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maren.1 Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymons: English mearh, mīre. Etymology: A merging of two distinct words: Old English mearh horse and Old English mīre, mȳre mare. (i) (Represented by the α. forms) Old English mearh (strong masculine, inflected forms mēar- or, by analogical replacement, mear- ) ‘horse’, whose surviving instances occur chiefly in poetry, is cognate with Old Frisian mar , Middle Low German mar- (only in marschalk marshal n., marstal stables), Old High German marah (Middle High German marc , march (strong neuter) ‘warhorse’, German regional (Upper Adige) March jade, German Mar- , only in Marschall marshal n., Marstall stables), Old Icelandic marr (Icelandic (archaic) mar ), Old Danish mar , and the first element in several East Germanic personal names (Gothic (Visigothic) Marafredus , Gothic (Ostrogothic) Marabadus (6th cent.), Burgundian Marherio (10th cent.)) < a Germanic base, cognate with several forms in the Celtic languages (compare Gaulish μάρκαν accusative singular (Pausanias 10. 19), Early Irish marc , Welsh march horse, stallion, Old Cornish march (Cornish margh ), Old Breton marh (Breton marc'h )); further etymology uncertain: perhaps ultimately cognate with Sanskrit marya- young man, stallion (compare discussion s.v. marry v.). The Germanic word was apparently borrowed into Finnish, compare the first element of Finnish marhain rein, marhaminta halter; a theory that the Germanic word itself is a borrowing < Celtic is doubtful. (ii) (Represented by the β. forms) Old English (West Saxon) mīre , mȳre (weak feminine) ‘mare’, is cognate with Old Frisian merrie , Middle Dutch mērie , merrie (Dutch merrie ), Old Saxon meriha (Middle Low German mēre , mērie ), Old High German merha , meriha (Middle High German merhe also as derogatory term for a woman (compare sense 2b), German Mähre jade), Old Icelandic merr (strong feminine; Icelandic meri mare, jade, also as derogatory term for a woman), Old Swedish mär (Swedish märr mare, jade, also as derogatory term for a woman), Danish regional mær jade, Danish mær only as derogatory term for a woman < a Germanic feminine derivative of the base of Old English mearh . Whereas the masculine word has all but died out in the various Germanic languages, its feminine derivative retains its vigour. The γ. forms represent later reflexes of Old English mearh and (in inflected forms, with loss of -h and compensatory lengthening) mear- (giving ă and ā respectively in Middle English); the δ. forms represent a mixture of reflexes from different sources: Old English mēar- (the regular inflected form of mearh; giving long open ē in Middle English); Old English (Anglian) merh and (in inflected forms) mēr-, mer- (smoothed forms of mearh; giving ĕ, long close ē, and long open ē respectively in Middle English); Old English (Anglian) mēre (giving long close ē in Middle English); and Old English (West Saxon) mȳre (giving occasional spellings with -u- in Middle English). In current British regional use pronunciations with base vowel /ɛː/ are general in southern and central England ( Surv. Eng. Dial. also records a few isolated examples with diphthongized /aɪ/ in Hampshire: perhaps a reflex of Old English (West Saxon) mīre), while in the north of England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland pronunciations with base vowel /iː/ are common.In Middle English, from at least the 13th cent., γ. forms occur in the sense ‘female horse’, while δ. forms occur in the generic sense ‘horse’. The latter sense (irrespective of form) died out at the end of the Middle English period (compare note at sense 1). By the end of the 16th cent. the γ form mare had wholly supplanted the δ. forms in standard English. I. Senses relating to the animal. the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > equus caballus or horse > [noun] α. OE 1035 Heht ða eorla hleo eahta mearas fætedhleore on flet teon. OE Aldhelm Glosses (Digby 146) in A. S. Napier (1900) 1/1 Cornipede : i. equo, wicgce, meare. 2. the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > [noun] > female the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by gender or age > [noun] > female > mare β. eOE tr. Bede (Tanner) iii. xii. 196 Cwist ðu þaet þe sy leofre þære myran sunu þonne þæt Godes bearn? OE (1955) 75 Equa, mere. the world > people > person > woman > [noun] c1387–95 G. Chaucer 691 I trowe he were a geldyng or a mare. