gris-grisn.

Brit.

/ˈɡriːɡriː/, U.S.

/ˈɡriˌɡri/, West African English /ˈɡriˌɡri/, Caribbean English /ˈɡriːˌɡriː/

Inflections: Plural unchanged.

Forms: 1600s griz griz, 1600s– gris-gris, 1600s– grisgris, 1700s griggory, 1700s– gri-gri, 1700s– grigri, 1800s greegree, 1800s gregre, 1800s– gree-gree, 1800s– gregree, 1800s– gri gri, 1900s gre-gre, 1900s– gregory.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French gri-gri.

Etymology: < French and French Creole gri-gri, gris-gris (1637), apparently < an Atlantic-Congo language spoken in the region around and between the Gambia and Sierra Leone rivers (compare Balanta †grígrii, recorded in 1854).The form gris-gris and similar English variants reflect French †gris-gris (with silent -s ), which was probably influenced in form by gris grey (see gris adj.). Compare also the following earlier example of a West African word cited in an English context; it is unclear whether this reflects the same word:1568 T. Hacket tr. A. Thevet New Found Worlde xxxv. f. 52 The people of Ginney, & of Canada are likewise tormented..and they call this sprite in their language Grigri [Fr. et appellent en leur langage cest esprit, Grigri].

a. In West Africa, the Caribbean, and Louisiana: a charm or amulet in the form of a piece of paper inscribed with text and placed inside a pouch or bag.Gris-gris originated in West Africa where they were worn upon one's person for protection. They were introduced to the Caribbean and Louisiana during the transatlantic slave trade. In voodoo they are also used to cause harm to others.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > non-European magic (miscellaneous) > [noun] > amulet

fetish1613

gris-gris1696

obeah1749

wonder-bag1793

saphie1799

churinga1899

1696 tr. J. Le Maire Voy. Canary Islands, Cape-Verd, Senegal & Gamby 93 These Gris-gris [Fr. Gris-gris] are wrap'd up in Linnen very hard, folded and glew'd, and cover'd over with a red Leather.

1788 J. Matthews Voy. River Sierra-Leone vi. 133 Every griggory is assigned its particular office: one is to preserve him from shot, one from poison [etc.]..and when a man happens to be killed..they only say his griggory was not so good as the person's who occasioned his death.

1803 T. Winterbottom Acct. Native Africans Sierra Leone I. xv. 258 In all the Bullom and Timmanee towns greegrees are placed to prevent the incursion of evil spirits or witches.

1956 M. W. Stearns Story of Jazz (1957) v. 48 Even today, voodoo drugstores in New Orleans are doing a profitable business in gris-gris or magic charms.

1991 G. Eisman tr. S. Ousmane Niiwam & Taaw 72 She covered her son's arms and loins with gris-gris.

†b. A person who makes gris-gris. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > non-European magic (miscellaneous) > [noun] > voodoo > spell > one who practises

gris-gris1848

voodoo1850

voodoo doctor1860

vodun1863

voodoo queen1863

voodoo king1864

voodooist1867

hoodoo1868

mamaloi1884

houngan1929

mambo1939

1848 J. G. Whittier in National Era 13 Jan. 6/5 As the Gregree holds his Fetish from the white man's gaze apart.

1884 Africa May 126 The Gospel seems also to be reaching the heathen—the Greegrees and the Fetish men and women crowding the services.

2. In full gris-gris tree. (a) the black olive tree, Bucida buceras, which is native to the Caribbean and tropical regions of the Americas; †(b) the ordeal tree, Erythrophleum suaveolens, which is native to Africa and has been used in a form of trial by ordeal (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants yielding poison > [noun] > trees or shrubs yielding poison > sassy-tree

gris-gris1734

redwater tree1818

sassy tree1851

1734 G. H. Nissen Court Deposition 9 May in R. H. Low & R. Valls St. John Backtime (1985) 11/3 They..murdered a Levango Negro belonging to Castan, at the Company plantage under the gri-gri tree.

1807 J. Corry Observ. Windward Coast Afr. vii. 71 Trial by red water consists in making the accused drink a quantity of water, into which is infused the poisonous juice of the melley or gris-gris tree.

