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单词 gush
释义

gushn.

Brit. /ɡʌʃ/, U.S. /ɡəʃ/
Etymology: < gush v.
1.
a. The action or an act of gushing; a copious or sudden emission of fluid; a rush (of water, blood, tears); concrete a quantity of fluid so emitted; a torrent of water, a flood of tears, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > [noun] > action or process of flowing > copiously
gushc1682
gushiness1856
the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > [noun] > that which flows > quantity > copious or sudden
gust1610
gushc1682
c1682 P. Walker in Napier Life Viscount Dundee (1859) I. i. 157 When I saw his blood run, I wished that all the blood of the Lord's..enemies in Scotland had been in his veins;..I would have rejoiced to have seen it all gone out with a gush.
1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 468. ⁋8 Giving him..one Gush of Tears, for so many Bursts of Laughter.
1754 W. Borlase in Philos. Trans. 1753 (Royal Soc.) 48 92 It fell as several separate balls of fire; but upon the house as a large gush, or torrent.
1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 238/2 The blood..never flows with a gush or per saltum.
1836 M. Scott Cruise of Midge xvii. 291 The..gushes from the rudder swirl..astern mellifluously.
1841 G. Catlin Lett. N. Amer. Indians II. xxxii. 4 Pardon this gush from a stranger's eyes.
1851 M. Reid Scalp Hunters II. xvii. 285 A red gush spurted over the garments of the Indian.
1886 C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David VII. Ps. cxlv. 6–7 A song fresh, free, constant, joyous, refreshing, abundant, like the gush of a spring.
b. The rustling sound of wind among trees.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > repeated sound or succession of sounds > [noun] > rustling
whisping1379
rustlinga1387
flushinga1398
ruffling1440
stichling?1553
brustling1589
rustle1624
rash1671
titter1853
fidget1860
gush1866
reesle1866
frou-frou1870
silking1871
1866 G. MacDonald Ann. Quiet Neighbourhood xii, in Sunday Mag. Mar. 355/1 It [the wind] rose with a slow gush in the trees.
2. transferred and figurative. A sudden and violent outbreak; a ‘burst’.
a. Of physical phenomena: A gust or rush of wind (now dialect); a burst (of light, heat, sound); a burst (of bloom).
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > blast or gust of
ghosteOE
blasta1000
blas?c1225
ragec1405
blorec1440
flaw1513
thud1513
flaga1522
fuddera1522
flake1555
flan1572
whid?1590
flirta1592
gust1594
berry1598
wind-catch1610
snuff1613
stress1625
flash1653
blow1655
fresh1662
scud1694
flurry1698
gush1704
flam1711
waff1727
flawer1737
Roger's Blasta1825
flaff1827
slat1840
scart1861
rodges-blast1879
huffle1889
slap1890
slammer1891
Sir Roger1893
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > copious or continuous > instance of
streamc900
wellOE
outstreaminga1398
flood1589
profluvium1603
shower1656
gush1704
outgushing1823
outgush1835
outwelling1852
out-flood1859
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [noun] > bursting violently from rest or restraint > instance of
outbreakinga1387
breaking-out1552
outbreak1562
eruption1598
storm1602
out-breach1609
fulmination1623
outflying1641
outburst1657
float1763
overboiling1767
irruption1811
gush1821
outflash1831
outflush1834
shooting forth1837
outbursting1838
blow-off1842
outblaze1843
upburst1843
upthrow1855
upbreak1856
spurt1859
outlash1868
spitfire1886
Brock's benefit1948
the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [noun] > blossom or flower(s) > a burst of
gush1849
1704 tr. P. Baldæus True Descr. Malabar & Coromandel in A. Churchill & J. Churchill Coll. Voy. III. 649/2 Violent gushes of Wind.
1821 J. Clare Village Minstrel II. 16 Till bursting off it [a damm'd brook] plopt, In running gushes of wild murmuring groans.
a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Gush, a gust of wind.
1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge lxxii. 357 The host of that tavern approached in a gush of cheerful light to help them to dismount.
1849 J. Ruskin Seven Lamps Archit. vi. 163 A blue gush of violets, and cowslip bells in sunny places.
1851 D. G. Mitchell Fresh Gleanings in Wks. (1864) 323 A faint gush of a distant bugle-note came up over the evening air.
1871 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. (1879) I. ii. 54 A gush of invisible radiant heat.
