Jew's stonen.

Brit.

/ˈdʒuː(z) stəʊn/, U.S.

/ˈdʒu(z) ˌstoʊn/

Forms:

α. 1500s–1600s Iewes stone, 1600s Iews stone, 1600s–1700s Jews stone, 1800s Jews' stone (English regional (south-western)), 1800s– Jew's stone.

β. 1600s–1800s Jewstone.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: Jew n., stone n.

Etymology: In α. forms < the genitive of Jew n. + stone n. In β. forms < Jew n. + stone n.In sense 1 after German Judenstein (1577 in the passage translated in quot. 1598) and its model post-classical Latin lapis Judaicus (13th cent. in this sense: Lanfranc Cirurgie 278), itself after Hellenistic Greek Ιουδαῐκὸς λίθος ; compare Middle French, French pierre Judaique (1572 or earlier), with reference to the place of origin of these fossils, which is situated in present-day southern Lebanon. Compare slightly earlier Jewish stone n. at Jewish adj. Compounds. The development of senses 2 - 4 is uncertain. The etymology of marcasite n. suggests transmission of specimens from the eastern Mediterranean, supporting Minsheu's otherwise unconfirmed claim that post-classical Latin lapis Judaicus was used in sense 2 because the marcasite was first discovered in Judaea; compare also the use of lapis Judaicus for another precious stone, the agate, in a 14th-century British source. Sense 3 may originate with reference to the supposed obduracy of the Jewish people, but G. Agricola De natura fossilium (1546) 310 states that a certain hard roadstone found near Hildesheim has a lustre like that of lapis Judaicus . Sense 4 may originate in a paraphrase of references to the excellence of ancient Jewish gem-engraving in C. Leonardi Speculum lapidum (1502) III. ii and iii.

1. The spine of a fossil sea urchin, formerly used medicinally to treat disorders of the kidneys and bladder; = Jewish stone n. at Jewish adj. Compounds. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > biological product > [noun] > from fossils

Jewish stone1580

Jew's stone1598

lapis judaicus1646

ichthyol1884

ichthammol1907

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Echinodermata > [noun] > subphylum Eleutherozoa > class Echinoidea > member of (sea-urchin) > parts of > spine or fossil spine

Jew's stone1598

fairy cucumber1708

radiole1873

1598 J. Mosan tr. C. Wirsung Praxis Med. Vniuersalis iii. xvii. 455 If you will put therewith one dragme of Iewes stone [Ger. Judenstein], and make it to a drinke with Millet water, then doth it expell the better.

1633 J. Hart Κλινικη iii. xx. 312 Some medicines..are esteemed good against the stone..of this kind is the Iewes stone, goats blood [etc.].

1751 J. Hill Hist. Materia Medica 302 Lapis Judaicus, The Jews Stone,..is no other than the Spine of a large Echinus Marinus of a peculiar Species.

1985 K. P. Oakley Decorative & Symbolic Uses Fossils ii. 25 Jew's-stones have been used as talismans for three millenia or more.

2013 C. J. Duffin in C. J. Duffin et al. Hist. Geol. & Med. 15/2 He commended the application of antivenin plasters containing powdered Jew's stones to wounds, in addition to their generally accepted use as treatments for bladder and kidney stones.

†2. (A piece of) marcasite (marcasite n. 2). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphides and related minerals > [noun] > marcasite or related minerals

marcasite?c1425

pyrites1567

marcasin1601

Jew's stone1617

copperas-stone1640

brass lump1675

spear pyrites1837

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > marcasite > [noun]

marcasite?a1425

marcasin1601

Jew's stone1617

copperas-stone1640

1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas Marchesite..etiam Iewes stone.

1658 E. Phillips New World Eng. Words Jewsstone, a kind of stone called also a Marchesite.

†3. Chiefly English regional. Any of several types of hard rock, esp. basalt or limestone. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > [noun] > hard stone > others

Jew's stone1799

1799 R. Townson Tracts & Observ. Nat. Hist. & Physiol. 198 (table) Basalt, here called Jewstone.

1839 R. I. Murchison Silurian Syst. i. xxv. 313 Jew stone... This quarriers' term is evidently used to designate all hard unmanageable rocks of uneven and splintery fracture.

1876 H. B. Woodward Geol. Eng. & Wales App. A. 440 Jew Stone, a name given to the top bed of White Lias (Sun bed) in parts of Somersetshire.

1885 Cassell's Encycl. Dict. IV. ii Jew-stone. 1. Geol. A local name for a black basalt found on the Clee Hills.

1890 Cent. Dict. Jews'-stone..local name of a limestone-bed belonging to the White Lias (Rhætic) in Somersetshire.

†4. An engraved gem used as an amulet in the later Middle Ages. historical. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1860 C. W. King Antique Gems iii. 370 It was not the antique origin of these amulets, though ascribed to the ancient Hebrews, and thence called Jews' Stones, that alone gave them their mystic potency.

