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单词 gold
释义

goldn.1adj.

Brit. /ɡəʊld/, U.S. /ɡoʊld/
Forms:

α. early Old English gildi (inflected form, probably transmission error), early Old English golth, Old English (in compounds)–Middle English glod (rare), Old English (chiefly in compounds)–Middle English gol, Old English– gold, late Old English (in compounds)–1600s golde, early Middle English goil, early Middle English golden, early Middle English golð, Middle English glode, Middle English goldd, Middle English golt (chiefly in compounds), Middle English guold, Middle English ȝolde, Middle English–1600s gowlde, Middle English–1700s gould, 1500s gollde, 1500s goulde, 1500s govld; English regional 1700s–1800s goel (East Anglian, as adjective), 1700s–1800s gole (East Anglian, as adjective), 1800s gawl (south-western, in compounds), 1800s go' (south-western, in compounds), 1800s gole (south-western, in compounds), 1800s gould, 1800s gowld (northern); Scottish pre-1700 golde, pre-1700 goulde, pre-1700 govld, pre-1700 gowld, pre-1700 1700s– gold, pre-1700 1700s– gould, 1800s guild; Irish English (northern) 1900s– gowl, 1900s– gowld.

β. Middle English–1500s goolde, Middle English– goold (now regional); U.S. regional 1800s goole (in compounds); Manx English 1800s– gool.

γ. Chiefly northern late Middle English guld, late Middle English gulde.

δ. late Middle English goude; English regional (northern and north midlands) 1800s gode (Yorkshire), 1800s gohd (Lincolnshire), 1800s goud, 1800s– gowd; Scottish 1700s gou'd, 1700s– goud, 1700s– gowd; Irish English (northern) 1900s– gowd; Welsh English (Flintshire) 1900s– gooud.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian gold , goud , guld (West Frisian goud ), Old Dutch golt (Middle Dutch golt , gout , goud , Dutch goud ), Old Saxon gold (Middle Low German golt ), Old High German gold (Middle High German golt , German Gold ), Old Icelandic goll , gull (Icelandic gull ), Old Swedish gul , guld (Swedish guld ), Old Danish gull (Danish guld ), Gothic gulþ , Crimean Gothic goltz (i.e. golþ ) < an ablaut variant (zero-grade) of the same Indo-European base as (with o -grade) Old Church Slavonic zlato , Russian zoloto , (with e -grade) Latvian zelts , all in sense ‘gold’; the base shows a suffixed form (with dental suffix) of the Indo-European base of Sanskrit hari yellow, fawn (see yellow adj.), originally with reference to the colour of the metal; compare further (from the same base with different suffixation) Sanskrit hiraṇya, Avestan zaranya-, both in sense ‘gold’. The Germanic word was also borrowed into Finno-Ugric languages, probably at an early date; compare Finnish kulta, Estonian kuld, and (probably showing a later borrowing from Scandinavian languages) Saami golli.Form and pronunciation history. In Old English a strong neuter (a -stem). The stem vowel was originally short (ŏ ), which in late Old English was subject to lengthening (to long close ō ) before the homorganic consonant group ld . Middle English long close ō was regularly raised to ū by the operation of the Great Vowel Shift, resulting in the pronunciation /ɡuːld/ (reflected in forms like goold (see β. forms) and (sometimes) gould , although the latter is ambiguous). Occasional forms show shortening of Middle English long close ō to u (see γ. forms). In some Middle English forms the original short ŏ was preserved (or reintroduced by later shortening) and a glide vowel developed before the l ; the resulting diphthong /ɔu/ subsequently fell together with the reflex of Middle English long open ō as /oː/, ultimately giving the modern standard English pronunciation (compare e.g. mould n.1). Northern Middle English and Older Scots typically show complete vocalization of l (after development of the glide vowel), with the resulting diphthong /ɔu/ regularly developing to /ʌu/; compare δ. forms. The pronunciation /ɡuːld/, which now survives only regionally, was formerly also used in standard English alongside antecedents of the current pronunciation: the orthoepist Cocker (1696) records only /ɡuːld/, as does Sheridan (1780); Walker (1791) gives both /ɡoːld/ and /ɡuːld/, but deplores the latter (although it is ‘much more frequent’); he also indicates a difference in register: ‘gold is pronounced goold in familiar conversation; but in verse and solemn language, especially that of the Scripture, ought always to rhyme with old, fold &c.’ The pronunciation /ɡuːld/ was still in common use in standard English in the first half of the 19th cent.; H. C. Wyld in Hist. Mod. Colloq. Eng. (1936) reports that it was the usual pronunciation of a near relative of his, ‘an old lady who died in 1855 aged over 80’. Specific forms. The early Old English forms gildi (perhaps instrumental singular) and golth (in halsberigolth gold neck-ring) are attested in glossaries copied by continental scribes. In form golden (from the Caligula manuscript of Laȝamon’s Brut) showing nunnation, a very common feature of the language of this text in this manuscript, which has not been satisfactorily explained. Specific senses. With use with reference to colour (see senses A. 4, B. 2) compare the Old English compounds goldfinc goldfinch n. and goldblēo , either ‘gold-coloured’ or ‘gold colour’ (one isolated attestation; compare blee n.). Earlier currency of sense B. 2 is perhaps shown by quot. 1335 at gold colour n. and adj. (compare discussion at that entry). Compare also gold n.2 In use as adjective in sense B. 1 probably influenced by Old English noun compounds, as e.g. goldfæt gold vessel (compare fat n.1), goldfrætwe (plural) gold ornaments, goldgearwe (plural) gold ornaments (compare gear n.), goldgeweorc golden object (see goldwork n.), goldþrǣd gold thread n., etc., several of which survived into Middle English.
A. n.1
1.
a. A yellow precious metal, the chemical element of atomic number 79, which is resistant to tarnishing and corrosion and relatively malleable and ductile, and is used in finance (to guarantee the value of currency and formerly in coinage), and to make jewellery and ornaments. Symbol Au (cf. aurum n.).Other uses of gold include as a filling material in dentistry, and as a conductor in electronic devices.Gold is rare in nature, occurring as the free metal in some gravels and quartz veins and as a constituent of certain minerals.The relative purity of gold alloyed with small proportions of other metals is expressed in carats (carat n. 3), pure gold being 24 carats.Gold was associated by alchemists with the sun: cf. sol n.1 2a, sun n.1 9.angel gold, crown gold, fulminating gold, German gold, leaf gold, mosaic gold, white gold, yellow gold, etc.: see the first element. See also fool's gold n., mock gold n. at mock adj., adv., and n.6 Compounds 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > specific elements > gold > [noun]
goldeOE
Au1814
yellow1858
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > precious metal > [noun] > gold
goldeOE
reda1393
metal1600
solar metala1657
shining clay1668
yellow1858
eOE Corpus Gloss. (1890) 83/2 Obrizum, smaete gold [printed smaetegold].
OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) iv. 209 Ealle þas goldsmiðas secgað þæt hi næfre ær swa clæne gold ne swa read ne gesawon.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 8168 Bætenn gold. & sillferr.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3031 Heo makeden ane tunne of golde and of ȝimme.
c1300 St. Faith (Laud) l. 81 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 85 A croune of guold heo bar a-doun.
c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Tale (Ellesmere) (1875) l. 826 Sol gold is and Luna siluer we threpe.
c1425 (c1400) Laud Troy-bk. l. 8243 (MED) Gerdeles of riche barres With bokeles of gold and fair pendaunt.
1453 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1855) II. 190 (MED) j nete broch of gold.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. lvv His heare yelow lyke the burnished golde.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 717 The Roof was fretted Gold . View more context for this quotation
1673 W. Cooper tr. J. F. Helvetius Golden Calf ii. 8 in Philos. Epit. Every Alchymist who hath the Astrum of the Sun, can transmute all red Metals into Gold, &c.
1725 I. Watts Logick i. ii. §3 So yellow color and ductility are properties of gold.
1800 tr. E. J. B. Bouillon-Lagrange Man. Course Chem. II. 136 Gold, next to platina, is the heaviest of metals.
1891 R. Routledge Discov. & Inventions 19th Cent. (ed. 8) 578 For this operation the stream of water is stopped, and quicksilver is used to dissolve the grains of gold from the sand.
1979 C. MacLeod Luck runs Out (1981) ii. 21 Those gorgeous Clydesdales and Percherons..with their brasses polished like gold.
1989 D. C. Davidson Spectacles, Lorgnettes, & Monocles 21 Even an expert would hesitate to distinguish 9 carat from 12 and 14 carat gold without resorting to an acid test.
2010 Gaz. (Colorado Springs) 22 June A9/1 The public is invited to bring anything made of gold or anything old to the Treasure Hunters Roadshow.
b. As a count noun. A kind or variety of this metal. Usually in plural.
ΚΠ
OE Ælfric Old Eng. Hexateuch: Gen. (Claud.) ii. 12 Ðæs landes gold is golda selost.
1683 J. Pettus tr. L. Ercker ii. xv. 142 in Fleta Minor i After this manner and method are to be proved all other Golds [Ger. Gölder].
1765 H. Walpole Let. 5 Dec. in Lett. Countess Suffolk (1824) II. 314 Huge hunting-pieces in frames of all-coloured golds.
1886 Trans. New Jersey State Dental Soc. 1884–5–6 172 Wolrab's gold, according to this analysis, is no better than the other golds we have in the market.
1923 D. A. Mackenzie China & Japan iv. 37 The ‘golds’ coloured by the alchemists by fusion with other metals.
2015 D. Schorsch in B. W. Roberts & C. P. Thornton Archaeometall. in Global Perspective xii. 277 During the New Kingdom [of ancient Egypt]..terms emerge referring to golds of different colors, with different working qualities.
2.
a. This metal regarded as a valuable possession, employed as currency, or used as a medium of exchange. Hence: coins or other articles made of gold; (in extended use) money, wealth.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > other mediums of exchange > [noun] > uncoined metal as medium of exchange > gold
goldeOE
mine1610
yellow dirt1628
eOE (Kentish) Codex Aureus Inscription, Christ Church, Canterbury (Sawyer 1204a) in D. Whitelock Sweet's Anglo-Saxon Reader (1967) 205 Ic Aelfred aldormon ond Werburg min gefera begetan ðas bec..mid uncre claene feo, ðæt ðonne wæs mid clæne golde.
OE Charter: Bp. Eadnoð to Beorhtnoð (Sawyer 1387) in A. S. Napier & W. H. Stevenson Crawford Coll. Early Charters & Documents (1895) 9 Ic Eadnoð bisceop cyðe on þisson gewriton þæt ic onborgede xxx mancsa goldes [a1300 marca goldes] be leadgewihte to minre landhreddinge æt beorhnoðe.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 1102 Þeofas..breokan þa mynstre of Burh & þærinne naman mycel to gode on golde & on seolfre, þet wæron roden & calicen & candelsticcan.
a1275 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 38 Wolte sulle þi lord crist for enes cunnes golde?
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2386 He him wolde ȝeuen al þat gold. þe he haueden i Denemark lond.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) v. l. 558 The time is ofte cursed, That evere was the gold unpursed, The which was leid upon the bok.
c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Shipman's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 368 This Marchant..Creanced hath, and payed..To certeyn lombardes..The somme of gold.
?1478 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 649 A nobyll in gowlde.
1565 in F. J. Furnivall Child-marriages, Divorces, & Ratifications Diocese Chester (1897) 66 Gold and siluer was put on the boke and a ringe put on her finger bie the priest.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iii. i. 24 There's a poore peece of gold for thee. View more context for this quotation
c1616 R. C. Times' Whistle (1871) vi. 2549 Wher golde makes way Ther is no interruption.
1675 T. Brooks Golden Key 302 Look, as the worth and value of many pieces of Silver, is to be found in one piece of Gold.
1734 A. Pope Ess. Man: Epist. IV 9 Judges and Senates have been bought for gold.
1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature IV. 199 Gold is a powerful commander of respect with the commonalty.
1832 W. Irving Alhambra I. 142 The poorest beggar, if he begged in rhyme, would often be rewarded with a piece of gold.
1858 I. S. Homans & I. S. Homans Cycl. Commerce & Commerc. Navigation 97/1 Sending notes..to be exchanged for gold.
1860 All Year Round 3 Mar. 445/1 The..nobility..would not choose to dwell even in the same..squares as the..plebeians who made their gold by vulgar trade.
1890 H. Lawson Possum in C. Roderick Coll. Verse (1967) I. 83 He thort he'd take it easy while he had a little gold.
1974 Billboard 29 June 34/3 An artist who has..earned his gold in learning his craft.
1987 W. Greider Secrets of Temple i. iii. 83 The only safe haven for their wealth..lay in tangibles. Buy gold,..art and antiques,..real estate.
2016 Edge Singapore (Nexis) 18 July He reckoned the best deal in the gold market is buying gold at spot prices.
†b. In plural. Gold coins. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > [noun] > (a) gold coin
golds1478
gold coin1533
ruddock1567
red one1568
goldingc1580
pestle of a portigue1598
gold piece1606
yellowhammera1627
yellow boy1654
spanker1663
ridge1667
gold drop1701
spank1725
glistener1818
money-gold1841
canary1851
1478 R. Cely Let. 1 May in Cely Lett. (1975) 19 We schall paye from henys forwarde..ij ryallys for a li., hoder goldys after the rate and the valve of the same.
a1500 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Trin. Dublin) l. 1847 (MED) Owr fermez & owre goldes, We may noght chalynge þaim ne clame.
1588 H. Oldcastle & J. Mellis Briefe Instr. Accompts sig. Gj You may expresse diuers and sundry goldes, as ducates..crowns, and such other.
3.
a. The metal gold (or an imitation of this) used for the ornamentation of textiles and fabrics; gold thread (see gold thread n. 1). Also: textiles embroidered in, woven with, or consisting of gold thread; cloth of gold (see cloth of gold at cloth n. 9c).In early use often with the place of manufacture specified, as gold of Bruges, gold of Genoa, gold of Venice, etc. (see also Venice gold n. at Venice n. Compounds 2).
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > thread or yarn > [noun] > metallic > gold or silver
goldOE
fildora1350
gold or silk threadc1386
purl1394
silver1423
shreda1450
Venice gold1506
Venice silver1574
spun gold1728
passing1848
tambour1899
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > embroidered fabric > embroidered with gold thread
goldOE
Venice gold1506
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > plated or coated metal > [noun] > plating or coating applied to metal > types of
goldOE
wash1695
tinning1762
rolled gold1822
zopissa1862
nickel plate1873
coke finish1898
OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1881) I. 172 He geglængde me mid orle of golde awefen.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 8175 All wass itt off þe bettste pall..& all itt wass wundenn wiþþ gold & sett wiþþ deore staness.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1427 Þe messageres..were arayde..al in glimerand gold.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 23452 Wymmen..In cloþing als of riche golde [Fairf. of riche falde].
a1450–1500 ( Libel Eng. Policy (1926) l. 336 (MED) The Janueys..bringe..Coton, roche-alum, and gode golde of Jene.
1465 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 326 An vnce of gold of Venyse.
1545 Rates Custome House sig. biijv Golde of bruges the maste viii.s.
1566 in D. H. Fleming Mary Q. of Scots (1897) 499 Ten hankis off gold and ten hankis of silver the fynest that can be gottin.
1635 E. Rainbow Labour 35 Their clothings being..wrought with gold.
1707 Psalms of David xlv. 22 At thy Right-hand, in Needle-work Of purest Gold attir'd, the Queen.
1770 H. Brooke Fool of Quality V. 339 A Mantle of purple Velvet, embroidered with..Flowers of Gold.
1802 in W. Scott Minstrelsy Sc. Border II. 78 I sall learn your turtle dow To lay gowd wi' her hand.
a1835 W. Motherwell Poet. Wks. (1849) 373 Threads of gold therein were entertwined With quaintest needlecraft.
1923 L. Hughes in Crisis Aug. 162/2 A dancing girl whose eyes are bold Lifts high a dress of silken gold.
1973 E. Wilson Embroidery Bk. iv. 222 Various sewing companies put out a gold you can sew with—a fine Lurex variety which is nontarnishing.
2005 H. M. Stevens Myth & Magic Embroidery i. 32 An age-old technique for securing gold or other precious thread to the background fabric without ‘wasting’ any..on the reverse.
b. The metal gold (or an imitation of this) used to coat a surface, or as a pigment; gold leaf, paint, ink, etc.; gilding.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [noun] > gilding > gilt
goldeOE
gilt1429
water-gold1634
oil gold1710
gilt-bronze1745
honey-gold1852
vermeil1858
pink gold1873
honey gilding1954
eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xxii. 169 Hat wyrcean twegen stengas of ðæm treowe..& befoh utan mid golde [L. operies auro].
lOE St. Nicholas (Corpus Cambr.) (1997) 99 Ane cristesboc eal besmided mid deorwurðan golde [L. euangelii librum mirifice auro contectum] & mid gimstanum gesett.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. iv. 829 Among peyntours golde is chief and fairest in syght.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1344 Þay [sc. goddes] are gilde al with golde and gered wyth sylver.
a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) II. 855 They founde lettirs newly wrytten of golde.
1582 in Bible (Rheims) John i. 1 (note) This first sentence of the Gospel..[they] did so admire..that they wished it to be written in gold.
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice ii. vii. 36 Lets see once more this saying grau'd in gold . View more context for this quotation
1734 Builder's Dict. I. at Gilding By this you may know how many Books of Gold will serve to gild a Work.
1843 U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. Nov. 483/1 A sumptuous edition of the New Testament printed in gold on porcelain paper.
1922 House Beautiful Aug. 114 Much use was made of mirrors framed in gold.
2018 Sunderland Echo (Nexis) 31 Jan. I can picture it [sc. a cinema] just as it was with its red seats and its features picked out in gold.
4. The colour of, or associated with, this metal; a shiny, bright, or deep yellow colour. Also: any of various shades of this.In poetic and literary language sometimes merging with figurative use of sense A. 1a: cf. sense A. 5.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > [noun] > golden yellow
goldOE
gold colour1547
goldness1657
goldishness1671
aventurine1791
goldenness1829
gilding1851
orange-gold1859
buttercup yellow1863
old gold1871
red-gold1884
Tuscan1887
honey1981
OE Paris Psalter (1932) lxvii. 13 Fiðeru beoþ culfran fægeres seolfres and hire bæc scineð beorhtan golde [eOE Royal Psalter on hiwe goldes; L. in specie auri].
c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Merchant's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 976 Phebus hath of gold his stremys doun ysent.
a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 80 Whos colour ys gold, lyk þat ys meen bytwen reed and ȝalwe.
1598 S. Rowlands Betraying of Christ sig. Giij Heav'ns glorious lampe..Turning his splendant beames of gold, to drosse.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 642 Many a colourd plume sprinkl'd with Gold . View more context for this quotation
1713 A. Pope Windsor-Forest 6 His painted Wings, and Breast that flames with Gold.
1788 tr. C. E. Savary Lett. on Greece xxxii. 331 The fair beauty..simply arranged in the glossy gold of her..locks.
