middenn.

Brit.

/ˈmɪd(ə)n/, U.S.

/ˈmɪd(ə)n/

Forms: late Middle English middyng, late Middle English myddyng, late Middle English myding, late Middle English mydyng, late Middle English–1800s midding, 1500s medin, 1500s myddin, 1500s mydding, 1500s–1600s mydinge, 1600s middinge, 1600s miding, 1600s–1800s middin, 1600s– midden, 1900s– middan (rare); English regional (chiefly northern) 1700s– middin, 1700s– midding; Scottish pre-1700 meden, pre-1700 meding, pre-1700 medyn, pre-1700 medynge, pre-1700 meiddane, pre-1700 meidding, pre-1700 meidinge, pre-1700 middein, pre-1700 midein, pre-1700 midin, pre-1700 miding, pre-1700 midinge, pre-1700 midinn, pre-1700 myddin, pre-1700 mydding, pre-1700 myddyn, pre-1700 myddyng, pre-1700 myddynne, pre-1700 mydin, pre-1700 mydyn, pre-1700 mydyng, pre-1700 mydynn, pre-1700 1700s 1900s– medding, pre-1700 1700s– midden, pre-1700 1700s– middin, pre-1700 1700s– midding, 1800s– middan, 1900s– middeen (Orkney), 1900s– miden.

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norwegian mødding.

Etymology: < an early Scandinavian compound (compare Norwegian (Bokmål) mødding, Danish mødding (earlier møgdynge ), Swedish regional mödding ) < the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic myki (see muck n.¹) + the Scandinavian base of Icelandic dyngja (see dung n.¹). The expected Old Icelandic form would be *myki-dyngja (compare Norwegian regional mykjadunge , mykjardunge ). Compare post-classical Latin medena (1376 in a British source). Compare earlier mixen n.Attested earlier as a place-name element, compare Blacmyddingmore (1333; now Blackmiddingmoor, Northumberland).

a. A dunghill, a dung heap; a refuse heap. Also: a domestic ash-pit. Now chiefly Scottish and English regional (northern).

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > refuse or rubbish > [noun] > heap or accumulation of

middena1425

dust-heap1654

refuse heap1816

detritus1849

tip1863

dump1865

waste-heap1873

junkyard1885

slag heap1917

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirty place > [noun] > dunghill

mixenOE

dung heap?a1300

miskinc1300

muckhilla1325

dunghillc1330

muck-heapa1400

middena1425

modyngstretea1500

dung mixenc1500

laystowa1513

mixhill1552

muck midden1552

laystall1553

middenstead1583

layheap1624

dung pile1658

midden lair1692

thurrock1708

stercorary1759

midden stance1844

a1425 (?a1350) Seven Sages (Galba) (1907) 2663 (MED) Þe thoght þou saw in þi myding A faire well and water vp spryng.

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. 750 The myddyng, sette it weete, as hit may rote.

c1480 (a1400) St. Mary of Egypt 468 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 309 Ay valouand me in þat syne, as sow a medynge dois vithine.

c1480 (a1400) St. Theodora 615 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 116 Þe mylk of sowis has he tane, þat lay by in þe myddyng.

a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Cock & Jasp l. 82 in Poems (1981) 6 It wer pietie tthow suld in this mydding Be buryit.

1531 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1885) III. 367 A garden..next to the mydding.

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Liii/1 A Myddin, fimarium.

1667 in J. Barmby Churchwardens' Accts. Pittington (1888) 225 For takeing away the miding of ashes out of the churchyard 1s. 4d.

1718 A. Ramsay Christ's-kirk on Green iii. 29 The Wives and Gytlings a spang'd out O're Middings, and o're Dikes.

1826 E. Swinburne in J. Raine Mem. J. Hodgson (1858) II. 74 A midden is well placed on the opposite side of them.

1853 H. Stephens Farmer's Guide 470 Winter is not the season to expect a quick fermentation to arise among the materials composing a compost dunghill, or midden, as it is technically termed in Scotland.

1887 W. Morris tr. Homer Odyssey I. x. 183 The herded kine as full-fed of grass withal They come aback to the midden [Gk. ἐς κόπρον].

1926 ‘I. Farquhar’ Pickletillie Folk 160 He's seen ongvelopes wi' an Edinburgh lawyer's name on them—lyin' in the manse midden—I mean the ashpit.

