graphiten.
/ˈɡrafʌɪt/, U.S. /ˈɡræˌfaɪt/ 1. One of the crystalline allotropic forms of carbon (see carbon n. 1), called also black lead n. and plumbago n.
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the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > native elements and alloys > [noun] > native carbon
black lead?a1560
wad1614
killow1666
wad-lead1780
plumbago1784
graphite1796
plumbagine1800
kish1812
lead1816
pot lead1876
cliftonite1887
shungite1892
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > carbon > [noun] > graphite
graphite1796
pyrolytic carbon1946
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > mineral material > [noun] > graphite
black lead?a1560
wad1614
killow1666
wad-lead1780
plumbago1784
graphite1796
plumbagine1800
lead1816
pot lead1876
1796 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) II. 58 Plumbago, Graphite of Werner.
1849 D. Campbell Pract. Text-bk. Inorg. Chem. 13 Carbon occurs..in six-sided plates in graphite.
1871 B. Stewart Heat (ed. 2) §27 The bore contains a small index made of iron or graphite.
1896 Trans. Amer. Soc. Mech. Engineers 17 106 I have..advised the introduction of graphite of fine grades, and specially purified, wherever..great loads are to be carried on heavy and slow-moving machinery.
1963 Gregory & Pitt in F. J. Pearson Nuclear Power Technol. ix. 228 The extract properties of the graphite cannot be predicted and all batches have to be tested for their neutron absorption properties.
2. Used as a solid lubricant for machinery.
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1906 Bull. Imp. Inst. 4 358 Graphite is of the greatest value as a lubricant for machinery, especially in cases where the pressure on the bearings is very great and the movement slow, so that lubricating oils are soon pressed out.
1912 L. Archbutt & R. M. Deeley Lubrication (ed. 3) 150 In 1906, Dr. Acheson discovered amongst the products of the electric furnace a highly unctuous, soft, and almost chemically pure graphite, possessing all the properties of an ideal solid lubricant.
Compounds
General attributive, as graphite moderator, graphite pile, graphite reactor; (also instrumental) graphite-moderated adj.
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1945 H. D. Smyth Gen. Acct. Devel. Atomic Energy Mil. Purposes 63 The prospects for a graphite pile with helium cooling looked promising.
1945 H. D. Smyth Gen. Acct. Devel. Atomic Energy Mil. Purposes 68 The lattices..consisted of lumps of uranium imbedded in the graphite moderator.
1945 H. D. Smyth Gen. Acct. Devel. Atomic Energy Mil. Purposes 79 In a typical graphite-moderated pile a neutron that has escaped from the uranium into the graphite travels on the average about 2·5 cm between collisions.
1950 Amer. Speech 25 24 Reactors may be named according to fuel (uranium reactor), moderator (graphite reactor), [etc.].
1958 Times Rev. Industry Aug. 7/1 Britain will depend mainly on the gas-cooled, graphite-moderated type reactor, using natural uranium.
1962 Newnes Conc. Encycl. Nucl. Energy 511/1 With gas-cooled reactors the graphite moderator normally acts as a guide for the fuel elements.
Derivatives
graphited adj. /ˈɡræfaɪtɪd/ supplied with graphite as a lubricant; also (of a lubricant), having had graphite added to it.
/ˈɡræfaɪtɪd/ supplied with graphite as a lubricant; also (of a lubricant), having had graphite added to it.ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > mineral material > [adjective] > treated with graphite
graphited1922
1922 Autocar 10 Nov. 997 Graphited oilless bushes are freely used.
1939 J. I. Clower Lubricants v. 65 Perhaps the chief advantage of graphited oils and greases is their ability to form films of graphite on the bearing surfaces of mechanical devices.
1955 A. F. Brewer Basic Lubrication Pract. iv. 61 Bronze and cadmium-base graphited alloys involve somewhat lower maximum operating temperature ranges.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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