kindnessn.

Brit.

/ˈkʌɪn(d)nᵻs/, U.S.

/ˈkaɪn(d)nᵻs/

Forms: see kind adj. and -ness suffix. Also Middle English kyndynes, Middle English kyndinesse.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: kind adj., -ness suffix.

Etymology: < kind adj. + -ness suffix.The motivation for use in sense 6 is unclear. It has been suggested that it may have arisen by association with an unrelated word for the throat disease quinsy (compare e.g. squinance n., cynanche n.), but evidence to support this appears to be lacking. Compare Old English gecyndnes generation, nation, growing things ( < i-cunde n. + -ness suffix).

a. The quality or state of being kind; kind nature or disposition, or the demonstration of this in action or conduct. Also (now somewhat formal): the quality or state of being courteous.Quot. c1300 may instead show sense 1b, i.e. ‘a kind act’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun]

goodshipOE

goodnessOE

well-willingnessOE

goodlaikc1175

charity?c1225

courtesy1297

kindnessc1300

meeknessc1300

kindheada1325

benignityc1374

benevolencec1384

kindshipa1393

betternessa1400

homeliness1402

goodliness1405

courteousnessc1430

kindliness1440

kindlaikc1450

beneficialness1528

beneficence1531

benevolency1545

beneficency1576

kindheartedness1583

benefiting1594

candidness1643

benefacture1651

geniality1652

candour1653

hearta1656

obliging1676

benevolentness1736

affectionateness1751

warm-heartedness1808

Samaritanism1843

sweet-heartedness1865

benignancy1876

c1300 St. Patrick's Purgatory (Laud) 157 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 204 We ne beoth nouȝt so onkuynde, þat we it nellez ȝelde þe bliue For þe kundenesse [a1325 Corpus Cambr. cundehede] þat þov to us come.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 321 [They] han al kindenes me kyd & y ne kan hem ȝelde!

?a1430 Compleynte Virgin (Huntington) l. 145 in Minor Poems T. Hoccleve (1970) i. 4 Is ther in thee no sparcle of kyndenesse?

1446 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1855) II. 119 (MED) I thonke yow herteley of all kyndenes that ye have done to me before this tyme.

a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 36/2 The common people, whiche oftentymes..take for greatter kindenesse, a lyttle courtesye, then a greate benefyte.

1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 52 Na tung sic kyndnes can expres.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) i. v. 16 I feare thy Nature, It is too full o' th' Milke of humane kindnesse .

1661 J. Fell Life Hammond 171 The Excellent Doctor met this unknown Romantick undertaker with his accustom'd kindness.

1709 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 5 Sept. (1965) I. 14 The kindness of your last recompenses me for the injustice of your former letter.

1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 75. ⁋10 They..inflict pain where kindness is intended.

1814 J. Austen Mansfield Park II. ii. 35 Her kindness did sometimes overpower her judgment.

1871 S. Smiles Character viii. 228 Kindness does not consist in gifts, but in gentleness and generosity of spirit.

1931 Church Times 8 May 569/3 The kindness and consideration shown by your good self to me.

1992 ARTPOST44 Summer 13/3 When McCarthy walked into the classroom.., you could feel her warmth and kindness.

2012 Daily Tel. 24 Feb. 2/4 Doctors and nurses are to be instructed to treat patients with ‘dignity, kindness and compassion’.

b. As a count noun: an instance of this; a kind or courteous deed or act; a good turn, a favour; (also) †a gift (obsolete). Cf. goodness n. 3.Quot. c1300 at sense 1a may show this sense.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] > act of kindness

goodOE

loveOE

estdedea1325

bounty1330

benefice1340

benefit1377

while1382

whileness1382

officec1384

excellencec1385

goodshipa1393

kindnessc1400

benevolencec1425

benignityc1534

obligement1611

obligation1618

friendlinessa1633

benevolenta1639

beneficence1654

amability1655

benefactiona1662

knight-service1675

kindliness1883

humanity1985

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. v. l. 440 The kyndenesse þat myne euene-cristene kidde me..I..haue fo[r]ȝete it.

c1475 (?c1400) J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) III. 435 For þise sixe kyndenessis.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. lxxxvi^v All these kyndnesses suffised not..to make this kyng Iames frendly to the realme of Englande.