1867 G. MacDonald Ann. Quiet Neighbourhood I. i. 25 Gazing at the red and gold and green of the sunset sky.
1895 C. Roper Zigzag Trav. I. 5 Across this blue shot long rays of the most clear pinks and whites and golds.
1940 Times 6 June 9/1 The flaming gold of irises..made our stroll..so inexpressibly lovely.
1989 G. Vanderhaeghe Homesick vi. 70 The sun-drenched gold of stubble.
2009 Wall St. Jrnl. 29 July d7/6 The tans and golds of the aesthetic movements of his youth.
5. figurative.
a. Something likened to gold in being beautiful, rare, or unsurpassed in preciousness. of gold: of the highest or purest quality. Often literary and poetic in later use.See also heart of gold at Phrases 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > virtue > morally elevated quality > [noun] > specifically in a person > person
goldc1175
society > morality > virtue > morally elevated quality > [noun] > specifically in a person > a noble heart
goldc1175
the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] > loving kindness > kind heart
goldc1175
heart of grace1597
soft centre1941
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 2611 Butt iff itt beo þurrh þildess gold. All full wel oferrgildedd.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 233 Þanne byeþ þe þri cornes of þe lilye wel y-gelt mid þe golde of charite.
c1450 (?a1422) J. Lydgate Life Our Lady (Durh.) v. l. 607 (MED) Graunt vs this day of thy magnyfycence The golde of loue, the franke of Innocence.
a1628 J. Preston Of Love viii. 187 in Breast-plate of Faith (1630) There is silver and golde in his [sc. the good man's] speeches and actions, that is, they are likewise precious.
1693 J. Dryden Disc. conc. Satire in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires p. v In the same Paper, written by divers Hands..I cou'd separate your Gold from their Copper.
1736 S. Wesley Poems Several Occasions 242 Who durst with meaner Dross prophane His Purity of Gold!
1863 H. W. Longfellow Musician's Tale iv. xv, in Tales Wayside Inn 85 If in his gifts he can faithless be, There will be no gold in his love to me.
1877 S. Baring-Gould Myst. Suffering 51 What a glorious world..what gold of gladness, what sunshine of felicity it affords.
1947 M. E. Boylan This Tremendous Lover (new ed.) xvi. 258 Humility is the Philosopher's Stone which changes all our losses into the gold of God's favor.
2016 Jerusalem Post (Nexis) 24 July 24 The celebrated British singer/songwriter with the voice of gold.
b. colloquial. Something which is sought after, desired, or valued, esp. within a particular genre or field; a thing regarded as, or acknowledged to be, the best of its kind.Usually in predicative use following to be, and typically with modifying word, esp. specifying the genre, field, etc.
ΚΠ
1943 Industr. Marketing Jan. 42/3 The workings of a plant in war production is the most fascinating of all activities to study... And such history-gathering is advertising gold.
1976 Lincoln (Nebraska) Evening Jrnl. 24 Oct. (TV section) 6/5 Tripping through the clips of past Bob Hope specials looking for pure comedy gold.
1983 W. Goldman Adventures in Screen Trade 291 The shot described here takes twenty seconds to complete... If the kicker at the end, the surprise, the reveal, has sufficient weight, it's gold.
1999 D. Haslam Manchester, Eng. viii. 193 The music was pure gold..and the club rocked.
2018 Birmingham Mail (Nexis) 21 Mar. Penalties are fantasy football gold. If your man is trusted from the spot, it can mean goal after goal after goal.
6. Heraldry. The metal gold, or the colour, in a coat of arms or armorial bearings; = or n.1 2.Gold or or is one of two metallic heraldic tinctures, the other being silver or argent (see argent n. 3). The word or is more usual than gold in formal heraldic use.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldic tincture > [noun] > metal > gold or yellow
goldc1460
or?1530
topaz1562
sun1572
sol1610
c1460 Bk. Arms in Ancestor (1904) Apr. 167 (MED) A beryth asewre iij serpentys hedys of gold rasyd, the tongys of gold crosletwyse.
1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures xxiii. 84 The Royal Arms of Portugal were limned in Gold.
1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc iv. 84 Conspicuous he In arms with azure and with gold anneal'd.
1919 M. M. Gowdy Family Hist. Surnames Gade & Variant Forms 32 Harlean Manuscript... Crest—A Wolf passant per pale Argent and Gold.
2015 @rhvjay 23 Jan. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) That hat and the coat of arms (changing argent for gold) is the same used by Barcelona counts.
7. Archery. The gold or yellow area in the centre of a target; the bullseye. Also: a hit made in this.In quot. 1798 in figurative context.See also to make a gold, to cut the gold at Phrases 10.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > competitive shooting > archery > [noun] > archery target > parts of
pin1584
gold1798
eye1818
blue1830
bull's-eye1833
garland1847
petticoat1864
bull1900
1798 C. Dibdin Coll. Songs III. 170 Our various fortunes are the arrow, Which let careful Prudence hold,..And hit the target in the gold.
1830 Archer's Man. (United Bowmen of Pa.) iii. 52 An arrow in the gold counts nine.
1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda I. i. x. 189 Three hits running in the gold.
1900 Archer's Reg. 1899–1900 186 Ladies and gentlemen, best gold, Miss New; most golds, Miss Perry.
1992 L. Wise Bow & Arrow 246 Ties shall be resolved in favor of the archer with the greatest total number of Golds.
2011 S. Fadala Trad. Archery i. 4 Just about anyone can put arrows into the gold at reasonable ranges.
8. In plural. Stock Market. Stocks or shares in the gold-mining industry.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > stocks, shares, or bonds > [noun] > share > shares in specific country or industry
railway share1822
railroad shares1828
railway stock1836
railroads1848
Canada1868
coalers1878
Mets1886
industrial1887
golds1888
Kaffir1889
electrics1892
rails1893
Westralians1894
kangaroo1896
coppers1899
the junglea1901
electricals1901
Rhodesians1901
diamonds1905
Siberians1906
steels1912
utility1930
properties1964
engineer1976
mining1983
1888 Mining Jrnl. 28 July 852/1 A large business has been transacted in Transvaal Golds at an advance of 1s. 6d.
1905 Economist 23 Dec. 2094/1 Indian and New Zealand Golds are slightly weaker.
1964 Financial Times 12 Mar. 1/5 The rise in South African Golds began to falter in quieter trading.
1984 Times 31 Mar. 22/2 Golds were a few cents down.
2009 Globe & Mail (Canada) (Nexis) 26 June Base metals represented 70 per cent of the index while golds were 20 per cent.
9. Chiefly Sport. Short for gold medal n. at Compounds 1e. Now often without article.See also to strike gold at Phrases 11d, to go for (the) gold at Phrases 12.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > [noun] > winning or win > awards and prizes
garland?a1513
plate1639
cupc1640
dog plate1686
gold medal1694
gold cup1718
sweepstake1773
trophy1822
bronze medal1852
shield1868
statuette1875
pot1885
team honours1895
letter1897
silver medal1908
school colour1913
gold1945
bronze1960
silver1960
Fed Cup1965
the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > token of victory or supreme excellence > [noun] > award for merit > decoration > medal > specific
gold medal1694
Albert medal1850
bronze medal1852
silver medal1908
B.E.M.1941
gold1945
1945 Motor 5 Sept. 108/2 In the 1924 Land's End one of these cars..won a silver medal and four other Palladiums secured ‘golds’.
1968 Guardian 22 Oct. 1/1 In the equestrian event, the gold was taken by the team.
1971 Winnipeg Free Press 17 Aug. 23/1 All but one of the five girls who won gold for Canada at the Pan Am Games will be here.
1994 Press Assoc. (Nexis) 20 Dec. Viewers held their breath as the ice queen and king soared into action..and claimed they had been robbed of gold when they lost points for a somersault manoeuvre.
2014 S. R. Smith & V. Harte Self-Esteem for Dummies xiii. 174 Each [athlete] has set the goal to take home the gold—but only one will.
10. High-grade or potent marijuana. Often with modifying word specifying the place of origin, as Colombian gold, Hanoi gold, Panama gold, etc. Cf. Acapulco gold at Acapulco n.
ΚΠ
1965 Esquire July 59/2 Acapulco Gold and Panama Gold. That they are new users of marijuana is apparent from the eagerness with which they display their stores of esoteric information about the drug.
1968 T. Paxton Talking Vietnam Pot Luck Blues (Libr. of Congr. Copyright Office) (song) 2 [We] smelled you people blowin' grass, And since by the smell you're smokin' trash I brought you a taste of a special stash. Straight from Uncle Ho's Victory Garden, We call it Hanoi gold.
1970 G. Scott-Heron Vulture i. 12 Panamanian Red is one of the more rare variations of marijuana... Along with Colombian Gold, Acapulco, and the powerful Black smoke from Vietnam, it is very hard to come by in the city.
1980 Washington Post (Nexis) 28 Jan. a1 Other youths continued to hawk their goods,..singing their refrain,..‘Gold, gold. Got that gold’, referring to..Acapulco Gold.
1994 P. Baker Blood Posse vi. 66 Rastamen..besieged the windows with all variety of strong-smelling marijuana. ‘Red, black, gold, or blonde?’ one excited Dread asked.
2014 Courier Mail (Austral.) (Nexis) 4 May 46 He shows pictures of forests of PNG Gold, a near-mythical strain of highly potent marijuana, grown wild in Papua New Guinea.
B. adj.
1. Made (wholly or partly) of gold; consisting of gold, or (sometimes) an imitation of this. Also: covered or worked in gold leaf, paint, thread, etc.; gilded.When applied to objects, articles, or surfaces, sometimes difficult to distinguish from the sense ‘gold-coloured’ at B. 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > artistic work in metal > [adjective] > relating to gold or silver articles
goldc1230
friezed1587
silver1648
Paul Revere1882
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > precious metal > [adjective] > epithet of gold > made of gold
redOE
gildenOE
goldc1230
goldenc1300
goldedc1384
giltenc1450
c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 101 Ant hwet is wlite wurð her, gold ring i suhe nease.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3513 His hæd wes swulc swa beoð gold wir.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3185 On an gold gad ðe name god Is grauen.
a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) II. 855 The barownes aspyed..all aboute wretyn with golde lettirs.
1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet i. iii. 94 That booke..That in gold claspes locks in the golden storie. View more context for this quotation
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 10 Hangings of gold lether.
1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 79. ⁋1 The Rules of Ben's Club, which are in Gold Letters over the Chimney.
1727 W. Somerville Fable in Occas. Poems 244 A Cobler bidding fair For the Gold-Chain, and next L—d-Mayor.
1837 M. M. Sherwood Henry Milner iii. xxii. 464 Two young [Oxford] men, one of whom had a gold tassel.
1852 L. A. Meredith My Home in Tasmania I. xi. 177 The long gold earrings of some pretty, vain, fine lady.
1881 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (ed. 4) 49 The gold spring is hammer-hardened.
1883 Cent. Mag. Feb. 589/1 It would now be..impossible to think of Miss Esther without..her gold eyeglasses.
1921 Amer. Woman Jan. 13/2 She glanced up over the door where, in a gold frame, a picture of Rodney was hung.
1935 J. Lindsay Runaway 233 Felix..up-ended his pouch and spilled the gold coins on the floor.
2014 C. Cobb et al. Chem. of Alchemy vii. 117 Gold jewelry, especially older pieces, can contain lead or nickel as alloying agents.
2. Of the colour of gold; shiny, bright, or deep yellow. Cf. golden adj. 2a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > [adjective] > golden yellow
gildenOE
goldena1382
goldya1398
dory1398
goldc1400
goldisha1425
sunlyc1425
goldlya1450
aureatec1450
gildedc1450
giltenc1450
scorn-golda1586
Pactolian1586
aureal1587
gold colour1648
gold-coloured1674
spun gold1728
aurulent1731
aurelian1791
deaurated1818
Tuscan1830
corn-coloured1854
old gold1877
buttercup yellow1880
aureoline1881
sun gold1887
Tuscan-coloured1905
guinea-gold1938
spun-golden1978
c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 4294 Þe kyng haþ sett out his dragoun, And on his tente a golde lyoun.
a1475 Sir Gawain & Carl Carlisle (1951) l. 84 (MED) A gryffyn of golde full feyr, Iset full of golde flourrus.
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream ii. i. 11 The cowslippes tall her Pensioners bee, In their gold coats, spottes you see: Those be Rubies. View more context for this quotation
1734 A. Pope 1st Satire 2nd Bk. Horace to which is added 2nd Satire Same Bk. 25 Yet Hens of Guinea full as good I hold [as pheasant], Except you eat the feathers, green and gold.
1776 W. J. Mickle tr. L. de Camoens Lusiad 77 The purple blazes, and the gold-stripes shine.
1808 W. Scott Marmion i. xv. 37 His skin was fair, his ringlets gold.
1865 Archer's Reg. 141 The Silver Arrow, for most central hit in the gold circle, was won by Mr. Wigram.
1908 L. M. Montgomery Anne of Green Gables xv. 162 A little pink candy heart with a gold motto on it, ‘You are sweet’.
1963 K. H. Seibel Joyful Christmas Craft Bk. ix. 176 Cut..strips all around to make a large gold sunburst.
1994 NeWest Rev. Oct. 17/1 A wooden crate covered with a scrap of gold carpet.
2010 Sevenoaks Chron. (Nexis) 22 July 10 The town's gardens have been turned into a pretty picture..with yellow and gold sunflowers.
3. Heraldry. In postpositive use: of gold; golden; yellow.The word or is more usual than gold in formal heraldic use: see note at sense A. 6.
ΚΠ
c1452 in Antiquary (1910) 37 210 (MED) They ber asyr a boke overt with vij clospys gold betwyx iij crownys.
1482 in W. H. St. J. Hope Gram. Eng. Heraldry (1913) 100 Half a lyon sable sett withunne a wrethe goold and gowles.
1592 W. Wyrley True Vse Armorie 41 Sir Reignald Cobham, strongly armd in red Three sable stars plast on a Cheuron gold.
?a1700 ( Grant of Arms to John Cooke (College of Arms MS Grants 1) f. 264v Three hermins of the feild betweene three brode arrowe heades gold.
1895 A. C. Fox-Davies Armorial Families 393/1 He bears..for his Crest, upon a wreath of the colours, in front of an annulet gold, a hand erect holding a dagger.
1965 H. Child Heraldic Design ii. 122 (caption) A Collar..attached thereto a line the strands alternately argent and gold.
2009 J. P. Brooke-Little in C. W. Peckham Peckham Family 45 The arms are officially described or blazoned as being..sable a chevron gold between three crosses Bottoney Fitshey silver.
4. Of, relating to, or designating coinage made of gold, or a currency that is guaranteed by gold (cf. gold standard n.). Also: designating a money of account reckoned according to a gold standard.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > value of money > [adjective] > reckoned at gold standard
gold1736
1736 Reasons we should not lower Coins 14 Spanish Pistoles and French Lewis d'Ors, which by the late Regulation for weighing, being made current at the 4 Penny Weight 8 Grains, has reduced them four Pence below Gold Currency.
1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. ii. ii. 398 The..nominal sum of the gold and silver currency of the country. View more context for this quotation
1898 T. H. Farrer Stud. Currency p. xviii The relation between the Gold value of the legal Rupee and the Gold value of Silver.
1914 Royal Comm. Indian Finance & Currency: Final Rep. 15 in Parl. Papers (Cd. 7236) XX. 709 The Indian currency system based on what is now known as the gold exchange standard.
1926 Encycl. Brit. Suppl. I. 776/2 In the final phase people reckoned in gold marks and stipulated for payment in paper marks at the exchange of the day.
1991 S. Winchester Pacific (1992) 270 The British pound and then the American dollar took over from the Swiss gold franc..to dominate world trade throughout the present century.
2008 N.Y. Sun (Nexis) 27 Aug. 1 The gold value of residential real estate in New York State is rising for the first time in nearly two years.
5. Originally U.S. Designating a framed gold disc or record presented to a musician or group for sales of a recording that exceed a specified high figure; esp. in gold disc, gold record. Also: designating a recording which has achieved such sales. to go gold: to achieve sales in excess of a specified high figure; cf. to go platinum at platinum adj. 3.The gold record was originally awarded in the United States for a single with sales in excess of $1 million.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > sound recording and reproduction > [verb (intransitive)] > sell specific number of records
to go gold1957
to go platinum1964
society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > sound recording and reproduction > a sound recording > [noun] > record or disc > type of record
pre-release1871
record album1904
re-release1907
ten-inch1908
twelve-incher1909
demonstration record1911
pressing1912
swinger1924
repressing1927
transcription1931
long-player1932
rush release1935
pop record1937
album1945
demonstration disc1947
pop disc1947
pop single1947
long-play1948
picture disc1948
781949
single1949
forty-five1950
demo disc1952
EP1952
shellac1954
top of the pops1956
gold disc1957
acetate1962
platinum disc1964
chartbuster1965
miss1965
cover1966
reissue1966
pirate label1968
rock record1968
thirty-three (and a third)1968
sampler1969
white-label1970
double album1971
dubplate1976
seven-inch1977
mini-album1980
joint1991
1957 Variety 9 Jan. 237/2 In 1940 Shaw's classic ‘Stardust’ and Miller's ‘Tuxedo Junction’ won each of them an additional gold record.
1958 Variety 26 Feb. 43/1 The gold disk awards will continue to be made by the individual manufacturer.
1969 New Yorker 1 Mar. 38/3 His records sell extremely well—since 1964 he has had three gold albums..and three gold singles.
1974 Salina (Kansas) Jrnl. 6 Jan. 22/2 Maria's first album..reached a more than respectable perch on the charts. No one, including Maria, would be surprised to see it go gold.
1984 Southern Rag No. 22. 13/1 It proceeded to sell two million... Year Of The Cat was platinum or gold all over the world.
2017 Guardian (Nexis) 20 Feb. Walsh's album was the only debut to go gold in 2016.

Phrases

P1. Proverbs and proverbial phrases.
a. all that glitters (also glistens, shines, etc.) is not gold and variants: the attractive outward appearance of something is not a reliable indication of its true nature; things are not always as good, admirable, or valuable as they appear to be.In later use often associated with Shakespeare (see quot. 1600).
ΚΠ
c1225 (?c1200) Hali Meiðhad (Bodl.) (1940) l. 97 Nis hit nower neh gold al þet ter schineð.
c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Tale (Ellesmere) (1875) l. 962 But euery thyng which þat seineth [c1415 Corpus Oxf. semeþ, c1415 Lansd. schyneþ] as the gold Nis nat gold, as þat I haue herd told.
c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame (Fairf. 16) (1878) l. 272 Hyt is not al golde that glareth.
1537 tr. Original & Sprynge All Sectes To Rdr. sig. ✠iiv For all is not golde that shyneth, nether are they all of Christes couent, that weare brode crownes, wide coules, and syde coates.
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice ii. vii. 65 All that glisters is not gold, Often have you heard that told.
1784 S. Johnson Let. 2 Oct. (1994) IV. 413 All is not gold that glitters, as we have been often told.
1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre II. ix. 66 I wished to put you on your guard. It is an old saying that ‘all is not gold that glitters’.
1912 Internat. Bookbinder Dec. 713/2 Our officers..do not believe that everything should be taken for granted, they..have as their guiding star the old..adage that ‘all that glistens is not gold’.
2014 W. R. Lavell Casino 39 These [casino] promotions portray an easy life of..glamour yet purposely leave out the hard facts hiding behind the neon lights that..All That Glitters Is Not Gold.
b. its (also his, etc.) weight in gold: see weight n.1 9.
c. gold may be bought too dear and variants: even something of great value or apparent benefit may prove not to be worth the high price paid for it.
ΚΠ
1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue ii. vii. sig. Iiv A man maie bie golde to dere.
1590 R. Greene Mourning Garment 20 I shall buy Gold too deere, in subiecting my selfe to so high a husband.
1630 E. Cobbes Worldlings Looking Glasse 362 We vse to say, we wil not buy gold too deare.
a1665 J. Goodwin Πλήρωμα τὸ Πνευματικόv (1670) vi. 132 Men will not (as our common Proverb is) buy Gold too dear.
1716 E. Ward St. Paul's Church 26 He that hopes, when driven near, To thrive, by buying Gold too dear, Is like the lazy Fool, that lays One Burthen down for present Ease.