1892 Garden 27 Aug. 196 This is about the first gush of bloom.
b. Of feeling and its expression, of action, condition, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > passion > [noun] > sudden outburst or access of passion
heatc1200
gerec1369
accessc1384
braida1450
guerie1542
bursting1552
ruff1567
riot1575
suddentyc1575
pathaire1592
flaw1596
blaze1597
start1598
passion1599
firework1601
storm1602
estuation1605
gare1606
accession?1608
vehemency1612
boutade1614
flush1614
escapea1616
egression1651
ebullition1655
ebulliency1667
flushinga1680
ecstasy1695
gusta1704
gush1720
vehemence1741
burst1751
overboiling1767
explosion1769
outflaming1836
passion fit1842
outfly1877
Vesuvius1886
outflame1889
1720 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad VI. xxiv. 638 Each by turns indulg'd the Gush of Woe.
1812 W. S. Landor Count Julian in Wks. (1846) II. 512 The troubled dreams and deafening gush of youth.
1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits viii. 136 The Saxon melancholy in the vulgar rich and poor appears as gushes of ill-humour.
1874 L. Stephen Hours in Libr. 1st Ser. 135 There are more frequent gushes of sustained rhetoric.
1878 R. Browning Two Poets of Croisic in La Saisiaz & Two Poets of Croisic 105 Gush on gush of praise.
c. colloquial. A whiff, smell.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > [noun]
smacka1000
breathOE
smella1175
irea1300
weffea1300
thefa1325
relesec1330
odour?c1335
incensea1340
flair1340
savoura1350
smellingc1386
flavourc1400
fumec1400
reflairc1400
air?a1439
scent?1473
taste?c1475
verdure1520
senteur1601
waft1611
effluvium1656
fluor1671
burning scent1681
aura1732
fumet1735
snuff1763
olfacient1822
odouret1825
waff1827
gush1841
sniff1844
tang1858
nose1894
1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop i. vii. 120 The gush of tobacco came from the shop.
1859 G. A. Sala Gaslight & Daylight iv. 43 A gush of fish, stale and fresh, stretches across Thames Street.
d. U.S. colloquial. (See quot. 1859.)
ΚΠ
1859 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 2) Gush, a great abundance. A Texan would say, ‘We have got a gush of peaches in our neck of the woods’.
3. colloquial. Objectionably effusive or sentimental display of feeling, esp. in verbal expression.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > [noun] > sentimentality > sentimental speech or writing
gush1866
rose pink1872
sob-stuff1918
gloop1957
1866 Sat. Rev. 4 Aug. 137/2 Some romantic nonsense, born of gush and the circulating library.
1869 Daily News 14 Dec. The book altogether is silly, and full of gush and twaddle.
1872 O. W. Holmes Poet at Breakfast-table (1885) v. 124 He didn't go in ‘for sentiment... Gush was played out’.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

gushv.

Brit. /ɡʌʃ/, U.S. /ɡəʃ/
Forms: Middle English gosshe, gusche, 1500s gus(s)he, guszhe, gousshe, gowshe, 1500s– gush.
Etymology: Middle English gosshe, gusche; as the word is wanting in Old English and the other Germanic languages, there is nothing to forbid the supposition that it originated onomatopoeically in Middle English. If it be of pre-English origin, it must apparently be a derivative with suffix k or sk from the weak grade of one of the Germanic roots *geut- or *geus- (see below), in which case its echoic expressiveness would be an accidental development. The current but phonologically untenable view is that the word is an adoption of some one of the Scandinavian or Low German words representing the Germanic root *geus- (:gaus- : gūs- ), several of which closely resemble it in sound and sense; compare, for instance, Old Norse giósa strong verb, to spurt, gush, modern Icelandic gusa a gush, gusa weak verb, to gush, Middle Dutch goysen (Dutch dialect guisen , guizen , goezen ), Dutch gutsen , gudsen to gush. The root *geus- (which does not occur in Old English) is usually regarded as derived < pre-Germanic *gheud- (Germanic *geut- , Old English géotan to pour: see yet v., also gote n., gut n.) + suffix t, according to the phonetic law by which a dental + t became in Old Germanic ss, simplified after a long vowel or diphthong to s; the weak form gus- with single s being developed analogically.