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng (Harl.) 7980 (MED) Shame hyt ys..To be kalled ‘a prestes mare’. 1568 (a1508) W. Kennedy Flyting (Bannatyne) in (1998) I. 209 This Dewlbeir, generit of a meir of Mar, Wes Corspatrik, erle of Merche. 1628 II. 18 June He hard Elspet Patersone call Elspet Mill whore & fals theiff swollin meir. 1708 in J. Roberts i. 24 But why the Devil should I care, Since I can find another Mare? 1846 W. E. Brockett (ed. 3) II. (at cited word) Mare, Used among the lowest women of Newcastle. 1922 J. Joyce ii. x. [Wandering Rocks] 225 She's a gamey mare and no mistake. 1953 C. W. Ogle in 43 Forgot her keys! Bah! These mares give me the creeps. 1990 E. W. Rukuza 124 This mare is gonna need mounting. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 135 The grettest clerkes been noght the wisest men As whilom to the wolf thus spak the mare. c1440 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell (1845) II. 281 (MED) As wyfes makis bargans, a horse for a mare, Thay lefe ther the febille and brynges ham the freche ware. 1546 J. Heywood ii. i. sig. Fiiv Of auncient fathers she toke no cure nor care. She was to them, as koy as a crokers mare. 1546 J. Heywood ii. vi. sig. Iii This byteth the mare by the thumbe, as they sey. 1568 A. Scott (1896) i. 142 The heidismen hes ‘cor mundum’ in þair mouth, Bot nevir wt mynd to gif þe man his meir. 1568 ( D. Lindsay Satyre (Bannatyne) l. 1775 in (1931) II. 84 Now, be the gud lady that did me beir, That samyn horss is my awin meir. 1600 W. Shakespeare iii. iii. 47 The man shall haue his mare again. View more context for this quotation 1600 W. Shakespeare ii. i. 43 How now, whose mare's dead? whats the matter? View more context for this quotation 1606 N. Breton sig. I4v Can seeme as sober as a Millers Mare, And can not blush at any villany. 1611 R. Cotgrave A desprouveu, at vnawares..vnlooked for; napping, as Mosse tooke his Mare. 1659 J. Howell Prov. Eng. Toung 6/2 in (1660) Money makes the grey Mare to go. 1698 3 [Money] Makes the old Wife trot, and makes the Mare to go. 1748 S. Richardson IV. xxxii. 187 The House of Commons..has the giving of money: And Money makes the mare to go. 1827 T. Creevey in H. Maxwell (1904) II. 123 No tidings of the Beau yet! but he must have his mare again. 1853 17 Dec. 366/2 A riding-whip, and a bag of coin forming a help yet more likely to make the mare to go. 1890 61 The blind mear's first in the mire. 1920 W. Stevens 16 May (1967) 219 My Irish friends..might object to my worshipping the principle of things instead of the stuff that makes the mare go round. 1978 Spring 193 Never cock your snoop at money, my lass, 'cos it's money that makes the mare to go. II. Extended uses. 3. Scottish. 1564–5 in R. Adam (1899) II. 205 For making of ane mear to beir the morter in, viij d. 1629 in J. Imrie & J. G. Dunbar (1982) II. 303 The thrie meiris for lyme. 1677 (McLeod's Bundle) 39 To forge all mears scubitts and other tooles neidfull for the meilling house. 1821 W. Liddle 43 The builders o' the babel tow'r, An' thae wha bure the mortar mear. 1823 W. Tennant v. iv. 155 I think I set my apron and my mare as weel as you your apparel. 1841 508 Meir,..a hod. society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > specific parts built or constructed > [noun] > framework > temporary 1651 in R. Renwick (1889) II. 306 For half a hunder nailles to mak the meare. a1779 D. Graham (c1800) 13 How will you know the bones of a mason's mare..amongst the bones of a hundred dead horses? Because they are made of wood. 1821 J. Galt xxxvi. 295 The three were seated aloft, on a high stage, prepared on purpose, with two mares and scaffold-deals, borrowed from Mr Trowel the mason. 1929 J. Alexander 170 An' ye hid as mony aul' barrows an' mason's meers set up to haud the rope aff o' the grun'. 4. With the implication of a metaphorical ‘riding’. (See also Shanks' (or Shanks's) mare, pony at shank n. 1b.) society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > hanging > [noun] > gallows 1568 U. Fulwell C iv This peece of land wherto you inheritours are: Is called the land of the two legged mare. 1685 in (1885) V. 600 Should it..be his Fate (as needs he must fear) To leap from low Pillory up the Mare, She'll swear she had never such rider before. 