1849 Well-spring 9 Feb. 23/2 ‘A man may buy gold too dear.’ Every one who obtains riches dishonestly, obtains it too dear.
1908 Times 28 Nov. 11 Gold may be bought too dear; and little improvements in the regulation of the drink traffic [may]..carry with them..ruinous harshness to individuals.
2015 Irish Examiner (Nexis) 26 Feb. As the old adage goes, you can buy gold too dear, and..new entrants should question whether there is any return from renting land at high prices.
d. to eat gold: to believe (erroneously) that one can subsist on great wealth alone. Often in negative constructions, as you can't eat gold and variants.In quot. 1599 with reference to the story of King Midas, who wished that everything he touched should turn to gold, and almost died of hunger as a consequence of this wish being granted (see the etymology at Midas n.).
ΚΠ
1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 39 That fable of Midas eating gold had no other shadow or inclusiue pith in it, but he was of a queasie stomacke.
a1626 W. Rowley New Wonder (1632) i. 14 And he that gets Gold, let him eate Gold.
1709 S. Centlivre Busie Body iii. iv. 35 If wearing Pearls and Jewels, or eating Gold, as the old Saying is, can make thee happy, thou shalt be so.
1875 Myrtle 29 May 34/2 He couldn't eat gold, he couldn't drink it. Bright as it was, it couldn't show him the door, the feeblest rushlight could do that.
1918 J. Therese With Old Glory in Berlin viii. 94 He had..a wide circle of business friends who..supplied the ‘open sesame’ to many a secret door behind which was stored something far more precious than gold (you can't eat gold).
2017 Cairns Eye (Austral.) (Nexis) 28 Jan. 11 As the Alaskans will tell you, ‘You can't eat gold.’
e. (as) good as gold: see good adj., n., adv., and int. Phrases 4c.
P2. heart of gold: used to denote a kind, generous, brave, or noble nature, or a person having this.
ΚΠ
1542 Dyalogue Defensyue for Women sig. C.iiiv What hertes of golde fyne and pure whiche women do vtterly contemne and refuse.
1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V iv. i. 45 The kings abago, and a hart of gold.
1703 Voy. to Antipodes 27 I remember our old Captain..used to say, Come my Hearts of Gold; now for the Honour of England.
1831 W. Scott Jrnl. 10 Jan. (1946) 135 A fine fellow, & what I call a Heart of gold.
1858 E. Bulwer-Lytton What will he do with It? (Tauchnitz ed.) II. vii. i. 208 If, with gentle blood, youth, good looks, and a heart of gold, that fortune does not allow him to aspire to any girl whose hand he covets, I can double it.
1923 P. G. Wodehouse Inimitable Jeeves xi. 123 While she may have had a heart of gold, the thing you noticed about her first was that she had a tooth of gold.
1971 Times 12 Dec. 19/4 Tarts invariably turn out to have a heart of gold.
2016 S. Wales Argus (Nexis) 11 Apr. He has a heart of gold. And he is an example to us all.
P3. gold of pleasure: the Eurasian plant Camelina sativa (family Brassicaceae), having yellowish-white flowers and producing yellow seeds used a source of oil; cf. cameline n.2
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Cruciferae (crucifers) > [noun] > gold of pleasure
cameline1578
myagrum1578
gold of pleasure1597
1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 214 Golde of pleasure..is called properly Myagrum.
1657 W. Coles Adam in Eden ccliv. sig. Bbbb The word Myagrum signifies as much as Muscipulum, sive Muscarium, and is attributed to gold of Pleasure, because the seed being oily, hath such an emplastick, or clammy quality therein, that it arresteth the Flies that settle thereon.
1882 G. Allen Colours of Flowers ii. 43 The most primitive and simple forms have yellow flowers, as in the case of..the gold-of-pleasure (Camelina sativa).
2015 F. G. Jewett in V. M. V. Cruz & D. A. Dierig Industr. Crops viii. 157 Camelina sativa, or ‘gold of pleasure’, belongs to the Brassicaceae family and has been cultivated in Europe as an oilseed since the Bronze Age.
P4. gob of gold: see gob n.1 2.
P5. mother of gold: see mother n.2 Compounds 2.
P6. oil of gold: see oil n.1 Compounds 2b.
P7. to mint gold: see mint v.2 4.
P8. pot of gold: see pot n.1 2c.
P9. to bottom on (also upon) gold: see bottom v. 8a(c).
P10. Archery to make a gold: to hit the bullseye. to cut the gold: (of an arrow) to lie across the gold of the target; (also) to land in the gold portion of the target. Cf. A. 7.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > competitive shooting > archery > practise archery [verb (intransitive)] > hit centre of target
to cleave the pin1590
to make a gold1877
1877 Archer's Reg. 1876–7 iii. 49 £1 for the best end at 80 yards, won by Mr Fryer, who made a gold, a red, and a blue.
1879 M. Thompson & W. H. Thompson How to train in Archery x. 52 An arrow is said to cut the gold when in falling short it apparently drops across the gold.
1901 Archer's Reg. 1900–1901 267 Once or twice at our meetings he made three golds.
1923 Boys' Life Nov. 39/2 Cut the gold, when an arrow in falling short appears to drop across the gold in the target.
1960 T. A. Forbes New Guide Better Archery 71 Bolts must cut the Gold to score.
P11. to strike gold.
a. To mint a gold coin or coins (cf. strike v. 28a). Now chiefly historical.
ΚΠ
1757 Numismatic Chron. 19 224 It is remarkable that the Sassanians not only recommenced to strike gold,..but did so on the old Eastern standard.
1852 J. Y. Ackerman in Whole Wks. King Alfred the Great I. ii. 131 The English numismatists of the last century have discussed..the possibility of the Anglo-Saxons having struck gold in their mints.
1913 F. W. Burgess Chats on Old Coins 298 David II was the first Scottish king who struck gold.
2006 J. Kolbas Mongols in Iran i. iv. 106 The Great Saljuq ruler, after taking al-Rayy, struck gold there..with an arrow and bow at the top of both the obverse and reverse.
b. To succeed in finding gold by mining, digging, etc.
ΚΠ
1851 N.Y. Herald 24 Aug. Several other companies have struck gold farther down on the mountain.
1862 Times 27 Dec. 9/3 On all the established leads, the claimholders..are striking gold more or less payable.
1942 Montana Standard 28 June 7/3 Our prospector struck gold in his search for tungsten.
2002 F. McLynn Wagons West (2003) vii. 252 He saw a shining metal which later enabled him to claim that he was the first man to strike gold in California.
c. figurative. To find (a source of) great profit; to have or be a great success.
ΚΠ
1893 Man of World 18 Jan. 3/2 The Haymarket [theatre] has struck gold with Hypatia.
1919 Lima (Ohio) Sunday News 22 June 6/1 Jack's benefactor..was convinced that he had struck ‘gold’... Offers came from all parts of the country for Dempsey to fight.
1942 Ruthven (Iowa) Free Press 7 Jan. She'd been in vaudeville before she struck gold in Hollywood.
2015 Tel. Herald (Dubuque, Iowa) (Nexis) 8 Oct. a14 Advertisers know they have struck gold when the audience repeats their phrases.
d. Sport. To win a gold medal in a competition, esp. the Olympics (cf. sense A. 9).
ΚΠ
1956 Delphos (Ohio) Daily Herald 19 Aug. 4/4 United States 400-meter hurlers, 100-meter sprinters,..and a hammer-throwing Boston school master struck gold, silver and bronze..in Melbourne's main Olympic stadium.
1972 Daily Mail 21 Aug. 16 Alan Minter..is the top British boy [in Boxing]... He was given the choice of two weights—middle, at which he struck gold, or middle light.
2018 Denver Post (Nexis) 12 Feb. 6 b (caption) Austria's David Gleirscher, right, is congratulated after striking gold in men's luge singles.
P12. Originally Sport. to go for (the) gold: to strive for a gold medal in a competition, esp. the Olympics (cf. A. 9). In extended use: to do one's utmost to attain the highest possible reward or level of achievement.
ΚΠ
1963 Observer 21 July 14 (heading) Going for gold single-handed... The single-handed International Finn dinghy class offers high hopes for British Olympic helmsmen.
1972 News Jrnl. (Mansfield, Ohio) 1 Sept. 1/2 On Sunday Spitz will be going for gold in the 100-meter freestyle.
1990 L. L. Ross Harvest Opportunity i. 34 Every farm woman has a product that she could really expand in... They shouldn't be afraid..they should go for the gold.
1997 Darts Player 98 43/1 Once I climb the steps to the stage again, the old feeling of wanting to win will come back and I'll be going for gold.
2011 T. Ronald Becoming Nancy (2012) iv. 58 She clearly takes this as a sign of arousal on my part and goes for gold.

Compounds

C1. Compounds of the noun.
a. General attributive with the sense ‘of, relating to, or used for gold’; (also) ‘containing or yielding gold’; as gold lode, gold ore, gold scale, gold vault, gold vein, gold yield, etc.
ΚΠ
OE Andreas (1932) 1655 Sægde his fusne hige, þæt he þa goldburg ofgifan wolde, secga seledream ond sincgestreon, beorht beagselu.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 253 Schrift..haueð þilke muchele michten..deorewurðe ofer golt or [altered from golt hort; c1230 Corpus Cambr. gold or] & ȝimmes ouer [read of] inde.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. cii. 881 Ofte þe stoon lazulus is yfounde among siluer ore and among gold ore.
1442 in E. F. Jacob & H. C. Johnson Reg. Henry Chichele (1937) II. 617 (MED) Item, lego Willelmo Osbarn..stateram meam argenti vocatam goldbalance.
1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Aurum Venæ auri, golde veynes.
1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1270/1 The blacke stone, which the goldfiners had said to hold gold, and therefore called the same gold ore.
1638 A. Tounshend in H. Carey tr. V. Malvezzi Romulus & Tarquin To Author, A vj b In their Gold-scales to weigh both him and you.
1683 J. Pettus tr. L. Ercker ii. ii. 109 in Fleta Minor i There also Flinty and Horn-stony Gold Veins [Ger. Goltgäng].
1703 C. Cibber She wou'd & she wou'd Not i. 2 Flo. Pray, what's in the portmanteau?..Hyp. In it are jewels of value,..good gold store,..and credential letters.
1745 J. Serle Plan of Mr. Pope's Gardens 8 A fine Piece of Gold Ore from the Peruvian Mines.
1877 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 352 Some promising gold-lodes have also been found.
1882 Calif. Jrnl. Mines & Geol. 2 165 If we consider the year 1877, we see that the percentage of gold yield is shared by the different districts, as follows.
1930 Pop. Sci. Monthly June 30/2 An elaborate system of safeguards that protects the gold vaults of the Bank of France.
1991 RTZ Rev. Dec. 5/1 Two large gold deposits..containing about 50 million tonnes of ore.
2017 Western Advocate (Nexis) 3 Mar. A set of gold scales, made by Avery in England, and used at Sunny Corner during the gold rush.
b.
(a) Instrumental, with the sense ‘by or with gold’, as gold-clad, gold-encrusted, gold-lined, gold-made, etc.
ΚΠ
OE Battle of Finnsburh (transcript of lost MS) 13 Ða aras mænig goldhladen ðegn, gyrde hine his swurde.
c1275 ( Will of Wulfsige (Sawyer 1537) in D. Whitelock Anglo-Saxon Wills (1930) 74 Ic an mine kynelouerd ii hors and helm and brinie & an swerd and a goldwreken spere.
1586 W. Warner Albions Eng. ix. xlvi. 218 Our gold-imbased World.
1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares f. 73v Though we glister it neuer so in our..golde-florisht garments.
1598 E. Guilpin Skialetheia v. sig. D5v All in gold-dawbed sutes.
1604 M. Drayton Moyses iii. 72 A gold-made God how durst you euer name?
1607 T. Tomkis Lingua iii. vii. G 3 b The gold strung harpe of Apollo.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iv. i. 130 Thy haire Thou other Gold-bound-brow, is like the first. View more context for this quotation
1625 K. Long tr. J. Barclay Argenis v. xvii. 392 A Garland of Gold-wrought Purple.
1766 W. Perfect Laurel-wreath II. 106 The dawn..brightens o'er the corn-invested ground: Unfolds the gold-clad..lands.
1823 F. D. Hemans Siege Valencia ix. 239 The gold-broider'd mantle.
1855 J. C. Stretton Woman's Devotion II. 154 Her lovely gold-lit ringlets.
1875 R. Browning Aristophanes' Apol. 365 A gold-graved writing.
1880 J. W. Zaehnsdorf Art of Bookbinding xxii. 111 Finishing [of bindings] is divided into two classes..monastic and gold-finished.
1953 C. Beaton Diary Coronation Day in Self Portrait with Friends (1979) xviii. 255 The scarlet, blue and gold-clad heralds.
1995 V. Chandra Red Earth & Pouring Rain (1996) 515 A well-dressed man wearing a gold-lined turban.
2011 S. Sahota Ours are Streets 55 A metal chest with thick gold-encrusted corners.
(b)
gold-embroidered adj.
ΚΠ
1606 King of Denmarkes Welcome 5 The Kinges Pages in white Hats, with golde imbrodered bands.
1647 R. Stapleton tr. Juvenal Sixteen Satyrs vi. 506 Her faire gold-embroyder'd garment [L. latum pictae vestis..aurum].
1774 Let. 30 July in Mariner's Mirror (1955) 41 96 Gold embroidered button holes.
1818 La Belle Assemblée Mar. 133/2 A gold embroidered lama drapery.
1954 L. MacNeice Autumn Sequel 61 Gold-embroidered brocade.
2017 N.Y. Post (Nexis) 9 Jan. 27 Wearing an off-the-shoulder, gold-embroidered Erdem dress with ruffled sleeves.
gold-inlaid adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > artistic work in metal > [adjective] > inlaid
enchased1616
gold-inlaid1771
patined1894
1771 Gazetteer & New Daily Advertiser 28 Jan. (advt.) One steel and gold inlaid French sword.
1863 H. W. Longfellow Musician's Tale ii. xiii, in Tales Wayside Inn 78 Harness gold-inlaid and burnished.
1925 N. Mitchison Cloud Cuckoo Land (1928) 142 Kleiteles was in full armour as a cavalry captain, with fine gold-inlaid breast-plate and greaves.
2014 Irish Independent (Nexis) 18 Jan. 26 The flamboyant and flowery patterns and gold-inlaid art deco designs are perfected in the landmark Four Seasons Gresham Palace Hotel.
gold-mounted adj.
ΚΠ
1754 Daily Advertiser 14 June Mr. Clemens..desires Mr. G. to redeem his Diamond Ring, Gold mounted Snuff-Box and Watch.
1828 W. Scott Jrnl. 26 May (1941) 253 A gold-mounted pair of glasses.
1926 W. de la Mare Connoisseur & Other Stories 43 His horn-handled and gold-mounted umbrella.
2014 Austin (Texas) Amer.-Statesman (Nexis) 1 May c7 Royal sword on auction: A gold-mounted Saudi Arabian sword.
c. Objective, with agent nouns, as gold hunter, gold refiner, gold seeker, gold trader, etc.; also with verbal nouns and participles, as gold-containing, gold-gathering, gold-producing, gold trading, etc.In quot. 1327 in a surname.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > workers with specific materials > metalworker > [noun] > worker in gold or silver > goldsmith > gold-refiner
gold-finer1437
gold refiner1739
OE Seafarer 83 Næron nu cyningas ne caseras ne goldgiefan swylce iu wæron.
1327 in G. Fransson Middle Eng. Surnames (1935) 134 Joh. Goldehoper.
1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus Bractearius,..a golde layer: a gilter.
1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes To Rdr. sig. B1v Our forenamed Gold-falsifiers.
1600 T. Nashe Summers Last Will sig. G2 Golde-breathing Alcumists.
1603 J. Davies Microcosmos 239 Vpon the verge of whose gold-stayning haire, Illustrious Saphires ev'nly ranked were.
1739 D. Bellamy Misc. Prose & Verse II. sig. A5 Mr. Thomas Ubank, Gold-Refiner.
1739 J. Barber Poet. Wks. 24 Curs'd Child.., whose Fingers rob, With Touch unfelt, the Gold-containing Fob.
1771 R. Berenger Hist. & Art Horsemanship I. 74 The little horse, which moves his feet in time, Comes from Austria's gold-producing clime.
1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 541 Gold-refiners become dyspnetic from inhaling the vapour of aquafortis.
1851 S. Rutter (title) Hints to gold hunters.
1852 G. B. Earp Gold Colonies Austral. 130 A system which should give encouragement to gold seekers.
1871 B. Taylor tr. J. W. von Goethe Faust (Boston ed.) II. i. ii. 23 Along what shafts and mines corroded, The gold-diviner's steps are goaded.
1877 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 19 During the early days of gold-gathering.
1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 28 Oct. 11/2 The prosecution of..gold-seeking in the Kimberley district.
1894 H. Nisbet Bush Girl's Romance 197 The gold-promising quartz predominated.
1934 Mississippi Valley Hist. Rev. 21 219 Professor Conger showed the zeal of gold hunting when news came of the California discoveries of 1848.
1943 W. Lewis Let. 26 Jan. (1963) 343 This [sc. Canada] is after Africa the second largest gold-producing centre on the planet.
1998 T. Standage Victorian Internet 174 A Gold Room was established at the Stock Exchange on Wall Street specifically for gold trading.
2016 Platts Metals Daily (Nexis) 20 May India's largest gold refiner..has recently started importing dore with higher silver content to capitalize on increasing demand for the metal.
2017 Australian (Nexis) 23 Feb. 5 Beechworth was part of the original gold rush, it was the richest gold-producing town in Victoria or even Australia.
d.
(a) Parasynthetic, as gold-chained, gold-edged, gold-hemmed, gold-hilted, gold-robed, etc.
ΚΠ
OE Riddle 55 14 Þæt oft wæpen abæd his mondryhtne, maðm in healle, goldhilted sweord.
a1400 (?OE) Bounds (Sawyer 812) in W. de G. Birch Cartularium Saxonicum (1893) III. 452 Þe gyldene melle so on þane ledene speketh and þaye angrenene boges an þare goleggede hauseþ [perhaps read hause þatt].
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 2395 (MED) I gif þe, sir, þe gurdel þat is golde-hemmed.
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iii. 79 Gold-sanded Tagus.
1655 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. I. i. 105 Crœsus..Who to his Gods did gold-wall'd Temples build.
1685 London Gaz. No. 2094/4 He has a pair of Gold-fringed Gloves.
1738 S.-Carolina Gaz. 20 July 4/1 Peter Horry..has to sell very reasonable, most sorts of hollands..silver and gold hilted swords.
1855 R. Browning Popularity ix, in Men & Women II. 196 When gold-robed he took the throne.
1860 C. Dickens Let. 24 Sept. (1997) IX. 316 [Sydney] stood waving the gold-banded cap.
1861 C. M. Yonge Stokesley Secret iii. 44 A gold-clasped Prayer Book.
1948 C. Day Lewis Otterbury Incident 5 He grinned a lot, showing his bad teeth and a gold-stopped one.
1962 M. Renault Bull from Sea (1968) iii. 25 He came into my hall,..his willow waist gold-belted.
1998 J. Barnes England, England (1999) 138 He made slow notes with a gold-nibbed fountain-pen.
2015 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 28 Feb. 10 Gold-chained men with slicked-back hair.
(b)
gold-framed adj.
ΚΠ
1743 Daily Advertiser 3 Mar. Walnut-tree and gold-fram'd glasses.
1877 ‘Mrs. Forrester’ Mignon I. 12 The gold-framed cherub face.