1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus v. iii. 170 Doe them that kindnes [1623 kindnesse] and take leaue of them.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iii. ii. 21 I haue receyued some small kindnesses from him, as Money, Plate, Iewels.

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xvi. 460 This Tide, which did us a kindness in setting us through.

1743 N. Appleton Several Disc. Romans VIII. xiv v. 153 The Gentle-Man..will be so friendly, so yielding, and condescending, so obliging, and ready to do a Kindness.

1782 F. Burney Cecilia IV. viii. x. 325 The earliest circumstances she could trace were kindnesses received from her.

a1832 J. Bentham Deontology (1834) I. i. xvi. 233 A man may resent a kindness as well as an unkindness.

1861 A. Trollope Orley Farm (1862) I. i. 8 Mr. Dockwrath..had permitted his wife to accept all those numberless kindnesses which a lady with comfortable means and no children is always able to bestow.

1928 R. Knister Canad. Short Stories 208 I'd done him a kindness a little while back.

1994 Dog World Aug. 95/2 Many hotels have designated dog-walking areas, but even so, it's a kindness to scoop after your pet.

2008 Ashmolean Summer 9/2 Information on auction sales not to be missed, valuations with no fee attached..hospitality at their home, all these kindnesses and many others have enriched our lives.

2012 D. Park Light of Amsterdam ix. 212 That's what it was—a kindness, a kindness given out of her love.

2. Fondness, affection, or love for someone or something. Also: good will, favour, friendliness. Formerly also with to. Now archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > love > affection > [noun]

lovingeOE

cherte?c1225

amoura1300

dearnessc1320

affectionc1384

homelinessc1384

kindnessc1390

affect1440

gleimc1449

regard?1533

infection1600

affectation1607

fonding1640

endearedness1654

charities1667

endearment1709

affectuosity1730

affectionateness1751

fondliness1821

grá1833

aroha1846

c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. iii. l. 280 Vnkuyndenesse is Comaundour and kuyndenesse is Banescht.

1405 in J. Robertson Illustr. Topogr. & Antiq. Aberdeen & Banff (1857) III. 200 The said Erl..of his kindeli gudelynes..and for othir causis of certane kindenes before made sal..suppouale the saide Schir Dauid.

c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1879) l. 665 But herkenyth ȝe that spekyn of kyndenesse..Here may ȝe sen of wemen which a trouthe.

?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 54 Sum kissis me, sum clappis me, sum kyndnes me proferis.

1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. C3 I went in all loue & kindnesse to the Marshall generall of the field.

1667 S. Pepys Diary 2 Sept. (1974) VIII. 416 Sir G. Carteret..tells me that he is sure he hath no kindness from the King.

1683 in Pennsylvania Arch. (1852) I. 59 Unwilling to withdraw my kindness to the General Good.

1709 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 21 Aug. (1965) I. 11 'Tis not in my power..to hide a kindness where I have one.

1779 S. Johnson Milton in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets II. 10 He left the university with no kindness for its institution.

1807 Salmagundi 7 Mar. 95 A lady for whom he had once entertained a sneaking kindness.

1899 K. Chopin Awakening xxiv. 185 The Colonel reproached his daughter for her lack of filial kindness and respect.

1915 Amer. Mag. May 12/3 You'd be surprised to see how human some of those people are. I have always felt a kindness for them.

1963 J. W. Derry Regency Crisis & Whigs 1788–9 iii. 145 Fox confessed that he himself had been accustomed to opposition for so long as almost to have a kindness for it.

2010 A. Stuart Reckless ii. 37 Etienne had a kindness for his young cousin.

†3. Kinship, near or special relationship; (also) natural affection arising from this. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > [noun]

sibOE

kindredOE

sibredlOE

sibnessa1250

sib-lawc1275

kindheadc1325

cousinagec1350

kinheada1375

affinitya1382

kindnessc1390

parentelec1390

parentelac1415

parentage1548

relation1561

cousinship1570

connatenessa1652

relationship1724

kindredship1733

connection1773

familyhood1808

kindredness1826

kinsmanship1842

c1390 in C. Horstmann Minor Poems Vernon MS (1892) i. 45 (MED) Ȝif I for kyndenes [?a1425 Rawl. kyndnes] schulde loue mi kinne..Bi kuynde skil I schulde bi-ginne At him þat haþ me maad of nouht.

a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) iv. l. 720 Þey þat hadde y-knowen here of yore Seygh here so wepe and þoughte it kyndenesse.