1969 M. Harris Kind of Magic (1974) 45 They had..the midden—the useful countryman's compost heap where both kitchen and garden waste was thrown.

1990 C. Holland Bear Flag (1992) xxii. 167 A flock of seagulls flapped and shrieked on the midden beyond the back fence.

b. Scottish colloquial. A receptacle for refuse, a dustbin; (also) an enclosure in a backyard or basement for holding dustbins or domestic refuse.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > refuse disposal > [noun] > receptacle for refuse

vat1534

voider1613

waste-paper box1836

dustbin1847

kid1847

waste-basket1850

scrap-box1858

waste-paper basket1859

garbage can1869

can1872

hell1872

scrap basket1872

sink tidy1881

tidy-betty1884

kitchen tidy1885

midden1890

wagger1903

W.P.B.1903

waste-bin1915

Sanibin1921

binette1922

G.I. can1929

trash can1929

trashbag1934

litter-bin1947

shitcan1948

pedal bin1951

trash-bin1955

litter-basket1958

midgie1965

bin1972

swing bin1972

tidy bin1972

dump bin1978

wheelie bin1984

binbag1986

1890 Cent. Dict. Midden,..A receptacle for kitchen refuse, ashes, etc.

1920 C. Young Spons' Pract. Builders' Pocket-bk. (ed. 3) 420 Scottish building terms... Scottish: Midden..English: Dusthold.

1958 C. Hanley Dancing in Streets 42 What we called middens, upper-class people described as dustbins.

1981 A. Gray Lanark (1982) xii. 124 He keeked between the stems of sorrel and daisies at the midden, a three-sided brick shed where bins were kept.

1984 J. Kelman Busconductor Hines ii. 79 For every 3 closes you have the 1 midden containing 6 dustbins.

1992 J. Torrington Swing Hammer Swing! viii. 60 A black one-eyed cat..stared up at me,..dumbly imploring me to tell it why there were no fishheads or meatscraps in the middens.

2. figurative.

ΚΠ

a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 628 A fouler myddyng saw þow never nane.

1588 A. King tr. P. Canisius Cathechisme or Schort Instr. f. 27 ^v Forgiue me all my sinnes, and raise me poor creatur out of the midding.

c1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 437 Alace! I see all the middin (or dunghill) of the muck of the corruption of the Kirk of Ingland comeing on upon us.

1692 ‘J. Curate’ Sc. Presbyterian Eloquence iv. 115 Sweeping them all out at the door, and casting them out to the Midden.

1827 C. I. Johnstone Elizabeth de Bruce II. x If there was an object on earth which Monkshaugh loathed..it was a slatternly dirty woman... ‘What's to be done with that rampallion midden, 'Lizbeth?’ said he.

1859 C. Kingsley Misc. (1860) II. 30 That everlasting midden which men call the world.

1930 E. Pound Draft of XXX Cantos xv. 65 Ultimate urinal, middan, pisswallow without a cloaca.

1986 Expression! July 16/1 My own enthusiasm for the arts, then, grew up in the fertilising midden of unselfconsciousness.

1989 Pract. Parenting Dec. 122/2 I'm still in my nightie at midday, the house is a midden, and I don't even go out to work.

a. Archaeology. A prehistoric refuse heap which marks an ancient settlement, often containing animal bones, shells from edible shellfish, potsherds, and stone implements; a similar refuse heap marking a more recent settlement; = kitchen midden n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > refuse or rubbish > [noun] > domestic > heap of, prehistoric or indigenous

kitchen midden1861

shell-mound1863

midden1866

mirrnyong1878

shell-heap1882

mound1908

1861 Chambers's Jrnl. 31 Aug. 142/1 One of our ablest ethnologists has just returned from a journey to Denmark, during which he searched some of the so-called ‘kitchen middens’—ancient refuse-heaps.]

1866 S. Laing Pre-hist. Remains Caithness 3 In the case of the lowest Danish middens we are carried very far back in the scale both of time and civilization.

1901 Man 1 165 He adds some further particulars of researches among the ancient middens.

1959 Chambers's Encycl. V. 452/2 On the north coast of Spain are found the middens of the Asturians who hunted land game and collected shell-fish on the shore during late mesolithic times.

1970 Sunday Truth (Brisbane) 12 July 9 Known as an Aboriginal ‘midden’, the dump consists of discarded shell, stone chips and implements which have piled up over a period of hundreds of years.