1937 Amer. Home Apr. 156/4 The gold framed mirror over the chest of drawers.
2015 L. Hunt 13 Days of Midnight v. 202 I run my eyes over..a gold-framed photograph of Holiday at eight or nine.
gold-haired adj.
ΚΠ
1626 G. Sandys tr. Ovid Metamorphosis vi. 110 The gold-haird mother [L. flava comas..mater] of life-strengthning Seede.
1848 W. W. Story Graffiti d'Italia 388 Beside it lies The poison-ring the gold-haired Borgia wore.
1985 Toronto Star (Nexis) 22 Dec. d1 A queenly gold-haired woman in a Chanel suit.
2009 Poetry 195 19 The gold-haired girl is singing into your ear.
gold-headed adj.
ΚΠ
1707 Daily Courant 7 Apr. A Gold headed Cane with a black Ribbon on the same.
1821 R. Huish Mem. Late Majesty Caroline II. 509 A handsome elbow chair..covered with scarlet morocco, edged with gold-headed nails.
1908 Sat. Evening Post 3 Oct. 17/1 He fumbled in his pocket and took out..a gold-headed pencil.
2015 M. Muller & B. Pronzini Body Snatchers Affair xxiv. 200 The gold-headed stick he carried was tucked under one arm.
gold-rimmed adj.
ΚΠ
1823 Morning Chron. 30 Aug. The note was..received for a watch, a gold-rimmed eye-glass, and other things.
1908 E. Wharton Hermit & Wild Woman 2 With the appearing of every gold-rimmed face [sc. haloed saints].
1965 ‘A. Nicol’ Truly Married Woman 17 He unfolded his gold-rimmed spectacles.
2015 Transition No. 117. 186 A very young and equally beautiful girl, and an elderly man in gold-rimmed glasses.
gold-tasselled adj.
ΚΠ
1827 J. Imlah May Flowers 24 Know ye the land of the purple hill-heather, The gold tassell'd broom and the green tangl'd brake.
1886 Peterson's Mag. May 425/1 His red, velvet, gold-tasseled smoking-cap.
1980 M. Drabble Middle Ground 171 Her vast off-white, gold-tasselled..settee.
2004 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 5 June (Property section) 10 The bed is..swagged with..muslin, floaty curtains falling from gold-tasselled pelmets.
gold-toothed adj.
ΚΠ
1900 Boston Post 10 Mar. 6/3 Beware of this gold-toothed sharper who stalks around in the guise of an unfortunate suburbanite.
1957 Illustr. London News 15 June 1001/2 Gold-toothed with a little moustache,..he drifts down to breakfast at noon.
2010 N. Shukla Coconut Unlimited iii. 59 The gold-toothed DJ dropped the patois and spoke in an irritated London brogue.
e. Some of the formations listed here (e.g. gold braid, gold cloth, gold drop) could alternatively be interpreted as compounds of the adjective.
gold amalgam n. [after German Goldamalgam (1672 as Gold-Amalgama)] solid or liquid matter consisting of gold combined with mercury, esp. as produced in the extraction of gold from rock or as used in gilding; a substance of this kind.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > alloy > [noun] > mercury alloys or amalgam > soft or spongy
amalgam1471
pina1604
gold amalgam1795
1795 J. G. Schmeisser Syst. Mineral. II. 60 The cleaned surface of such metals [sc. as in gildings] is first coated with the mixture of gold and mercury, or gold-amalgam, and then exposed to heat.
1982 Jrnl. Afr. Hist. 23 538 By the early 1900s there were some nine different types of gold amalgam, bullion and so on, which Rand mining companies sent to Europe for smelting, assaying, refining and sale.
2001 Times 22 Mar. ii. 8/1 Goldsmiths (who used a gold amalgam for gilding), mirror-makers and hatters have all become accidental victims of mercury poisoning.
gold bank n. a bank, esp. a national bank, whose main business is to deal in or exchange gold and gold currency.Formerly, in the United States (esp. California): a bank authorized to issue gold notes; see gold note n. (now historical).
ΚΠ
1797 W. Playfair Let. to W. Pulteney 15 A gold bank then, will not answer the purpose: now let us enquire what other bank is most likely to do so.
1872 Banker's Mag. Aug. 139 Only three national gold banks are at present in operation.., two of which are in California.
1889 Cent. Dict. Gold-bank, a national banking association of a class organized under United States Revised Statutes to issue notes payable in gold coin.
1987 Econ. & Polit. Weekly 5 Dec. 2080/2 The working group..has still to submit its report on the..establishment of a gold bank.
2016 Financial Express (Bangladesh) (Nexis) 27 Oct. Jewellers have demanded of the government to set up a gold bank and a special economic zone to help flourish the sector in the country.
gold bar n. a rectangular block of gold, esp. used as a medium of exchange; cf. gold brick n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > precious metal > [noun] > gold > lump or bar of gold
rulea1382
tongue1535
grain1613
gold bar1713
gold brick1820
lob1825
1713 Let. Sir R—— H—— Commerce with France 2 We Barter our Cloth and Serges..for Pieces of Eight, Gold Bars.., and Bills of Exchange.
1870 Punchinello 9 July 237/1 A heavy deposit of bullion, mostly gold bars.
1913 W. S. Morley Lab. Instr. Fire Assays Gold, Silver, & Lead 41 The object of this experiment is to make you familiar with some of the conditions under which a gold bar of moderate size is melted and cast.
2009 Daily Tel. 20 Apr. (Business section) b1/1 There are already reports that gold bars are becoming scarce, partly due to fears that futures contracts..may not prove reliable if there is a serious break-down in the global financial system.
gold bearing adj. (a) that yields or carries gold; (b) U.S. designating a bond on which the principal and interest are paid in gold (now historical).
ΚΠ
?c1599 J. Davies & C. Marlowe Epigrammes & Elegies sig. F1v Let kings giue place to verse and Kingly showes, The bankes ore which golde bearing Tagus flowes.
1799 M. Park Trav. Interior Districts Afr. xxiii. 304 Were the gold-bearing streams to be traced to their fountains.
a1861 T. Winthrop John Brent (1862) i. 8 It was my own fault that I looked for gold-bearing quartz.
?1869 7 Per Cent. Gold Loan Kansas Pacific Railway 5 Gold-bearing Railroad and Land-Grant Sinking Fund Bonds.
1894 Pop. Sci. Monthly June 174 The northern rivers and creeks have gold-bearing sand.
1997 J. M. Hernon Profiles in Character ii. 74 The demand [for bonds] was weak during the autumn of that presidential election year, even for gold-bearing bonds issued that September.
2016 Pretoria News (Nexis) 19 Sept. 4 A discovery that would open up the richest veins of gold-bearing rock mankind has discovered.
† gold-beat adj. Obsolete decorated or adorned with beaten gold; = gold-beaten adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [adjective] > gilded
gildedOE
giltc1330
ygilt1340
gilteda1400
gold-hewna1400
gold-beatenc1400
gold-beata1413
overgilta1425
parcel-gilt1453
party-gilt1469
begilded1594
inaurated1623
parcela1625
begilta1637
water-gilt1707
inaurate1855
a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1881) ii. l. 1229 And doun she sette here by hym on a ston Of Iaspre, vp-on a quysshon gold y-bete.
a1450 (c1375) G. Chaucer Anelida & Arcite (Tanner 346) (1878) l. 24 Theseus with..The laurer corouned in his chare golde bete.
1600 J. Weever Faunus & Melliflora sig. D4v A garment then hee tooke..Of gold beat Samite..With..broches, birdes, and beasts, ywrought.
1847 T. M. Hughes Iberia Won iv. v. 128 What were thy mural crowns, bellipotent Rome, Thy gold-beat turrets for the daring head?
† gold-beaten adj. Obsolete decorated or adorned with beaten gold; = gold-beat adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [adjective] > gilded
gildedOE
giltc1330
ygilt1340
gilteda1400
gold-hewna1400
gold-beatenc1400
gold-beata1413
overgilta1425
parcel-gilt1453
party-gilt1469
begilded1594
inaurated1623
parcela1625
begilta1637
water-gilt1707
inaurate1855
c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 1032 Her herneys was gold-beten sylk.
c1410 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Harl. 7334) (1885) l. 2500 Gold-beten [c1405 Hengwrt Goldhewen] helmes.
c1600 (?c1395) Pierce Ploughman's Crede (Trin. Cambr. R.3.15) (1873) l. 188 And louely ladies y-wrouȝt..In many gay garmentes þat weren gold-beten.
1885 R. Bridges Eros & Psyche ii. xiii. 19 Whose head was made of fine gold beaten work, Of silver pure his arms and gleaming chest.
gold beating n. the action or process of beating out gold into gold leaf; this as an occupation or skill.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > [noun] > forging or shaping > types or methods of
planishing1361
malleationc1429
flatting1611
gold beating1621
shingling1674
skelping1803
upsetting1815
swaging1832
drop-forginga1884
dinging1923
upending1932
1621 Abstr. Grieuances Cutlers, Paynter-stainers, & Book-binders (single sheet) Certaine persons skilled in the mistery of Gold beating.
1763 W. Lewis Commercium Philosophico-technicum 50 The process of gold-beating is considerably influenced by the weather.
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 610 Four principal operations constitute the art of gold beating. 1. The casting of the gold ingots. 2. The hammering [etc.].
1907 Pop. Mech. Jan. 134/2 The daily sweepings from gold-beating establishments are saved.., as they are rich with gold.
2011 A. Fahs Out on Assignment ii. 83 He soon discovered that gold beating was a ‘factory trade’ involving the preparation of paper-thin gold leaf used in book binding.
gold belt n. the area over which gold is found, esp. in a specified region.
ΚΠ
1851 Daily News 15 Nov. 1/3 Numerous veins have been found to exist in other portions of the gold belt.
1861 Otago Witness (Dunedin, N.Z.) 23 Mar. 10 Had the diggers..gone westward up the Wangapeka to its source, they would..have got into the richest portion of the gold-belt.
1900 Jrnl. Amer. Geogr. Soc. N.Y. 32 361 Early in 1898 a few miners located pay-dirt on the gold belt that runs through the territory, about 600 miles up the Koyukuk.
2016 Africa News (Nexis) 9 Feb. Large swathes of Ghana's gold belt have been laid to waste in the search for the precious metal by illegal small-scale miners.
gold beryl n. †(a) a yellowish-green mineral consisting of beryllium aluminate; = chrysoberyl n. b (obsolete); (b) a golden-yellow variety of beryl.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > chrysoberyl > [noun]
chrysoberyl1661
cymophane1804
gold beryl1807
alexandrite1844
chrysoberyl cat's-eye1874
the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > oxides and hydroxides > [noun] > other oxides > chrysoberyl
chrysoberyl1661
cymophane1804
gold beryl1807
1807 A. Aikin & C. R. Aikin Dict. Chem. & Mineral. I. 539/2 Gold-Beryl. See Chrysoberyl.
1870 J. Tennant Catal. Gems & Precious Stones S. Kensington Mus. 20 Chrysoberyl (‘gold-beryl’) is a compound of alumina and glucina, with some oxide of iron and other substances.
1938 Brit. Chem. & Physiol. Abstr. A. I. 218/2 Aquamarine, gold beryl, rose beryl, chrysoberyl,..and tourmaline may be identified by means of their fluorescence colours.
2004 Namibia Holiday & Trav. 187/2 Heliodor (yellow) was first identified in the early 1900s as a new variety of beryl (known as gold beryl from other localities).
gold bloc n. now chiefly historical a bloc of countries adhering to the gold standard (see gold standard n.), esp. those European countries that retained the gold standard during the 1930s after others had abandoned it.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > value of money > [noun] > countries having gold or silver standard
gold bloc1925
sterling area1932
sterling bloc(k)1932
sterling group1932
1925 Times 25 Apr. 11/6 The influence of so substantial a gold ‘bloc’ should lead the remaining ‘soft currency’ countries to make a real advance towards the same goal.
1935 Economist 12 Jan. 57/2 The figures for the gold bloc countries reveal a noticeable contrast between the movement of French wholesale prices on the one hand and of Italian and German prices on the other.
1970 Encycl. Brit. X. 548/2 A small group of continental countries led by France continued the struggle to maintain convertibility at the old price until 1936. This gold bloc collapsed because the depreciation of sterling and the dollar meant that the exports of the gold bloc countries were at a competitive disadvantage in world markets.
2013 Atlantic Online (Nexis) 3 Feb. The countries that stayed with the gold standard the longest, the so-called Gold Bloc of France, Belgium, and Poland, were the last to begin growing again.
gold blocking n. the action or process of embossing or blocking a surface, esp. a book cover, with gold leaf (see block n. 11, block v. 7c); (also) the area so stamped or blocked in gold.Earliest in attributive use.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > book > manufacture or production of books > book-binding > ornament or lettering on binding > [noun] > impressed designs > type of
fillet1641
blind-tooling1818
blocking1846
gold blocking1852
blind-blocking1870
run-up1875
gouge1885
azure1894
goffering1894
blind-stamping1910
1852 C. Tomlinson Cycl. Useful Arts (1854) I. 159/2 The covers are then passed to a gold-blocking press.
1861 Times 21 June 23/4 (advt.) An industrious man, who understands gold blocking on leather, silk, &c.
1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVI. 302/2 In the matter of gold blocking there must be great care exercised in the matter of the heat of the block.
2005 Burlington Mag. Mar. p. xxx/1 The index is bound in black cloth with gold blocking.
† gold blossom n. U.S. Mining Obsolete an oxidized mineral deposit at the surface believed to indicate the presence of gold in underlying rocks (cf. blossom n. 3a).
ΚΠ
1830 J. A. Jones Let. 23 Nov. in Assay Offices, Gold Districts N. Carolina & Georgia (1831) 24 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (22nd Congr., 1st Sess.: House of Representatives Rep. 82) I A great deal is said about gold blossom, and much stress has been laid on signs, the principal knowledge which I have obtained from experience is, that no signs are to be relied on.
1851 W. Kelly Excursion to Calif. II. ix. 106 Amongst them had been found..innumerable large chunks and lumps, some perfectly pure, others largely amalgamated with the gold blossom.
gold bob n. now chiefly historical a gold ornament, such as a pendant, ear drop, etc. (see bob n.1 3).
ΚΠ
1694 L. Echard tr. Plautus Epidicus ii. ii, in tr. Plautus Comedies 95 Top-knots, Fingle Fangles, and Gold-Bobs.
1785 Explan. Vices of Age 7 They..have the best silks, gold bobs in their ears, diamond-rings on their fingers.
1899 Leeds Mercury Weekly Suppl. 1 Apr. 10/2 Draperies of old lace, gold ‘bobs,’ and two very beautiful snowy ostrich feathers.
1995 M. G. Fales Jewelry in Amer., 1600–1900 i. 70 Posy rings..and mourning rings were stock in trade... He kept on hand in his glass display case a few simple gold bobs for the ladies' ears.
gold book n. a packet containing pieces of gold leaf separated by sheets of paper; = book n. 7a.
ΚΠ
1842 Bristol Mercury 6 Aug. 1/5 (advt.) The best gold leaf cheaper than at any other house in Bristol. Skewings and empty gold books taken in exchange.
1903 New Internat. Encycl. VIII. 370/2 The gilding material is sold in ‘books,’ a gold book usually containing 24 leaves, 3 inches square.
2018 www.carolventura.com 28 Feb. (O.E.D. Archive) Gold leaf workshop... Twenty five sheets of gold leaf are..individually cut to size and placed between sheets of paper to produce a ‘gold book’.
gold braid n. (a) gold-coloured braid, or a piece of this, esp. decorative edging on a uniform worn as a mark of rank; (b) slang a collective name for army or naval officers, senior prison warders, or other officials wearing gold braid.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > hostilities at sea > seafaring warrior or naval man > leader or commander > [noun] > naval officer > commissioned officers collectively
gold braid1753
wardroom1801
wardroom officer1850
society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prisoner > [noun] > jailer > senior jailers
gold braid1753
lieutenant1942
1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison I. ix. 47 Unbuttoning his coat two buttons to let a gold braid appear upon his waistcoat.
1872 Gaz. Fashion Mar. 84/1 Collar and pointed cuffs the colour of the regimental facings, and trimmed with gold braid according to rank.
1916 La Crosse (Wisconsin) Tribune May 2/2 Pretty debutantes, sub-debs..and..much army and navy gold braid, were on display here today.
1933 ‘G. Ingram’ ‘Stir’ iii. 52 The chief warder... All the screws get their orders through him. The other gold braid you 'ave to be careful of are the principals, those blokes with the gold braid on the peaks of their caps.
1987 B. MacLaverty Great Profundo (1989) 102 A rig-out like one of those bull-fighters, gold braid on scarlet.
2007 Independent 2 Apr. 2/3 The gold braid of the Ministry of Defence produce a complexity of maps to prove our boys were in Iraqi waters.
gold braided adj. (a) made of or adorned with gold braid; (b) (of a person, esp. an army or naval officer) wearing gold braid.
ΚΠ
1792 F. tr. Hymn II. To Venus in R. Polwhele Poems Gentlemen Devonshire & Cornwall I. 54 The same They wore themselves gold-braided, when they join'd The choir august of gods.
1830 Standard 31 Aug. The handsome and massive gold braided cords at present worn around the officers' caps are to be abolished.
1889 A. Conan Doyle Micah Clarke xxiv. 244 It's your blue-coated, gold-braided..quarter-deckers that talk of canes.
1933 A. M. Lindbergh Let. 14 July in Locked Rooms & Open Doors (1974) 52 Another Italian speedboat with a gray-uniformed, gold-braided officer aboard who salutes, and smiles and bows.
2015 Reading (Pa.) Eagle (Nexis) 4 July The mill..also makes gold braided cap bands, trouser stripes and sleeve lace for military dress uniforms.
gold-bright adj. [compare Old Icelandic gull-bjartr] chiefly poetic †(a) bright with (ornaments of) gold (obsolete); (b) as bright as gold; that glows like gold.
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OE Ruin 33 Þær iu beorn monig glædmod ond goldbeorht gleoma gefræt weð [read gefrætwed]..wighyrstum scan.
1813 J. Fitchett King Alfred III. xix. 120 May heaven's All-father yet forgive! E'en yet receive me in his gold-bright halls!
1838 R. M. Milnes Poems I. 61 There are gold-bright Suns in worlds above.
1845 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 2) 221 Gold-bright stars.
1965 F. Herbert Dune ii. 256 A gold-bright sun's lost in first dusk.
2011 V. J. Waks Hammerspace xv. 152 The light scintillated off the morph's gold-bright hair.
† gold-burned adj. Obsolete burnished like gold; brilliant, bright.
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c1450 (?a1405) J. Lydgate Complaint Black Knight (Fairf.) l. 34 in Minor Poems (1934) ii. 384 The sunne, golde-borned in hys spere.
gold card n. a preferential credit or charge card allowing the holder access to a range of benefits and financial services not available to regular cardholders.Cf. platinum card n. at platinum n. and adj. Compounds 3.
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society > trade and finance > management of money > solvency > [noun] > credit documents > credit card
credit card1888
bank card1947
card1950
American Express1958
Amex1958
charge card1962
banker's card1966
Barclaycard1966
cheque card1966
Master Charge1966
gold card1970
asset card1975
debit card1975
visa1976
affinity card1979
master card1979
smart card1980
phonecard1981
key card1985
Connect1987
Switch card1988
1970 Official Gaz. (U.S. Patent Office) 3 Feb. tm32/1 Gold card... For guaranteeing the payment of checks issued by depositors through the issuance of identification cards... First use Mar. 15, 1968.
1975 Business Week 4 Aug. 53/3 American Express also is negotiating with the banks to provide reciprocal privileges that will allow any gold card holder..to use cash-dispensing electronic terminals operated by any of the banks.
