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单词 menace
释义

menacen.

Brit. /ˈmɛnᵻs/, U.S. /ˈmɛnəs/
Forms:

α. Middle English manaase, Middle English manaass, Middle English manacis (plural), Middle English manacys (plural), Middle English manasce, Middle English manase, Middle English manass, Middle English manasse, Middle English manece, Middle English menys, Middle English 1600s manesse, Middle English–1500s manace, Middle English–1500s manas, Middle English– menace, 1500s manacies (plural), 1500s manasshe, 1500s mannace, 1500s mannasshe, 1500s meanus, 1500s menasse, 1500s–1600s menacies (plural); Scottish pre-1700 manas, pre-1700 mannace, pre-1700 mannas, pre-1700 minace, pre-1700 minas.

β. Middle English manance, Middle English manauce (perhaps transmission error), Middle English manaunce (northern); Scottish pre-1700 manance, pre-1700 manans, pre-1700 mananss, pre-1700 mannance, pre-1700 mannans.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French menace.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman manace, menace, manasce, manasse, manance, manaunce, Old French, Middle French manace, menace (c880; French menace ) < post-classical Latin minacia threat (Vetus Latina; compare classical Latin mināciae , plural, only in Plautus) < classical Latin mināc- , minax threatening (see minacious adj. and n.) + -ia -ia suffix1. Compare Old Occitan menassa, Italian minaccia (13th cent.), Spanish †menaza, amenaza (both 13th cent.), Portuguese †meaça (14th cent.), ameaça (14th–15th cent.).In β. forms after -ance suffix; compare the Anglo-Norman forms manance , manaunce and the rhymes given at quot. 1508 at sense 1b. Plural forms in -ies , attested in the 16th and 17th centuries, are of uncertain analysis; compare minacy n.
1.
a. A declaration or indication of hostile intention, or of a probable evil or catastrophe; a threat. Now chiefly Law, except in with menaces (somewhat literary).The Larceny Act of 1861 made it a criminal offence to demand money ‘with Menaces’, and the phrase has been used in subsequent Acts dealing with similar offences.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > threat or threatening > [noun]
threatc1000
threating1046
threateningc1290
menacec1300
menacingc1385
shore1487
interminationa1530
minacitya1538
shoring1573
menacement1606
minacy1645
peril1892
Mau Mau1970
mau-mauing1970
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > threat or threatening > [noun] > a threat
menacec1300
menacec1350
minatory1572
c1300 Childhood Jesus (Laud) 1341 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1875) 1st Ser. 45 (MED) Non of heom ne hadde no space To par fourmi heore manace.
1344 Petition (P.R.O.) cxcii. 9580 Jon ne dorste neuereft come in to þat contreie..vor drede of deþ, vor þe luþere manaces of life & of lime..þt þe vorseid misdoeres dude jon.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. 1832 (MED) He bad hem trete, And stinte of the manaces grete.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 1834 (MED) For quils þat godd þam raght his grace, Littel roght þam of his manance [v.rr. manace].
?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 5032 He had mare drede of his trespas þan of þe Erlis manas.
1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope ii. xvi. 54 Somme maken grete menaces whiche haue no myghte.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cccxxvii. 207 b Suche wordes and manasshes abasshed greatly ye cardynals.
1565 T. Stapleton tr. Bede Hist. Church Eng. i. vii. f. 17v Saynt Albane..litle heeded the menacies [L. minas] of the Prince.
1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft ix. vii. 176 They stand in more awe of the manacies of a witch, than of all the threatnings..pronounced by God.
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear ii. 141 Menaces and maledictions against King and nobles. View more context for this quotation
1637 T. Nabbes Hannibal & Scipio ii. iv If Syphax Should againe suffer Scipio's menacies To fright his weaknesse out of this resolve!
1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity 281 Those powerful and affrightful words of Excommunication, that Menace of committing men to Hell-fire.
1682 N. O. tr. N. Boileau-Despréaux Lutrin iii. 134 And scorn their proudest braves, their stern Menaces! [rhyme faces].
1736 J. Kelly Fall of Bob i. 5 In Price, does Cow-heel rise; or Gibraltar, Does Spain demand, with Menaces of War?
1752 C. Lennox Female Quixote I. x. 50 You must also..appear before me again, pursue me to my Chamber, and use the most brutal Menaces to me.
1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. 120 A menace alone, without a consequent inconvenience, makes not the injury.
1821 Ld. Byron Marino Faliero (2nd issue) iv. i. 103 What means this menace?
1867 J. A. Froude Short Stud. (1883) IV. i. ix. 106 The fierce menace was delivered amidst frowning groups of..nobles.
1902 J. Conrad Heart of Darkness iii As though an animated image of death..had been shaking its hand with menaces at a motionless crowd of men.
1931 Morning Post 18 Feb. 5/1 The two men..could not be tried now on the charge of uttering a letter demanding money with menaces, as in both cases there were the same letters and substantially the same acts.
1990 D. Rutherford Game of Sudden Death (BNC) 317 The driver of the Vauxhall had got out of her car and was advancing with menaces.
b. In generalized use: the action of threatening; an implied threat, a danger.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > threat or threatening > [noun] > a threat
menacec1300
menacec1350
minatory1572
c1350 Apocalypse St. John: A Version (Harl. 874) (1961) 83 (MED) By þe reyn of heuene bitokneþ þe manace þat he manaceþ þe wicked proude.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 27439 He dredis manas or tresum.