1991 Antiquity 65 899/2 The midden itself contains few mammalian remains and few lithics.

b. Zoology and Palaeontology. A heap of excreta, food remains, or other organic debris left by an animal; esp. such a deposit composed largely of, or cemented by, the urine of small mammals such as pack rats, which with time becomes a solidified mass consisting mainly of calcite and calcium oxalate.

ΚΠ

1928 Ecology 9 92 They were barren of extraneous matter except for the occasional scattered midden of mullein or grasses, and the presence of invertebrate animals.

1944 Jrnl. Animal Ecol. 13 129 In a similar manner to M[essor]. barbarus [a species of ant], a midden of the husks of grass inflorescences was made by M. aegyptianus.

1964 Science 13 Mar. 1172/1 Most of the middens are characterized by a peculiar varnish-like coating, consisting of lustrous, dark-brown masses if dried urine of Neotoma.

1991 New Scientist 11 May 48/2 The urine of North American pack rats, their African and South West Asian relatives the hyrax, and North American porcupines crystallises..into a solid mass called a midden. The rats polish it to a smooth finish with their bodies until it resembles amber.

Phrases

Chiefly Scottish. In various phrases and proverbs.

ΚΠ

1568 D. Lindsay Complaint Bagsche in Wks. (1931) I. 98 Chais na pure tyke frome his midding, Throw cast of Court, or kingis requeist.

1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xvi. 36 His craftie counsall will be sene Quhen doggs barkis on the midding.

a1598 D. Fergusson Sc. Prov. (1641) sig. A4 A cock is crouse in his own midding.

1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 377 You look'd at the Moon, and fell on the Midding.

1816 A. Boswell Poet. Wks. (1871) 165 Let your proud Baron croosely craw On his ain midden, days but twa.

1894 H. Caine Manxman vi. xiii Any cock can crow on his own midden.

1909 S. R. Crockett Rose of Wilderness (1911) xxviii About this time Selina's affection for her husband was of the ‘in-the-moon-or-the-midden’ sort.

Compounds

(Chiefly British regional.)

C1. General attributive.

midden fly n.

ΚΠ

1728 A. Ramsay Fables xxiii. 2 A paughty Bee Observ'd a humble midding flie.

1977 J. Y. Mather & H. H. Speitel Ling. Atlas Scotl. II. 101 Bluebottle fly, [Ayrshire] midden flea.

midden-heap n.

ΚΠ

1886 A. D. Willock Rosetty Ends xviii. 129 Rowin' owre an' owre ane anither in the parental midden-heap.

1904 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 34 34 The archæological remains..may be divided into three classes, viz., midden-heaps, cairns, and fishing works.

1960 Ecol. Monogr. 30 362/1 Large midden heaps indicate extensive aboriginal use.

1989 R. Banks Affliction x. 134 The place looked even worse to him now than it had when he left that morning—a midden heap, as if a motorcycle gang had been camped here all fall.

† midden hill n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1564 W. Bullein Dialogue against Fever Pestilence f. 4 Like vnto greate stinking mucle medin hilles.

midden refuse n.

ΚΠ

1901 Polit. Sci. Q. 16 279 The collectors who collect midden refuse are allowed to dispose of it wherever they can.

1982 Man 17 131 Further living space was obtained..by covering the mud with up to four feet of shells, stones and midden refuse placed on top of flax mats.

† midden tyke n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 236 He barkis lyk an midding tyk.

1568 J. Rowll Cursing l. 204 in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1928) II. 283 Thair eiris neis ar lyk ane midding tyk.

C2.

midden cock n. = dunghill cock at dunghill n. and adj. Compounds 1b.

ΚΠ

1756 M. Calderwood Lett. & Jrnls. (1884) 128 I saw the largest midden cock I think ever I saw.

1890 J. Service Thir Notandums 77 His wee three-cornered hat sittin' on three hairs like a bit midden cock on his heid.

1996 C. I. Macafee Conc. Ulster Dict. 222/1 Midden cock, a dunghill cock, a farmyard cockerel.

† midden creel n. Obsolete a basket for carrying manure.

ΚΠ

1792 R. Burns in J. Johnson Scots Musical Museum IV. 389 Her walie nieves like midden-creels.

† midden crow n. English regional (northern) Obsolete the carrion crow, Corvus corone.