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xiii. l. 567 (MED) Alas..That for me my broþer scholde lesen his lyf..For this kendenesse that þou dost for Me I ne hadde neuere good to qwiten it to the.

a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) vii. l. 1782 Bath kyn and kyndnes he forȝhet.

1584 W. Warner Pan his Syrinx xxxviii. sig. P^v If to be fostered vp, and that with their blood be kindnesse, euen from their stretched pappes was it sucked.

c1613 ( in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 211 I..desired you to shew your fatherly kindnes unto my poore wife and me.

1617 J. Davies Wits Bedlam sig. K3^v But, like a Father, thou to Iacke hast bin; That is, in kindnesse, farre beyond his Kin.

1677 R. Gilpin Dæmonol. Sacra i. vi. 45 The engagements of Kindness, Bloud, Affinity, and Relation.

1821 W. Scott Kenilworth II. vii. 184 What! Shall we not..warm the cockles of our ancient kindness?

1894 N.Y. Evangelist 29 Mar. 17 There can be no brotherly kindness, no brotherhood, so long as one desires for himself what belongs to another.

†4.

a. Natural inclination, disposition, or aptitude. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ability > [noun] > ability or talent

enginea1393

virtuea1425

kindnessc1425

part1561

vogue1590

disposition1600

talent1602

genio1612

genius1649

turn1721

aptitude1793

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. l. 4645 (MED) She ne myȝt, of verray kyndnesse Of womanhede, nor of gentilnes, Refusen hym.

c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 4700 (MED) All ȝoure lefing & ȝoure lare at ȝe so loude prayse, It comis bot of a kyndnes & of na clene thewys.

1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 17 Either we want a kindness for the business..or else that we want respect enough for the Author.

b. Goodness of quality or standard; possession of a particular good or useful attribute. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1664 J. Beale Let. 1 Apr. in H. Oldenburg Corr. (1965) II. 154 Some plants can hardly be raysed, or if they be raysed can hardly obtaine all the fortune & kindness of ye soyle where they are planted.

1707 W. Oliver Pract. Diss. Bath Waters 104 Why may not other places by the Kindness of their Soil, or Mineral Substances in the Bowels of the Earth, impregnate our Aliments?

1838 R. Southey Doctor V. 90 Kindness of disposition in a beast importing in their language, that it fattens soon.

1875 Encycl. Brit. I. 171/1 A good loaf should have kindness of structure, being neither chaffy, nor flaky, nor crummy, nor sodden.

5. Scots Law. A right or claim to a title or tenure in land based on descent or inheritance; (spec.) the tenure held by a kindly tenant (cf. kindly adj. 4a). Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > right to succeed to title, position, or estate > [noun] > hereditary > right by descent

descender1465

kindness1522

hereditation1649

1522 in Trans. Dumfries & Galloway Nat. Hist. & Antiquarian Soc. (1929) 15 305 The inqueist admittis Cristane McGee..to the kyndnes of half ane akyr of the commone lands.

c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. vi. x. f. 72^v/1 The nobillis of Britane gaif to Fincormak..all the landis of Westmureland and Cumber with clame and kindnes thairof perpetually.

1578 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) 1578/7/32 To sie that the saidis kyndlie tennentis be satisfeit for thair kyndnes.

1612 in W. B. D. D. Turnbull Chartuleries Balmerino & Lindores (1841) 75 Dauid Carnegy..now surrogat be his said fader in his richt place and kyndnes of the saidis teindis.

1649 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Glasgow (1881) II. 516 To the relict of vmquhill John Scott for hir kyndnes of the old smiddihous hir husband buildit..in Briggait.

1700 A. Birnie Compend Ordinary Securities Scotl. ii. x. 67 All Right, Title, Interest, Claim of right, Kindness, Property and Possession.

