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单词 infected
释义

infectedadj.n.

Brit. /ɪnˈfɛktᵻd/, U.S. /ᵻnˈfɛktəd/
Forms: see infect v. and -ed suffix1; also Middle English infeckyd; Scottish pre-1700 infeccit, pre-1700 infecit, pre-1700 infekkit, 1800s infecket.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: infect v., -ed suffix1.
Etymology: < infect v. + -ed suffix1. Compare earlier infect adj.1In sense A. 4 after the corresponding post-classical Latin use of classical Latin infectus infect adj.1 ( K. Zeuss Grammatica Celtica (1853) I. 2); compare later infect v. 10b.
A. adj.
1. That has been tainted or contaminated with moral corruption or false opinion; depraved; heretical.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [adjective]
sickc960
foulOE
unwholec1000
thewlessa1327
corrupt1340
viciousc1340
unwholesomec1374
infecta1387
rustyc1390
unsound?a1400
rottenc1400
rotten-heartedc1405
cankereda1450
infectedc1449
wasted1483
depravate?1520
poisoned1529
deformed1555
poisonous1555
reprobate1557
corrupted1563
prave1564
base-minded1573
tainted1577
Gomorrhean1581
vice-like1589
depraved1593
debauched1598
deboshedc1598
tarish1601
sunk1602
speckled1603
deboist1604
diseased1608
ulcerous1611
vitial1614
debauchc1616
deboise1632
pravous1653
depravea1711
unhealthy1821
scrofulous1842
septic1914
society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > [adjective] > corrupted or corrupt
foul-stinkingOE
unwholesomec1374
corruptc1380
rotten1395
infecta1398
unsound?a1400
rotten-heartedc1405
infectedc1449
fly-blown1528
reprobate1531
corrupped1533
corrupted1563
poisoned1567
abusive?1585
debauched1598
deboshedc1598
deboist1604
debauchc1616
deboise1632
scrofulous1842
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 89 (MED) The vnconsideracion of this..hath be a greet cause of the wickidli enfectid scole of heresie among the lay peple.
1559 T. Paynell tr. Erasmus Complaint of Peace sig. Bv I have found none [sc. no monastery] that with ciuill hatred and braulinges was not infected.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. x. sig. I8v Inward corruption, and infected sin.
1638 Div. & Politike Observ. 26 Mens former flocking to Sermons in Infected places.
a1711 T. Ken Psyche v, in Wks. (1721) IV. 294 Paternal God, though it is just To reprobate infected Dust, Should there a Sacrifice be paid, And for curs'd Sin Atonement made.
1759 E. W. Montagu Refl. Antient Republicks v. 281 The most infected, and most corrupt members of the..State.
1846 Macphail's Edinb. Eccl. Jrnl. Apr. 170 If you will only..smite and persecute the infected clergy of both Established Churches, you may bear false witness against them.
1895 Amer. Eccl. Rev. July 31 The infected books..of this last class, the Insana, or the foregoing class, the Non-Sana.
1901 Academy 12 Oct. 337 The infected age of artiness.
1967 B. G. Rogers Novels & Stories Barbey d'Aurevilly viii. 192 Sensitive but infected emotions, leading to the ‘wastes’ of indifference.
2009 B. Rostron Black Petals 90 These infected thoughts followed him everywhere.
2.
a. Of a disease: = infectious adj. 3a. Cf. infect adj.1 1b. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > production of disease > [adjective] > infectious
contagiousc1374
infectivea1398
smitting?c1450
infected1480
infectuous1495
infecting1539
infectious1575
smittle1583
catching1594
contaminous1599
taking1608
communicative1741
malignant1822
contaminative1826
zymotic1842
smittling1845
infectant1855
autoinfective1874
catchy1884
toxo-infectious1907
postinfectious1913
1480 Cronicles Eng. (Caxton) ccxxviii. sig. p8 The pestilence was so enfected, and so habundannt..that vunethes ther were lefte lyuyng folke to bery hem that were dede.
b. Containing or carrying (a source of) infection.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > [adjective] > polluted with germs or disease
infecta1382
infected1534
zymotic1881
germy1884
unsterile1892
1534 T. Paynell tr. Moche Profitable Treat. against Pestilence i. sig. A.iiv The aire is infectyd & charged with infectyd and poyson vapours.
