hartwortn.

Brit.

/ˈhɑːtwəːt/, U.S.

/ˈhɑrtˌwərt/,

/ˈhɑrtˌwɔrt/

Forms: 1500s hartewoort, 1500s hartwurt, 1500s–1600s hartwoort, 1600s hartwort, 1600s heartwort.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: hart n., wort n.¹

Etymology: < hart n. + wort n.¹, after early modern German hirtzwurtz (1552 or earlier). Compare Dutch hertwortel (1550 or earlier) and post-classical Latin cervina radix (1587 or earlier).The semantic motivation may reflect a tradition dating back at least to Pliny that the female deer eats the seseli plant to ease pains in labour. (Aristotle refers to the deer eating seseli immediately after childbirth.) For references to this in English, compare:1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. viii. xxxii. 213 The Hinds before they calve, purge themselves with the hearbe Seselis or Siler-mountaine, whereby they have lesse paine in their bearing, and more speedie and easie deliverance.1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum 908 Pliny saith that women use it before their delivery of child (being taught by Hindes that eate Seseli's to speede their delivery, as Aristotle did declare it before). Compare also heartwort n.

Originally: any of various umbelliferous plants used medicinally; esp. the herbaceous plants Laserpitium latifolium, L. siser, Seseli tortuosum, and Levisticum officinale, and the shrub Bupleurum fruticosum. In later use: spec. any member of the genus Tordylium (family Apiaceae ( Umbelliferae)), comprising herbaceous plants native to southern Europe (and grown or occasionally naturalized elsewhere); esp. (more fully great hartwort) T. maximum.Originally applied mainly to plants known to 16th and 17th century herbalists by the Latin name of seseli (now redistributed to many modern genera).small hartwort: see the first element. See also Marseilles hartwort n., hartwort of Marseilles at Marseilles n. 1a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Umbelliferae (umbellifers) > [noun] > hartwort plant or flowers

hartwort1562

seseli1578

heartwort1789

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Umbelliferae (umbellifers) > [noun] > other umbellifers

hemlocka700

petroselinumOE

parsleya1300

wild parsleya1300

parsnip1538

lovage1548

hartwort1562

meadow parsnip1562

ass-parsley1598

honewort1633

alexanders1637

dead-tongue1688

ajowan1773

Arracacha1823

pepper saxifrage1824

mock bishop-weed1848

pepper-and-salt1861

square parsley1866

ass's parsley1879

1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 135 Seseli Ethiopicum groweth in diuerse partes of hyghe Germanye, where I haue sene it both grene and dry, and som call it hartzwurt [sic; perh. misprint for hirtzwurt], but I neuer sawe it in Englande, wherefore we maye call it Hartwurt, with the Duche men, vntyll we fynde a better name for it.

1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. ccccvii. 893 In English Hartwoort of Peloponnesus, or of Greece.

1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) iii. lxxvi. 1420 (heading) Of shrub Heart-Wort of Æthiopia.

1668 tr. A. Cowley Six Bks. Plants ii. in Third Pt. Wks. 35 Then Hart-wort [L. Seseli] (much more grateful to the Deer Than Dittany) with Wild Carrots, enters here.

1686 J. Ray Historia Plantarum I. ix. v. 476 De Seseli Æthiopico. Seseli Æthiopicum frutex. Ger... Shrub-Hartwort of Æthiopia.

1714 tr. French Bk. of Rates 89 Hart-wort per 100 weight, 01 00.

1739 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. II. Tordylium, Hartwort.

1756 A. Russell Nat. Hist. Aleppo 27 A species of hartwort..called by them secacul.

1785 W. Marshall Planting & Ornamental Gardening 89 Bupleurum Fruticosum: The Ethiopian Hartwort, or the Shrubby Bupleurum; an evergreen shrub; growing naturally amongst the rock on the coast of the South of France.

1846 C. Johnson Sowerby's Eng. Bot. (ed. 2) IV Great-Hart-Wort, Tordylium Maximum.

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. Hartwort, Tordylium.

1886 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Hartwort, the Laserpitium siler, and the Tordylium maximum. H. French, H. of Marseilles, Seseli tortuosum.

1958 Classical Philol. 53 147/1 In the next chapter on small hartwort..he [sc. Pliny] does say that the similarity of the names σίσαρον and σέσελι..confused most people.

1993 Garden Hist. 21 215 Occasionally he expanded on what he meant by this, as with the Ethiopian hartwort (Bupleurum fruticosum).