1774 Decisions Court of Session till 1764 5 1 Udal lands must be bruiked by some lawful title, and that naked kindness and natural possession is not sufficient to give right thereto.

a1814 J. Ramsay Scotl. & Scotsmen 18th Cent. (1888) II. 355 The tenure of kindness..was not at that time totally eradicated from the minds of proprietors and tenants.

1932 A. Cunningham Loyal Clans (2015) 17 Common rights to the use of land..survived in a modified form in the persistent claim to ‘kindness’ or security of tenure.

1981 J. Wormald Court, Kirk, & Community iii. 54 Parliament..maintained their decision that the feu should not be confirmed until the tenants were satisfied for their kindness.

2013 J. Goodare in J. Whittle Landlords & Tenants Brit., 1440–1660 106 By 1681..unwritten or customary ‘kindness’ had also been lost from sight.

†6. The name given to: an outbreak of disease which occurred in Scotland in 1580. Obsolete.See discussion in etymology section.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > other human disorders > [noun]

thringa1400

pip?a1425

foge?c1475

pankc1475

day and night shot1527

kindnessc1600

elf-shot1681

pseudo-syphilis1810

c1600 D. Moysie Mem. Affairs Scotl. (1830) 146 A greatt multitude of the inhabitants of Edinburgh contracted ane vnkoe sicknes, whilke was baptised kyndnes.

†7. A benefit, an advantage. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > [noun] > an advantage, benefit, or favourable circumstance > a benefit

benefit1597

kindness1677

1677 R. Gilpin Dæmonol. Sacra iii. viii. 54 This should make us most suspect those Temptations that offer us most kindness and advantage.

1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Belching Belching is a Kindness to the Person whose Belly is fill'd with Wind.

Compounds

† kindness-proof adj. Obsolete impervious to or unaffected by kindness.