1694 P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais iv. 14 The two or three-legg'd Mare that groans for them. 1834 W. H. Ainsworth II. iii. v. 352 Here's to the three leg'd mare. 1834 W. H. Ainsworth II. iii. v. 361 For the Mare-with-three-legs, boys, I care not a rap. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > children's game > other children's games > [noun] > others 1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Oscillatio.., a kind of gambol called the haltering of Hix mare. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > children's game > other children's games > [noun] > see-sawing a1529 J. Skelton (?1545) sig. A.vi Let se who that dare Sho the mockysshe mare.] a1586 Sir P. Sidney (1590) ii. xxiv. sig. Ee3v Bestriding the mast, I gat..towards him, after such a manner as boies are wont (if euer you saw that sport) when they ride the wild mare. 1609 R. Armin sig. D1v Christmas gambuls, father, shooing the wilde mare. 1611 R. Cotgrave at Baccoler To play at titter-totter, or at totter-arse; to ride the wild Mare; as children who sitting vpon both ends of a long Pole, or Timber-log (supported only in the middle) lift one another vp and downe. a1625 J. Fletcher Womans Prize ii. iv, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher (1647) sig. Ooooo/2 She should ride the wild Mare once a week, she should. c1650 J. Spalding (1850) I. 295 He..syne rode the meir, to his gryte hurt and pane. 1680 J. Speed 5 Our Batt can..play..At..Shooing the wild Mare. 1824 J. Mactaggart 426 Shoing the Auld Mare, a dangerous kind of sport; a beam of wood is slung between two ropes, [etc.]. ?a1873 F. Madden in (1903) IV. 35/2 A play among boys, wherein the person who acts the mare, slides over the shoulders of several others, who are linked together; and is strapped with leathern aprons, and such like, all the while he is getting over them. 1901 R. C. Maclagan 197 Crudhadh an Capuill Bhain, or An Lair Bhreabain..‘Shoeing the White Mare’ or ‘The Kicking Mare’. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > wrestling > [noun] > manoeuvres 1602 R. Carew i. f. 76 Many sleights and tricks appertaine hereunto [sc. ‘wrastling’].. Such are the Trip, fore-Trip,..the Mare, and diuers other like. 1612 M. Drayton i. 6 Or by the girdles graspt, they practise with the hip, The forward, backward, falx, the mare, the turne, the trip. 1713 T. Parkyns 9 [Wrestling.] Then go to the Flying Mare, and if he stops that, give him your Elbow under his Chin. 1754 S. Foote i. 12 We don't wrestle after your fashion..we all go upon close Hugs or the flying Mare. 1863 W. Thornbury III. 40 An old wrestling trick, well known as ‘the flying mare’. 1900 A. E. T. Watson 644 The principal chips associated with catch as catch can wrestling are the double Nelson,..the heave, the Lancashire lock, the flying mare. 1910 2 Feb. 8/2 But while on his knees Rose played for and got a superb ‘flying mare’ upon Olsen. 1670 T. Blount (ed. 3) (at cited word) To cry the mare is an antient custom in Herefordshire, viz. when each husbandman is reaping the last of his Corn, the work-men leave a few blades standing, and ty the tops of them together, which is Mare, and then stand at a distance, and then throw their Siccles at it, and he that cuts the knot has the prize [etc.]. 1772 in J. Brand (1777) 308 The reapers tie together the tops of the last blades of corn which is mare. 1841 C. H. Hartshorne Gloss. 499 They cryden the mar awhile I was thire, becos yo sin we'den done harrast fust. 1883 C. S. Burne 373 Crying, calling, or shouting the mare, is a ceremony performed by the men of that farm which is the first in any parish or district to finish the harvest. 1912 E. M. Leather ix. 104 As for the mare, or last sheaf, it was carefully plaited in a variety of ways, and hung up in a farm-house kitchen..to be kept till next harvest for luck. 1966 G. E. Evans xix. 192 Probably the most outstanding ceremony of Crying the Mare which used to be practised in Herefordshire. Here the Mare was directly linked with the Corn Spirit. 1996 R. Hutton xxxiii. 338 Where there was neither a pronounced stigma nor a pronounced virtue attached to the sheaf, more neutral terms were used, such as..