1986 Sunday Express 17 Aug. 22/4 Travellers get ‘special’ treatment whichever gold card they use.
2003 Which? Mar. 26/2 A few gold cards, platinum cards and some charge cards give you card protection insurance free.
gold certificate n. a certificate or statement that confirms ownership of gold to a specified value; spec. (a) a United States government banknote certifying that gold to the amount stated on the face of the certificate has been deposited and may be redeemed; = gold note n. (now historical); (b) a statement certifying ownership of current gold holdings, issued by the United States Treasury Department to the Federal Reserve.In sense (a) such notes were until 1933 usable as paper currency; cf. yellowback n. 4, gold note n.In sense (b) the certificate usually takes the form of a (now electronic) statement of holdings, rather than a paper note.
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1857 Economist 10 Jan. 39/1 With regard to the employment of paper which actually represents gold..and may for all purposes be considered as gold certificates or warrants.
1864 Santa Fe Weekly New Mexican 27 May 2/3 The boys in New York..join[ed] in the procession of gold certificate buyers.
1936 Commerc. & Financial Chron. 24 Oct. 2605/1 Federal Reserve banks must maintain a reserve in gold certificates of at least 40%, including the redemption fund which must be deposited with the Treasurer of the United States... ‘Gold Certificates’ as herein used includes credits with the Treasurer of the United States payable in gold certificates.
1992 D. Herrmann A. M. Lindbergh x. 134 Hauptmann..had been arrested several days after giving Walter Lyle..a [stolen] $10 gold certificate.
2010 I. S. Friedberg & A. Friedberg Paper Money United States (ed. 19) 164 Gold Certificates are colorful and vivid and are among the most attractive of all currency issues.
2012 Wall St. Jrnl. 7 Feb. a2/4 The Federal Reserve holds $11.037 billion in gold certificates, which represent claims in dollars on the U.S. Treasury and not actual gold holdings.
gold clause n. a clause in a loan agreement or financial contract between governments, businesses, or private individuals, stipulating that repayments must be made in the gold equivalent of the currency involved at the time either the agreement or the loan was made.The purpose of a gold clause, used esp. during the era of the gold standard, is to protect the lender or creditor against a fall in the borrower's currency.
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1862 Daily Herald & Mirror (San Francisco) 24 Oct. Commission men and importers have been and are still doing everything to secure themselves against loss by inserting a gold clause in every note of hand they receive.
1935 Economist 19 Jan. 116/1 The clause..was quite definite, calling for payment in United States gold coin of the weight and fineness existing at the time of the issue of the bond... [Last year] Congress passed a resolution invalidating all ‘gold clause’ contracts.
2011 Globe & Mail (Canada) (Nexis) 14 Dec. Like the ‘gold clauses’ common during the era of the gold standard, such provisions would fix liabilities at a conversion rate to gold, or the dollar.
gold cloth n. cloth of gold (see cloth n. 9c).
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1615 P. Gordon First Pt. Famous Hist. Bruce xvi. sig. Xiij Him self in glorie sat vpon the throne A diadeleime vpon his head he wore A paill aboue of glistring gold cloth shone.
1754 E. Farneworth tr. G. Leti Life Pope Sixtus V v. 177 (note) This magistrate..always appears in court in a robe of gold cloth..lined with crimson silk.
1868 W. Morris Earthly Paradise i. 287 Gold cloth so wrought that nought of gold seemed there.
1908 J. de W. Addison Arts & Crafts Middle Ages vi. 184 Strips of gilded parchment were fraudulently substituted for the genuine flat metal thread... Gold cloth was of varying excellence.
2008 W. Childs in C. Given-Wilson et al. War, Govt. & Aristocracy in Brit. Isles 276 With the addition of the 90 pieces of rakkemas and imperials the total value of gold cloth reaches £1621.
gold coin n. (a) a coin made of gold, or containing a percentage of gold; (b) (as a mass noun) such coins collectively; currency or money consisting of gold coins.
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society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > [noun] > (a) gold coin
golds1478
gold coin1533
ruddock1567
red one1568
goldingc1580
pestle of a portigue1598
gold piece1606
yellowhammera1627
yellow boy1654
spanker1663
ridge1667
gold drop1701
spank1725
glistener1818
money-gold1841
canary1851
1533 Noble Coronacyon Quene Anne sig. A.iiiiv A ryche and costly purse of golde and in it a thousande marke in golde coyne.
1695 W. Lowndes Rep. Amendm. Silver Coins 21 Masters and Workers, Covenanted to make Two sorts of Gold Coins to wit..Rialls, Angels.
1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. v. 63 There would in this case, be a profit in melting it down, in order, first to sell the bullion for gold coin, and afterwards to exchange this gold coin for silver coin.
1816 Act 56 Geo. III C. 68 in Statutes United Kingdom (1816) VI. 915 The Gold Coin made according to the Indentures of the Mint should henceforth be the sole Standard Measure of Value.
1898 Argosy Sept. 325 The prisoner put his hand underneath his ragged gibbeh and brought forth a handful of gold coins.
1986 L. L'Amour Son of Wanted Man iv. 33 He had in his possession sacks containing $12,500 in freshly minted gold coin.
1997 J. Williams Money ii. 56/2 In the Roman world..gold coins came to be treated as bullion.
2002 A. R. Kulkarni in A. K. Bagchi Money & Credit Indian Hist. 99 A striking feature of the South Indian currency was that the gold coin enjoyed the largest circulation and silver rupees were subsidiary to it.
gold collar adj. designating a person engaged in a highly remunerative occupation which depends on well-developed technical and analytical skills (chiefly in gold collar worker); (also) designating the occupation of such a worker.After blue-collar adj., white-collar adj.
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1982 P. J. Detmold in Business Q. May 25/1 The new highly productive, highly paid robot operators—the ‘gold collar workers’.
1991 Houston Chron. (Nexis) 18 Nov. a 13 The demand for technically prepared individuals in this and the next century will be so high that these workers are already being called ‘gold-collar’ workers.
2005 Metro (Toronto) 7 Mar. 12/4 Ad campaigns designed to get youngsters thinking that the skilled trades are ‘gold collar’ occupations that sometimes pay six figures.
gold commissioner n. chiefly Australian, New Zealand, & Canadian (now historical) an official who issues permits allowing the holder to prospect and dig for gold.
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1851 Bathurst (New S. Wales) Free Press 24 May 5/1 Mr Hardy..has been appointed Gold Commissioner at a salary of £600 a year.
1937 Brandon (Manitoba) Daily Sun 21 Sept. 1/4 A spectacular-appearing gold nugget, weighing 53 ounces, was left with the gold commissioner here Monday by its finders.
2007 Jrnl. Econ. Hist. 67 962 The governor James Douglas passed the Gold Act in 1859 in an attempt to establish crown ownership over the gold, institute a miner's license, and create gold commissioners.
gold-copper adj. that yields both gold and copper.
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the world > the earth > minerals > ore > [noun] > metal ore > gold-copper ore
gold-copper1893
1893 Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Sentinel 2 Aug. 4/4 In San Juan country there is enough gold-copper ore produced to keep the Durango smelters in operation.
1921 Engin. & Mining Jrnl. 22 Oct. 650 He was developing his gold-copper mine..twelve miles north of Gold Hill.
2008 Calgary (Alberta) Herald (Nexis) 15 Mar. d2 (caption) A Nautilus Minerals geologist holds a piece of gold-copper ore recovered offshore.
gold country n. (a) a country or nation that produces or is rich in gold (now rare); (b) any area or region in which gold is found or sought.
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1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. (index) Gold Countries.
1670 J. Ogilby Africa 238 The Slaves..[carry] Packs..of Goods... to barter to the Southern and Gold-Countreys.
1705 tr. W. Bosman New Descr. Coast of Guinea Index sig. Ii8 Ananse, an in-lande Gold Country.
1748 H. Ellis Voy. Hudson's-Bay 13 From the Accounts we have of these three Voyages, it looks as if they had a mind to keep this Gold Country to themselves.
1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus iii. i. 75/1 We are to guide our British Friends into the new Gold-country, and shew them the mines.
1980 P. McCurtin Double-barrel Sundance i. 8 But there was gold up there waiting to be taken out... This part of Nevada was gold country.
2000 S. Haffner Defying Hitler (2002) 255 The English got..India and Egypt and..Australia and South Africa, the gold countries.
2014 J. B. Severance Fortune Found xx. 119 It started out as a mining town... Like every settlement in gold country, it had a considerable tent city.
gold-drawer n. now historical a person who draws gold wire as an occupation; cf. wire-drawer n. 1.
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society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > workers with specific materials > metalworker > [noun] > worker in gold or silver > goldsmith > gold wire drawer
gold-drawer1528
1528 in J. S. Brewer Lett. & Papers Reign Henry VIII (1872) (modernized text) IV. ii. 1724 Francis Capone, gold drawer of London.
1536–7 PrivyPurse Expenses Princess Mary (1831) 12 Payed to the goldedrawer for Pypes and pyrles for a gowne to my ladys grace vijli. xviijs.
1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 2nd Bk. Wks. lvi. 247 Wherein dwelt the Goldsmiths, Lapidaries, Jewellers, Embroiderers, Tailors, Gold-drawers, Velvet-weavers, Tapestrie-makers and Upholsters.
2003 C. Gregorin et al. Venice Master Artisans 65 The craft of the tiraoro or gold-drawer, whose job it was to ‘draw’ the thin gold and silver wires from which the threads used by dressmakers were made, has now disappeared.
gold dredge n. a mechanical dredging device, typically mounted on a boat or barge, by means of which gold is dug up from river beds, etc.Earliest in attributive use.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > earth-moving and excavating equipment > [noun] > dredging equipment
dredge1471
clam-shell1508
drag1611
steam dredge1801
dredging-machine1830
hedgehog1838
bag and spoon1840
hydrophore1842
dredger1863
gold dredge1881
gold dredger1897
suction dredge1901
bucket dredge1907
cutter-dredge1913
1881 Atlanta (Georgia) Constit. 23 Nov. The machinery is about all delivered and is being put in place on board of the gold dredge boat at Martin's ford.
1883 Manitoba Daily Free Press 24 Oct. The new gold dredge got up steam on Tuesday and came across the river from the south side.
1948 P. Johnston Lost & Living Cities Calif. Gold Rush 25/1 Land that has once been mined by a gold dredge is utterly ruined for all time.
2012 N.Z. Herald (Nexis) 15 Apr. One of our drivers owns a gold dredge, generator and pump and can talk about prospecting until the cows come home.
gold dredger n. = gold dredge n.
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1897 Mining & Sci. Press (San Francisco) 2 Oct. 1/2 (caption) Gold dredger in Yuba River, Cal.
1901 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 1 Oct. 10/4 The new North Thompson River gold dredger, in a fraction over four days' actual gold dredging operations, secured 32 ounces of gold.
2012 Sunday Tel. (Austral.) (Nexis) 12 Aug. 6 This reality show follows crews of six gold dredgers chasing gold on the sea floor off the Alaskan port of Nome.
gold-dredging n. the action, process, or occupation of dredging for gold; often (and in earliest use) attributive.
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1849 Boston Daily Atlas 16 Oct. The Boston and California Gold-Dredging and Building Company.
1930 Woodland (Calif.) Daily Democrat 3 Feb. 2/5 [The project will] revive gold dredging in the area south of Oroville which has once been worked over.
1959 A. H. McLintock Descr. Atlas N.Z. p. xvi The unsightly piles of gravel or ‘tailings’..[are] a legacy from the gold-dredging boom of 60 years ago.
2016 Nelson (N.Z.) Mail (Nexis) 2 Feb. 7 Plans for a..gold-dredging operation on the Wakamarina River in Marlborough have been shot down for environmental reasons.
† gold-driver n. Obsolete rare a person who ‘drives’ or beats gold into thin sheets (see drive v. 13); = gold-beater n. 1a.
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society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > workers with specific materials > metalworker > [noun] > worker in gold or silver > goldsmith > gold-beater
gold-beater1252
gold-driver1687
1687 Elegy on Cleveland in J. Cleveland Wks. 284 As Gold-drivers that make Spangles rare, Do beat the yielding Metal into Air.
gold drop n. (a) a gold coin (now rare); (b) a gold ornament, pendant, etc.It is sometimes difficult to determine which of the senses is intended.
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society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > [noun] > (a) gold coin
golds1478
gold coin1533
ruddock1567
red one1568
goldingc1580
pestle of a portigue1598
gold piece1606
yellowhammera1627
yellow boy1654
spanker1663
ridge1667
gold drop1701
spank1725
glistener1818
money-gold1841
canary1851
1701 Deposition 3 Nov. in Articles People New Providence against E. Haskett, Governor (1702) 10 The Deponent carried..a Set of Gold Buttons, and three Gold Drops, all which was for the same purpose, as a Bribe.
1743 Proc. Old Bailey 7 Dec. 30/1 Two Gold Rings set with Diamonds, value 40 s. one Pair of Gold Drops, value 10 s.
1797 M. Robinson Walsingham II. 176 So touch the gold drops..divide them among you.
1883 Jrnl. Bombay Branch Royal Asiatic Soc. 15 296 [In the casket] there were thirty-one drilled stones.., four gold drops,..and three gold tubes.
1958 J. Stevens tr. F. M. Heichelheim Anc. Econ. Hist. I. Notes p. 481 Signed silver drops of two different weights from Minoan Knossos and similar gold drops from Mycenaean Salamis on Cyprus.
2014 Telegraph (Nexis) 30 May Two..chunky gold drops [in a necklace] are set with diamonds.
gold-dropper n. now archaic a swindler or confidence trickster who drops a gold coin and then pretends to have found it, in order to accost and gain the confidence of the intended victim; also in extended use (cf. money-dropper n. at money n. Compounds 2).
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1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Gold-droppers, Sweetners, Cheats, Sharpers.
1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue Gold-droppers, sharpers who drop a piece of gold, which they pick up in the presence of some unexperienced person..; this they pretend to have found, and..they invite him to a publick house to partake of it [where]..they seldom fail of stripping their prey.
1793 Fortnights Ramble through London 69 We have among us—Rum-drivers.., Gold-droppers.., and Wiper Drawers.
2008 K. Kamensky & J. Lepore Blindspot 107 London whelped they is. Lobsterbacks, gold-droppers, and affidavit men, with one hand full of court papers and the other in our pockets.
gold end man n. now historical a person who buys up old or broken pieces of gold.
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society > trade and finance > buying > buyer > [noun] > buyers of other specific things
cogmen1389
redemptioner1565
gold end man1605
book buyer1655
job buyer1844
koppie walloper1886
rapper1914
home shopper1922
1605 G. Chapman et al. Eastward Hoe v. sig. H3 His daughter, that he has marryed a sciruie Gold-end man, and his Prentise.
1612 B. Jonson Alchemist ii. iv. sig. E4v He lookes like a Gold-end man . View more context for this quotation
2013 H. Forsyth London's Lost Jewels 73 The precious metal was sold on to brokers, foreigners, pedlars, petty chapmen and ‘gold end men’.
gold escort n. Australian, New Zealand, & Canadian (now historical) an armed guard protecting gold in transit from a gold mine.Earliest in attributive use.
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1851 Bell's Life in Sydney 30 Aug. The Bathurst mail and gold escort carriage..did not reach town till yesterday afternoon.
1949 A. H. Reed Story Canterbury 265 A bank officer having been stuck up and robbed of some gold, the Provincial Council resolved to institute an armed gold escort.
1986 Pacific Northwest Q. 77 55/1 British Columbia had a government-funded system of..gold escorts, who provided security for shipments of precious metal.
2013 P. Macinnis Big Bk. Austral. Hist. 84 The colonial governments created gold escorts—groups of armed men in blue uniforms, usually retired soldiers, who accompanied sturdy carts filled with gold.
gold exchange standard n. a monetary system under which the value of a country's currency is kept at parity with another currency that is based on the gold standard (see gold standard n.).
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1924 Times Trade & Engin. Suppl. 29 Nov. 236/3 Indian commercial opinion is itself divided..as to the possibility and desirability of ‘scrapping’ the gold exchange standard in favour of an effective gold standard in the ordinary sense of the term.
1980 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 30 Nov. iii. 1/2 A gold exchange standard, such as we had under Bretton Woods.
2002 A. K. Bagchi Money & Credit Indian Hist. Introd. p. xxx There is no evidence..that the gold exchange standard helped lessen credit stringency as measured by the variability of the rates of interest.
gold farmer n. †(a) a person who supplies others with gold (obsolete); (b) (in online gaming) a person who plays a game intensively so as to amass stocks of the game's virtual currency or other valuable items used in the game, which can then be sold to other players for actual money.
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1853 Daily Morning News (Savannah, Georgia) 30 Mar. 1/3 We have regularly organized committees of gold merchants, or gold farmers, who supply us with our money exactly as other merchants and farmers provide us with wheat.
1896 Boston Daily Advertiser 18 Aug. 4/7 The major is one of the few gold farmers of the state.
2005 Sunday Times (Nexis) 15 May (News Review section) 13 These sites act as a clearing house for hundreds of thousands of tiny, independent gold farmers.
2016 K. Hill & A. Langley 100 Greatest Graphic Novels iii. 86 Anda sees another side to the gold farmers she assumed were ‘ruining’ her game out of greed, opening her eyes to the many shades of gray in her black-and-white world.
gold farming n. (a) the extraction and collection of gold (rare); (b) (in online gaming) the practice of playing a game intensively so as to amass stocks of the game's virtual currency or other valuable items used in the game, which can then be sold to other players for actual money.
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1897 Morning Oregonian (Portland, Oregon) 3 July 22/5 It is the same ‘gold farming’ of the placers today as in the past.
1983 Mountain Democrat (Placerville, Calif.) 9 Nov. a16/3 One of these days I'd like to build a sluice box on that creek and do a little ‘gold farming’ myself.
2005 Sunday Times (Nexis) 15 May (News Review section) 15 These retailers specialise in a practice known as ‘gold farming’ or ‘mining’. By employing cheap labour or automated tools, they pay players to gather gold and magic items within the game for little cost, then auction them in the real world at a healthy profit.
2012 Smith Jrnl. Winter 42/1 Gold farming, where people in low-income countries such as China earn MMORPG currency to sell to time-poor, high-income players.
gold fever n. a strong urge or desire to search for gold, esp. in newly-discovered goldfields; the excitement associated with a gold rush.
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1829 Columbia (S. Carolina) Telescope 24 July The ‘gold fever’ as it is humorously termed, is at this moment spreading with contagious fury... Companies, for gold-digging, are already in embryo.
1849 C. Lanman Lett. from Alleghany Mts. i. 15 When the gold fever commenced I..went to speculating in gold lots.
1905 Austral. Today 15 Dec. 16/2 In the very height of the Australian gold fever, it is estimated that there were 100,000 diggers at work in Australia.
2014 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 26 Feb. c9 It's all in pursuit of that most precious of metals that's caused more than one case of gold fever.
gold-filled adj. (a) (of a tooth or dental cavity) containing a filling made from gold or gold alloy; (b) (esp. of jewellery) consisting of a base metal covered with a thin layer of gold.
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1848 Knickerbocker Apr. 368 The gold-filled teeth of the victim of a dentist may be worth more than all the rest of his ‘anatomy’.
1890 Puck (N.Y.) 10 Sept. 44/2 The first time I clean your watch it was in a gold case; the next time in a gold-filled case.
1946 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 28 Dec. 982/1 The patient visited his dentist, who removed a gold-filled molar which was somewhat tender on pressure.
1974 Washington Post 25 Jan. a 30/3 (advt.) Our stunning collection of gold-filled earrings.
2001 R. Keefer Grounded in Eire ix. 205 Stanley made the mistake of offering the sentry one of his characteristic grins, displaying several of his twenty-two gold-filled cavities.