ΚΠ

1692 R. South 12 Serm. I. 578 I may truly say of the Mind of an Ungratefull person, that it is Kindness-proof.

1827 T. Moore in Ant: Select. of Pieces 309 Hate hath no breastplate kindness-proof.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	kindness
释义	kindnessn. Brit. /ˈkʌɪn(d)nᵻs/, U.S. /ˈkaɪn(d)nᵻs/ Forms: see kind adj. and -ness suffix. Also Middle English kyndynes, Middle English kyndinesse. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: kind adj., -ness suffix. Etymology: < kind adj. + -ness suffix.The motivation for use in sense 6 is unclear. It has been suggested that it may have arisen by association with an unrelated word for the throat disease quinsy (compare e.g. squinance n., cynanche n.), but evidence to support this appears to be lacking. Compare Old English gecyndnes generation, nation, growing things ( < i-cunde n. + -ness suffix). 1. a. The quality or state of being kind; kind nature or disposition, or the demonstration of this in action or conduct. Also (now somewhat formal): the quality or state of being courteous.Quot. c1300 may instead show sense 1b, i.e. ‘a kind act’. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] goodshipOE goodnessOE well-willingnessOE goodlaikc1175 charity?c1225 courtesy1297 kindnessc1300 meeknessc1300 kindheada1325 benignityc1374 benevolencec1384 kindshipa1393 betternessa1400 homeliness1402 goodliness1405 courteousnessc1430 kindliness1440 kindlaikc1450 beneficialness1528 beneficence1531 benevolency1545 beneficency1576 kindheartedness1583 benefiting1594 candidness1643 benefacture1651 geniality1652 candour1653 hearta1656 obliging1676 benevolentness1736 affectionateness1751 warm-heartedness1808 Samaritanism1843 sweet-heartedness1865 benignancy1876 c1300 St. Patrick's Purgatory (Laud) 157 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 204 We ne beoth nouȝt so onkuynde, þat we it nellez ȝelde þe bliue For þe kundenesse [a1325 Corpus Cambr. cundehede] þat þov to us come. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 321 [They] han al kindenes me kyd & y ne kan hem ȝelde! ?a1430 Compleynte Virgin (Huntington) l. 145 in Minor Poems T. Hoccleve (1970) i. 4 Is ther in thee no sparcle of kyndenesse? 1446 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1855) II. 119 (MED) I thonke yow herteley of all kyndenes that ye have done to me before this tyme. a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 36/2 The common people, whiche oftentymes..take for greatter kindenesse, a lyttle courtesye, then a greate benefyte. 1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 52 Na tung sic kyndnes can expres. a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) i. v. 16 I feare thy Nature, It is too full o' th' Milke of humane kindnesse . View more context for this quotation 1661 J. Fell Life Hammond 171 The Excellent Doctor met this unknown Romantick undertaker with his accustom'd kindness. 1709 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 5 Sept. (1965) I. 14 The kindness of your last recompenses me for the injustice of your former letter. 1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 75. ⁋10 They..inflict pain where kindness is intended. 1814 J. Austen Mansfield Park II. ii. 35 Her kindness did sometimes overpower her judgment. 1871 S. Smiles Character viii. 228 Kindness does not consist in gifts, but in gentleness and generosity of spirit. 1931 Church Times 8 May 569/3 The kindness and consideration shown by your good self to me. 1992 ARTPOST44 Summer 13/3 When McCarthy walked into the classroom.., you could feel her warmth and kindness. 2012 Daily Tel. 24 Feb. 2/4 Doctors and nurses are to be instructed to treat patients with ‘dignity, kindness and compassion’. b. As a count noun: an instance of this; a kind or courteous deed or act; a good turn, a favour; (also) †a gift (obsolete). Cf. goodness n. 3.Quot. c1300 at sense 1a may show this sense. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] > act of kindness goodOE loveOE estdedea1325 bounty1330 benefice1340 benefit1377 while1382 whileness1382 officec1384 excellencec1385 goodshipa1393 kindnessc1400 benevolencec1425 benignityc1534 obligement1611 obligation1618 friendlinessa1633 benevolenta1639 beneficence1654 amability1655 benefactiona1662 knight-service1675 kindliness1883 humanity1985 c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. v. l. 440 The kyndenesse þat myne euene-cristene kidde me..I..haue fo[r]ȝete it. c1475 (?c1400) J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) III. 435 For þise sixe kyndenessis. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. lxxxvi^v All these kyndnesses suffised not..to make this kyng Iames frendly to the realme of Englande. 1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus v. iii. 170 Doe them that kindnes [1623 kindnesse] and take leaue of them. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iii. ii. 21 I haue receyued some small kindnesses from him, as Money, Plate, Iewels. View more context for this quotation 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xvi. 460 This Tide, which did us a kindness in setting us through. 