1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. vii. 133 The ‘Jew's stone’, with the lion-headed serpent enchased in it.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	jews stone
释义	Jew's stonen. Brit. /ˈdʒuː(z) stəʊn/, U.S. /ˈdʒu(z) ˌstoʊn/ Forms: α. 1500s–1600s Iewes stone, 1600s Iews stone, 1600s–1700s Jews stone, 1800s Jews' stone (English regional (south-western)), 1800s– Jew's stone. β. 1600s–1800s Jewstone. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: Jew n., stone n. Etymology: In α. forms < the genitive of Jew n. + stone n. In β. forms < Jew n. + stone n.In sense 1 after German Judenstein (1577 in the passage translated in quot. 1598) and its model post-classical Latin lapis Judaicus (13th cent. in this sense: Lanfranc Cirurgie 278), itself after Hellenistic Greek Ιουδαῐκὸς λίθος ; compare Middle French, French pierre Judaique (1572 or earlier), with reference to the place of origin of these fossils, which is situated in present-day southern Lebanon. Compare slightly earlier Jewish stone n. at Jewish adj. Compounds. The development of senses 2 - 4 is uncertain. The etymology of marcasite n. suggests transmission of specimens from the eastern Mediterranean, supporting Minsheu's otherwise unconfirmed claim that post-classical Latin lapis Judaicus was used in sense 2 because the marcasite was first discovered in Judaea; compare also the use of lapis Judaicus for another precious stone, the agate, in a 14th-century British source. Sense 3 may originate with reference to the supposed obduracy of the Jewish people, but G. Agricola De natura fossilium (1546) 310 states that a certain hard roadstone found near Hildesheim has a lustre like that of lapis Judaicus . Sense 4 may originate in a paraphrase of references to the excellence of ancient Jewish gem-engraving in C. Leonardi Speculum lapidum (1502) III. ii and iii. 1. The spine of a fossil sea urchin, formerly used medicinally to treat disorders of the kidneys and bladder; = Jewish stone n. at Jewish adj. Compounds. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > biological product > [noun] > from fossils Jewish stone1580 Jew's stone1598 lapis judaicus1646 ichthyol1884 ichthammol1907 the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Echinodermata > [noun] > subphylum Eleutherozoa > class Echinoidea > member of (sea-urchin) > parts of > spine or fossil spine Jew's stone1598 fairy cucumber1708 radiole1873 1598 J. Mosan tr. C. Wirsung Praxis Med. Vniuersalis iii. xvii. 455 If you will put therewith one dragme of Iewes stone [Ger. Judenstein], and make it to a drinke with Millet water, then doth it expell the better. 1633 J. Hart Κλινικη iii. xx. 312 Some medicines..are esteemed good against the stone..of this kind is the Iewes stone, goats blood [etc.]. 1751 J. Hill Hist. Materia Medica 302 Lapis Judaicus, The Jews Stone,..is no other than the Spine of a large Echinus Marinus of a peculiar Species. 1985 K. P. Oakley Decorative & Symbolic Uses Fossils ii. 25 Jew's-stones have been used as talismans for three millenia or more. 2013 C. J. Duffin in C. J. Duffin et al. Hist. Geol. & Med. 15/2 He commended the application of antivenin plasters containing powdered Jew's stones to wounds, in addition to their generally accepted use as treatments for bladder and kidney stones. †2. (A piece of) marcasite (marcasite n. 2). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphides and related minerals > [noun] > marcasite or related minerals marcasite?c1425 pyrites1567 marcasin1601 Jew's stone1617 copperas-stone1640 brass lump1675 spear pyrites1837 society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > marcasite > [noun] marcasite?a1425 marcasin1601 Jew's stone1617 copperas-stone1640 1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas Marchesite..etiam Iewes stone. 1658 E. Phillips New World Eng. Words Jewsstone, a kind of stone called also a Marchesite. †3. Chiefly English regional. Any of several types of hard rock, esp. basalt or limestone. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > [noun] > hard stone > others Jew's stone1799 1799 R. Townson Tracts & Observ. Nat. Hist. & Physiol. 198 (table) Basalt, here called Jewstone. 1839 R. I. Murchison Silurian Syst. i. xxv. 313 Jew stone... This quarriers' term is evidently used to designate all hard unmanageable rocks of uneven and splintery fracture. 1876 H. B. Woodward Geol. Eng. & Wales App. A. 440 Jew Stone, a name given to the top bed of White Lias (Sun bed) in parts of Somersetshire. 1885 Cassell's Encycl. Dict. IV. ii Jew-stone. 1. Geol. A local name for a black basalt found on the Clee Hills. 1890 Cent. Dict. Jews'-stone..local name of a limestone-bed belonging to the White Lias (Rhætic) in Somersetshire. †4. An engraved gem used as an amulet in the later Middle Ages. historical. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1860 C. W. King Antique Gems iii. 370 It was not the antique origin of these amulets, though ascribed to the ancient Hebrews, and thence called Jews' Stones, that alone gave them their mystic potency. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. vii. 133 The ‘Jew's stone’, with the lion-headed serpent enchased in it. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1598
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