ΚΠ

1829 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words (new ed.) 204 Midden Crow.

1831 J. Rennie Montagu's Ornithol. Dict. (ed. 2) 113 Black Neb. Corby Crow... Midden Crow.

1893 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Midden-crow, the carrion crow.

midden fowl n. = dunghill fowl at dunghill n. and adj. Compounds 1b.

ΚΠ

1895 Scottish Rev. Jan. 115 The poor tenant was compelled, therefore, to keep a huge stock of midden fowls which ate up his scanty crops and grain.

1900 H. G. Graham Social Life Scotl. 18th Cent. (1901) I. 6 The midden-fowls feasted and nursed their broods among nettles and docks.

midden-head n. the upper part of a refuse heap.

ΚΠ

1662 J. Lamont Diary (1830) 181 He was carried out and layd downe on a midden head.

1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess ii. 79 We's nae be heard upo' the midden head.

1823 J. Galt Ringan Gilhaize II. x. 104 Its roots of rankness are in the midden-head of Arminianism.

1932 Aberdeen Univ. Rev. Mar. 109 The gypit trash think 'at fat they dinna ken 's nae worth kennin' an' may as weel be flung i' the fire or o' the middenheid.

1974 Jrnl. Amer. Hist. 61 779 Even their smoldering midden-head was sited well away and downwind from the post.

† midden hole n. Obsolete a place dug out to hold refuse.

ΚΠ

1786 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 160 She..ran thro' midden-hole an' a'.

1879 G. W. Donald Poems (rev. ed.) 15 The auld ane t' the midden hole Was flung to bed the swine.

† midden lair n. [ < midden n. + lair n.¹] Scottish Obsolete = middenstead n.

ΚΠ

1692 in J. D. Marwick Rec. Convent. Royal Burghs Scotl. (1880) IV. 571 Item, a years [rent] of the midding lairs at the east and west ports 18 0 0.

1708 Council Reg. Aberdeen LVIII. 135 Ther was a piece of waste ground at the west end of the college croft..which wes presently midden lairs.

† midden mavis n. Scottish Obsolete a person, esp. a woman, who gathers rags, etc.

ΚΠ

1838 J. Ballantine in Whistle-Binkie 1st Ser. (ed. 2) 88 Ilk midden mavis, wee black jaudy, A' dread an' fear ye.

1856 G. Henderson Pop. Rhymes Berwick 83 Clarty Kirstan, midden mavis! Rub your gruntle wi' a docken.

† midden mount n. Scottish Obsolete a mound of refuse.

ΚΠ

c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 259 The toun of Edinbrughe..raisit midding mountis at Hereotis wark.

c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 272 The toun of Edinbrughe is veray diligent in making wp midding mountis and vther ingynes to defend the toun.

midden pit n. a pit for holding refuse.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > sanitation > provision of sewers > sewage treatment > [noun] > use of cesspools or lagoons > cesspool or pit

sink1413

midden pita1425

sinkhole1456

suspiralc1512

sentine1537

dung pit1598

muck pit1598

sinker1623

bumby1632

sump1680

sump hole1754

jaw-hole1760

recess1764

cesspool1783

dead-hole1856

soil-tank1861

cesspit1864

lagoon1909

sewage lagoon1930

a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 8770 Alle þis world,..War noght bot als a myddyng-pytt.

1832 R. Sharp Diary 23 Feb. (1997) 360 Plump he went partly on the Middin partly in the Middin pit.

1931 B. Bunting Sonatina in Compl. Poems (2000) 31 Praise the green earth. Chance has appointed her home, workshop, larder, middenpit.

1992 J. Torrington Swing Hammer Swing! xli. 387 In the Scabby's backcourt kingdom of rusting railings and midden pits, Vic'd been the undisputed monarch.

† midden stance n. Obsolete = middenstead n.

ΚΠ

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 654 This is easily effected by draining the ‘midden’ stance.

1853 H. Stephens Farmer's Guide 482/1 The midden-stance is not manured at all, and the earth is carefully shovelled up from it and carried away to another part of the field.

† midden tuilyier n. Scottish Obsolete a person who fights over the midden, a quarrelsome person.

