model theoryn.

Brit.

/ˈmɒdl ˌθɪəri/, U.S.

/ˈmɑd(ə)l ˌθiri/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: model n., theory n.

Etymology: < model n. + theory n.In some uses in sense 2 probably understood as showing model adj.

a. A theory based on or involving a representation or model (model n. I.), whether actual or conceptual.

ΚΠ

1835 J. Allies Observ. Certain Curious Indentations in Old Red Sand-stone Worcs. & Herefordshire 45 It was very difficult..to understand how concretions of marlstone and other matter could have been formed (like models) in the shape of horses' and colts' feet... With respect to the model theory I submit that it also is shattered to pieces..unless we can be led to believe that [etc.].

1884 R. Govett Christ Superior to Angels 223 But there are those who admit that something external to himself was presented to the eyes of Moses... It was a model, according to which Moses and his workmen were to construct the sanctuary. But a comparison of these theories with the words of God hopelessly shatters them. Let us begin with..the model theory.

1929 Amer. Math. Monthly 36 415 The older model theories of physics explaining the analogy are comparable to the older mathematics; while the modern more abstract physical theories are more closely related with modern postulational mathematics.

1974 W. A. Berggren & J. A. van Couvering Late Neogene iv. 55 He suggests a ‘model theory’ for defining the Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary in which this boundary would be the earliest of a series of boundaries between glacial and interglacial periods characterized by similar climatic changes.

2000 J. St. B. T. Evans in W. Schaeken et al. Deductive Reasoning & Strategies i. 18 The interpretative stage of the model theory (modeling the premises and formulating a provisional conclusion) would appear to be an implicit process.

b. The theory of making representational scale models, typically as guides to the behaviour of the object modelled.

ΚΠ

1905 Education Sept. 48 First term. Machine sketching. Lectures on Model Theory and Perspective Principles.

1934 Science 2 Feb. 115/2 The application of model theory to the study of horns.

1960 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. VIII. 525/2 On the basis of model theory, a small, readily modified model can be built and tested at low relative cost and the results applied to the full-scale device.

2005 S. N. Kaul et al. Wastewater Managem. xiii. 145 A pilot plant is unlikely to yield the maximum possible amount of information unless the ‘Critical’ components at least are designed and operated in accordance with model theory.

c. Mathematics and Logic. The theory of mathematical or conceptual models (model n. 8), dealing with their construction, properties, the conditions of their validity, etc.; spec. a branch of mathematical logic dealing with the classification of mathematical structures and their elements in terms of first-order formulae that the elements satisfy.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > mathematical philosophy > [noun] > model theory or model

model1940

model theory1957

1954 A. Tarski in Indagationes Mathematicae 16 572 A new branch of metamathematics has been developing. It is called the theory of models and can be regarded as a part of the semantics of formalized theories.]

1957 Jrnl. Symbolic Logic 20 269 (title) Three uses of the Herbrand-Gentzen theorem in relating model theory and proof theory.

1967 S. C. Kleene Math. Logic §23. 117 In the predicate calculus, proof theory has the advantage over model theory.

1990 Proc. London Math. Soc. 60 2 The paper concludes with a short section on the use of these categories in the model theory of various polymorphic lambda-calculi.

2004 M. Potter Set Theory & its Philos. i. 14 Any beginner in model theory learns a litany of results—the Löwenheim/Skolem theorems, the existence of non-standard models of arithmetic—that testify to the unavoidable weakness of first-order theories.

2. A theory that is based on an exemplar or model (model n. II.); a theory that provides an exemplar or model (cf. model adj. 1).

ΚΠ

1850 Sidney's Emigrant's Jrnl. 2nd Ser. No. 3. 150 The long-disputed Squatting system of Australia..is now adopted in New Zealand, and the model theory of concentration and due proportion of capital and labour abandoned in practice.

1899 Harper's Weekly 24 May 410/3 Dr. Hitchcock..established physical exercise as a part of the work of a student, formulated, no doubt, by the far-sighted doctor on that model theory of exercise of the Romans.

1913 H. S. Harrison V. V.'s Eyes xxviii. 404 Everybody would like to see factories run on the model theory, like health resorts.

1933 Jrnl. Criminal Law & Criminol. 21 882/2 The author brings forth a model theory about which he thinks a new system of penology may be constructed.

