the executive revenue officers.

c1836 T. B. Macaulay in G. O. Trevelyan Life (1876) I. 395 The Mofussil newspapers..have spoken favourably of this measure.

1860 Rural Life in Bengal 105 Characteristic of Mofussul life.

1878 G. Graham Life in Mofussil I. 58 The natural dulness of a wet Sunday in a Mofussil bungalow.

1906 Advice Note, Office of Superintendent of Govt. Printing, India Voucher No. 5656 When cheques on mofussil banks are sent, they must include the amount of discount.

1971 Femina (Bombay) 16 Apr. 27/3 In mofussil areas, where the large bungalows invariably have fountains, water tanks, the danger of slipping into them is great.

1986 A. Ghosh Circle of Reason vi. 124 Filthy little district and mofussil politicians who have suddenly come into so much power that they think nothing of pushing around gazetted officers of the Government of India.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mofussil
释义	mofussiln.adj. Brit. /məʊˈfʌs(ᵻ)l/, U.S. /moʊˈfəs(ə)l/ Forms: 1700s mofussel, 1700s– mofussil, 1800s mofusil, 1800s mofussul, 1800s mufassal, 1900s– moffusil. Frequently with capital initial. Origin: A borrowing from Urdu. Etymons: Urdu mufaṣṣil, mufaṣṣal. Etymology: < Urdu mufaṣṣil, variant of mufaṣṣal (adjective) separated, divided, (noun) subordinate division of a district < Persian mufaṣṣal (adjective and noun) < Arabic mufaṣṣal, passive participle of faṣṣala to divide up, set forth in detail, classify. Anglo-Indian. A. n. Usually with the. Originally: those parts of India outside the three Presidency capitals of the East India Company (Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras); (more generally) those parts of India outside any of the large cities. In later use: the rural localities of a district of India as distinguished from its chief station or town.Used principally during or with reference to the period of British rule in India. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > country as opposed to town > [noun] > in India mofussil1781 1781 Hicky's Bengal Gaz. 31 Mar. A gentleman lately arrived from the Mo [f] ussel. 1781 Hicky's Bengal Gaz. 30 June A gentleman in the Mofussil, Mr. P., fell out of his chaise and broke his leg. 1825 R. Heber Let. Mar. in A. Heber Life R. Heber (1830) II. xxv. 287 All the public men with whom I have conversed in what are called the ‘mofussil’, or provincial stations of India, have agreed. 1878 (title) Life in the Mofussil; or the civilian in Lower Bengal. 1886 H. Yule & A. C. Burnell Hobson-Jobson (at cited word) Thus if, in Calcutta, one talks of the Mofussil, he means anywhere in Bengal out of Calcutta; if one at Benares talks of going into the Mofussil he means going anywhere in the Benares division or district (as the case might be) out of the city of Benares. And so over India. 1936 W. H. Saumarez Smith Let. 21 June in Young Man's Country (1977) ii. 10 The whole of the mofussil is under water at this time of year. 1954 J. Masters Bhowani Junction xxxix. 339 He was..continuing his journey into the mofussil. 1988 M. MacMillan Women of Raj iii. 42 Mofussil was anywhere in India outside the cities. B. adj. Of, relating to, belonging to, or living in the mofussil; remote, rural, provincial. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > country as opposed to town > [adjective] fieldena1425 rustic?1440 citylessc1450 champestrea1492 rural?a1500 rustical1542 agrestc1550 predial1592 champestrial1612 agrestic1617 agrestical1623 agrested1650 upland1654 countrified1756 agrestian1812 country1827 mofussil1828 agrestial1840 landward1844 bucolic1846 out-country1939 land-bound1972 1828 H. Mackenzie Let. 10 Dec. in Ld. W. Bentinck Corr. (1977) I. 115 Three mufassal commissioners..available for the duty of controlling the executive revenue officers. c1836 T. B. Macaulay in G. O. Trevelyan Life (1876) I. 395 The Mofussil newspapers..have spoken favourably of this measure. 1860 Rural Life in Bengal 105 Characteristic of Mofussul life. 1878 G. Graham Life in Mofussil I. 58 The natural dulness of a wet Sunday in a Mofussil bungalow. 1906 Advice Note, Office of Superintendent of Govt. Printing, India Voucher No. 5656 When cheques on mofussil banks are sent, they must include the amount of discount. 1971 Femina (Bombay) 16 Apr. 27/3 In mofussil areas, where the large bungalows invariably have fountains, water tanks, the danger of slipping into them is great. 1986 A. Ghosh Circle of Reason vi. 124 Filthy little district and mofussil politicians who have suddenly come into so much power that they think nothing of pushing around gazetted officers of the Government of India. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1781
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