ΚΠ

1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xiii. 113 Ane midding tuilȝour but manheid at assay.

a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 440 Semdill..[is]..Ane mydding tulȝear in ane battell bydar.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	midden
释义	middenn. Brit. /ˈmɪd(ə)n/, U.S. /ˈmɪd(ə)n/ Forms: late Middle English middyng, late Middle English myddyng, late Middle English myding, late Middle English mydyng, late Middle English–1800s midding, 1500s medin, 1500s myddin, 1500s mydding, 1500s–1600s mydinge, 1600s middinge, 1600s miding, 1600s–1800s middin, 1600s– midden, 1900s– middan (rare); English regional (chiefly northern) 1700s– middin, 1700s– midding; Scottish pre-1700 meden, pre-1700 meding, pre-1700 medyn, pre-1700 medynge, pre-1700 meiddane, pre-1700 meidding, pre-1700 meidinge, pre-1700 middein, pre-1700 midein, pre-1700 midin, pre-1700 miding, pre-1700 midinge, pre-1700 midinn, pre-1700 myddin, pre-1700 mydding, pre-1700 myddyn, pre-1700 myddyng, pre-1700 myddynne, pre-1700 mydin, pre-1700 mydyn, pre-1700 mydyng, pre-1700 mydynn, pre-1700 1700s 1900s– medding, pre-1700 1700s– midden, pre-1700 1700s– middin, pre-1700 1700s– midding, 1800s– middan, 1900s– middeen (Orkney), 1900s– miden. Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norwegian mødding. Etymology: < an early Scandinavian compound (compare Norwegian (Bokmål) mødding, Danish mødding (earlier møgdynge ), Swedish regional mödding ) < the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic myki (see muck n.¹) + the Scandinavian base of Icelandic dyngja (see dung n.¹). The expected Old Icelandic form would be myki-dyngja (compare Norwegian regional mykjadunge* , mykjardunge ). Compare post-classical Latin medena (1376 in a British source). Compare earlier mixen n.Attested earlier as a place-name element, compare Blacmyddingmore (1333; now Blackmiddingmoor, Northumberland). 1. a. A dunghill, a dung heap; a refuse heap. Also: a domestic ash-pit. Now chiefly Scottish and English regional (northern). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > refuse or rubbish > [noun] > heap or accumulation of middena1425 dust-heap1654 refuse heap1816 detritus1849 tip1863 dump1865 waste-heap1873 junkyard1885 slag heap1917 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirty place > [noun] > dunghill mixenOE dung heap?a1300 miskinc1300 muckhilla1325 dunghillc1330 muck-heapa1400 middena1425 modyngstretea1500 dung mixenc1500 laystowa1513 mixhill1552 muck midden1552 laystall1553 middenstead1583 layheap1624 dung pile1658 midden lair1692 thurrock1708 stercorary1759 midden stance1844 a1425 (?a1350) Seven Sages (Galba) (1907) 2663 (MED) Þe thoght þou saw in þi myding A faire well and water vp spryng. tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. 750 The myddyng, sette it weete, as hit may rote. c1480 (a1400) St. Mary of Egypt 468 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 309 Ay valouand me in þat syne, as sow a medynge dois vithine. c1480 (a1400) St. Theodora 615 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 116 Þe mylk of sowis has he tane, þat lay by in þe myddyng. a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Cock & Jasp l. 82 in Poems (1981) 6 It wer pietie tthow suld in this mydding Be buryit. 1531 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1885) III. 367 A garden..next to the mydding. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Liii/1 A Myddin, fimarium. 1667 in J. Barmby Churchwardens' Accts. Pittington (1888) 225 For takeing away the miding of ashes out of the churchyard 1s. 4d. 1718 A. Ramsay Christ's-kirk on Green iii. 29 The Wives and Gytlings a spang'd out O're Middings, and o're Dikes. 1826 E. Swinburne in J. Raine Mem. J. Hodgson (1858) II. 74 A midden is well placed on the opposite side of them. 1853 H. Stephens Farmer's Guide 470 Winter is not the season to expect a quick fermentation to arise among the materials composing a compost dunghill, or midden, as it is technically termed in Scotland. 1887 W. Morris tr. Homer Odyssey I. x. 183 The herded kine as full-fed of grass withal They come aback to the midden [Gk. ἐς κόπρον]. 