1542 A. Borde Compend. Regyment Helth xxvii. sig. L.iiiv And I haue knowen that whan the strawe & russhes hath ben cast out of a howse infectyd the hogges the whiche dyd lye in it, dyed of ye pestylence.
1666 W. Boghurst Loimographia (1894) 64 More have received the disease from infected Linen than infected Woollen.
1730 J. Southall Treat. Buggs 34 Coming from infected Houses.
1799 N. Webster Brief Hist. Epidemic & Pestilential Dis. II. 119 There [sc. in Egypt] also infected clothes are never purified.
1839 Southern Lit. Messenger 5–12 Dec. 793 I eschew, as I would an infected district, that mushroom growth of human habitations which has climbed the airy heights of west Boston.
1897 M. L. Hughes Mediterranean Fever ii. 91 Isolated agricultural villages, never visited by the inhabitants of the infected towns.
1903 Albany Med. Ann. 24 630 He states that the possible sources of infection in typhoid fever besides infected water are infected milk, infected ice, infected food, digital transmission, [etc.].
1942 Lancet 7 Mar. 301/2 Infected dust was a major problem in wards housing streptococcal and diphtheritic patients..until its dissemination was prevented.
2002 National Geographic May 23/2 More than a hundred cases of deadly Creutzfeldt-Jakob brain disease in humans who had consumed the infected meat.
c. Of a person, animal, plant, organ, etc.: affected by or exhibiting (an) infection.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > production of disease > [adjective] > infectious > infected
diseasya1450
diseased1467
diseasely1532
infectious1542
infected1562
diseasefula1599
distainted1599
1562 W. Ward tr. G. Ruscelli 3rd Pt. Secretes Alexis of Piemont f. 40v (heading) Also to staye the flowres of a woman, and for those that haue an infected lyuer and splene.
1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 37 b/1 The whole infectede and spoylede parte swelleth.
a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. vii. 60 I will..Cleanse the foule bodie of th'infected world, If they will patiently receiue my medicine. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) v. i. 69 Infected mindes To their deafe pillowes will discharge their Secrets. View more context for this quotation
1665 Orders Ld. Mayor London in D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year (1722) 50 To remove either his sound or his infected People.
1764 J. Grainger Sugar-cane ii. 68 Let the hoe uproot The infected Cane-piece.
1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth iv, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. III. 95 It is no light thing to be shunned by the worthy as an infected patient.
1869 Westm. Rev. Jan. 564 Difficulties are created in the case of true syphilis by the very long incubation-time.., at the end of which time the infected man may (for obvious reasons) be in utter ambiguity as to his infectress.
1910 Practitioner Jan. 125 This may be a muco-periostitis originating in the infected bone.
1949 H. W. C. Vines Green's Man. Pathol. (ed. 17) x. 217 In man the [cholera] vibrio is found in enormous numbers in the rice-water stools associated with the disease, and in the infected mucous membrane.
1986 J. A. Samson Trop. Fruits (ed. 2) vi. 57 Israel is kept free of tristeza virus by tracing and destroying every infected tree.
2012 Independent 2 Mar. 13/1 Concern is growing that African horse sickness, which kills 95 per cent of infected animals, may be brought to Britain by wind-borne insects.
d. Containing, or affected by, a computer virus or other item of malware.
ΚΠ
1984 J. H. Finch & E. G. Dougall Computer Security 145 Upon execution, the infected program decompresses itself and executes normally.
1993 Discover Feb. 48/3 On this variant the payload—the innocuous beep—now sounded only when an infected computer was restarted from the keyboard.
1997 J. Seabrook Deeper iv. 101 ‘I took the infected file off my hard disk and put it on here,’ I said defensively, holding up the floppy.
