英语词汇“at grade”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

d. Physical Geography. The condition of a river in which, after initial down-cutting of its bed, further down-cutting is balanced by aggradation; a state of equilibrium between the erosion of material from a river-bed and the deposition of fresh sediment; also, the profile of a river or part of one throughout which this condition exists; at grade, in this condition.In quots. 1876, 1894 the sense is closer to ‘slope’ ( 10).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > sedimentation > [noun] > erosion-deposition equilibrium

profile of equilibrium1894

grade1902

1876 G. K. Gilbert in Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 112 100 In this way a stream, which has a supply of debris equal to its capacity, tends to build up the gentler slopes of its bed and cut away the steeper. It tends to establish a single, uniform grade.

1894 W. M. Davis in Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 2 78 In certain cases, it seems to be possible for a stream to cut down its profile to a gentler grade in its early adolescence than is suitable to later adolescence and maturity.]

1902 W. M. Davis in Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 10 89 The use of ‘grade’, in the sense here advocated, was almost reached by Gilbert.

1902 W. M. Davis in Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 10 92 The development of grade depends on the spontaneous adjustment of the capacity of a river to do work, and the quantity of work to be done by the river.

1934 C. R. Longwell et al. Outl. Physical Geol. iii. 42 In places where there is an approximate balance between erosion and deposition, the stream is said to be graded or at grade.

1936 Geogr. Jrnl. 87 25 At least twice the river cut down to grade and had begun to widen its channel when rejuvenation forced it to trench further.

1942 O. D. von Engeln Geomorphol. viii. 134 Maintenance of grade consists of a continuous, infinite series of adjustments between volume, slope, and sediment supply.

1963 D. W. Humphries & E. E. Humphries tr. H. Termier & G. Termier Erosion & Sedimentation v. 106 The profile is actually a composite curve, showing breaks at each important confluence and irregularities caused by the nature of the rocks which it crosses. It is a uniform slope varying regularly, a ‘grade’.

1970 O. T. Jones in G. H. Dury Rivers & River Terraces iii. 75 Between Carmarthen and Fanog the Towy is graded to present sea-level, and the tributaries which enter it are at grade with the existing river.

11. Of a surface: Degree of altitude; level. rare. at grade (U.S.): on the same level.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > vertical extent > [noun] > above a certain level > of a surface

grade1849

1849 in Acts & Resolves Mass. Bay 126 Number of public ways crossed at grade, Number of railroads crossed at grade.

1851 C. L. Smith tr. T. Tasso Jerusalem Delivered i. lxxv Swollen beyond his wonted grade, That river..O'ertops his banks.

1869 Congress. Globe 24 Mar. 252/3 Does not the junction road..cross the streets..at grade?.. No, sir; it crosses them above grade in nearly every instance.

1880 M. Fitzgibbon Trip to Manitoba xiv. 164 The immense cost of filling up and levelling to bring the line to the proper grade.

1890 Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 26 Aug. 4/2 Petition..for leave to cross the Grand Trunk tracks at North Stratford at grade.

单词	at grade
释义	> as lemmas at grade d. Physical Geography. The condition of a river in which, after initial down-cutting of its bed, further down-cutting is balanced by aggradation; a state of equilibrium between the erosion of material from a river-bed and the deposition of fresh sediment; also, the profile of a river or part of one throughout which this condition exists; at grade, in this condition.In quots. 1876, 1894 the sense is closer to ‘slope’ ( 10). ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > sedimentation > [noun] > erosion-deposition equilibrium profile of equilibrium1894 grade1902 1876 G. K. Gilbert in Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 112 100 In this way a stream, which has a supply of debris equal to its capacity, tends to build up the gentler slopes of its bed and cut away the steeper. It tends to establish a single, uniform grade. 1894 W. M. Davis in Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 2 78 In certain cases, it seems to be possible for a stream to cut down its profile to a gentler grade in its early adolescence than is suitable to later adolescence and maturity.] 1902 W. M. Davis in Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 10 89 The use of ‘grade’, in the sense here advocated, was almost reached by Gilbert. 1902 W. M. Davis in Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 10 92 The development of grade depends on the spontaneous adjustment of the capacity of a river to do work, and the quantity of work to be done by the river. 1934 C. R. Longwell et al. Outl. Physical Geol. iii. 42 In places where there is an approximate balance between erosion and deposition, the stream is said to be graded or at grade. 1936 Geogr. Jrnl. 87 25 At least twice the river cut down to grade and had begun to widen its channel when rejuvenation forced it to trench further. 1942 O. D. von Engeln Geomorphol. viii. 134 Maintenance of grade consists of a continuous, infinite series of adjustments between volume, slope, and sediment supply. 1963 D. W. Humphries & E. E. Humphries tr. H. Termier & G. Termier Erosion & Sedimentation v. 106 The profile is actually a composite curve, showing breaks at each important confluence and irregularities caused by the nature of the rocks which it crosses. It is a uniform slope varying regularly, a ‘grade’. 1970 O. T. Jones in G. H. Dury Rivers & River Terraces iii. 75 Between Carmarthen and Fanog the Towy is graded to present sea-level, and the tributaries which enter it are at grade with the existing river. extracted from graden. at grade 11. Of a surface: Degree of altitude; level. rare. at grade (U.S.): on the same level. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > vertical extent > [noun] > above a certain level > of a surface grade1849 1849 in Acts & Resolves Mass. Bay 126 Number of public ways crossed at grade, Number of railroads crossed at grade. 1851 C. L. Smith tr. T. Tasso Jerusalem Delivered i. lxxv Swollen beyond his wonted grade, That river..O'ertops his banks. 1869 Congress. Globe 24 Mar. 252/3 Does not the junction road..cross the streets..at grade?.. No, sir; it crosses them above grade in nearly every instance. 1880 M. Fitzgibbon Trip to Manitoba xiv. 164 The immense cost of filling up and levelling to bring the line to the proper grade. 1890 Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 26 Aug. 4/2 Petition..for leave to cross the Grand Trunk tracks at North Stratford at grade. extracted from graden. < as lemmas
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