1926 ‘I. Farquhar’ Pickletillie Folk 160 He's seen ongvelopes wi' an Edinburgh lawyer's name on them—lyin' in the manse midden—I mean the ashpit. 1969 M. Harris Kind of Magic (1974) 45 They had..the midden—the useful countryman's compost heap where both kitchen and garden waste was thrown. 1990 C. Holland Bear Flag (1992) xxii. 167 A flock of seagulls flapped and shrieked on the midden beyond the back fence. b. Scottish colloquial. A receptacle for refuse, a dustbin; (also) an enclosure in a backyard or basement for holding dustbins or domestic refuse. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > refuse disposal > [noun] > receptacle for refuse vat1534 voider1613 waste-paper box1836 dustbin1847 kid1847 waste-basket1850 scrap-box1858 waste-paper basket1859 garbage can1869 can1872 hell1872 scrap basket1872 sink tidy1881 tidy-betty1884 kitchen tidy1885 midden1890 wagger1903 W.P.B.1903 waste-bin1915 Sanibin1921 binette1922 G.I. can1929 trash can1929 trashbag1934 litter-bin1947 shitcan1948 pedal bin1951 trash-bin1955 litter-basket1958 midgie1965 bin1972 swing bin1972 tidy bin1972 dump bin1978 wheelie bin1984 binbag1986 1890 Cent. Dict. Midden,..A receptacle for kitchen refuse, ashes, etc. 1920 C. Young Spons' Pract. Builders' Pocket-bk. (ed. 3) 420 Scottish building terms... Scottish: Midden..English: Dusthold. 1958 C. Hanley Dancing in Streets 42 What we called middens, upper-class people described as dustbins. 1981 A. Gray Lanark (1982) xii. 124 He keeked between the stems of sorrel and daisies at the midden, a three-sided brick shed where bins were kept. 1984 J. Kelman Busconductor Hines ii. 79 For every 3 closes you have the 1 midden containing 6 dustbins. 1992 J. Torrington Swing Hammer Swing! viii. 60 A black one-eyed cat..stared up at me,..dumbly imploring me to tell it why there were no fishheads or meatscraps in the middens. 2. figurative. ΚΠ a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 628 A fouler myddyng saw þow never nane. 1588 A. King tr. P. Canisius Cathechisme or Schort Instr. f. 27 ^v Forgiue me all my sinnes, and raise me poor creatur out of the midding. c1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 437 Alace! I see all the middin (or dunghill) of the muck of the corruption of the Kirk of Ingland comeing on upon us. 1692 ‘J. Curate’ Sc. Presbyterian Eloquence iv. 115 Sweeping them all out at the door, and casting them out to the Midden. 1827 C. I. Johnstone Elizabeth de Bruce II. x If there was an object on earth which Monkshaugh loathed..it was a slatternly dirty woman... ‘What's to be done with that rampallion midden, 'Lizbeth?’ said he. 1859 C. Kingsley Misc. (1860) II. 30 That everlasting midden which men call the world. 1930 E. Pound Draft of XXX Cantos xv. 65 Ultimate urinal, middan, pisswallow without a cloaca. 1986 Expression! July 16/1 My own enthusiasm for the arts, then, grew up in the fertilising midden of unselfconsciousness. 1989 Pract. Parenting Dec. 122/2 I'm still in my nightie at midday, the house is a midden, and I don't even go out to work. 3. a. Archaeology. A prehistoric refuse heap which marks an ancient settlement, often containing animal bones, shells from edible shellfish, potsherds, and stone implements; a similar refuse heap marking a more recent settlement; = kitchen midden n. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > refuse or rubbish > [noun] > domestic > heap of, prehistoric or indigenous kitchen midden1861 shell-mound1863 midden1866 mirrnyong1878 shell-heap1882 mound1908 1861 Chambers's Jrnl. 31 Aug. 142/1 One of our ablest ethnologists has just returned from a journey to Denmark, during which he searched some of the so-called ‘kitchen middens’—ancient refuse-heaps.] 1866 S. Laing Pre-hist. Remains Caithness 3 In the case of the lowest Danish middens we are carried very far back in the scale both of time and civilization. 1901 Man 1 165 He adds some further particulars of researches among the ancient middens. 1959 Chambers's Encycl. V. 452/2 On the north coast of Spain are found the middens of the Asturians who hunted land game and collected shell-fish on the shore during late mesolithic times. 1970 Sunday Truth (Brisbane) 12 July 9 Known as an Aboriginal ‘midden’, the dump consists of discarded shell, stone chips and implements which have piled up over a period of hundreds of years. 