Hashemiten.adj.

Brit.

/ˈhaʃᵻmʌɪt/, U.S.

/ˈhæʃəˌmaɪt/

Forms: 1600s– Hashemite, 1800s– Hashimite.

Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element; modelled on an Arabic lexical item. Etymons: proper name Hashem , -ite suffix¹.

Etymology: < Hashem (now usually Hashim; Arabic Hāšim), a nickname given to ibn ʿAbd Manaf (late 5th cent.), great-grandfather of the Prophet Muhammad + -ite suffix¹, after Arabic hāšimī.Muslim tradition offers several explanations of how Hashim acquired his nickname, but the most frequent account connects his name with Arabic hašama ‘to crumble’. Hashim was in charge of organizing the food and water supplies for the pilgrims to Mecca, and it is said that one year, when food was scarce in Mecca, he brought baked cakes from Syria and crumbled them into water to make a broth for the pilgrims. The adjective Hashemite forms part of the official name of Jordan, The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (Arabic al-mamlaka al-'urdunniyya al-hāšimīyya).

A. n.

A member of a princely Arabian family claiming descent from Hashim, great-grandfather of the prophet Muhammad.The Hashemites ruled Mecca for most of the second millennium (until 1924). Since 1921 they have been the ruling royal family of Jordan (see note in etymology), and have also during various periods ruled Syria, Hejaz, and Iraq.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > dynasty > [noun] > member of specific Muslim

Almohad1600

Almoravid1612

Abbasid1664

Hashemite1697

Umayyad1758

Marinid1894

Saudi1933

1697 H. Prideaux True Nature Imposture in Life Mahomet 5 From him [sc. Hashem] the Kindred of Mahomet are called Hashemites.

1757 Acct. Arabians 6, in S. Ockley Hist. Saracens (ed. 3) I Hashem the great grandfather of Mahomet, whose descendants were from him called Hashemites.

1826 Gospel Advocate 1 Sept. 255/2 Abu Taleb went immediately to the Koreish, and..he insisted that they ought to lay aside their animosity, and annul the league they had made against the Hashemites.

1862 Brit. Q. Rev. Oct. 264 As Mecca took precedence of all other cities in Arabia, so did the Hashemites take precedence of all other families in Mecca.

1958 Spectator 7 Feb. 159/2 The Hashemites of Transjordan or Iraq.

1986 Middle East Insight 4 iv. 24/1 As a Hashemite, a direct descendant of the Prophet Muhammed, and son of the Sharif of Mecca, Abdullah had a strong sense of his family's historic role.

2011 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 8 Dec. 48/3 In the past the Hashemites bought their East Bankers' acquiescence by doling out titles and stipends in the security forces and political establishment.

B. adj.

Of, relating to, or characteristic of the Hashemites.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > dynasty > [adjective] > specific Muslim

Almohad1620

Umayyad1758

Abbasid1760

Almoravid1760

Hashemite1788

Saudi1933

Saudite1949

Saadian1951

Marinid1952

1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall V. lii. 428 This degree most accurately contains 200,000 royal or Hashemite cubits.

1850 J. P. Brown tr. Ahmad ibn Hamdam Katkhudā Turkish Evening Entertainments xiv. 118 On seeing them, he asked which among the females was of the Hashemite family.

1883 Encycl. Brit. XV. 672/1 Native princes claiming descent from the Prophet—the Háshimite emírs of Mecca..—attained to great authority and aimed at independence.

1949 A. Koestler Promise & Fulfilm. xvi. 177 Transjordan was and is as interested in a solution on these lines as the Jews, in view of the age-old rivalry between the Hashimite and Saudite dynasties.

1973 Times 22 Sept. 5/1 Despite a spiritual attachment to the guerrillas and a distaste for Hashemite rule, Jordan's Palestinian majority view any guerrilla return with far less enthusiasm than Arabs elsewhere.