2007 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 3 May e5/2 (advt.) Blue-green chalcedony, aquamarine, smoky topaz and coin pearls on a 14K gold-filled chain.
gold filling n. a piece of gold or gold alloy used to fill a cavity in a tooth.
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1839 Boston Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 15 May 219 It is one of the peculiar advantages of a good gold filling, that it is not moved in the least by the operation of the teeth, the food, or the brush.
1958 Times 3 Apr. 11/7 I have a crown, seven amalgam fillings, three gold fillings, and one to come.
2011 V. Houston Dead Deceiver v. 29 If the fit or feel of a gold filling or a fixed bridge were not flawless, he would work with the patient and the dental lab until it was.
gold-film n. now rare attributive designating a type of glass (esp. as used in aircraft windows) incorporating a thin layer of gold film which can be electrically heated to clear ice or condensation; (also) designating a window made from such glass.
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society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > glass and glass-like materials > [noun] > glass > other types of glass
mirror glass1440
Venice glass1527
green glass1559
bubble glass1591
hard glass1597
window glass1606
bottle glass1626
looking-glass plate1665
opal glass1668
flint-glass1683
broad-glass1686
jealous glass1703
plate glass1728
Newcastle glass1734
flint1755
German sheet glass1777
Réaumur's porcelain1777
cut glass1800
Vauxhall1830
muslin glass1837
Venetian glass1845
latticinio1855
quartz glass1861
muff glass1865
thallium glass1868
St. Gobain glass1870
frost blue1873
crackle-glass1875
opaline1875
crackle-ware1881
amberina1883
opal1885
Jena1892
Holophane1893
roughcast1893
soda glass1897
opalite1899
milchglas1907
pâte de verre1907
Pyrex1915
silica glass1916
soda-lime glass1917
Vita-glass1925
peach-blow1930
borosilicate glass1933
Vitrolite1937
twin plate1939
sintered glass1940
gold-film1954
Plyglass1956
pyroceram1957
float glass1959
solar glass1977
1954 Aeronautics July Index 137/4 Triplex gold-film windscreen glass.
1958 Chambers's Techn. Dict. (ed. 2) 983/1 Gold-film glass, glass incorporating a thin gold film which can be electrically heated for demisting and de-icing.
1962 Engineering 2 Feb. 179/1 Heated gold-film windows for the flight deck of the de Havilland Trident aircraft.
† gold finger n. Obsolete the finger next to the little finger, on which a ring is traditionally worn; the ring finger (see ring finger n.).In quot. 1912: this finger personified as a female character. [Compare Old Frisian goldfinger, Middle Dutch goutvinger (early modern Dutch goudvinger), Middle Low German goltvinger, Old High German goldfingar (Middle High German goltvinger, German Goldfinger), all denoting this finger.]
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OE Antwerp-London Gloss. (2011) 99 Medicus uel anularis, læce uel goldfinger.
lOE Laws of Æðelberht (Rochester) liv. §4. 6 Gif man goldfinger of aslæhð, vi scillingum gebete.
1598 J. Mosan tr. C. Wirsung Praxis Med. Vniuersalis iv. i. 522 The fourth is the gold finger or Anularis, for that commonly the same is wont to be garnished and deckt with gold rings.
1840 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 47 608 There was not a syllable said either of thumbkin, or pointling, or gold-finger.
1912 Primary Educ. June 332/2 Gold Finger had been given a ring... Gold Finger was very vain, and..she said to the other fingers, ‘I am better than you. You have no fine rings.’
† gold-flint n. Obsolete a piece of flint containing gold.
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the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > [noun] > hard stone > flint
flintOE
flintstone1375
silexa1592
gold-flint1683
potstone1811
1683 J. Pettus tr. L. Ercker ii. i. 101 in Fleta Minor i Gold flints [Ger. Goltkiess] which have not only Gold but silver also.
1694 W. Salmon Pharmacopœia Bateana i. ix. 593/1 This Tincture if it be made out of Gold-Flints, Pebles or Sand, is none of the least Medicines.
gold flux n. (a) a flux (flux n. 11a) containing gold, or used for working with gold; (b) aventurine glass; = aventurine n. 1 (now historical).
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1817 Trans. Soc. Encouragem. Arts, Manuf., & Commerce 35 71 Mix 1 grain of this amalgam with three grains of gold flux.., which is to be applied in the usual manner.
1863 H. Watts Dict. Chem. I. 476 Aventurin glass, also called gold-flux.
1873 E. Spon Workshop Receipts 1st Ser. 47/2 Gold Flux.—11 parts, borax; 5½, litharge; 1, oxide of silver.
1978 S. T. Rasmussen in W. J. O'Brien & G. Ryge Outl. Dental Materials xxvi. 326 Some examples of gold fluxes for soldering are: Soldering Flux, which comes in a paste or powder, Solder Flux, and Soldering Flux Paste.
1993 Knopf Guides Venice 366 There was..aventurine glass (gold flux), which was invented at Murano.
Gold Glove n. North American Baseball an annual award given to a player judged to have exhibited superior fielding performances. Earliest in Gold Glove Award (a proprietary name in the United States).
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1957 Lawrence (Kansas) Daily Jrnl.-World 11 July 9/4 The Rawlings Sporting Goods Co., of St Louis, in cooperation with the Sporting News, hopes to focus attention on the fielding phase of baseball through the establishment of Gold Glove Awards for members of a 9-man All-Star fielding team.
1989 R. Whiting You gotta have Wa (1990) viii. 179 Shibata was skeptical of Smith's abilities as an outfielder, despite the numerous Gold Gloves Smith had won in the U.S.
2016 Denver Post (Nexis) 24 Sept. 5 b Two years ago, DJ LeMahieu was awarded a Gold Glove for his defense.
gold ground n. a surface or background of gold, esp. gold leaf, thread, or cloth, against which figures and other decorative elements are set; often (and in earliest use) attributive.
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1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iii. 112 His Wardrobe..With gold-ground Veluets.
1707 tr. Trav. Denmark & Some Parts Germany 1702 i. 24 A Couch..after the Turkish Mode, with Gold Ground Work.
1885 J. L. Bevir Visitor's Guide Siena & San Gimignano viii. 162 Virgin with the Child to her breast, on a gold ground.
1954 J. L. Allen & E. E. Gardner Conc. Catal. European Paintings Metrop. Mus. Art 24/1 Saint Lucy Giving Alms. Tempera on wood, gold ground.
2013 Daily Tel. 19 Mar. 26/1 Over half the Italian gold-ground paintings on the Moretti gallery's stand were acquired privately.
† gold hatband n. Obsolete slang a titled undergraduate at a university (esp. Oxford or Cambridge).Probably so called because such students were distinguished by wearing a gold-coloured hatband. Cf. tuft n. 7b.
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society > society and the community > social class > nobility > [noun] > noble person or man > academic
gold hatband1628
nobleman1682
gold tasseller1846
1628 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. xxiv. sig. E8v His companion is ordinarily some stale fellow, that ha's beene notorious for an Ingle to gold hatbands.
1889 Gentleman's Mag. June 598 Noblemen at the universities, since known as ‘tufts’ because of the gold tuft or tassle to their cap, were then known as ‘gold hat-bands’.
gold-head adj. that has a gold top; gold-headed.
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1608 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 61 Gold-head darts.
1724 Daily Courant 15 Apr. 1/2 (advt.) Dropt.., between young Man's Coffee-House and the Rummer Tavern Charing-Cross, a Gold Head Cane.
1867 J. M'Kerrow Hist. Foreign Missions Presbyterian Church 386 He was supposed to need cushion, gold-head stick, umbrella carriers,..and other attendants.
2006 E. Peirce Quabbin Valley i. 24 He had the distinguished honor of holding two gold-head canes [awarded for longevity].
† gold-heart adj. Obsolete rare (poetic) having a gold or gold-coloured heart or centre; also figurative.
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1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. IV 6 Maidens' feet Brushing the gold-heart lilies.
1895 E. Nesbit Pomander Verse 67 She met me, eager to divine What gold-heart bud of hope was mine.
gold-hearted adj. (a) having a gold-coloured heart or centre; (figurative in quot. 1821); (b) (of a person) that has a heart of gold; noble, kind (cf. heart of gold at Phrases 2).
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1821 J. H. Reynolds Garden of Florence & Other Poems 114 Farewell to our delights! Love,—we are parted! Come with thy silvery nights, Autumn, gold-hearted!
1861 X. D. Macleod Our Lady of Litanies 113 Only the large pale violet..bloomed here, and..the crimson and gold-hearted rock rose.
1904 Collier's 30 July 20/3 His beloved life-companion—the homely.., gold-hearted ‘Tante Sanna’.
1936 K. Boyle Death of Man ix. 84 The dim gold-hearted radiance the small lamp shed.
2002 Hudson Rev. 55 128 The brusque but gold-hearted proprietor and his motherly wife.
† gold-hewn adj. Obsolete ornamented or decorated with gold; = gold-beaten adj.
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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [adjective] > gilded
gildedOE
giltc1330
ygilt1340
gilteda1400
gold-hewna1400
gold-beatenc1400
gold-beata1413
overgilta1425
parcel-gilt1453
party-gilt1469
begilded1594
inaurated1623
parcela1625
begilta1637
water-gilt1707
inaurate1855
a1400 Siege Jerusalem (Laud) (1932) l. 755 Þe gold hewen helme haspeþ he blyue.
c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1642 The sheldes brighte, testers, and trappures Goldhewen helmes, hauberkes.
† gold house n. Obsolete a place where gold is stored; a treasury.
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society > trade and finance > money > place for keeping money > treasury > [noun]
treasuryc1290
coffer1377
treasure1426
hoard-housec1440
treasure-house1486
thesaurhouse1488
thesaurer house1489
thesaurary house1495
gold housea1500
thesaurary1592
reconditory1633
thesaurya1639
thesaurus1823
chancery1842
trove1976
a1500 Seven Sages (Cambr.) (1933) l. 1021 The kyng to hys golde hows toke hys way.
1809 tr. A. L. J. de Laborde View of Spain II. 44 [At] the entrance of the harbour..stand the Custom-house and the Gold-house, in which the gold and silver coming from the Indies were deposited.
1905 Macmillan's Mag. May 206/1 In the dark recesses of spreading tamarind trees stood the great treasury, or gold-house, strongly guarded and fortified.
gold-hunger n. intense desire for gold; cf. gold fever n., gold mania n.
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the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > desire for specific things > [noun] > for gold
gold thirst1615
gold-hunger1652
1652 H. L'Estrange Americans No Iewes 64 Being still whetted and sharpned on with Gold-hunger, their sword devoured many Myriades of the Americans.
1872 Pall Mall Gaz. 5 Mar. 10/2 The gold-hunger in the faces of the pair, the reflection of the glittering dross lighting the dull eyes.
1950 Mnemosyne 3 317 Seneca inveighs against the gold-hunger of many persons. What, he asks, induces people to plunge into the inside of the earth in order to dig gold.
2014 Guardian (Nexis) 22 Feb. 16 A potent illustration of just how far the vortex of Viking gold-hunger could reach.
Gold Key n. now historical a golden key as the symbol of the office of Groom of the Stole in a royal household; (hence) the office or title itself.Occasionally with lower-case initials.Cf. groom of the stole n. at stole n.2 1; the office was discontinued in the 19th cent.
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society > authority > office > holder of office > official of royal or great household > [noun] > members of chamberlain's department > position of
Gold Key1671
stole1911
1671 J. Crowne Juliana iii. 26 Till I requite the kindness of the King upon his Daughter, for opposing me in all the Offices of State, I stood candidate for, Great Seal, Gold Key.
1761 Duke of Newcastle Let. 13 Mar. in W. E. Manners Some Acct. Life J. Manners, Marquis of Granby (1899) 196 Lord Bute told me the King wished to give the Gold Key to the Duke of Rutland and the Staff to my Lord Talbot.
1876 Encycl. Brit. IV. 517/2 He received the appointment of groom of the stole [to the Prince of Wales], somewhat to the dissatisfaction of the old king, George II, who gave him the gold key of office in an ungracious way.
1963 Eng. Hist. Rev. 78 687 (note) Before 1782, the Gold key does appear to have figured on occasion as a ‘political’ office.
2002 O. Field Favourite viii. 288 [Lord Dartmouth said] that, when Marlborough had come for her Gold Key, Sarah had torn it from her skirts and hurled it violently to the floor.
gold licence n. chiefly Australian, New Zealand, and Canadian (now historical) a permit allowing the holder to prospect or dig for gold; cf. miner's right n. at miner n.1 Compounds 1.
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1851 Bell's Life in Sydney 24 May Gold license... The bearer having paid to me the sum of one pound ten shillings..I hereby License him to dig, search for, and remove Gold.
1934 N.Y. Times 26 Apr. 37 An extension of the authority for the issuances of gold licenses under the act of 1934 was issued today.
2002 Notes & Rec. Royal Soc. 56 362 There was a gold rush going on at the time, and Herschel became Commissioner for the issuing of gold licences.
gold lip n. a (variety of) very large pearl oyster having a golden lip to the shell, Pinctada maxima (also attributive, as gold-lip shell, gold-lip oyster, etc.); (also) the shell of such an oyster, used as currency in parts of Melanesia.Cf. black-lip adj. and n., silver-lip n. at silver n. and adj. Compounds 2a.The lip colour of P. maxima ranges from gold to silvery-white and is dependent on such factors as water temperature and the presence of certain sediments and plankton.
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1893 Rep. 4th Meeting Australasian Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 1892 615 Pearl shell is found there... Some of it, the ‘black lip,’ is good, but not of the best kind, while the ‘gold lip’ is of good quality.
1901 Proc. Gen. Meetings Zool. Soc. 377 Margaritifera maxima... The large white Mother-of-Pearl shell of Australian, Papuan, and Malayan waters, ‘Silver-lip’, ‘Gold-lip’, &c.
1931 Phillipine Jrnl. Sci. 45 325 Spherical shell beads..were introduced into the soft parts between the mantle flaps of 2-year-old gold-lip oysters.
1958 P. Hallard Coral Reef Castaway iv. 57 (caption) His hand closed over the Gold Lip and he tried to lift it.
2004 Human Ecol. 32 146 Successful men... are described as having six to ten female pigs, two or three gold-lip shells (mamaku), and several wives.
gold mania n. a strong urge or desire to search for gold, esp. in newly-discovered goldfields; = gold fever n.
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1821 Eclectic Rev. 16 Gen. Index sig. A4/1 Pernicious effect of the gold mania.
1903 Union-Castle Atlas of S. Afr. 7/1 Discovery after discovery of the precious metal in various parts of the country [sc. South Africa] gave rise to a gold mania.
2008 J. L. Bryan More Zeal than Discretion vi. 77 The gold mania swept him away to California, where his fortunes waxed and waned.
† gold maslin n. [compare Old High German goldmessinc] Obsolete brass; cf. maslin n.1 1.In quot. OE translating post-classical Latin aurichalcum (see orichalcum n. and discussion at that entry).
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society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > alloy > [noun] > brass
oreeOE
brassc1000
gold maslinOE
OE Ælfric Gloss. (Julius) 319 Auricalcum, goldmæslinc [OE St. John's Oxf. glodmæstligc, c1225 Worcester goldmestling].
c1535 Ploughman's Tale i. sig. A.iv Styroppes gaye of golde mastlyng.
gold master n. (a) a master disc in which data, audio, etc., is recorded on a layer of gold; cf. master n.1 10; (b) (in the development of a piece of software) a version of that is considered ready for general release; = golden master n. at golden adj. and n. Compounds 2a.Gold is often used in master discs because it degrades less over time than many other materials.
ΚΠ
1986 C. Warren Optical Storage shines over Horizon 2 in Proc. 23rd Space Congr. The data which is mastered from video tape is written with a laser beam onto a ‘gold’ master.
1992 Mac 7.1 and Japanese Script in sci.lang.japan (Usenet newsgroup) 6 Nov. The October 1992 Developer CD-ROM contains..many, many script systems that work with both, including the gold master version of the Japanese system.
1999 S. Cartwright & G. P. Cartwright Designing & Producing Media-based Training iii. 74 CD-Rs create a ‘gold master’ or copy of the original source material.
2009 R. Newman Cinematic Game Secrets iv. 52 This is usually not a terribly long process (unless you've rushed to the Gold Master because of an unreasonable milestone schedule).
gold medal n. a medal made of gold or a gold alloy, given as a reward or prize for some achievement; spec. (in later use) such a medal awarded for first place in a competition, race, or sporting event, esp. in the Olympic Games.Now generally the highest of a set of three medals, the others being silver for second place, and bronze for third.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > [noun] > winning or win > awards and prizes
garland?a1513
plate1639
cupc1640
dog plate1686
gold medal1694
gold cup1718
sweepstake1773
trophy1822
bronze medal1852
shield1868
statuette1875
pot1885
team honours1895
letter1897
silver medal1908
school colour1913
gold1945
bronze1960
silver1960
Fed Cup1965
the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > token of victory or supreme excellence > [noun] > award for merit > decoration > medal > specific
gold medal1694
Albert medal1850
bronze medal1852
silver medal1908
B.E.M.1941
gold1945
1694 E. Phillips tr. J. Milton Lett. of State p. v He Composed an In Nomine of Forty Parts: for which he was rewarded with a Gold Medal and Chain by a Polish Prince.
1751 G. Berkeley Let. 22 Nov. in Wks. (1871) IV. 329 Gold medals for encouraging the study of Greek.
1820 Morning Chron. 20 June 3 Francis Colombine Daniel,..who invented the Life Preserver in case of shipwreck, and who has been honoured with the gold medal from the Society of Arts.
1888 Wildwood's Mag. Sept. 210/1 Union Gymnastic Championships... A valuable gold medal..was awarded to the winner, a silver medal to the second man [etc.].
1905 C. J. P. Lucas Olympic Games 13 At the three modern revivals of the [Olympic] games..besides the laurel wreaths of victory, every winning athlete was awarded a gold medal, and to the athletes who won second and third places in every event, silver and bronze medals were awarded.
1975 Plain Dealer (Cleveland, Ohio) 23 Mar. 2-C/2 Rademacher..won a gold medal in the 1956 Olympic Games for boxing.
2016 Straits Times (Singapore) (Nexis) 14 Sept. Malaysia and Thailand have so far won three gold medals each at the Paralympics.
gold mill n. a mill for extracting gold, esp. one in which gold ore is crushed; also figurative.
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society > occupation and work > workplace > places for working with specific materials > place for working with metal > [noun] > for crushing ore
bing-place1653
gold mill1683
stamp-house1693
bing-stead1747
society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for treating ores > [noun] > for crushing ore > for gold
gold mill1683
head1758
1683 J. Pettus tr. L. Ercker ii. iv. 118 in Fleta Minor i The building up of the Gold-Mill [Ger. Goltmühlen].
1779 L. Charlton Hist. Whitby ii. 234 Nothing to me appears so extraordinary as the building a gold mill..where Rigg-mill now stands.
1881 R. L. Stevenson Virginibus Puerisque 127 [People who cannot be idle] pass those hours in a sort of coma, which are not dedicated to furious moiling in the gold-mill.
1915 Salt Lake Mining Rev. 15 Nov. 28/1 It is reported that the Gold Ore Mining Company..will install a gold mill.
2017 Basic Materials & Resources Monitor Worldwide (Nexis) 2 Mar. The equipment will see the establishment of a gold mill to ensure that the cooperative recovers nearly 100 percent of the gold from the ore.
gold mint n. now chiefly historical a mint where gold coins are struck.
ΚΠ
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 226/1 Goldemynt.