2008 F. Jegerlehner Anomalous Magn. Moment of Muon iv. 207 This clear dominance of just one type of interaction..was very important for the development of QFT and QED, since it allowed to test QED as a model theory under very simple, clean and unambiguous conditions.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	model theory
释义	model theoryn. Brit. /ˈmɒdl ˌθɪəri/, U.S. /ˈmɑd(ə)l ˌθiri/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: model n., theory n. Etymology: < model n. + theory n.In some uses in sense 2 probably understood as showing model adj. 1. a. A theory based on or involving a representation or model (model n. I.), whether actual or conceptual. ΚΠ 1835 J. Allies Observ. Certain Curious Indentations in Old Red Sand-stone Worcs. & Herefordshire 45 It was very difficult..to understand how concretions of marlstone and other matter could have been formed (like models) in the shape of horses' and colts' feet... With respect to the model theory I submit that it also is shattered to pieces..unless we can be led to believe that [etc.]. 1884 R. Govett Christ Superior to Angels 223 But there are those who admit that something external to himself was presented to the eyes of Moses... It was a model, according to which Moses and his workmen were to construct the sanctuary. But a comparison of these theories with the words of God hopelessly shatters them. Let us begin with..the model theory. 1929 Amer. Math. Monthly 36 415 The older model theories of physics explaining the analogy are comparable to the older mathematics; while the modern more abstract physical theories are more closely related with modern postulational mathematics. 1974 W. A. Berggren & J. A. van Couvering Late Neogene iv. 55 He suggests a ‘model theory’ for defining the Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary in which this boundary would be the earliest of a series of boundaries between glacial and interglacial periods characterized by similar climatic changes. 2000 J. St. B. T. Evans in W. Schaeken et al. Deductive Reasoning & Strategies i. 18 The interpretative stage of the model theory (modeling the premises and formulating a provisional conclusion) would appear to be an implicit process. b. The theory of making representational scale models, typically as guides to the behaviour of the object modelled. ΚΠ 1905 Education Sept. 48 First term. Machine sketching. Lectures on Model Theory and Perspective Principles. 1934 Science 2 Feb. 115/2 The application of model theory to the study of horns. 1960 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. VIII. 525/2 On the basis of model theory, a small, readily modified model can be built and tested at low relative cost and the results applied to the full-scale device. 2005 S. N. Kaul et al. Wastewater Managem. xiii. 145 A pilot plant is unlikely to yield the maximum possible amount of information unless the ‘Critical’ components at least are designed and operated in accordance with model theory. c. Mathematics and Logic. The theory of mathematical or conceptual models (model n. 8), dealing with their construction, properties, the conditions of their validity, etc.; spec. a branch of mathematical logic dealing with the classification of mathematical structures and their elements in terms of first-order formulae that the elements satisfy. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > mathematical philosophy > [noun] > model theory or model model1940 model theory1957 1954 A. Tarski in Indagationes Mathematicae 16 572 A new branch of metamathematics has been developing. It is called the theory of models and can be regarded as a part of the semantics of formalized theories.] 1957 Jrnl. Symbolic Logic 20 269 (title) Three uses of the Herbrand-Gentzen theorem in relating model theory and proof theory. 1967 S. C. Kleene Math. Logic §23. 117 In the predicate calculus, proof theory has the advantage over model theory. 1990 Proc. London Math. Soc. 60 2 The paper concludes with a short section on the use of these categories in the model theory of various polymorphic lambda-calculi. 2004 M. Potter Set Theory & its Philos. i. 14 Any beginner in model theory learns a litany of results—the Löwenheim/Skolem theorems, the existence of non-standard models of arithmetic—that testify to the unavoidable weakness of first-order theories. 2. A theory that is based on an exemplar or model (model n. II.); a theory that provides an exemplar or model (cf. model adj. 1). ΚΠ 1850 Sidney's Emigrant's Jrnl. 2nd Ser. No. 3. 150 The long-disputed Squatting system of Australia..is now adopted in New Zealand, and the model theory of concentration and due proportion of capital and labour abandoned in practice. 1899 Harper's Weekly 24 May 410/3 Dr. Hitchcock..established physical exercise as a part of the work of a student, formulated, no doubt, by the far-sighted doctor on that model theory of exercise of the Romans. 1913 H. S. Harrison V. V.'s Eyes xxviii. 404 Everybody would like to see factories run on the model theory, like health resorts. 1933 Jrnl. Criminal Law & Criminol. 21 882/2 The author brings forth a model theory about which he thinks a new system of penology may be constructed. 2008 F. Jegerlehner Anomalous Magn. Moment of Muon iv. 207 This clear dominance of just one type of interaction..was very important for the development of QFT and QED, since it allowed to test QED as a model theory under very simple, clean and unambiguous conditions. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1835
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