2010 New Yorker 1 Nov. 51/1 People routinely open e-mails with infected attachments, allowing hackers to ‘enslave’ their computers.
3. Of a liquid, light, etc.: discoloured; stained; tinged.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [adjective] > stained
staineda1382
imbruedc1450
maculate1490
bestained1559
commaculate1570
maculated1646
infected1701
blurred1708
smitted1862
dabbled1887
1701 J. Addison Let. from Italy 23 Hoary Albula's infected tide.
1713 E. Young Poem on Last Day iii. 54 Yet still some rising Mists of Fear, and Doubt, Th' Infected Brightness of their Joy pollute.
1882 H. H. Bancroft et al. Hist. Central Amer. I. 308 Reptiles as food became a luxury to them; the infected sunlight dried up their blood; despair paralyzed heart and brain.
1970 P. Good Once to Every Man 135 He sat asleep with his raw back against a metal fence post supporting the wire mesh, his skin an infected pink, luminous and drawn so dry and tight over his shoulders that it seemed ready to pop open.
1989 J. Rosenblatt Kissing Goldfish of Siam 2 Infected light fell from an inverted moon-shape.
2004 A. Higgins Bestiary iii. lxxiii. 722 The sections of the fruit that were not black with blight were this vivid orange, an infected colour.
4. Linguistics (esp. Celtic Grammar). Of a sound (of a consonant, vowel, etc.): that has been altered by the influence of a neighbouring sound. Cf. infect v. 10b. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > sound changes > [adjective] > infection
infected1859
infecting1883
1859 Ulster Jrnl. Archæol. 7 91 This infected form of muir came from the ancient mori.
1872 W. Stokes Goidelica (ed. 2) 112 Infected g, d, t are dropped, as in bri(gh)te, blie(dh)nec..be(th)ad.
1909 J. Strachan Introd. Early Welsh 37 Sometimes the infected vowel spreads analogically.
1942 Stud. in Linguistics Aug. 8 The infected form of a varies according to the sort of word it is in.
B. n.
With the and plural agreement. Infected individuals as a group or class. Cf. infect n.
ΚΠ
1606 Bp. W. Barlow One of Foure Serm. Hampton Court sig. B2 To strengthen the weake, to heale the infected, to splint the spreined.
1684 J. Smith Profit & Pleasure United 16 You must, without delay, divide them [sc. cattle] to different Pastures, in diversity of Air, separating the infected, from the uninfected.
1720 R. Mead Disc. Plague 32 The Methods taken by the Publick..have always had the Appearance of a severe Discipline, and even Punishment, rather than of a Compassionate Care; which must naturally make the Infected conceal the Disease as long as was possible.
1798 W. Blair Soldier's Friend (Dublin ed.) 98 This disease [sc. dysentery] is contagious: when it appears, therefore, the infected should, as soon as possible, be separated from the healthy.
1813 J. Thomson Lect. Inflammation 485 If pains be taken to prevent intercourse between the infected and uninfected.
1857 Cultivator Sept. 285/1 If the infected are burned, and the stumps carefully secured with wax.., the health of the trees will not be injured.
1952 J. Leyda in Portable Melville 7 By the time he left Tahiti and Eimeo, Melville's allegiance was firmly with the infected as against the infecters.
2007 Wired May 120/2 He plans to build a taxonomy of..‘viral chatter’: the regular transmission of viruses from wild animals to humans, often without any further spread among humans or consequences for the infected.

Derivatives

inˈfectedness n. the condition of being infected; the degree to which an individual or population is infected.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > production of disease > [noun] > infection > infected quality
infectedness1851
1851 Knickerbocker June 508 For as far as real infection, infectedness, went, the banker was in as extreme a situation as the fisherman.
1911 Nature 5 Oct. 466/1 Infectedness is not the same thing as sickness.
1990 Agric., Ecosystems & Environm. 29 141 There is no evidence that a good quantitative relationship exists between root morphology and infectedness.
2003 Communications Agric. & Appl. Biol. Sci. 68 673 The infectedness of some species [of wheat] came near to 50-90% by this time.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.c1449
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