1737 J. Campbell tr. J. Dumont Mil. Hist. Prince of Savoy & Duke of Marlborough III. 29 There is here [sc. Segovia] a strong Castle and a Gold Mint, the only one in Spain, except that of Seville.
1930 Y. Takekoshi Econ. Aspects Hist. Civilization Japan III. lxiv. 33 The Goto family, in charge of the Shogunate's Gold Mint, was strict in examining coins that were paid in for taxes.
2013 New Indian Express (Nexis) 29 May The gold mint was under one ‘Amajashetty’. These coins..were in circulation in the area.
gold-mouthed adj. designating a person whose speech is exceptionally eloquent or persuasive.Chiefly with reference to St John Chrysostom (c347–407): see golden-mouthed adj. at golden adj. and n. Compounds 2a.
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the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > [adjective] > having pleasing speech or eloquent
well-speakingOE
renablec1300
fair-speakinga1398
well-tonguedc1480
honey-mouthed1539
golden-mouthed1542
sweet-mouthed1542
fine-mouthed?1549
silver-tongued1592
silver1594
gold-mouthed1595
honey-tongued1595
nectar-tongued1596
tongue-gilt1608
feather-tongueda1618
chrysostomatical1623
dulciloquent1656
sweet-spoken1716
sweet-lipped1783
chrysostomic1816
smooth-spoken1821
superfluent1822
honey-lipped1833
nice spoken1852
articulate1892
1595 W. Lisle tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Babilon 52 He of pleaders Arts The Law, Demosthenes; gold-mouthed, king of harts.
1873 Kansas Mag. Mar. 239/2 ‘There is no power,’ writes the gold-mouthed doctor [sc. St John Chrysostom], ‘that does not come from God.’
1951 K. K. Keshishian Romantic Cyprus (ed. 4) 148 He is known as one of the outstanding ecclesiastical figures of early church history and won the surname of Chrysostomos ‘gold-mouthed’..because of his singular eloquence.
gold note n. now historical a United States government banknote redeemable in gold coin; = gold certificate n. (a).
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1858 Bankers' Mag. Sept. 164 For the Government to receive this gold at its treasuries in exchange for certificates of deposit in the shape of bank notes, or gold notes, payable in coin in demand.
1874 Harper's New Monthly Mag. May 879/1 In San Francisco you can exchange your greenbacks for gold notes, which are more convenient than coin.
1902 Financier 7 Apr. 1261//2 As there were only nine Gold banks organized in California and none elsewhere, the average issue of gold notes was $385,027.
2009 G. S. Cuhaj & W. Brandimore Standard Catalog U.S. Paper Money (ed. 28) 17 With their bright orange back designs (though some early gold notes are uniface), the large size Gold Certificates issued from 1865 through 1928 are a popular and tangible reminder of the days when U.S. paper currency was ‘as good as gold’.
gold orange n. any of a number of synthetic dyes of a golden orange colour; esp. = methyl orange n. at methyl n. Compounds 3.
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1880 Textile Colorist 2 183/2 Gold orange (Orange III., Tropæoline D, Helianthine), a derivative of dimethylaniline.
1974 Amer. Biol. Teacher 36 416/2 Bathe for 2 minutes in a bath composed of clove oil saturated with a mixture of 9 parts Orange II (gold orange or tropaeolin OOO No. 2) and 1 part 1% fast green FCF [= for coloring food] in 100% alcohol.
2013 Jrnl. Industr. & Engin. Chem. 19 1433/2 Methyl Orange..is also known as.., Helianthine B, Orange III, Gold orange and Tropaeolin D. This dye is an azo dye.
gold pan n. a shallow bowl in which gold is separated from gravel and mud by agitation and washing; = pan n.1 2c.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for treating ores > [noun] > for washing ore > for gold
scour1619
rocker1828
cradle1833
pan1835
Long Tom1839
Tom1839
wash-bowl1848
gold washer1849
sluice1851
wash-pan1851
tub1853
gold pan1854
mining pan1858
pan mill1869
Tommy1892
1854 'O. J. E.' Let. 17 Oct. in Dollar Newspaper (1855) 3 Jan. Cooking utensils consist of camp kettle and frying-pan, which together with pick, shovel and gold pan forms a miner's outfit.
1875 J. Miller First Fam'lies Sierras i. 9 Men were grandly honest there. They invariably left gold in their gold-pans from day to day open in the claim.
1901 S. E. White Claim Jumpers ii. 27 He and Davidson climbed down shafts,..and worked the gold pan.
2017 National Post (Canada) (Nexis) 8 Mar. a3 The standard image of Yukon mining is a single prospector with a gold pan.
gold panner n. originally U.S. a person who pans for gold; = panner n. 1.Earliest in the name of a company engaged in gold panning.
ΚΠ
1899 Manitoba Free Press 28 Oct. 7/2 The Gold Panner Mining company sent a gang of men out to their Sturgeon Lake property.
1921 Baldur (Manitoba) Gaz. 12 May An expert placer gold driller from California, and an experienced gold panner have been engaged for the season.
1997 San Diego Union-Tribune (Electronic ed.) 29 Aug. e14 He rode horseback into the state of Minas Geiras.., negotiating with wildcat miners and gold panners.
2016 New Zimbabwe (Nexis) 28 Nov. 95 percent of women in gold mining are in the small scale sector, with 55 percent of them being illegal gold panners.
gold panning n. the action or process of washing gold-bearing gravel, sand, etc., in a pan, in order to separate the gold; = panning n.1 2a.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > mining > [noun] > washing or streaming > for gold
gold washing1683
panning1838
pan-washing1850
rocking1850
ground-sluicing1857
gold panning1882
wash-up1890
blacksanding1906
1882 A. G. Lock Gold 28 (caption) Gold-panning in West Africa.
1915 Engin. & Mining Jrnl. 11 Dec. 981/1 The student may practice gold panning in his backyard by means of a wash-tub.
1964 Dominion (Wellington) 6 Mar. 77 The Westland District Progress League may soon own its own gold-panning claim to be worked as a tourist attraction.
2018 Central Western Daily (Austral.) (Nexis) 8 Feb. 10 I remember coming to Bathurst as a school kid and going gold panning..thinking we would find a magnificent nugget and be rich.
gold paper n. gold beaten into a thin sheet; = gold foil n.In some examples perhaps just: gold-coloured paper.
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1420–1 in V. Harding & L. Wright London Bridge: Sel. Accts. (1995) 84 [For 20 dozen..] Goldpaper.
1463 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 34 An ymage of oure lady in gold papyr.
1545 Rates Custome House sig. biijv Golde papers the groce ii.s.
1774 Catal. Fine Coll. Bks. (J. Robson) 215 This Collection..[of engravings] consists of near two thousand Impressions, neatly framed round with gold paper.
1814 J. Austen Mansfield Park I. ii. 25 Making artificial flowers or wasting gold paper.
1995 Metrop. Mus. Art Bull. 53 72 (caption) Silk, gold paper, and gold-wrapped silk embroidery on silk satin damask.
gold pass n. a permit which allows the holder privileged access to something, esp. free travel on public transport; spec. (Australian) a free travel pass awarded to long-serving politicians (often as life gold pass).
ΚΠ
1880 Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Daily Sentinel 17 Aug. 5/2 The general manager, who has the freedom of all lines, wears a gold pass on his watch chain.
1969 Labour Hist. No. 16 39 Scott Bennett believed that the best service he could do for Victorians was to use his gold pass to tour the country districts educating people on socialism.
1997 C. Higson et al. Fast Show: Ser. 3 (BBC TV script for Darlington filming 27 July–10 Aug.) (O.E.D. Archive) 14 There's a club in this town..and I am a privileged member. I have a gold pass... The doors are open to me.
2010 L. Oakes On Rec. iii. 313 Promotion leads to fast-tracking. A prime minister gets a life gold pass after only one year. A minister or opposition leader is eligible after six.
gold penny n. historical a gold coin, issued in 1257, of the value of 20 shillings.The coins were withdrawn since the amount of gold they contained was worth more than their face value (see quot. 1700).
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > English coins > [noun] > coin of twenty shillings
goldfinch1602
Harry sovereign1615
piece1631
jingle-boya1640
yellow boy1654
quid1661
marigold1663
broad-piece1678
pound piecea1715
gold penny1736
sovereign1817
dragon1827
sov1829
chip?1836
couter1846
thick 'un1848
monarch1851
James1858
skiv1858
Victoria1870
goblin1887
red one1890
Jimmy1899
quidlet1902
Jimmy O'Goblin1931
pound coin1931
1700 J. Tyrrell Gen. Hist. Eng. II. viii. 975* This Year [1257] (according to the MS Chronicle of the city of London) the King Coined a Penny of Pure Gold of the Weight of Two Sterlings, and commanded that it should go for Twenty Shillings.]
1736 M. Folkes Table Eng. Gold Coins 215 Henry III's gold penny is singular, as are all that are engraved of Edward III's before his 27th year.
1876 G. D. Mathews Coinages of World 145 In 1257 A.D., the first coinage of English gold..took place; the King..issuing a gold Penny..ordering that it should be current for Twenty Pennies.
1997 Speculum 72 449 Although Henry had 52,480 gold pennies minted and ordered that they be used throughout the realm, they failed as a coinage.
2017 Express (Nexis) 17 Dec. The latest [rare coin]..to go to auction is tipped to sell for half a million pounds. The rare gold penny, which features a portrait of King Henry III, is one of just eight in the world.
gold piece n. a gold coin.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > [noun] > (a) gold coin
golds1478
gold coin1533
ruddock1567
red one1568
goldingc1580
pestle of a portigue1598
gold piece1606
yellowhammera1627
yellow boy1654
spanker1663
ridge1667
gold drop1701
spank1725
glistener1818
money-gold1841
canary1851
1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 143 Huge heapes of coyned gold peeces, spred here and there in a most large and open place.
1785 Scots Mag. Mar. 151/1 An earthen pot, containing a number of English, Scotch, and French, coins. Eight of them are gold pieces, in excellent preservation.
1889 F. M. Crawford Greifenstein II. xx. 280 Rex took out his purse and gave him a gold piece.
1935 J. Lindsay Runaway 214 Brennos produced five gold pieces... The man stared at them with greedy eyes.
1972 G. M. Brown Greenvoe (1976) v. 202 [He] bought the island for ten thousand gold pieces in the year of the potato famine.
2011 N. S. Berman & R. Guth Coin Collecting for Dummies iii. x. 126 Creating an opportunity for con men to gold-plate the coins and pass them off as $5 gold pieces.
gold point n. now historical the point in the value of exchange rates under the gold standard at which it becomes profitable to ship gold from one country to another; usually in plural, as gold points (see quot. 1925).
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > value of money > [noun] > relative value of different currencies > limits of fluctuation
gold point1882
society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [noun] > money-changing > rate of exchange > rate advisable for export
specie point1861
gold point1882
1882 Peel (Isle of Man) City Guardian 2 Dec. The New York exchange has kept hovering at only a little above the gold point.
1925 S. E. Thomas Elem. Econ. xxix. 461 The rates at which one currency will exchange for another fluctuate between two limits on each side of the Mint Par, marking the points at which it becomes more profitable to send or to receive gold rather than to send or receive a credit instrument. These theoretical limits are known as the gold points.
1930 J. M. Keynes Treat. Money II. 320 The degree of separation of the gold points is a vital factor in the problem of managing a country's currency.
2016 Financial Express (Bangladesh) (Nexis) 29 Aug. Western foreign exchange transactions took place within the narrow margins of the gold points.
gold powder n. (a) gold in the form of or reduced to powder, used esp. for gilding and decorating; †(b) any of various (supposedly) medicinal powders, typically containing gold or gold salts (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [noun] > gilding > gold-powder
gold powder1608
brocade1869
1608 A. Willet Hexapla in Exodum xxxii. 751 For Moses..to have sprinkled a little of the gold powder [sc. from the golden calf]..where hee tooke up the water to drinke.
1696 G. Harvey Treat. Small-pox & Measles (new ed.) xxi. 178 If any body pleaseth to add gold Powder, that is, filed very fine, or rather leaf gold, the medicine would be render'd more precious.
1744 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1861) II. 250 Your letter..I believe drove away my headache..: every testimony of your love and friendship is better to me than gold-powder or sal volatile.
1755 G. Wirgman tr. L. Heister Med., Chirurg., & Anat. Cases & Observ. 16 The doctor ordered the following powder, being a species of the Zell gold powder.
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 612 The mechanical mode [of gilding] is the application of gold leaf or gold powder to various surfaces.
1907 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 30 Nov. 1862/2 At one time Keeley sent gold powders in place of the gold pills.
1962 E. Bruton Dict. Clocks & Watches (1963) 80 Fire gilding..was done by mixing gold powder with mercury to make a paste like butter which was brushed on.
2016 Business Line (Nexis) 22 Aug. The ink is inspired by illustrations in Medieval books where craftsmen would use golden leaves and gold powder to create gilded inscriptions.
† gold-proof adj. Obsolete able to resist being bribed or tempted by gold; impervious to gold.
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1619 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Maides Trag. v. sig. K4 Art thou gold proofe? theres for thee.
1730 H. Fielding Coffee-House Politician iii. i. 38 If the Woman be not Gold-Proof, she will be bribed to swear against you.
1842 Asiatic Jrnl. & Monthly Reg. 38 ii. 14 The Khyberies are gold proof... They said.., ‘It is a religious war, and gold will not buy our religion.’
gold prospector n. a person who prospects for gold.
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1850 J. Frost Hist. State of Calif. xv. 262 The entire region..is known to abound in the precious metal, and is traversed by the gold ‘prospectors’.
1939 P. White Let. 30 June (1994) i. 18 As well as cow-punching, he has worked as a cook in a restaurant, a gold prospector in Arizona, and bouncer in a Nevada gambling saloon.
2004 Times Lit. Suppl. 16 July 3/3 The gold prospectors drawn to the great mine were adventurers, opportunists, fortune-hunters.
gold prospecting n. the action or practice of exploring a region in search of gold deposits; the action of prospecting for gold.
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1853 Austral. & N.Z. Gaz. 2 July 620/2 Gold Prospecting.—A letter from Mr. Robert Meston..states that he..will be willing..to proceed to McIntyre Brook, and make a diligent search for gold in that neighbourhood.
1888 E. P. Mathers Golden S. Afr. 291 I had some little practical knowledge about gold prospecting, besides what I had gained out of books, which enabled me to form my opinion of the Rand.
1912 Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv. No. 503. 85 Special gold prospecting claims up to an area of 640 acres continued to be allowed under miners' rights.
2013 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 26 Aug. a14/1 He has been accused of land snatching and gold prospecting... He sets out trying to persuade farmers to sign away the subterranean rights to their property.
gold purple n. [after German Goldpurpur (1782 in the passage translated in quot. 1797)] now chiefly historical a purple pigment consisting of a colloidal mixture of metallic gold and tin( iv) oxide; = purple of Cassius n. at purple n. 4.
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1797 W. Johnston tr. J. Beckmann Hist. Inventions & Discov. I. 201 This substance, which must be mixed with the best frit, is called the precipitate, or gold-calx, of Cassius, gold-purple [Ger. Goldpurpur], or mineral-purple.
1849 J. Weale Rudim. Dict. Terms Archit. ii. 208/1 Gold purple, or Cassius's purple precipitate, the compound oxide which is precipitated upon mixing the solutions of gold and tin.
1992 Stud. Conservation 37 145/1 Gold purple, also known as ‘purple of Cassius’, a precipitate of gold chloride.
† gold-quarrel n. Obsolete rare a gold mine (see quarrel n.3).
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?a1500 Nominale (Yale Beinecke 594) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 798/11 Hec aurifodina, a goldquarelle.
gold quartz n. quartz containing gold.
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the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > quartz > other quartzes
sinople1794
white acre1796
iron flint1804
siderite1808
gold quartz1850
hyalomicte1853
sapphire quartz1868
cotterite1877
coesite1954
capped quartz-
1850 Sun (Baltimore) 12 Feb. 4/2 He clearly shows from the specimens of gold quartz, gold dust and native gold brought with him that the latter is merely the residue of the quartz.
1872 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 259 Several small gold-quartz mills worked successfully.
1908 Chambers's Jrnl. Sept. 637/1 The discovery of some very rich gold-quartz veins.
1999 I. Kostov & R. I. Kostov Crystal Habits Minerals vi. 134 For arsenopyrite from three different ore deposits (gold-quartz, rare-metals and gold-silver types)..formulae have been calculated.
gold reef n. a vein or bed of gold-bearing rock; cf. reef n.2 2a.
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1859 Rep. Church Soc. Diocese Sydney 1858 38 Since the discovery of the Gold Reef in this District its social condition has been greatly disturbed.
1914 Geogr. Jrnl. 43 529 It was not until a show of force was made, coupled with a promise not to visit the gold reef, that Pritchard finally found sufficient carriers to take him northwards.
2017 Chronicle (Zimbabwe) (Nexis) 30 Apr. The most affected area is the yard of the mine's garage manager,..where a gold reef was found recently, sparking a gold rush.
gold reserve n. a quantity of gold held by a central bank to support the issue of currency (cf. reserve n. 2c(a)).
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society > trade and finance > money > funds or pecuniary resources > [noun] > gold-reserve
gold reserve1850
1850 Morning Post (London) 16 Dec. 4/4 The gold reserve which it [sc. the Bank of England] has now in its hands would be speedily diminished.
1925 Scribner's Mag. July 55/2 It is absolutely necessary to maintain the present gold reserve.
1987 Washington Post (Nexis) 17 Feb. (Final ed.) a15/2 The Mint purchases gold on the open market in quantities sufficient to replace that taken from the country's gold reserves, at Fort Knox, Ky., and West Point, N.Y.
2014 J. Rickards Death of Money v. 137 This combination of large, liquid bond markets, a sound currency, and huge gold reserves may enable the euro to displace the dollar as the world's leading reserve currency by 2025.
gold salt n. a salt or other ionic compound of gold; (Medicine) such a compound used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune disorders.Salts used medicinally include sodium aurothiomalate and sodium aurothiosulphate.
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the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > preparations treating or preventing specific ailments > [noun] > for lupus
gold salt1846
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > salts > [noun] > salts named by atomic number > other salts
salt of antimony1670
tungstate1800
aluminate1814
boletate1815
sylvate1836
ulmate1836
rhodizonate1838
stannate1839
opianate1845
gold salt1846
pentathionate1848
tetrathionate1848
stannite1851
taurocholate1857
brassate1863
otavite1906
adenylate1925
perrhenate1929
pertechnetate1949
pertechnate1951
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > preparations treating or preventing specific ailments > [noun] > for arthritis, rheumatism, or gout > mineral-derived
gold salt1846
fango1900
Myocrisin1934
1846 Med. Times May 92/3 These different products show that, independently of the gold salt and of the chloride of sodium, there exists in these liquids a bisulphated hyposulphate of soda.
1907 G. S. Newth Text-bk. Inorg. Chem. (ed. 12) iii. v. 568 Most metals, when placed in a solution of a gold salt, precipitate the gold.
1934 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 24 Feb. 350/2 The gold salts employed by him were aurothiopropanol sulphonate of sodium, thiosulphate of gold and sodium, thiomalate of gold and sodium, aurothioglucose, and aurothioglycolate of calcium.
1970 Guardian 20 Feb. 6/7 People being treated with gold salt for rheumatoid arthritis have no cause for concern.
2000 Times 28 Dec. ii. 8/2 Gold salts are now recognised as being powerful, but—if misused—potentially toxic, anti-rheumatic drugs.
gold sand n. sand containing particles of gold; also figurative.
