Etymology: apparently < Old French hurte (modern French heurte ) shock of collision, stroke, blow, < hurter , heurter : see hurt v. Compare also later French heurt ‘shocke, push, or dash; violent meeting or conflict; a knock or knocking together’ (Cotgrave), Italian urto a push, thrust, shock; also (from French) Middle High German hurt and hurte shock of encounter, Middle Dutch, Dutch hort thrust, push, shove. The sense ‘injury’ is a purely English development: see hurt v.

Etymology: < French heurte (a1558 in Godefroy): ‘heurtes , small Azure balls, tearmed (in Heraldry) hurts on men, and tongue-moles on women’ (Cotgrave). Compare French heurt mark left by a blow, and quot. 1572. The English heraldic writers generally identify this with hurt n.³ a bilberry; but (since the bilberry is not known as heurt or heurte in French) it is evident that this can be correct only if hurt and hurtleberry took their names from the heraldic word (or from the blue mark of a blow).

Etymology: Known to us from 16th cent., but the fuller name hurtleberry appears c1450; the relation between these, and the origin of both, are uncertain; no cognate name appears in other languages. See hurt n.²

Etymology: Past participle of hurt v.

Etymology: apparently < Old French hurte-r (now heurter) to bring into violent collision, ‘to knocke, push, jarre, joult, strike, dash, or hit violently against’ (Cotgrave). The phonology is not altogether clear; but apparently the word was adopted early enough for Old French u to be treated as Old English y, becoming i in the north and midlands, and in the south remaining ü, which later became ŭ as in hurst, Old English hyrst; the variants in -er, -or, are mainly due to the disturbing influence of r upon the preceding vowel: compare the historical forms of dirt, first, gird, third, worse, etc. Old French hurter = Provençal urtar, Italian urtare, is of obscure origin; in Darmesteter's opinion ‘probably Germanic’. As, however, no corresponding Germanic word is known, Diez suggested a possible derivation < Celtic, comparing Welsh hwrdd ram, push, hyrddu, hyrddio to push; but see Thurneysen Keltoromanisches 81. Middle High German and Middle Low German hurten to rush into collision, Middle Dutch hurten, horten, Dutch horten to jolt, jostle, push, are from French, and were originally words of the tournament.