1991 Antiquity 65 899/2 The midden itself contains few mammalian remains and few lithics. b. Zoology and Palaeontology. A heap of excreta, food remains, or other organic debris left by an animal; esp. such a deposit composed largely of, or cemented by, the urine of small mammals such as pack rats, which with time becomes a solidified mass consisting mainly of calcite and calcium oxalate. ΚΠ 1928 Ecology 9 92 They were barren of extraneous matter except for the occasional scattered midden of mullein or grasses, and the presence of invertebrate animals. 1944 Jrnl. Animal Ecol. 13 129 In a similar manner to M[essor]. barbarus [a species of ant], a midden of the husks of grass inflorescences was made by M. aegyptianus. 1964 Science 13 Mar. 1172/1 Most of the middens are characterized by a peculiar varnish-like coating, consisting of lustrous, dark-brown masses if dried urine of Neotoma. 1991 New Scientist 11 May 48/2 The urine of North American pack rats, their African and South West Asian relatives the hyrax, and North American porcupines crystallises..into a solid mass called a midden. The rats polish it to a smooth finish with their bodies until it resembles amber. Phrases Chiefly Scottish. In various phrases and proverbs. ΚΠ 1568 D. Lindsay Complaint Bagsche in Wks. (1931) I. 98 Chais na pure tyke frome his midding, Throw cast of Court, or kingis requeist. 1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xvi. 36 His craftie counsall will be sene Quhen doggs barkis on the midding. a1598 D. Fergusson Sc. Prov. (1641) sig. A4 A cock is crouse in his own midding. 1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 377 You look'd at the Moon, and fell on the Midding. 1816 A. Boswell Poet. Wks. (1871) 165 Let your proud Baron croosely craw On his ain midden, days but twa. 1894 H. Caine Manxman vi. xiii Any cock can crow on his own midden. 1909 S. R. Crockett Rose of Wilderness (1911) xxviii About this time Selina's affection for her husband was of the ‘in-the-moon-or-the-midden’ sort. Compounds (Chiefly British regional.) C1. General attributive. midden fly n. ΚΠ 1728 A. Ramsay Fables xxiii. 2 A paughty Bee Observ'd a humble midding flie. 1977 J. Y. Mather & H. H. Speitel Ling. Atlas Scotl. II. 101 Bluebottle fly, [Ayrshire] midden flea. midden-heap n. ΚΠ 1886 A. D. Willock Rosetty Ends xviii. 129 Rowin' owre an' owre ane anither in the parental midden-heap. 1904 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 34 34 The archæological remains..may be divided into three classes, viz., midden-heaps, cairns, and fishing works. 1960 Ecol. Monogr. 30 362/1 Large midden heaps indicate extensive aboriginal use. 1989 R. Banks Affliction x. 134 The place looked even worse to him now than it had when he left that morning—a midden heap, as if a motorcycle gang had been camped here all fall. † midden hill n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1564 W. Bullein Dialogue against Fever Pestilence f. 4 Like vnto greate stinking mucle medin hilles. midden refuse n. ΚΠ 1901 Polit. Sci. Q. 16 279 The collectors who collect midden refuse are allowed to dispose of it wherever they can. 1982 Man 17 131 Further living space was obtained..by covering the mud with up to four feet of shells, stones and midden refuse placed on top of flax mats. † midden tyke n. Obsolete ΚΠ a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 236 He barkis lyk an midding tyk. 1568 J. Rowll Cursing l. 204 in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1928) II. 283 Thair eiris neis ar lyk ane midding tyk. C2. midden cock n. = dunghill cock at dunghill n. and adj. Compounds 1b. ΚΠ 1756 M. Calderwood Lett. & Jrnls. (1884) 128 I saw the largest midden cock I think ever I saw. 1890 J. Service Thir Notandums 77 His wee three-cornered hat sittin' on three hairs like a bit midden cock on his heid. 1996 C. I. Macafee Conc. Ulster Dict. 222/1 Midden cock, a dunghill cock, a farmyard cockerel. † midden creel n. Obsolete a basket for carrying manure. ΚΠ 1792 R. Burns in J. Johnson Scots Musical Museum IV. 389 Her walie nieves like midden-creels. † midden crow n. English regional (northern) Obsolete the carrion crow, Corvus corone. ΚΠ 1829 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words (new ed.) 204 Midden Crow. 1831 J. Rennie Montagu's Ornithol. Dict. (ed. 2) 113 Black Neb. Corby Crow... Midden Crow. 1893 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Midden-crow, the carrion crow. midden fowl n. = dunghill fowl at dunghill n. and adj. Compounds 1b. ΚΠ 1895 Scottish Rev. Jan. 115 The poor tenant was compelled, therefore, to keep a huge stock of midden fowls which ate up his scanty crops and grain. 