‘the Mare’ (in Welsh, ‘Y Fedi’) in Hertfordshire, Shropshire, Herefordshire, and most of Wales. Compounds C1. a. Appositive. c1350 Nominale (Cambr. Ee.4.20) in (1906) 22* Stede mere and merecolt. 1532 J. Catvoord in F. W. Weaver (1890) 74 A bullock of one yere hold, and a mare colte. 1787 G. Washington (1925) III. 155 A sorrel mare colt 1 year old. 1809 2nd Ser. 2 309 Horse-colts and mare-colts. 1967 H. Orton & M. F. Wakelin IV. i. 295 Q[uestion]. And (what do you call the young horse) when a female?.. [Somerset] Mare-colt. ?1530 J. Fitzherbert (rev. ed.) f. xxx At the folynge tyme I haue vpon one daye a hors fole, & on the nexte day or seconde a mare fole. 1609 Brechin Test. III. in f. 29 Ane meir foill pryce x. lib. 1967 H. Orton & M. F. Wakelin IV. i. 295 Q[uestion]. And (what do you call the young horse) when a female?.. [Surrey] Mare-foal. 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault i. xxx. 200 The mare-mules are..longer liuers then the horse-mules. 1781 T. Jefferson 12 Dec. (1997) I. 507 Recd...a horse mule..and a mare mule. 1885 R. F. Burton tr. I. xxv. 263 He came up, riding a mare-mule. b. 1578 Edinb. Test. VI. f. 167, in at Mere, Meir Ane meir staig price vj merkis. 1595 in W. Fraser (1890) III. 137 Ane meir..ane meir stag..ane vther wark meir. 1624 Brechin Test. IV. in f. 160 v Ane ȝeir auld meir staige iiij li. 1692 in C. M. Armet (1953) II. 461 . C2. a. General attributive. 1709 No. 4603/4 A..Gelding,..with a thickish Mare Head. 2002 (Usenet newsgroup) 24 Nov. (title) Virginia the Horse-Leech, the Lamp-Eyed Mare Head. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 319v Mare mylk is moche y-liche to camel melk. ?a1425 (Egerton) (1889) 124 (MED) Þai sette þer apon..a coupe full of mere mylke. b. Objective. 1847 G. Grote III. ii. xvii. 317 Other tribes..whom the poet knows as milk-eaters and mare-milkers. 1776 564 The severity of our laws against Mare-stealing [earlier eds. Mare-stealers]. 1887 in freepages.history.rootsweb.com 11 May (2004) (O.E.D. Archive) This day the attorney-general presented to court an indictment against James Orr for ‘mare stealing’ and for stealing money, notes and other valuable papers. c. Similative. 1655 117 [A horse] if his face be fat, cloudy or skouling, his forehead flat as a trencher, (which we call Mare-faced)..all are signes of deformity. 1685 No. 2036/8 A light dapple Gray Gelding,..long pasternd,..and a little Mare-fac'd. 1999 Re: Brief Course on Seahorses in alt.books.stephen-king (Usenet newsgroup) 11 May The seahorse never leaves his young..While his mare-faced wife is out and about. 1684 No. 1950/4 A Black Nag, about 14 hands high,..Mareheaded, and Rat-tailed. 1950 O. St. J. Gogarty xix. 236 Once you become a trash can for the soul of Ireland, the Marshioness, the Mare-headed, will get you surely. d. the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > grassland > [noun] > pasture > horse pasture 1523 J. Fitzherbert iii. f. 3 A horse grasse or a mare grasse maye be dere ynoughe twelfe pens or twentie pens by ye yere. the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by gender or age > [noun] > male > stallion or stud-horse > rutting, covering, or performance at stud 1589 A. Fleming tr. Virgil Georgiks iii. 41 in A. Fleming tr. Virgil Th' horsmasters earnest be Before the time (of mareroiling). the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by gender or age > [adjective] > going after mares c1275 (?c1250) (Calig.) (1935) 496 (MED) Þe sulue stottes ine þe stode Boþ boþe wilde & mere-wode. 1533 T. Elyot i. f. 23v Whan he was yonge, he was so mare wode that no man mought ride him. 1613 S. Purchas vi. i. 464 In the Spring they are mare-wood. 1655 T. Ady 64 Then began the Boy to snort, and neigh, and stamp, very much resembling a wilde marwood Horse. C3. Compounds with mare's. 1648 W. Poole i. xxix. 10 (heading) To helpe the Mares evill. 1649 xxv. sig. G2 For the Mares Evill. a1825 R. Forby (1830) Mare's-fat, Inula dysenterica Lin. c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland (Trin. Cambr. R.3.14) C. f. 46v (MED) Marie maudeleyn be meris mylk lyuede. 1598 R. Hakluyt I. 97 Their drinke called Cosmos, which is mares milke. 1723 in tr. F. C. Weber I. i. 276 Kumis, a sort of Brandy drawn off from Mares-milk. 1832 W. F. Tolmie (1963) 82 Mare's milk among the Tartars..is presented to strangers as an assurance of hospitality. 