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单词 abbotess
释义

abbotessn.

Brit. /ˌabəˈtɛs/, /ˈabətᵻs/, U.S. /ˈæbədəs/
Forms:

α. Old English abbadisse, Old English abbadysse, Old English abbedysse (dative singular), Old English abboddisse, Old English abboddysse, Old English abbodisse, Old English abbodyssa, Old English abbodysse (dative singular), Old English abbuddisse, Old English abbuddysse, Old English abbudesse, Old English abbudisan (dative singular), Old English abbudisse, Old English abbudussan (accusative singular, perhaps transmission error), Old English abbudysse, Old English abbutisse, Old English abedisse, Old English abudisse, Old English ubbudesse (transmission error), Old English–early Middle English abbedesse, Old English–early Middle English abbodysse, Old English–Middle English abbodesse, late Old English abbedisse, late Old English abboðessa, early Middle English abbadesse, early Middle English abbodasse, early Middle English abdesse, early Middle English abodesse, early Middle English æbbadesse, early Middle English habbodesse, 1600s abadess, 1600s abadesse.

β. Old English abbatissan (inflected form), Middle English abatyse, Middle English abbatice, Middle English abbatiss, 1500s abbates (Scottish), 1500s–1600s abbatesse, 1500s–1600s abbatisse, 1600s 1800s abbatess, 1700s abatess; N.E.D. (1884) also records forms Middle English abbatesse, Middle English abbatisse.

γ. 1500s abbotesse (Scottish), 1600s– abbotess.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin abbatissa.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin abbatissa (see abbess n.), in α. forms with -d- partly reflecting late Latin and early Romance pronunciation (compare forms in the Romance languages cited at abbess n.) and partly after α. forms at abbot n.; compare also Anglo-Norman abedesse (late 13th cent., probably after English). The γ. forms show remodelling after abbot n. (compare β. forms at that entry) and -ess suffix1. Compare later abbess n.In Old English usually a weak feminine. Very occasionally inflected forms such as dative singular abbedysse , abbodysse occur, but they probably show phonological reduction of the ending of weak inflected abbodessan rather than representing a strong feminine by-form. In Old English in forms abbodyssa , abboðessa (see α. forms) apparently with ending -a after the Latin nominative singular abbatissa . In Middle English the α. forms occur chiefly in late copies of material of Old English composition. In later use in α. forms (in the works of J. Howell) after Italian badessa (compare quots. 1648, 1659 at α. ).
= abbess n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious superior > abbess > [noun]
abbotesseOE
mothereOE
dame?c1225
abbessc1300
matriarch1606
maternity1693
domina1751
α.
eOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker) anno 680 Þy ilcan geare forþferde Hild abbodesse on Streonesheale.
eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iv. xxv. 342 In ðeosse abbudissan [L. abbatissae] mynstre wæs sum broðor syndriglice mid godcundre gife gemæred & geweorðad.
OE Regularis Concordia (Tiber.) (1993) iv. 5 Non tantum episcopi, uerum etiam abbates ac abbatisse : na þæt an bisceopas ac eac swylce abbudas & abbutissan.
OE Wulfstan Institutes of Polity (Junius) 122 Riht is þæt abbodas & huru abbadissan fæste on mynstrum singallice wunian.
a1225 ( Rule St. Benet (Winteney) (1888) ii. 15 Hwylc sceal seo abbodesse [OE Corpus Cambr. abboc, OE Corpus Oxf. abbod] [beon].
c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. vii. 128 (MED) Ich haue an Aunte to a nunne and to an abbodesse [v.r. abbesse, abbasse; a1525 Royal abbodesse].
1648 J. Howell Winter Dreame 7 The Lady Abadesse calling her away, she departed in an instant.
1659 J. Howell Ital. Prov. 17/2 in Παροιμιογραϕια The Nuns of Genoa return from the bath, and then ask leave of the Abadess [It. Badessa].
β. eOE Inscription on Bk. in N. R. Ker Catal. MSS containing Anglo-Saxon (1957) 467 Cuthsuuithæ boec thæræ abbatissan.OE Will of Wulfric (Sawyer 1536) in P. H. Sawyer Charters of Burton Abbey (1979) 54 Ælcon abbode, & ælcon abbatissan .v. manxes [read mancusas] goldes.c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1905) II. 344 A gude huswyfe..besoght ane abbatice at sho wulde graunte hur..for to dwell with hur awhile for recreacion.a1500 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 692 Hec abatissa, a abatyse.a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) II. 31 Bertane was the first Abbatisse therof.a1604 M. Hanmer Chron. Ireland 60 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) This Saint Yta was an Abbatesse, whose originall was of Meth.1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. 37 Abbatisses were present and attested the acts of that Synod.1685 R. Morden Geogr. Rectified Germany 132 The Abbey Quedelnburg, whose Abbatess was sometimes Princess of the Empire.1724 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. (ed. 2) at Audrey An Abatess [1721 Abbotess] of the Royal English-Saxon Blood.1822 Country Constit. Guardian Mar. 300/2 When this abbatess came into the chapel herself,..she would set off the solemnity of the day by some notable and conspicuous miracle.γ. 1588 A. King tr. St. Peter Canisius Catech. in T. G. Law Catholic Tractates (1901) 177 S. Aldegunde virgin and abbotesse.1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. vii. 24 To governe, chuse, appoint, confirme, and remove Abbots, Abbotesses, Presbyters, and Deacons.1760 C. Lennox Lady's Museum No. 2. 602 The government and appointment of abbots, abbotesses, presbyters, and deacons.1841 L. Coleman tr. J. C. W. Augusti Antiq. Christian Church iii. 118 The abbotesses and prioresses of later times assumed all the offices of the bishop.1861 Guardian Feb. 59 Boniface..in the year AD 748, called her to Germany to be abbotess of the convent of Bishopheim.1936 Harvard Theol. Rev. 29 97 In the ninth century there were Athinganoi in Europe, specifically in Aegina, the home of the abbotess Athanasia.2007 S. J. Nichols Reformation viii. 123 Marie Dentiere had been an abbotess before converting to the Reformation.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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