lingua geraln.

Brit.

/ˌlɪŋɡwə dʒəˈral/, U.S.

/ˌlɪŋɡwə dʒəˈrɑl/

Forms: 1800s– lingoa geral, 1800s– lingua geral. Also with capital initials.

Origin: A borrowing from Portuguese. Etymon: Portuguese lingua geral.

Etymology: < Portuguese lingua geral (also †lingoa geral; more fully Lingua Geral Amazônica ) language evolving from a simplified standardized version of Tupi (1759 or earlier), specific use of lingua geral lingua franca (lingua franca n. 2a), common language (late 17th cent. or earlier) < lingua language (see lingua n.) + geral general adj.The Tupi-based lingua franca was originally called lingua brasileira (17th cent.), lit. ‘Brazilian language’. Compare the following earlier example in an English context of Portuguese lingua geral in a more general sense, apparently with reference to a lingua franca based on various Gbe languages (compare Portuguese lingua geral da Mina (1741 with reference to this language being spoken among slaves in Minas Gerais, Brazil)):1798 C. Cruttwell New Universal Gazetteer I. at Dahomey The language [sc. in Dahomey, West Africa] is that which the Portuguese call Lingua Geral, or General Tongue.

A language evolving from a simplified standardized version of Tupi, and used as a lingua franca in Brazil.In widespread use throughout Portuguese Brazil from the 16th cent., before declining in favour of Portuguese from the mid 17th cent. onwards. A later version of the language was taken up in the Amazonian basin, where it is still spoken by a limited population along the Rio Negro; it is now an official language of Brazil.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > pidgins and creoles > [noun] > other spec.

trade language1662

lingua franca1666

Mobilian1840

lingua geral1841

Nago1884

Papiamentu1895

Police Motu1933

Sango1948

Macanese1962

1841 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 183 Its name [sc. ‘Caricatua’] signifies in the Lingua Geral ‘Left Island.’

1860 M. Reid Odd People 46 We shall use that [name] by which it is known in the ‘Lingoa geral’, and call it a malocca.

1876 Encycl. Brit. IV. 235/1 Most of the semi-civilized Indians of Brazil..speak the Lingoa-Geral, a language adapted by the Jesuit missionaries from the original idiom of the Tupinambaras.

1932 W. L. Graff Lang. & Langs. 431 The whole of Brazil that came into contact with the whites eventually became bilingual, knowing their own dialect and the Guarani lingoa geral.

1973 E. Brooks et al. Tribes of Amazon Basin in Brazil 1972 ii. 58 Tukano is still spoken widely among Indians of Santa Isabel..and many still speak lingua geral, the Jesuit's blend of Tupi and Guarani.

1998 A. Dalby Dict. Langs. 501/1 For a long period the lingua franca of Brazil was not Portuguese at all but Lingua Geral.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	lingua geral
释义	lingua geraln. Brit. /ˌlɪŋɡwə dʒəˈral/, U.S. /ˌlɪŋɡwə dʒəˈrɑl/ Forms: 1800s– lingoa geral, 1800s– lingua geral. Also with capital initials. Origin: A borrowing from Portuguese. Etymon: Portuguese lingua geral. Etymology: < Portuguese lingua geral (also †lingoa geral; more fully Lingua Geral Amazônica ) language evolving from a simplified standardized version of Tupi (1759 or earlier), specific use of lingua geral lingua franca (lingua franca n. 2a), common language (late 17th cent. or earlier) < lingua language (see lingua n.) + geral general adj.The Tupi-based lingua franca was originally called lingua brasileira (17th cent.), lit. ‘Brazilian language’. Compare the following earlier example in an English context of Portuguese lingua geral in a more general sense, apparently with reference to a lingua franca based on various Gbe languages (compare Portuguese lingua geral da Mina (1741 with reference to this language being spoken among slaves in Minas Gerais, Brazil)):1798 C. Cruttwell New Universal Gazetteer I. at Dahomey The language [sc. in Dahomey, West Africa] is that which the Portuguese call Lingua Geral, or General Tongue. A language evolving from a simplified standardized version of Tupi, and used as a lingua franca in Brazil.In widespread use throughout Portuguese Brazil from the 16th cent., before declining in favour of Portuguese from the mid 17th cent. onwards. A later version of the language was taken up in the Amazonian basin, where it is still spoken by a limited population along the Rio Negro; it is now an official language of Brazil. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > pidgins and creoles > [noun] > other spec. trade language1662 lingua franca1666 Mobilian1840 lingua geral1841 Nago1884 Papiamentu1895 Police Motu1933 Sango1948 Macanese1962 1841 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 183 Its name [sc. ‘Caricatua’] signifies in the Lingua Geral ‘Left Island.’ 1860 M. Reid Odd People 46 We shall use that [name] by which it is known in the ‘Lingoa geral’, and call it a malocca. 1876 Encycl. Brit. IV. 235/1 Most of the semi-civilized Indians of Brazil..speak the Lingoa-Geral, a language adapted by the Jesuit missionaries from the original idiom of the Tupinambaras. 1932 W. L. Graff Lang. & Langs. 431 The whole of Brazil that came into contact with the whites eventually became bilingual, knowing their own dialect and the Guarani lingoa geral. 1973 E. Brooks et al. Tribes of Amazon Basin in Brazil 1972 ii. 58 Tukano is still spoken widely among Indians of Santa Isabel..and many still speak lingua geral, the Jesuit's blend of Tupi and Guarani. 1998 A. Dalby Dict. Langs. 501/1 For a long period the lingua franca of Brazil was not Portuguese at all but Lingua Geral. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1841
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