1965 E. L. Myles ii. ii. 195 The child was extremely fussy and at last her anxious parents tried her on a diet of Mare's milk. On this she throve. the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by gender or age > [noun] > male eOEMyran sunu [see sense 2aβ. ]. c1300 (Laud) (1868) 2504 (MED) Þei garte bringe þe mere sone..And bunden him rith at hire tayl. a1470 T. Malory (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 429 For thoughe a marys sonne hath fayled me now, yette a quenys sonne shall nat fayle the! a1470 T. Malory (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) II. 463 I calle me never the worse knyght, though a marys sonne hath fayled me. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). maren.2 Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Middle Dutch māre (Dutch regional mare ; > Old French (Picardy) mare > French -mar in cauchemar nightmare; Anglo-Norman mare (in an isolated attestation) is, however, probably < English), Old Saxon māra (Middle Low German mār , māre ), Old High German mara (Middle High German mar , mare , German (regional) Mahr ), Old Icelandic mara (Icelandic mara ), Old Swedish mara (Swedish mara ), Old Danish maræ (Danish mare ) < a Germanic base which is cognate with the first element of Early Irish morrigain queen of the elves (and probably also the first element of the Gaulish personal name Moritasgus in Caesar De Bello Gallico 5. 54), and with the second element of Russian kikimora nocturnal apparition, female house-spirit, Polish zmora (earlier mora ) nightmare, Czech můra nightmare, moth, Bulgarian mora nightmare. Compare nightmare n.The Old English noun is feminine in gender, as are the North Germanic cognates; some variation in gender between masculine and feminine is found among West Germanic cognates. In addition to the forms listed above a number of unusual early Old English forms are attested in gloss collections preserved only in continental manuscripts: mera , merae (with -e- perhaps written for -æ- , or perhaps showing confusion with mare n.1; a confusion perhaps in evidence already in quot. eOE2 at sense 1a); miere (perhaps again showing confusion with mare n.1); and, more corruptly, mĕnae, myene. 1. the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > evil spirit or demon > [noun] > nightmare or nocturnal demon the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of being eerie > [noun] > nightmare or incubus eOE (1974) 30 Incuba, mera uel satyrus. eOE (1890) 67/1 Incuba, maere. eOE (Royal) (1865) i. lxiv. 140 Gif mon mare ride, genim elehtran & garleac. eOE (Royal) (1865) iii. i. 306 Hi beoþ gode wiþ..nihtgengan & lencten adle & maran. a1325 St. Michael (Corpus Cambr.) 228 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill (1956) 409 (MED) Hi of liggeþ men þat me clupeþ þe mare. (Harl. 221) 326 Mare, or nyȝhte mare, epialtes. c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker (1884) I. 597/37 The mare i. Epialtes. 1562 W. Bullein Bk. Use Sicke Men f. lxx, in The verie cause is, liyng or slepyng on their backe. And not through the Mare, or night spirit, as thei term it. 1565 T. Cooper (at cited word) Ephialtes, the disease called the maare. a1585 A. Montgomerie Flyting with Polwart (Tullibardine) 313 in (1910) 152 Þe mair, the migram, þe mureill, þe melt. 1626 F. Bacon §966 The Incubus, which we call the Mare. 1627 M. Drayton Nimphidia in 118 And Mab..by night Bestrids young Folks that lye vpright, (In elder Times the Mare that hight). 1883 J. R. Tudor 161 An' made da mare Ta swear: 'At she should never Bide a' night. the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [noun] a1529 J. Skelton (?1530) sig. Diiiv Nowe then goo we hens, away the mare. a1536 A ij Tush, syr, be mery, let pas awey the mare. 1611 in T. Ravenscroft sig. C3v Eigh ho, away the Mare, let vs set aside all care. the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > evil spirit or demon > [noun] > female (Harl. 221) 326 Mare, or wyche, magus, maga, sagana. a1529 J. Skelton (?1545) sig. A.iiiv From Medusa that mare That lyke a fende doth stare. the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > evil spirit or demon > [noun] 1981 J. Lees-Milne Diary 23 Apr. in (2003) 143 Had terrible night of 'mares and headache. 