?c1430 (c1400) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 63 A pore man þei constreynen to synne bi manas.
c1447 in J. Raine Inventories & Acct. Rolls Benedictine Houses Jarrow & Monk-Wearmouth (1854) App. 243 Wt mony other wirdis of menys.
1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. biiv Withoutin manance [rhymes legiance, plesance].
a1513 W. Dunbar Flyting in Poems (1998) I. 200 Had thay maid of mannace ony mynting.
1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall IV. xli. 141 The voice of menace and complaint was silent.
1797 A. Radcliffe Italian I. iii. 95 The Marchese persisted in accusation and menace.
1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People viii. §2. 477 The English fleet..was cruising by way of menace off the Spanish coast.
1940 E. Hemingway For whom Bell Tolls xiii. 173 There was a spreading, though, as a cobra's hood spreads. He could feel this. He could feel the menace of the spreading.
1957 W. S. Churchill Hist. Eng.-speaking Peoples III. vii iii. 28 But every day the menace from France was growing plainer.
1987 S. Bellow More die of Heartbreak 42 His blue eyes still had force enough to fix you with menace.
†c. Phrase to make (much, great, no) menace. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) vii. 13 (MED) He shal shew hys vengeaunce; he made hys manaces, and he dyted hem.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 28517 (MED) In gang, in chere, in contenance, Þat i to men ha mad manace.
c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure 3383 All hir mode chaungede, And mad myche manace with meruayllous wordez.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xvii. 664 Thai..gret mananss till him mais.
1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. b And mak him na manance bot al mesoure.
1637 J. Milton Comus 22 Though he and his curst crew Feirce signe of battaile make, and menace high.
d. A danger or threat attributed to an impersonal agent.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > [noun]
plighteOE
hauhtc1200
peril?c1225
wothea1300
werea1325
jeopardyc1374
menacea1400
thronga1400
jeopardc1400
unplighta1425
dangering1488
danger1490
periclitation1527
trance1588
apperila1616
periclitancy1650
imperilment1843
a1400 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 70 (MED) Þese nettes þat þai are taken Inne are manasses & snybbyngus of hore synne.
?a1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. i. met. iv. 6 The rage ne the manaces [v.rr. manesses, manace] of þe see..ne schal nat moeve that man.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ix, in tr. Virgil Wks. 465 The dark Menace of the distant War.
1824 Ld. Byron Deformed Transformed i. ii. 195 Wilt thou Turn back from shadowy menaces of shadows?
1841 G. P. R. James Corse de Leon I. i. 15 If yonder frowning cloud fulfil one half its menaces.
1871 F. T. Palgrave Lyrical Poems 19 The sudden war and menace of the skies.
1900 J. Conrad Lord Jim i. 7 The tumult and the menace of wind and sea now appeared very contemptible to Jim.
1954 Life 19 Apr. 26/1 Even the menace of Communism..has not terrorized its Western prey like frozen rabbits.
1998 Boxing Monthly June 18/1 A new move by the British Boxing Board of Control to combat the menace of dehydration.
2.
a. A phenomenon, person, etc., that threatens danger or catastrophe. Also, in weakened sense: something which constitutes an inconvenience, annoyance, or irritation. Frequently with to.red menace: see red adj. and n. Compounds 1f(b)(i).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > threat or threatening > [noun] > that which threatens
thunder-cloud1783
menace1851
the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > [noun] > misfortune or ill-luck > causing or bringing misfortune > one who or that which > that which threatens misfortune
thunder-cloud1783
menace1851
1851 ‘L. Mariotti’ Italy in 1848 vi. 373 It was an insult to the republicans..; it was a menace to the aristocracy of Turin.
1855 R. Browning Statue & Bust in Men & Women I. 163 Each wind that comes from the Apennine Is a menace to her tender youth.
1894 Chicago Advance 3 May A menace, a nuisance all along the line of their trampage.
1940 J. F. Kennedy Why Eng. Slept i. 5 In our study of the conversion of Britain from a disarmament psychology to one of rearmament, we will see how Hitler gradually came to be considered a greater menace than..an unbalanced budget.
1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio ii. 39 Retractable ball-point pens can be a menace.
1986 Punch 18 June (Summer No.) 21/3 The wild-life is a menace..racoons..can scoff a pound of sausages..in the time it takes..to find your flashlight.
b. colloquial. A troublesome or irritating person. Cf. nuisance n. 2c.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > harmful person > [noun]
scatheOE
plaguea1450
wounder1483
pestilenta1530
harmer1583
wronger1591
griever1598
injurier1598
injurer1611
nuisancer1769
vitriolizer1882
menace1936
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [noun] > a harmful thing or person > pestilential
starveOE
starvec1225
plaguea1450
pestilenta1530
mischief1586
nuisancer1769
Typhoid Mary1913
menace1936
1936 D. Carnegie How to win Friends 63 A few doors down the street lived a ‘menace’, as they say out in Hollywood—a bigger boy who would pull the little boy off his tricycle and ride it himself.
1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §583/16 Villain.. menace.
1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §636/23 Formidable opponent.. menace.
1944 J. H. Fullarton Troop Target iii. xiii. 95 That B.S.M.'s a bloody menace.
1986 D. Carey Dreadnought vi. 179 ‘And you're a menace’, I told him.
1993 J. Critchley Floating Voter (BNC) 96 ‘That girl!’ she sighed on her return. ‘She's a real menace.’
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