1.
a. intransitive. ‘To flow or rush out with violence’ (Johnson); to issue suddenly or in copious streams, as water or other fluid when released from confinement, blood from a wound, etc. Frequently with down, in, forth, out, up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > liquid which has been emitted > action or process of emitting copiously > be emitted [verb (intransitive)] > suddenly or forcibly
outspinc1330
gush?a1400
spinc1400
shoot1488
spurge1488
outgush1558
belch1581
sprouta1595
the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > flow [verb (intransitive)] > copiously
wallc893
bolkena1300
railc1390
gush?a1400
hella1400
walterc1400
yraylle1426
downpoura1522
pour1538
bolk1541
flush1548
sluice1593
teem1753
flux1823
swill1884
the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > abound [verb (intransitive)] > flow or fall abundantly
overflowOE
rainc1175
streama1250
overfleeta1325
fleetc1374
gush?a1400
pour1538
troll1576
to rain in1596
?a1400 Morte Arth. 1130 Bothe þe guttez and the gorre guschez owte at ones.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms lxxvii[i]. 16 He brought waters out of the stony rocke, so that they gusshed out like the ryuers.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Acts i. C [He] hanged himself, and brast a sunder in the myddes, and all his bowels guszhed out.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1607 The water..Gosshet through Godardys & other grete vautes.
1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xii. 47 The blacke and Euxine Sea..gusheth out through the mouth of her wyth great vyolence intoo the Sea Ponticque.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. i. sig. A6v A streame of cole black blood forth gushed from her corse.
c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1644 (1955) II. 227 In the nave of the Church gusshes a fountaine.
a1691 R. Boyle Gen. Hist. Air (1692) 176 Very exuberant springs..issuing from the tops of most of the other mountains, gushing out in great spouts.
1727 S. Switzer Pract. Kitchen Gardiner ii. vii. 57 The air gushes in with too great violence.
1728 A. Pope Dunciad i. 201 Then gush'd the tears.
1819 W. Irving Sketch Bk. i. 54 He could not speak, but the tears gushed into his eyes.
1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) II. xv. 284 A hot sulphureous spring gushes up in a copious stream.
1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. xxvii. 220 A cloud of vapor gushes out at every chink.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxiii. 161 The rain at length began to gush in torrents.
b. Taken as an echoic word.
ΚΠ
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 573/2 I gowshe, I make a noyse, as water dothe that cometh hastely out... Herke howe this water goussheth with strykynge agaynst the stones: escoutez comment ceste eaue bruyt, or grondelle en heurtant contre ces pierres.
2. transferred and figurative. To issue, emanate, or be emitted copiously. Often directly figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out [verb (intransitive)] > copiously or continuously
flowc825
outfloweOE
outstreama1275
streama1300
boilc1300
welta1400
buschc1400
waltc1400
outwellc1443
pour1538
outgush1558
gush1577
outpour1581
spew1670
well1812
sluice1859
the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > abound [verb (intransitive)]
flowc1000
flower1340
abounda1350
redounda1382
swarm1399
walm1399
bound1568
pour1574
gush1577
exuberate1623
pullulate1641
hotter1860
resonate1955
1577 R. Stanyhurst Hist. Irelande iii. 77/2 in R. Holinshed Chron. I To stoppe vppe the spring, from whence, all these enuious suspitions gushed.
1638 F. Junius Painting of Ancients 16 Their Poems gushing forth as out of a plentifull water-spring.
a1718 N. Rowe Royal Convert iv. i, in Wks. (1720) 61 The native Greatness of my Spirit fails, Thus melts, and thus runs gushing thro' my Eyes.
1733 A. Pope Ess. Man i. 142 For me Health gushes from a thousand springs.
1826 E. B. Barrett Ess. on Mind Wisdom's music from thy lips hath gush'd.
1852 N. Hawthorne Paradise Children in Wonder-bk. (1879) 90 Sweet voices of children,..gushing out in merry laughter.
1853 W. C. Bryant Poems (new ed.) 339 Wavy tresses gushing from the cap.
1860 C. Kingsley Misc. (ed. 2) I. 366 As for his tenderness..it gushes forth toward every creature.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xviii. 125 The sunlight gushed down upon the heights.
3. Of a person, parts of the body, etc.: To have a copious flow of blood, tears, etc.; also with out, forth. Const. with, †of, in, into (tears, blood, etc.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > secretory organs > action or process of secreting > [verb (intransitive)]
gush1530
the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > make abundant [verb (transitive)] > pour abundantly
rineeOE
pourc1330
streama1425
gush1530
troll1573
flood1829
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 573/2 Sodaynly his nose gousshed out of blood.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms cxviii. [cxix.] 136 Myne eyes gusshe out with water.