1928 H. C. Stevens tr. F. Ossendowski Slaves of Sun viii. 108 I must give first place to the powerful poison made from the bark of the ‘teli’ or ‘gre-gre’ tree (Erythrophleum guineense).

1981 L. Valls What a Pistarckle! 52/1 Gri-gri, tree (Bucida buceras). Grows near sea. In old days was used to make ox carts.

2000 S. Harvey Dominican Republic: Rough Guide ii. 320 On other parts of the Dominican coast you'll see lots of..the swamp-dwelling gri gri that are remarkably resistant to tropical storms.

Compounds

(a) With agent nouns forming compounds in which gris-gris expresses the object of the underlying verb, as in gris-gris maker; (b) general use as a modifier, as in gris-gris bag, gris-gris man, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > non-European magic (miscellaneous) > [noun] > sorcerer or medicine man

fetisheer1613

witch doctor1718

gris-gris man1788

medicine man1801

wizard1845

inyanga1862

moloi1871

goofer1887

trick-doctor1889

a1712 J. Barbot Descr. N. & S.-Guinea i. iii, in Churchill's Coll. Voy. (1732) V. 38/1 Others are shoemakers, saddlers, or Grigri-makers, that is, conjurers to impose upon the superstitious multitude.

1788 J. Matthews Voy. River Sierra-Leone 133 They tell many wonderful stories of their griggory men.

1861 P. B. Du Chaillu Explor. Equatorial Afr. 128 Even the little children are covered with these talismans, duly consecrated by the doctor or greegree man of the tribe.

1956 Racine (Wisconsin) Jrnl.-Times 31 July 22/6 The casual visitor will have trouble purchasing the gris-gris powders and charms.