menacev.

Brit. /ˈmɛnᵻs/, U.S. /ˈmɛnəs/
Forms:

α. Middle English manaase, Middle English manaasse, Middle English manas, Middle English manasce, Middle English manashe, Middle English mancede (past tense), Middle English manece, Middle English manes, Middle English maneshud (past tense), Middle English mansed (past tense), Middle English manyce, Middle English manysche, Middle English manyshyd (past tense), Middle English maunese, Middle English meanashe, Middle English–1500s manase, Middle English–1500s manasse, Middle English–1500s manasshe, Middle English–1500s manesse, Middle English–1500s mannasse, Middle English–1500s manysshe, Middle English–1600s manace, Middle English– menace, 1500s–1600s minace; Scottish pre-1700 manace, pre-1700 manas, pre-1700 manasse, pre-1700 maneis, pre-1700 manes, pre-1700 manis, pre-1700 manisch, pre-1700 manisse, pre-1700 mannais, pre-1700 mannas, pre-1700 mannays, pre-1700 manneis, pre-1700 mannes, pre-1700 mannesch, pre-1700 mannese, pre-1700 mannies, pre-1700 mannis, pre-1700 manniss, pre-1700 mannys, pre-1700 manyse, pre-1700 manyssyche, pre-1700 maynysse, pre-1700 menas, pre-1700 menasse, pre-1700 minace, pre-1700 minasce, pre-1700 minase, pre-1700 minasse, pre-1700 minis, pre-1700 monas, pre-1700 mynace, pre-1700 mynasse, pre-1700 1700s– menace.