1900 H. G. Graham Social Life Scotl. 18th Cent. (1901) I. 6 The midden-fowls feasted and nursed their broods among nettles and docks. midden-head n. the upper part of a refuse heap. ΚΠ 1662 J. Lamont Diary (1830) 181 He was carried out and layd downe on a midden head. 1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess ii. 79 We's nae be heard upo' the midden head. 1823 J. Galt Ringan Gilhaize II. x. 104 Its roots of rankness are in the midden-head of Arminianism. 1932 Aberdeen Univ. Rev. Mar. 109 The gypit trash think 'at fat they dinna ken 's nae worth kennin' an' may as weel be flung i' the fire or o' the middenheid. 1974 Jrnl. Amer. Hist. 61 779 Even their smoldering midden-head was sited well away and downwind from the post. † midden hole n. Obsolete a place dug out to hold refuse. ΚΠ 1786 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 160 She..ran thro' midden-hole an' a'. 1879 G. W. Donald Poems (rev. ed.) 15 The auld ane t' the midden hole Was flung to bed the swine. † midden lair n. [ < midden n. + lair n.¹] Scottish Obsolete = middenstead n. ΚΠ 1692 in J. D. Marwick Rec. Convent. Royal Burghs Scotl. (1880) IV. 571 Item, a years [rent] of the midding lairs at the east and west ports 18 0 0. 1708 Council Reg. Aberdeen LVIII. 135 Ther was a piece of waste ground at the west end of the college croft..which wes presently midden lairs. † midden mavis n. Scottish Obsolete a person, esp. a woman, who gathers rags, etc. ΚΠ 1838 J. Ballantine in Whistle-Binkie 1st Ser. (ed. 2) 88 Ilk midden mavis, wee black jaudy, A' dread an' fear ye. 1856 G. Henderson Pop. Rhymes Berwick 83 Clarty Kirstan, midden mavis! Rub your gruntle wi' a docken. † midden mount n. Scottish Obsolete a mound of refuse. ΚΠ c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 259 The toun of Edinbrughe..raisit midding mountis at Hereotis wark. c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 272 The toun of Edinbrughe is veray diligent in making wp midding mountis and vther ingynes to defend the toun. midden pit n. a pit for holding refuse. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > sanitation > provision of sewers > sewage treatment > [noun] > use of cesspools or lagoons > cesspool or pit sink1413 midden pita1425 sinkhole1456 suspiralc1512 sentine1537 dung pit1598 muck pit1598 sinker1623 bumby1632 sump1680 sump hole1754 jaw-hole1760 recess1764 cesspool1783 dead-hole1856 soil-tank1861 cesspit1864 lagoon1909 sewage lagoon1930 a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 8770 Alle þis world,..War noght bot als a myddyng-pytt. 1832 R. Sharp Diary 23 Feb. (1997) 360 Plump he went partly on the Middin partly in the Middin pit. 1931 B. Bunting Sonatina in Compl. Poems (2000) 31 Praise the green earth. Chance has appointed her home, workshop, larder, middenpit. 1992 J. Torrington Swing Hammer Swing! xli. 387 In the Scabby's backcourt kingdom of rusting railings and midden pits, Vic'd been the undisputed monarch. † midden stance n. Obsolete = middenstead n. ΚΠ 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 654 This is easily effected by draining the ‘midden’ stance. 1853 H. Stephens Farmer's Guide 482/1 The midden-stance is not manured at all, and the earth is carefully shovelled up from it and carried away to another part of the field. † midden tuilyier n. Scottish Obsolete a person who fights over the midden, a quarrelsome person. ΚΠ 1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xiii. 113 Ane midding tuilȝour but manheid at assay. a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 440 Semdill..[is]..Ane mydding tulȝear in ane battell bydar. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1425
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