2007 N. Fletcher Wild Flowers Mediterranean 34 Hartwort is not very notable for its flowers, which are in small, flat-topped umbels.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hartwort
释义	hartwortn. Brit. /ˈhɑːtwəːt/, U.S. /ˈhɑrtˌwərt/, /ˈhɑrtˌwɔrt/ Forms: 1500s hartewoort, 1500s hartwurt, 1500s–1600s hartwoort, 1600s hartwort, 1600s heartwort. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: hart n., wort n.¹ Etymology: < hart n. + wort n.¹, after early modern German hirtzwurtz (1552 or earlier). Compare Dutch hertwortel (1550 or earlier) and post-classical Latin cervina radix (1587 or earlier).The semantic motivation may reflect a tradition dating back at least to Pliny that the female deer eats the seseli plant to ease pains in labour. (Aristotle refers to the deer eating seseli immediately after childbirth.) For references to this in English, compare:1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. viii. xxxii. 213 The Hinds before they calve, purge themselves with the hearbe Seselis or Siler-mountaine, whereby they have lesse paine in their bearing, and more speedie and easie deliverance.1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum 908 Pliny saith that women use it before their delivery of child (being taught by Hindes that eate Seseli's to speede their delivery, as Aristotle did declare it before). Compare also heartwort n. Originally: any of various umbelliferous plants used medicinally; esp. the herbaceous plants Laserpitium latifolium, L. siser, Seseli tortuosum, and Levisticum officinale, and the shrub Bupleurum fruticosum. In later use: spec. any member of the genus Tordylium (family Apiaceae ( Umbelliferae)), comprising herbaceous plants native to southern Europe (and grown or occasionally naturalized elsewhere); esp. (more fully great hartwort) T. maximum.Originally applied mainly to plants known to 16th and 17th century herbalists by the Latin name of seseli (now redistributed to many modern genera).small hartwort: see the first element. See also Marseilles hartwort n., hartwort of Marseilles at Marseilles n. 1a. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Umbelliferae (umbellifers) > [noun] > hartwort plant or flowers hartwort1562 seseli1578 heartwort1789 the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Umbelliferae (umbellifers) > [noun] > other umbellifers hemlocka700 petroselinumOE parsleya1300 wild parsleya1300 parsnip1538 lovage1548 hartwort1562 meadow parsnip1562 ass-parsley1598 honewort1633 alexanders1637 dead-tongue1688 ajowan1773 Arracacha1823 pepper saxifrage1824 mock bishop-weed1848 pepper-and-salt1861 square parsley1866 ass's parsley1879 1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 135 Seseli Ethiopicum groweth in diuerse partes of hyghe Germanye, where I haue sene it both grene and dry, and som call it hartzwurt [sic; perh. misprint for hirtzwurt], but I neuer sawe it in Englande, wherefore we maye call it Hartwurt, with the Duche men, vntyll we fynde a better name for it. 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. ccccvii. 893 In English Hartwoort of Peloponnesus, or of Greece. 1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) iii. lxxvi. 1420 (heading) Of shrub Heart-Wort of Æthiopia. 1668 tr. A. Cowley Six Bks. Plants ii. in Third Pt. Wks. 35 Then Hart-wort [L. Seseli] (much more grateful to the Deer Than Dittany) with Wild Carrots, enters here. 1686 J. Ray Historia Plantarum I. ix. v. 476 De Seseli Æthiopico. Seseli Æthiopicum frutex. Ger... Shrub-Hartwort of Æthiopia. 1714 tr. French Bk. of Rates 89 Hart-wort per 100 weight, 01 00. 1739 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. II. Tordylium, Hartwort. 1756 A. Russell Nat. Hist. Aleppo 27 A species of hartwort..called by them secacul. 1785 W. Marshall Planting & Ornamental Gardening 89 Bupleurum Fruticosum: The Ethiopian Hartwort, or the Shrubby Bupleurum; an evergreen shrub; growing naturally amongst the rock on the coast of the South of France. 1846 C. Johnson Sowerby's Eng. Bot. (ed. 2) IV Great-Hart-Wort, Tordylium Maximum. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. Hartwort, Tordylium. 1886 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Hartwort, the Laserpitium siler, and the Tordylium maximum. H. French, H. of Marseilles, Seseli tortuosum. 1958 Classical Philol. 53 147/1 In the next chapter on small hartwort..he [sc. Pliny] does say that the similarity of the names σίσαρον and σέσελι..confused most people. 1993 Garden Hist. 21 215 Occasionally he expanded on what he meant by this, as with the Ethiopian hartwort (Bupleurum fruticosum). 2007 N. Fletcher Wild Flowers Mediterranean 34 Hartwort is not very notable for its flowers, which are in small, flat-topped umbels. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1562
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