β. English regional (northern) Middle English manance, Middle English manaunce, Middle English manaunse, Middle English manaunze; Scottish pre-1700 manals, pre-1700 manance, pre-1700 manans, pre-1700 mannance, pre-1700 mannans.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French menacer.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman manacer, manancer, manauncer, manasser, manascer, manascier, manaser, manaszer, manecer, manezer and Middle French, French menacer (1380; early 12th cent. in Old French), cognate with Old Occitan menassar (late 11th cent.), Spanish amenazar , †menazar (both 13th cent.), Italian minacciare (a1294), Portuguese ameaçar (1383), Romanian ameninţa , all < a vulgar Latin derivative of post-classical Latin minacia menace n. Compare post-classical Latin manatiare (8th cent. in the Reichenau Glosses).With the β. forms compare Anglo-Norman manancer , manauncer and also β forms s.v. menace n.
†1.
a. transitive. To hold out as a punishment, penalty, or danger; to threaten to inflict. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c1350 Apocalypse St. John: A Version (Harl. 874) (1961) 83 (MED) By þe reyn of heuene bitokneþ þe manace þat he manaceþ þe wicked proude.
a1400 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Hatton 12) in Eng. Writings (1931) 5 Now manassand helle tille wicked.
c1480 (a1400) Seven Sleepers 51 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 427 Þame manesand ded in þat place.
1529 T. More Dialogue Heresyes iv, in Wks. 265/2 God, yt manasseth vnto them y paines of hel.
1621 G. Sandys tr. Ovid First Five Bks. Metamorphosis v. 117 Such as menace warre.
1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 219 Their eyes..and their brandishing forked tongues,..menaces [sic] a horrid death.
1822 J. M. Good Study Med. IV. 182 The chief symptoms menacing abortion are transitory pains in the back [etc.].
1854 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity III. vii. iii. 198 No threatened excommunication is now menaced.
b. transitive. With infinitive or clause as object. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 9 (MED) Þe schap of seynt Odo..manassed þat he schulde deie.
c1480 (a1400) St. Agnes 123 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 349 He..manesit hire to bet & bynd.
1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Denuntio To manase that he will bryng him before a iudge.
1620 F. Quarles Feast for Wormes i. sig. Cv Great Ashur minaces with whip in hand, To entertaine thee (welcome) to his land.
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. i. 12 The Riuer Tyber..often Manasseth to drowne the whole Mansions.
1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xxxiv. 308 He had in fact..done what he menaced to do.
1883 J. Martine Reminisc. Royal Burgh Haddington 73 The solitary dissentient was menacing to leave the meeting-house.
2. To utter or hold out threats against; to threaten; to be a threat to.
†a. transitive. With infinitive or clause, expressing the threatened fate of the object. (In early use also: to warn, enjoin.) Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > threat or threatening > threaten (evil, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > make threats against
threata1000
threatenc1290
menacec1384
menacea1400
menacec1400
shorec1475
boasta1522
worrya1556
threapen1559
bravea1619
bethreatened1635
braveer1652
bay1796
comminate1801
bravo1831
mau-mau1970
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) Mark iii. 12 Gretely he manasside [L. comminabatur] hem, that thei shulden nat make hym opyn, or knowen.
c1390 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 14th Cent. (1924) 147 (MED) Wel þou wost..Þat deþ haþ manast þe to dye.
1429 Rolls of Parl. IV. 345/2 [They] hem maneshud to bee dede if they made any resistence.
a1450 (c1412) T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum (Harl. 4866) (1897) 5292 Thi self manaseth þi self for to dye.
?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 118 The payens..toke hym and menaced hym to stone hym vnto deth.
?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1879) VII. 9 (MED) Elsinus..see an ymage of blissede Odo to rebuke hym and manassenge hym to dye.
1581 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1814) III. 222 To manas thair seruandis to leve thair seruice.
b. transitive. Without infinitive. (The prevailing use.) Also with with.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > threat or threatening > threaten (evil, etc.) [verb (transitive)]
threata1000
threaten1297
threapen1340
menacea1400
shorec1475
interminatea1631
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > threat or threatening > threaten (evil, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > make threats against
threata1000
threatenc1290
menacec1384
menacea1400
menacec1400
shorec1475
boasta1522
worrya1556
threapen1559
bravea1619
bethreatened1635
braveer1652
bay1796
comminate1801
bravo1831
mau-mau1970