1743 N. Appleton Several Disc. Romans VIII. xiv v. 153 The Gentle-Man..will be so friendly, so yielding, and condescending, so obliging, and ready to do a Kindness. 1782 F. Burney Cecilia IV. viii. x. 325 The earliest circumstances she could trace were kindnesses received from her. a1832 J. Bentham Deontology (1834) I. i. xvi. 233 A man may resent a kindness as well as an unkindness. 1861 A. Trollope Orley Farm (1862) I. i. 8 Mr. Dockwrath..had permitted his wife to accept all those numberless kindnesses which a lady with comfortable means and no children is always able to bestow. 1928 R. Knister Canad. Short Stories 208 I'd done him a kindness a little while back. 1994 Dog World Aug. 95/2 Many hotels have designated dog-walking areas, but even so, it's a kindness to scoop after your pet. 2008 Ashmolean Summer 9/2 Information on auction sales not to be missed, valuations with no fee attached..hospitality at their home, all these kindnesses and many others have enriched our lives. 2012 D. Park Light of Amsterdam ix. 212 That's what it was—a kindness, a kindness given out of her love. 2. Fondness, affection, or love for someone or something. Also: good will, favour, friendliness. Formerly also with to. Now archaic. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > affection > [noun] lovingeOE cherte?c1225 amoura1300 dearnessc1320 affectionc1384 homelinessc1384 kindnessc1390 affect1440 gleimc1449 regard?1533 infection1600 affectation1607 fonding1640 endearedness1654 charities1667 endearment1709 affectuosity1730 affectionateness1751 fondliness1821 grá1833 aroha1846 c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. iii. l. 280 Vnkuyndenesse is Comaundour and kuyndenesse is Banescht. 1405 in J. Robertson Illustr. Topogr. & Antiq. Aberdeen & Banff (1857) III. 200 The said Erl..of his kindeli gudelynes..and for othir causis of certane kindenes before made sal..suppouale the saide Schir Dauid. c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1879) l. 665 But herkenyth ȝe that spekyn of kyndenesse..Here may ȝe sen of wemen which a trouthe. ?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 54 Sum kissis me, sum clappis me, sum kyndnes me proferis. 1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. C3 I went in all loue & kindnesse to the Marshall generall of the field. 1667 S. Pepys Diary 2 Sept. (1974) VIII. 416 Sir G. Carteret..tells me that he is sure he hath no kindness from the King. 1683 in Pennsylvania Arch. (1852) I. 59 Unwilling to withdraw my kindness to the General Good. 1709 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 21 Aug. (1965) I. 11 'Tis not in my power..to hide a kindness where I have one. 1779 S. Johnson Milton in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets II. 10 He left the university with no kindness for its institution. 1807 Salmagundi 7 Mar. 95 A lady for whom he had once entertained a sneaking kindness. 1899 K. Chopin Awakening xxiv. 185 The Colonel reproached his daughter for her lack of filial kindness and respect. 1915 Amer. Mag. May 12/3 You'd be surprised to see how human some of those people are. I have always felt a kindness for them. 1963 J. W. Derry Regency Crisis & Whigs 1788–9 iii. 145 Fox confessed that he himself had been accustomed to opposition for so long as almost to have a kindness for it. 2010 A. Stuart Reckless ii. 37 Etienne had a kindness for his young cousin. †3. Kinship, near or special relationship; (also) natural affection arising from this. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > [noun] sibOE kindredOE sibredlOE sibnessa1250 sib-lawc1275 kindheadc1325 cousinagec1350 kinheada1375 affinitya1382 kindnessc1390 parentelec1390 parentelac1415 parentage1548 relation1561 cousinship1570 connatenessa1652 relationship1724 kindredship1733 connection1773 familyhood1808 kindredness1826 kinsmanship1842 c1390 in C. Horstmann Minor Poems Vernon MS (1892) i. 45 (MED) Ȝif I for kyndenes [?a1425 Rawl. kyndnes] schulde loue mi kinne..Bi kuynde skil I schulde bi-ginne At him þat haþ me maad of nouht. a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) iv. l. 720 Þey þat hadde y-knowen here of yore Seygh here so wepe and þoughte it kyndenesse. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xiii. l. 567 (MED) Alas..That for me my broþer scholde lesen his lyf..For this kendenesse that þou dost for Me I ne hadde neuere good to qwiten it to the. a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) vii. l. 1782 Bath kyn and kyndnes he forȝhet. 1584 W. Warner Pan his Syrinx xxxviii. sig. P^v If to be fostered vp, and that with their blood be kindnesse, euen from their stretched pappes was it sucked. c1613 ( in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 211 I..desired you to shew your fatherly kindnes unto my poore wife and me. 1617 J. Davies Wits Bedlam sig. K3^v But, like a Father, thou to Iacke hast bin; That is, in kindnesse, farre beyond his Kin. 1677 R. Gilpin Dæmonol. Sacra i. vi. 45 The engagements of Kindness, Bloud, Affinity, and Relation. 1821 W. Scott Kenilworth II. vii. 184 What! Shall we not..warm the cockles of our ancient kindness? 