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单词 free sciences
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free sciences
4. Of writings, studies, etc.: worthy of or suitable for one of noble birth; = liberal adj. 2. Chiefly in free arts, free sciences. Now historical.In quot. OE: spec. secular, in contradistinction to churchly.
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society > education > learning > study > subject or object of study > [adjective] > liberal
freeOE
liberalc1390
scientific1589
OE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Corpus Oxf.) v. xvi. 448 Wæs he se wer æghwonan se gelæredesta; wæs he ge on wordum hluttor & scinende ge eac on gelærednesse gewrito ge freora ge cyriclicra [L. tam liberalium quam ecclesiasticarum] to wundrienne.
1482 W. Caxton Higden's Polychron. vi. i. f. cclxxxiv He made hem alle lerne gramer and other fre artes and scyences.
a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 150 (MED) He sholde make his chyldryn to lerne fre Sciencis of Clergi.
c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy l. 1497 Cassandra..Enformet was faire of þe fre artis.
1656 J. Ellistone & J. Sparrow tr. J. Böhme Mysterium Magnum (new ed.) xxxv. 222 Even out of Nature the Seven free Arts [Ger. die sieben frehe Künste] or liberall Sciences should be found under a naturall Philosophy.
a1668 W. Davenant Seventh & Last Canto Third Bk. Gondibert (1685) v. 11 They will admire thy force 'gainst Gothick rage, Thy Head of Athens, and thy Woman breast, Which rescu'd these Records in a rude Age, When the free Arts were frighted, and opprest.
1849 Mrs. G. Horrocks tr. W. Menzel Hist. Germany (1870) III. ccxli. 116 The duke had, since 1770, occupied himself with the Charles College, so called after him, where the scholars..received excellent instruction in all the free sciences.
1927 J. T. Sheppard Aeschylus & Sophocles vii. 148 The central tableau was enlivened with a charming Morality, Apollo and the Muses with the gifts of the Free Arts on one side, on the other Pleasure with the seductive Vices.
1950 C. M. Breuning-Williamson tr. P. T. A. Swillens Johannes Vermeer i. 36 Leonard Bramer has..painted the wooden vault consisting of eight spaces with the seven free arts, adding for the eighth space the art of painting.
1989 Zeitschr. f. Kunstgeschichte 52 239/1 He stated that Frans Floris had shown Pictura and Sculptura among the free arts, ‘geschildert onder de vrije consten’ on his house.
extracted from freeadj.n.adv.
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