1561 Hist. Jacob & 12 Sons (Collier) 24 She..smit her nose that gushed all in blood.
1612 N. Field Woman a Weather-cocke i. ii. C 4 b Gush eyes, thumpe hand, swell heart, Buttons flie open.
a1617 P. Baynes Lectures 249 in Comm. First & Second Chapters Colossians (1634) Whose eyes would not have gushed out?
1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 254 Gushing out with teares, he said [etc.].
1740 S. Richardson Pamela II. 105 My dear Father, not able to contain himself,..gushed out into a Flood of Tears.
1811 Ora & Juliet iv. 63 His nose gushed out with blood.
1820 J. Keats Isabella in Lamia & Other Poems 57 Why were they proud? Because their marble founts Gush'd with more pride than do a wretch's tears?
1837 T. Hood in Comic Ann. 78 My nostrils gush'd, and thrice my teeth had bitten through my tongue.
1874 L. Stephen Hours in Libr. 1st Ser. 350 He..suddenly gushed forth in streams of wondrous eloquence.
4. transitive. ‘To emit in a copious effusion’ (Johnson). Also with out.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > emit > copiously > in or as in a stream
runeOE
ayetOE
yetOE
hieldc1200
pourc1330
bleed1377
spouta1398
wella1398
outyeta1400
wellc1400
effundc1420
streama1425
shed1430
diffude?a1475
skail1513
peera1522
effuse1526
diffuse1541
flow1550
gusha1555
outpoura1560
brew1581
outwell1590
spend1602
spin1610
exfuse1612
guttera1618
effude1634
disembogue1641
profund1657
efflux1669
decant1742
profuse1771
sluice1859
a1555 J. Bradford Two Notable Serm. (1574) sig. Eijv We..haue gushed oute thys geare gorgeousely in worde and dede.
c1575 W. Fulke Confut. Doctr. Purgatory (1577) 367 He gusheth out nothing but bragging and faceing.
1636 P. Heylyn Hist. Sabbath ii. 216 It [sc. a cake] gushed out blood.
a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) ii. 107 Davids eyes gusht out rivers of waters.
1756 W. Mason Ode to Memory 16 in Poems (1764) 17 Else vainly soft..would flow The soothing sadness of thy warbled woe:..Vainly..The vine gush nectar, and the virgin bloom.
1820 J. Keats Isabella in Lamia & Other Poems 56 His ears gush'd blood.
1859 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Sept. 255/2 Marble wash-hand basins gushing water mysteriously at the touching of a spring.
1898 G. Meredith Odes French Hist. 76 They were Ready to gush the flood of vain regret.
5. intransitive (colloquial). To act with impulse or effusiveness of manner; to give verbal expression to feelings or opinions in an over-effusive, exaggerated, or sentimental fashion. Also transitive with quoted words as object.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > manifestation of emotion > manifest itself [verb (intransitive)] > exhibit emotion
agonize1602
flow1677
gush1864
breast-beat1931
the mind > language > speech > loquacity or talkativeness > be talkative [verb (intransitive)] > talk excessively or chatter > with strong feeling
noise?a1425
rave1716
gnatter1826
gush1864
to shout the odds1894
rant1908
steamroller1969
1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Gush..2. To act with a sudden and rapid impulse.
1873 R. Broughton Nancy I. 91 I go to bed, feeling rather small, as one who has gushed, and whose gush has not been welcome to the recipient.
1883 M. E. Braddon Golden Calf vii ‘Yes, and you saw much of each other, and you became heart-friends’, gushed Miss Wolf.
1886 J. Ruskin Præterita II. iv. 119 There were few things he [sc. Turner] hated more than hearing people gush about particular drawings.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

gushadv.

Brit. /ɡʌʃ/, U.S. /ɡəʃ/
Etymology: < gush v.The reading gush, given by N.E.D. (1900) in the following example, is mistaken:1607 T. Middleton Revengers Trag. v. sig. H4v He that dyes drunke, falls into hell fire like a Bucket a water, qush, qush.
With a gush. In quot. quasi-int. as an echoic word.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > [adverb] > copiously
gushingly1818
gusha1845
a1845 T. Hood Compass x When, gush! a flood of brine came down The sky-light—quite a fountain.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.c1682v.?a1400adv.a1845
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