1894 N.Y. Evangelist 29 Mar. 17 There can be no brotherly kindness, no brotherhood, so long as one desires for himself what belongs to another. †4. a. Natural inclination, disposition, or aptitude. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ability > [noun] > ability or talent enginea1393 virtuea1425 kindnessc1425 part1561 vogue1590 disposition1600 talent1602 genio1612 genius1649 turn1721 aptitude1793 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. l. 4645 (MED) She ne myȝt, of verray kyndnesse Of womanhede, nor of gentilnes, Refusen hym. c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 4700 (MED) All ȝoure lefing & ȝoure lare at ȝe so loude prayse, It comis bot of a kyndnes & of na clene thewys. 1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 17 Either we want a kindness for the business..or else that we want respect enough for the Author. b. Goodness of quality or standard; possession of a particular good or useful attribute. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1664 J. Beale Let. 1 Apr. in H. Oldenburg Corr. (1965) II. 154 Some plants can hardly be raysed, or if they be raysed can hardly obtaine all the fortune & kindness of ye soyle where they are planted. 1707 W. Oliver Pract. Diss. Bath Waters 104 Why may not other places by the Kindness of their Soil, or Mineral Substances in the Bowels of the Earth, impregnate our Aliments? 1838 R. Southey Doctor V. 90 Kindness of disposition in a beast importing in their language, that it fattens soon. 1875 Encycl. Brit. I. 171/1 A good loaf should have kindness of structure, being neither chaffy, nor flaky, nor crummy, nor sodden. 5. Scots Law. A right or claim to a title or tenure in land based on descent or inheritance; (spec.) the tenure held by a kindly tenant (cf. kindly adj. 4a). Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > right to succeed to title, position, or estate > [noun] > hereditary > right by descent descender1465 kindness1522 hereditation1649 1522 in Trans. Dumfries & Galloway Nat. Hist. & Antiquarian Soc. (1929) 15 305 The inqueist admittis Cristane McGee..to the kyndnes of half ane akyr of the commone lands. c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. vi. x. f. 72^v/1 The nobillis of Britane gaif to Fincormak..all the landis of Westmureland and Cumber with clame and kindnes thairof perpetually. 1578 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) 1578/7/32 To sie that the saidis kyndlie tennentis be satisfeit for thair kyndnes. 1612 in W. B. D. D. Turnbull Chartuleries Balmerino & Lindores (1841) 75 Dauid Carnegy..now surrogat be his said fader in his richt place and kyndnes of the saidis teindis. 1649 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Glasgow (1881) II. 516 To the relict of vmquhill John Scott for hir kyndnes of the old smiddihous hir husband buildit..in Briggait. 1700 A. Birnie Compend Ordinary Securities Scotl. ii. x. 67 All Right, Title, Interest, Claim of right, Kindness, Property and Possession. 1774 Decisions Court of Session till 1764 5 1 Udal lands must be bruiked by some lawful title, and that naked kindness and natural possession is not sufficient to give right thereto. a1814 J. Ramsay Scotl. & Scotsmen 18th Cent. (1888) II. 355 The tenure of kindness..was not at that time totally eradicated from the minds of proprietors and tenants. 1932 A. Cunningham Loyal Clans (2015) 17 Common rights to the use of land..survived in a modified form in the persistent claim to ‘kindness’ or security of tenure. 1981 J. Wormald Court, Kirk, & Community iii. 54 Parliament..maintained their decision that the feu should not be confirmed until the tenants were satisfied for their kindness. 2013 J. Goodare in J. Whittle Landlords & Tenants Brit., 1440–1660 106 By 1681..unwritten or customary ‘kindness’ had also been lost from sight. †6. The name given to: an outbreak of disease which occurred in Scotland in 1580. Obsolete.See discussion in etymology section. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > other human disorders > [noun] thringa1400 pip?a1425 foge?c1475 pankc1475 day and night shot1527 kindnessc1600 elf-shot1681 pseudo-syphilis1810 c1600 D. Moysie Mem. Affairs Scotl. (1830) 146 A greatt multitude of the inhabitants of Edinburgh contracted ane vnkoe sicknes, whilke was baptised kyndnes. †7. A benefit, an advantage. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > [noun] > an advantage, benefit, or favourable circumstance > a benefit benefit1597 kindness1677 1677 R. Gilpin Dæmonol. Sacra iii. viii. 54 This should make us most suspect those Temptations that offer us most kindness and advantage. 1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Belching Belching is a Kindness to the Person whose Belly is fill'd with Wind. Compounds † kindness-proof adj. Obsolete impervious to or unaffected by kindness. ΚΠ 1692 R. South 12 Serm. I. 578 I may truly say of the Mind of an Ungratefull person, that it is Kindness-proof. 1827 T. Moore in Ant: Select. of Pieces 309 Hate hath no breastplate kindness-proof. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1300
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