a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 3681 Ȝyf þou any man manasse Þurgh force or power þat þou hasse.
1472–3 Rolls of Parl. VI. 54/1 The said Thomas Trethewy and Elizabeth his wyfe..have thretted and manassed the Tenauntes.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xi. 150 Thai..Mannansit [1489 Adv. manansyt] the Scottis men halely With gret vordis.
a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) xvii. 10 God manaunsid thaim with hell.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. xxvii. 40 These infidels sore dyd manysshe Christendome.
1545 in R. Renwick Extracts Rec. Stirling (1887) I. 41 Contrair the will of the wache, manisand and boistand thaim.
1632 T. Heywood Iron Age iii. sig. F3v The boldest Greeke That euer manac'd Troy.
1660 G. Mackenzie Aretina 429 I went to that old Baud, and menaced her with the discovery of her wickedness, if she dismist not that young Lady.
1740 C. Cibber Apol. Life C. Cibber xi. 209 When he is compell'd, or menac'd into any Opinion that he does not readily conceive.
1776 A. Smith Let. 22 Aug. in Corr. (1977) clxvi. 206 You should not menace Strahan with the loss of anything in case he does not publish your work within a certain time.
1828 T. B. Macaulay Hallam's Constit. Hist. in Edinb. Rev. Sept. 101 Her subjects were incited to rebellion; her life was menaced.
1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge xvii. 25 ‘Hear me,’ he replied, menacing her with his hand.
1929 E. L. Rice Street Scene ii. 185 (stage direct.) A man..comes stealthily up behind him, but Maurrant senses his presence in time, wheels quickly, menaces the man with his revolver, then rushes down the cellar steps.
1993 N.Y. Times 18 Jan. a8/1 The missile battery menaced allied warplanes patrolling the no-flight zone in northern Iraq.
c. transitive. With an impersonal agent as subject.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > threat or threatening > threaten (evil, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > make threats against
threata1000
threatenc1290
menacec1384
menacea1400
menacec1400
shorec1475
boasta1522
worrya1556
threapen1559
bravea1619
bethreatened1635
braveer1652
bay1796
comminate1801
bravo1831
mau-mau1970
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xiii. 6 How þat elde manaced [v.r. mansed] me.
1483 W. Caxton tr. Caton 4 How the foure elementes menace alle men that [etc.].
?1614 W. Drummond Sonnet: Sweet Brooke in Poems High Woods whose mounting tops menace the Spheares.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Richard III (1623) i. iv. 167 Your eyes do menace me: why looke you pale?
1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 306 These evils are great... Sooner or later they may menace the nation itself. View more context for this quotation
1840 T. B. Macaulay Ld. Clive in Ess. (1851) II. 523 A new and formidable danger menaced the western frontier.
1908 E. M. Forster Room with View xiii. 209 No definite problem menaced her, but she sighed to herself, ‘Oh dear, what shall I do, what shall I do?’
1988 A. Storr School of Genius i. 11 We are menaced by the possibility of a nuclear holocaust.
3. intransitive. To utter threats; to be threatening (also figurative); to be a menace.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > threat or threatening > threaten [verb (intransitive)]
threaten1297
threatc1300
menacec1384
meanc1425
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Royal) 1 Pet. ii. 23 Whan he suffride, he manaside not.
?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. 8734 So long he manaced & þrette.
?1435 ( J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 633 A sturdy champeoun..proudely gan manace.
a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) ii. iv. 74 Furtht drawin haldis this subtell hors of tree, And manysand strydis throw the myd cietie.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) i. iii. 44 Who euer knew the Heauens menace so? View more context for this quotation
1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Of Pythagorean Philos. in Fables 504 'Twas Death to go away, And the God menac'd if he dar'd to stay.
1775 E. Burke Speech Amer. Taxation 36 Earth below shook; heaven above menaced.
1858 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (ed. 2) III. xii. 1 It was idle to menace while he was unable to strike.
1990 J. Gerhart Intrepid Traveller 8 Two dozen outlaw motorcycles sat menacing and taunting.
†4. transitive. To use threateningly. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης iii. 23 Swords and Pistols cockt and menac'd in the hands of about three hundred..Ruffians.

Derivatives

ˈmenaceable adj. rare capable of being put down by threats.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > threat or threatening > [adjective] > assailed by threats > able to be
menaceable1864
1864 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia IV. xvi. vii. 339 The mal-practice seems to have proved menaceable in that manner.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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