1994 Re: Gifviewer for Mac in alt.geek (Usenet newsgroup) 2 Nov. I'm having a mare trying to convert Sun gifs to mac format. 1996 (Nexis) 8 July (Suppl.) 6 Leinster have been experiencing what is commonly known as ‘a bit of a mare’. The heebie-geebies began last Sunday with a 50 Overs League final loss to The Hills. 1997 (Nexis) 26 June 15 With Hedblom having a 'mare of a season..and Jacquelin..out of his depth, it's time to raid the piggy bank. 1997 7 Dec. (Eire Sport section) 11 ‘It was a three-hour op, under a local, bit of a 'mare actually’, he says. Compounds C1. General attributive. the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > evil spirit or demon > [noun] > female 1638 J. Ford iv. 53 Out Mare-hagge moyle; avaunt. C2. 1825 J. Jamieson Suppl. (at cited word) Mare-stane, a rough stone, resembling the stone-hatchet in shape; worn down..so as to admit of a cord being fixed round it... This is hung up in a stable; being viewed by the superstitious as a certain antidote to their horses being rode by the hag called the Mare. 1908 Mar. 227/1 Mare-stones were used to prevent nightmare and evil dreams. 1971 26 Aug. 516/2 Another [talisman] is a large perforated pebble found hanging on the bed of an old fisherwoman at Stonehaven, who called it a ‘mare stone’ to keep away nightmares. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † maren.3Origin: Of uncertain origin. Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps an error for snarl n.1 Obsolete. rare. the world > relative properties > order > disorder > confusion or disorder > entanglement or entangled state > [noun] > that which is entangled > a tangle 1688 R. Holme iii. 288/2 If in the Reeling of the Yarn upon the Reel, they chance to lay a thred cross or contrary to the true way of Reeling: it is in our Countrey termed a Mare. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2018). maren.4 Inflections: Plural maria Brit.  /ˈmɑːrɪə/, U.S. /ˈmɑriə/, (occasionally) mares. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin mare. Etymology: < post-classical Latin mare (J. Kepler, Dissertatio cum Nuncio Siderio (1610) in Opera Omnia (1859) II. 497) < classical Latin mare sea (see mere n.1).The idea that the dark parts of the moon's surface might be seas goes back at least to Plutarch, Moralia 921 A–C, who used the words θάλασσα sea and πέλαγος high sea. Galileo introduced the concept in modern times in his Sidereus Nuncius (1610; Kepler's Dissertatio (see above) was a reply to this) but without using the word mare . Michael Florent van Langren's broadside map of the moon (1645) labelled seven areas with specific names beginning with Mare , e.g. Mare Astronomorum (now Mare Frigoris ), but the scientific nomenclature still used comes from Giambattista Riccioli's map in his Almagestum Novum (1651). Compare also sea n. 2c (earlier in English than mare). The proper names given to the various regions are often used in English contexts without translation. Astronomy. the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > superior planet > [noun] > Mars > mare the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > moon > [noun] > surface of > mare 1765 R. Turner 11 The Oceans, Seas, and Lakes are, a Mare Hyperboreum, [etc.].] 1860 20 69 Whatever force might have broken down the portion of the wall towards the mare. 1876 E. Nelson iii. 25 Although water is absent from the lunar surface, the Mares present in many places the appearance of alluvial deposits. 1895 T. G. Elger 6 The Maria are only level in the sense that many districts in the English Midland counties are level, and not that their surface is absolutely flat. 1901 G. P. Serviss ix. 167 The precipitous Mount Hadley..rises more than 15,000 feet above the level of the Mare. 1938 356 The ‘maria’ are regarded as lava fields from fissure eruptions. 1967 28 June 936/1 Nearly half of the moon's surface which we see is covered with these maria. 1970 Mar. 83/3 A catastrophic event hit both the Earth and the Moon, melting the lunar surface—or at least surfaces of the mares. 1991 Dec. 55/1 All three Soviet Luna sample-return probes visited the lunar maria, the prominent dark ‘seas’ that are vast basins flooded with dense volcanic rock. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.1eOE n.2eOE n.31688 n.41860 |