2012 Stamp Mag. Nov. 69/1 Following independence in 1946 it became the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hashemite
释义	Hashemiten.adj. Brit. /ˈhaʃᵻmʌɪt/, U.S. /ˈhæʃəˌmaɪt/ Forms: 1600s– Hashemite, 1800s– Hashimite. Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element; modelled on an Arabic lexical item. Etymons: proper name Hashem , -ite suffix¹. Etymology: < Hashem (now usually Hashim; Arabic Hāšim), a nickname given to ibn ʿAbd Manaf (late 5th cent.), great-grandfather of the Prophet Muhammad + -ite suffix¹, after Arabic hāšimī.Muslim tradition offers several explanations of how Hashim acquired his nickname, but the most frequent account connects his name with Arabic hašama ‘to crumble’. Hashim was in charge of organizing the food and water supplies for the pilgrims to Mecca, and it is said that one year, when food was scarce in Mecca, he brought baked cakes from Syria and crumbled them into water to make a broth for the pilgrims. The adjective Hashemite forms part of the official name of Jordan, The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (Arabic al-mamlaka al-'urdunniyya al-hāšimīyya). A. n. A member of a princely Arabian family claiming descent from Hashim, great-grandfather of the prophet Muhammad.The Hashemites ruled Mecca for most of the second millennium (until 1924). Since 1921 they have been the ruling royal family of Jordan (see note in etymology), and have also during various periods ruled Syria, Hejaz, and Iraq. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > dynasty > [noun] > member of specific Muslim Almohad1600 Almoravid1612 Abbasid1664 Hashemite1697 Umayyad1758 Marinid1894 Saudi1933 1697 H. Prideaux True Nature Imposture in Life Mahomet 5 From him [sc. Hashem] the Kindred of Mahomet are called Hashemites. 1757 Acct. Arabians 6, in S. Ockley Hist. Saracens (ed. 3) I Hashem the great grandfather of Mahomet, whose descendants were from him called Hashemites. 1826 Gospel Advocate 1 Sept. 255/2 Abu Taleb went immediately to the Koreish, and..he insisted that they ought to lay aside their animosity, and annul the league they had made against the Hashemites. 1862 Brit. Q. Rev. Oct. 264 As Mecca took precedence of all other cities in Arabia, so did the Hashemites take precedence of all other families in Mecca. 1958 Spectator 7 Feb. 159/2 The Hashemites of Transjordan or Iraq. 1986 Middle East Insight 4 iv. 24/1 As a Hashemite, a direct descendant of the Prophet Muhammed, and son of the Sharif of Mecca, Abdullah had a strong sense of his family's historic role. 2011 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 8 Dec. 48/3 In the past the Hashemites bought their East Bankers' acquiescence by doling out titles and stipends in the security forces and political establishment. B. adj. Of, relating to, or characteristic of the Hashemites. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > dynasty > [adjective] > specific Muslim Almohad1620 Umayyad1758 Abbasid1760 Almoravid1760 Hashemite1788 Saudi1933 Saudite1949 Saadian1951 Marinid1952 1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall V. lii. 428 This degree most accurately contains 200,000 royal or Hashemite cubits. 1850 J. P. Brown tr. Ahmad ibn Hamdam Katkhudā Turkish Evening Entertainments xiv. 118 On seeing them, he asked which among the females was of the Hashemite family. 1883 Encycl. Brit. XV. 672/1 Native princes claiming descent from the Prophet—the Háshimite emírs of Mecca..—attained to great authority and aimed at independence. 1949 A. Koestler Promise & Fulfilm. xvi. 177 Transjordan was and is as interested in a solution on these lines as the Jews, in view of the age-old rivalry between the Hashimite and Saudite dynasties. 1973 Times 22 Sept. 5/1 Despite a spiritual attachment to the guerrillas and a distaste for Hashemite rule, Jordan's Palestinian majority view any guerrilla return with far less enthusiasm than Arabs elsewhere. 2012 Stamp Mag. Nov. 69/1 Following independence in 1946 it became the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1697
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