2017 J. Ward Sing, Unburied, Sing ii. 41 I was busy birthing babies and doctoring folks and making gris-gris bags for protection.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	gris-gris
释义	gris-grisn. Brit. /ˈɡriːɡriː/, U.S. /ˈɡriˌɡri/, West African English /ˈɡriˌɡri/, Caribbean English /ˈɡriːˌɡriː/ Inflections: Plural unchanged. Forms: 1600s griz griz, 1600s– gris-gris, 1600s– grisgris, 1700s griggory, 1700s– gri-gri, 1700s– grigri, 1800s greegree, 1800s gregre, 1800s– gree-gree, 1800s– gregree, 1800s– gri gri, 1900s gre-gre, 1900s– gregory. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French gri-gri. Etymology: < French and French Creole gri-gri, gris-gris (1637), apparently < an Atlantic-Congo language spoken in the region around and between the Gambia and Sierra Leone rivers (compare Balanta †grígrii, recorded in 1854).The form gris-gris and similar English variants reflect French †gris-gris (with silent -s ), which was probably influenced in form by gris grey (see gris adj.). Compare also the following earlier example of a West African word cited in an English context; it is unclear whether this reflects the same word:1568 T. Hacket tr. A. Thevet New Found Worlde xxxv. f. 52 The people of Ginney, & of Canada are likewise tormented..and they call this sprite in their language Grigri [Fr. et appellent en leur langage cest esprit, Grigri]. 1. a. In West Africa, the Caribbean, and Louisiana: a charm or amulet in the form of a piece of paper inscribed with text and placed inside a pouch or bag.Gris-gris originated in West Africa where they were worn upon one's person for protection. They were introduced to the Caribbean and Louisiana during the transatlantic slave trade. In voodoo they are also used to cause harm to others. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > non-European magic (miscellaneous) > [noun] > amulet fetish1613 gris-gris1696 obeah1749 wonder-bag1793 saphie1799 churinga1899 1696 tr. J. Le Maire Voy. Canary Islands, Cape-Verd, Senegal & Gamby 93 These Gris-gris [Fr. Gris-gris] are wrap'd up in Linnen very hard, folded and glew'd, and cover'd over with a red Leather. 1788 J. Matthews Voy. River Sierra-Leone vi. 133 Every griggory is assigned its particular office: one is to preserve him from shot, one from poison [etc.]..and when a man happens to be killed..they only say his griggory was not so good as the person's who occasioned his death. 1803 T. Winterbottom Acct. Native Africans Sierra Leone I. xv. 258 In all the Bullom and Timmanee towns greegrees are placed to prevent the incursion of evil spirits or witches. 1956 M. W. Stearns Story of Jazz (1957) v. 48 Even today, voodoo drugstores in New Orleans are doing a profitable business in gris-gris or magic charms. 1991 G. Eisman tr. S. Ousmane Niiwam & Taaw 72 She covered her son's arms and loins with gris-gris. †b. A person who makes gris-gris. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > non-European magic (miscellaneous) > [noun] > voodoo > spell > one who practises gris-gris1848 voodoo1850 voodoo doctor1860 vodun1863 voodoo queen1863 voodoo king1864 voodooist1867 hoodoo1868 mamaloi1884 houngan1929 mambo1939 1848 J. G. Whittier in National Era 13 Jan. 6/5 As the Gregree holds his Fetish from the white man's gaze apart. 1884 Africa May 126 The Gospel seems also to be reaching the heathen—the Greegrees and the Fetish men and women crowding the services. 2. In full gris-gris tree. (a) the black olive tree, Bucida buceras, which is native to the Caribbean and tropical regions of the Americas; †(b) the ordeal tree, Erythrophleum suaveolens, which is native to Africa and has been used in a form of trial by ordeal (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants yielding poison > [noun] > trees or shrubs yielding poison > sassy-tree gris-gris1734 redwater tree1818 sassy tree1851 1734 G. H. Nissen Court Deposition 9 May in R. H. Low & R. Valls St. John Backtime (1985) 11/3 They..murdered a Levango Negro belonging to Castan, at the Company plantage under the gri-gri tree. 1807 J. Corry Observ. Windward Coast Afr. vii. 71 Trial by red water consists in making the accused drink a quantity of water, into which is infused the poisonous juice of the melley or gris-gris tree. 1928 H. C. Stevens tr. F. Ossendowski Slaves of Sun viii. 108 I must give first place to the powerful poison made from the bark of the ‘teli’ or ‘gre-gre’ tree (Erythrophleum guineense). 1981 L. Valls What a Pistarckle! 52/1 Gri-gri, tree (Bucida buceras). Grows near sea. In old days was used to make ox carts. 2000 S. Harvey Dominican Republic: Rough Guide ii. 320 On other parts of the Dominican coast you'll see lots of..the swamp-dwelling gri gri that are remarkably resistant to tropical storms. Compounds (a) With agent nouns forming compounds in which gris-gris expresses the object of the underlying verb, as in gris-gris maker; (b) general use as a modifier, as in gris-gris bag, gris-gris man, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > non-European magic (miscellaneous) > [noun] > sorcerer or medicine man fetisheer1613 witch doctor1718 gris-gris man1788 medicine man1801 wizard1845 inyanga1862 moloi1871 goofer1887 trick-doctor1889 a1712 J. Barbot Descr. N. & S.-Guinea i. iii, in Churchill's Coll. Voy. (1732) V. 38/1 Others are shoemakers, saddlers, or Grigri-makers, that is, conjurers to impose upon the superstitious multitude. 1788 J. Matthews Voy. River Sierra-Leone 133 They tell many wonderful stories of their griggory men. 1861 P. B. Du Chaillu Explor. Equatorial Afr. 128 Even the little children are covered with these talismans, duly consecrated by the doctor or greegree man of the tribe. 1956 Racine (Wisconsin) Jrnl.-Times 31 July 22/6 The casual visitor will have trouble purchasing the gris-gris powders and charms. 2017 J. Ward Sing, Unburied, Sing ii. 41 I was busy birthing babies and doctoring folks and making gris-gris bags for protection. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1696
随便看	creant crease crease it crease resistance crease-resist crease-resistance crease-resistant crease-resisting creased creaseless creasement creaser creaseresist creaseresistance creaseresistant creaseresisting creasers creases creasier creasiest creasing creasol creasy creat creatable