kinaesthesisn.

1880 H. C. Bastian Brain xxv. 543 We may..speak of a Sense of Movement, as a separate endowment. [Note] Or in one word, Kinæsthesis... To speak of a ‘Kinæsthetic Centre’ will certainly be found more convenient than to speak of a ‘Sense of Movement Centre’.

1891 V. Horsley in 19th Cent. June 859 Bastian coined the term ‘kinæsthesis’,..further, he..postulated the view that such kinæsthesis, or sense of movement, strain, effort, &c., must naturally find its seat or localisation in the so-called motor or Rolandic region of the brain.

1942 E. G. Boring Sensation & Perception xiv. 532 The fact that such small angular displacements can be sensed at such relatively slow speeds did much to direct attention upon the importance of kinesthesis.

1958 S. H. Bartley Princ. Perception xiv. 321 This being the case, kinesthesis is responsible for more than appreciation of muscle position, movement and tension. It is the mediator of general well-being or general discomfort and malaise.

1968 F. Leukel Introd. Physiol. Psychol. vii. 128/2 The general senses are somesthesis (pressure, pain, warmth, and cold), and kinesthesis. The special senses are olfaction, vision, gustation, audition, and vestibular sensitivity.

1970 Nature 20 June 1173/2 A species endowed with vision as the chief distance-sense and kinaesthesis (the muscle-and-joint sense commonly confused with touch) as the sense that chiefly guides his movements.

1891 V. Horsley in 19th Cent. June 868 Given that the cortex of the Rolandic region is kinæsthetic, from which element of it does the efferent impulse start?

1939 Mind 48 360 There is the notion of pure ‘touch’, and there are ‘kinæsthetic experiences’, and we can have the one without the other; but when we speak of ‘the world of touch’, or ‘tactile æsthetics’, we are referring to the data provided by an intimate combination of them both and for this sense Prof. Révész uses the adjective ‘haptic’.

1953 H. Haber Man in Space 149 Whenever we move a limb or perform more complex physical tasks we rely on the delicate co-ordination of these three senses, and the so-called ‘kinesthetic’ sensations we derive from them serve as a very effective means of control.

1960 Aeroplane 99 804/2 Control is kinesthetic (body leaning) and top speed approximately 20 m.p.h.

1970 Motoring Which? July 111/1 The steering was ‘kinesthetic’ (..it means that you have to lean over and move your weight to make the craft go round corners).

1952 Dance Observer Jan. 9 A happy gang of young people being kinesthetically hypnotized by a clarinetist.

1953 Jrnl. Psychol. 36 51 (heading) Kinesthetically guided movements of head and arm.

1955 Sci. News Let. 26 Mar. 200/2 Although these children initially learn best kinesthetically, their visual perception eventually develops so that they then learn readily by visual methods.