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the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > stony material > [noun] > sand > types of
sea-sandc1220
black sand1536
gold sand1578
quicksand1641
iron sand1681
crag1735
Bude sand1808
musical sand1858
sounding sand1884
singing sand1897
squeaking sand1966
1578 W. B. tr. Appian of Alexandria Aunc. Hist. Romanes Warres ii. 62 The inhabitants..gather the gold sand [Gk. ψῆγμα] that is conteyned.
1683 J. Pettus tr. L. Ercker ii. i. 101 in Fleta Minor i [A river] too small to inrich so many Gold-Mines with Gold-sand.
1741 D. Watson tr. Horace Odes Epodes & Carmen Seculare v. xv. 445/2 (note) In the time of Croesus, this River rolled from the Mountains a kind of Gold-Sand, which was the chief Cause of that King's immense Riches.
1873 E. J. Brennan Witch of Nemi 258 As the gold-sand of life disappears.
1905 Mining Jrnl. 27 May 571/3 Such immense gold-sand deposits right in the centre of the Sacramento Valley are puzzling to the oldest miners.
2016 Citizen (Tanzania) (Nexis) 2 Aug. Investors owned both the gold and gold sand found in the area.
† gold shell n. Obsolete a shell containing gold pigment prepared from ground or powdered gold, which may be mixed with a medium (typically gum water) for painting, writing, etc. (cf. shell n. 2e); (also) the gold so mixed; = shell-gold n. at shell n. Compounds 7.
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?1675 J. Seamer Arts Masterpiece 4 Pour a small quantity of Gum water into a Gold shell, and make the Gold liquid.
?1787 Artist's Repository & Drawing Mag. 3 48 Gold Shell..is made by grinding very finely gold leaves..with a little honey.
1889 Cent. Dict. (at cited word) Gold-shell..In the fine arts a shell coated on the inside with a thin layer of gold-paint, soluble in water.
gold size n. a size (size n.2 1a) laid on a surface on which gold leaf is to be applied.
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1606 H. Peacham Art of Drawing ii. ii. 48 It taketh awaie the bubbles that arise vpon your gold size, and other colors.
1842 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art 512/2 Gold size..is drying oil mixed with calcined red ochre.
1995 K. McCloud Techniques of Decorating (1998) 147/1 This varnish is used as the adhesive for metal leaf and metallic powders. It is sold as oil goldsize or Japan goldsize.
2002 Fine Woodworking Mar. 43 The gold size acts as a binder to make the pigment adhere to the finish when it dries.
† gold skin n. Obsolete (historical in later use) (usually in plural) the prepared outer membrane of the intestine of an ox; = gold-beater's skin n. at gold-beater n. 1b.The material was traditionally interleaved between pieces of gold that were to be beaten into gold leaf.
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1507 Bk. Rates 15 July in N. S. B. Gras Early Eng. Customs Syst. (1918) 698 Golde skynes the kyppe, xiii s. iiii d.
1522 Kingston-upon-Thames Chamberlains' Accts. in D. Lysons Environs of London (1792) I. 228 A dosyn of gold skynnes for the morres.
1669 Act for Setling of Excize 65 Skins called..Gold skins, the skin.
1708 T. Langham Neat Duties on All Merchandize 114 Gold skins, the skin.
1882 Antiquarian Mag. Dec. 302 [In the time of Henry VII] the honest merchant valued the goods..at the substantial sum of £2,000 for various cargoes of wines..with aniseed, foxes, tonies, goldskins, and other merchandise.
gold solder n. †(a) any of the minerals formerly called chrysocolla (see chrysocolla n. 1), esp. borax or (in later use) malachite (obsolete); (b) an alloy for soldering gold.
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society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > alloy > [noun] > solder > types of
gold solder1580
soft solder1594
spelter solder1671
silver solder1682
spelter1815
silver-soldering1843
pewter solder1850
Wood1860
strap solder1885
tinman's solder1937
1580 T. Newton Approoued Med. To Rdr. sig. A6 Gold Soder.
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 454 (margin) Chrysocolla, i. Gold-soder.
1768 E. Buys New & Compl. Dict. Terms Art I Chrysocolla, Gold-solder, a Mineral somewhat like Pumice stones, found in Copper-mines.
1819 A. Rees Cycl. XXXIII. at Solder For silver, two kinds of solder, viz. the hard and soft, are used and applied like the gold solder.
1917 Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. 52 619 Connections were made with gold solder to platinum by arcing in hydrogen.
2003 C. Dixon Hatrick et al. Dental Materials viii. 136/1 Silver solder is selected because it produces a stronger joint than gold solder.
† gold stroke n. Obsolete rare the rubbing of gold on a touchstone (touchstone n. 2a) in order to test it.
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1683 J. Pettus tr. L. Ercker ii. ix. 128 in Fleta Minor i That every Assayer may..so well order his Gold stroak [Ger. Goltstrich], that he may not be esteem'd as one without understanding.
gold therapy n. medical treatment with a gold salt or other compound of gold administered by injection or orally, used esp. for rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune disorders.Salts used for this purpose include sodium aurothiomalate and sodium aurothiosulphate.
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the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatment by medicine or drug > [noun] > treatment with specific substances
mercurialization1825
cinchonization1875
helleborism1883
cocainization1887
tuberculinization1892
gold therapy1894
strychninization1898
venomization1905
strychnization1916
heparinization1956
reserpinization1959
1894 Chicago Med. Recorder 6 221 Pamphlets Received. Gold Therapy. By E. A. Wood, M. D.
1994 Consumer's Guide Arthritis Medications (Arthritis Soc. Canada) 3/2 In inflammatory arthritis,..prednisone can provide interim control of inflammation while waiting for the slower-acting disease-modifying agents (gold therapy, methotrexate or anti-malarial drugs) to take effect.
2008 F. T. Fraunfelder et al. Clin. Ocular Toxicol. vii. 115/1 These [gold] deposits are reversible after stopping gold therapy but may take 3–12 months, and in some cases many years, to resolve.
gold thirst n. intense or ardent desire for gold (somewhat rare).
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the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > desire for specific things > [noun] > for gold
gold thirst1615
gold-hunger1652
1615 J. Sylvester tr. Hymne St. Lewis 22 in 2nd Session Parl. Vertues Reall A hart whose Gold-Thirst never sat is.
1844 Age & Argus 8 June 8/3 No woman or female child in Russia is worked into an untimely grave through the accursed gold-thirst of a millocrat.
1999 Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 31 Dec. b2/5 Wint..put Jamaica in contention for gold, which eventually came through..thanks to..McKenley who was quenching his gold thirst.
gold-thirsty adj. that desires gold intensely; greedy, avaricious.
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1555 W. Turner New Bk. Spirituall Physik f. 60v But howe ponysheth God, these golde thyrsty phesicians?
1640 E. Buckler Buckler against Fear of Death vi. sig. C3 Gold-thirsty misers swallow any crime That brings gain with it.
1849 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 12 Nov. Never was there such a gold thirsty race of men brought together.
2014 Belfast Tel. (Nexis) 9 Sept. 13 All this digging around the countryside here by gold-thirsty folk could spell trouble for the environment.
gold-washed adj. thinly plated with gold.
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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [adjective] > coated with gold > plated with gold
gold-washed1830
1830 Courier 21 Sept. She wore a blue silk small-sleeved frock; had gold-washed ear-rings set with green beetles.
1872 E. Eggleston End of World ix. 65 Pewter watch-seals, gold-washed.
1972 Code of Federal Regulations: 16: Commerc. Pract. (Office of Federal Register, U.S.) 224/2 When the coating or plating meets the minimum fineness, but not the minimum thickness,..the marking or description may be..‘Gold Washed’.
2016 Wired Dec. 68 This gold-washed brass bowl and matching spoon will look simply smashing next to your collection of artisanal loose teas.
gold web n. †(a) cloth of gold (obsolete); (b) sugar syrup worked into an ornamental web or basket, and used to decorate confectionery or sweet dishes (now rare).
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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > [noun] > interwoven with metallic thread
tissue?a1366
cypress14..
cloth of goldc1405
imperialc1435
gold webc1475
tinsel1523
cloth of silver1530
imperial clotha1553
tinsey1685
lama1818
lamé1922
kain songket1949
c1475 (a1400) Sir Amadace (Taylor) in J. Robson Three Early Eng. Metrical Romances (1842) 45 (MED) Thenne Sir Amadace he him cladde, And that was in a gold webbe.
1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper vii. 165 To spin a Gold Web for covering Sweet-Meats..when your Sugar is melted, it will be of a Gold Colour, take your Ladle off the Fire, and begin to Spin it with a Knife.
1849 J. M. Sanderson Cook & Confectioner 33 To make a Gold Web.—Boil syrup to caramel height, colouring it with saffron... It can be folded up to form bands or rings, &c.
1920 Hotel Monthly Mar. 92/2 For gold web boil sugar a little higher till it turns yellow.
1961 Analysis 21 116 The instructions for spinning the confection ‘Gold Web’.
C2. Compounds of the adjective.
a. Modifying other adjectives of colour, to form nouns and adjectives.See also gold orange n., gold purple n. at Compounds 1e.
gold-brown n. and adj.
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1784 J. Douglas Cook's Voy. Pacific II. iv. ii. 298 A white, or silver-coloured bream, and another of a gold-brown colour.
1793 J. Leslie tr. Comte de Buffon Nat. Hist. Birds VI. 26 [Feathers] of a shining gold-brown.
1881 O. Wilde Poems 154 Dame Jeannette had not that gold-brown hair.
1944 E. Blunden Shells by Stream 39 Coloured, like a country grange, Gold-browns and bluebell grays.
2016 Vancouver Province (Nexis) 24 Jan. b5 I rimmed her eyes with a gold-brown eye pencil.
gold-green n. and adj.
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a1666 R. Fanshawe tr. A. Hurtado de Mendoza Fiestas de Aranjuez 10 in tr. A. Hurtado de Mendoza Querer por solo Querer (1670) Her Habit a Mantle of Damask of Gold Green, trim'd with Gold and Silver.
1686 J. Shirley Illustrious Hist. Women 72 The Gold green stone, And chearful Emralds..were in full splendor seen.
1771 J. R. Forster tr. P. Kalm Trav. N. Amer. II. 126 A Cincindela, or shining beetle, with a gold-green head.
1830 Ld. Tennyson Recoll. Arab. Nights viii, in Poems 53 Flushed all the leaves with rich goldgreen.
1943 Long Beach (Calif.) Independent 22 Aug. 10/2 Pinks, mandarin purples and clear blues, as well as gold-greens and blacks, heightened with a contrasting colour, are used.
2011 Aberdeen Press & Jrnl. (Nexis) 13 Oct. 10 Use small brush to add a gold-green highlight under brow.
gold-red n. and adj.
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1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole iv. 36 The Martagon or Lilly of Macedonia with gold red flowers.
1659 R. Lovell Παμβοτανολογια 266 Red lillies. K. as the common, gold red, fiery red,..and small red.
1871 F. T. Palgrave Lyrical Poems 75 The gold-red apples.
1986 Poetry 149 19 October: the leaves, their interior pyrrhic gold-reds.
2013 Charleston (W. Va.) Gaz. (Nexis) 3 Aug. 5 c A tiny, happy tot spellbound by a yellow butterfly that danced around his silken, gold-red hair.
gold-yellow n. and adj.
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1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum xix. xxv. f. 394/1 (margin) The gold yeolow.
1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 31 b/2 With gouldeyellow strokes.
1665 J. Rea Flora 42 The flowers [of a lily] are many on one stalk, and wholly of a fine Gold-yellow colour.
1772 J. R. Forster tr. L.-A. de Bougainville Voy. round World 65 A tuft of gold-yellow feathers, which are shorter than those of the egret.
1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 5 Nov. 4/2 Gold-yellow silk stockings.
1940 H. M. Kremer-Priest tr. M. Minnaert Light & Color (1954) xii. 321 Between the gold-yellow of the clouds there appears here and there a patch of blue sky.
2006 Taranaki (N.Z.) Daily News (Nexis) 2 Dec. 33 (caption) A gold-yellow hue dresses the wall in the family kitchen room on the opposite side.
b. In names of plants (typically ones with yellow flowers).See also gold of pleasure at Phrases 3, gold-knop n., gold thread n. 2, etc.
goldballs n. now historical and rare any of several buttercups (genus Ranunculus).Now only in lists of alternative names for these plants.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > buttercup and allied flowers > buttercup
butterflower1527
kingcup1538
crow-flower1597
king-cob1597
gilt cup1610
pissabed1640
Goldilocks1650
craysec1652
buttercup1688
yellow cup1824
bulbous buttercup1844
goldballs1854
Meg-many-feet1878
clovewort1886
sitfast1901
1854 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. I. 33 The Buttercup has several old English names... Gold Cups and Gold Balls are names now almost forgotten.
1900 M. B. Flint Garden of Simples 252 The kingcups, embroidering the meadow grass..are our buttercups, sometimes called guilty (gilt) cups, goldcups and goldballs.
2007 L. S. Nelson et al. Handbk. Poisonous & Injurious Plants (ed. 2) 248 Ranunculus species... Common names: Bassinet, Blister Flower.., Goldballs.
gold basket n. U.S. (now rare) the yellow-flowered rock plant Aurinia saxatilis (see gold dust n. 2b); also called basket of gold.
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1834 L. Johnson Bot. Teacher N. Amer. 111 [Alyssum] saxatile.., Gold basket.
1890 Atchison (Kansas) Champion 2 Aug. 3/3 Then there is the handsome alyssum, or gold basket, resembling the brilliant wall flower, and like it a member of the cruciferæ or cabbage family.
1962 R. M. Carleton Index Common Names Herbaceous Plants 53/1 Gold Basket, Alyssum saxatile.
gold chain n. (a) a laburnum (also gold chain laburnum); = golden chain n. at golden adj. and n. Compounds 4a; (b) biting stonecrop, Sedum acre, which has yellow flowers (now historical and rare).
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the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > aquatic, marsh, and sea-shore plants > [noun] > sea-blite
stonecropc1000
shrub or tree stonecrop1713
sea-blite1762
gold chain1841
sea-goosefoot1856
sea-rosemary1866
Suaeda1901
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > laburnum > [noun]
laburnum1567
awber1684
Scotch laburnum1776
pea tree1822
golden chain1825
gold chain1841
false ebony1892
1841 J. Haydn Dict. Dates 295 Laburnum, a handsome and wide-spreading shrub, called also the Gold-chain and Cytisus Laburnum, brought to these countries from Hungary, Austria, &c. about a.d. 1596.
1846 A. Pratt Wild Flowers of Year 123 It [sc. Sedum acre] has also the old familiar names of gold dust, and gold chain.
1904 E. Step Wayside & Woodland Trees 149 It [sc. the Locust] is also known as Silver Chain, in contradistinction to the Gold Chain or Laburnum.
1985 J. Addison Illustr. Plant Lore 21 Country names for the plant [sc. Sedum acre] include wall pepper, wall ginger, prick madam, gold chain and bird's bread.
2002 Abbotsford (Brit. Columbia) Times (Nexis) 21 June (Final ed.) (Community section) 26 Alaskan weeping cedars, gold chain laburnum and other more exotic trees shade two decks.
gold crap n. now historical and rare any of several buttercups (genus Ranunculus).In later use in lists of alternative names for these plants. [The identity of the second element is uncertain; compare crop n. 3a (and forms at that entry).]
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > buttercup and allied flowers > allied flowers
githa1382
nigellaa1398
gollana1400
pilewort?a1425
gold-knop1538
fig-wort1548
lucken gowan1548
melanthion1559
gold crap1571
bachelor's buttons1578
celandine1578
gold cup1578
Goldilocks1578
nigel1578
nigelweed1578
troll flower1578
peppergrass1587
golden cup1589
globe crowfoot1597
globeflower1597
winter aconite1597
kiss-me-twice-before-I-rise1664
devil-in-a-bush1722
globe ranunculus1731
turban1760
love-in-a-mist1787
love-in-a-puzzle1824
fair-grass1825
water buttercup1831
golden knobs1835
ficary1848
New Year's gift1856
bishop wort1863
fennel-flower1863
golden ball1875
1571 Dict. French & Eng. Des Bassinets, herbe, an herbe called crowfoote, golde crap, or yellow crawe.
1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Des Bassinets, an herbe called crowfoote, golde crap, or yelow crawe.
1920 W. E. Brenchley Weeds of Farm Land xiii. 221 Ranunculus acris, L...gilcup, gold crap, gold cup, gold knops, golden knobs, goldy knob.
1944 G. H. Copley Wild Flowers & Weeds xviii. 142 Alternative names [for creeping buttercup] are lantern-leaves, ram's claws, toad-tether, sitfast, gold-crap,..and bolt.
gold-seed n. (a) a variety of rice with a yellowish husk, grown in the southern United States (frequently attributive) (now historical); †(b) crested dogstail grass, Cynosurus cristatus, which has yellowish seeds (obsolete).
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1822 Amer. Farmer 11 Jan. 330/1 The gold-seed rice best suits our high lands, as that kind of seed is supposed to stand droughts more than the white rice.
1837 Penny Cycl. VIII. 253/2 Cynosurus Cristatus, a well-known pasture grass, called by farmers crested dogstail or gold-seed, exceedingly abundant in all natural and artificial grass land.
1855 J. C. Morton Cycl. Agric. I. 596/2 These grains [of Cynosurus Cristatus] commonly called seeds, being yellow, give rise to the provincial name of gold seed applied to the species.
1903 New Internat. Encycl. VII. 200/1 The seeds are small, shining and yellow, whence the name goldseed sometimes given to this grass by farmers.
1916 E. V. Wilcox Trop. Agric. x. 144 The chief varieties of rice grown in the United States are Goldseed, White rice, Japan rice, and Honduras rice.
2015 D. S. Shields Southern Provisions xii. 237 Gold seed yielded more per acre than the Piedmontese rice.
† gold-shrub n. Obsolete a shrub or small tree native to tropical America, Palicourea speciosa (family Rubiaceae), having showy yellow flowers.
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1824 H. E. Lloyd tr. J. B. von Spix & C. F. P. von Martius Trav. Brazil II. iii. ii. 95 The leaves of the Palicourea Speciosa, Humb., which by their yellow colour have obtained for the plant the name of Gold Shrub [Ger. Goldstrauches], are highly spoken of here as an antisyphiliticum.
1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 539/2 Gold-shrub, Palicourea speciosa.
1885 Cassell's Encycl. Dict. V. i. 357/2 P[alicourea] speciosa, the Gold-shrub of Brazil, is antisyphilitic.
c. In names of animals.
gold beetle n. [originally after German Goldkäfer (15th cent. as goltkefer ; 1719 in the passage translated in quot. 1731)] chiefly U.S. any of various beetles with a metallic, esp. golden, lustre; spec. those of the leaf beetle family Chrysomelidae.Cf. golden beetle n. at golden adj. and n. Compounds 3b.
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1731 G. Medley tr. P. Kolb Present State Cape Good-Hope II. 178 There is one Sort, which I may call Gold-Beetles; the Head and Wings being of a gold-Colour.
1868 Amer. Entomologist Aug. 250/1 Cassida pallida..(Gold-beetle; common on Morning-glory and Sweet Potato vines).
1928 H. Allen in E. A. Poe Gold Bug Foreword p. xxiii One of these, which doubtless first suggested the idea to Poe is the Callichroma, frequently spoken of as the gold-beetle.
2010 Appl. Optics 49 4562/2 In bright light, the gold beetle A[noplognathus] parvulus is shiny and conspicuous, but in diffuse light..it reflects its surroundings and..becomes invisible.
† gold-breasted trumpeter n. Obsolete the trumpeter Psophia crepitans of the Amazonian rainforest, with predominantly black plumage, grey wings, and iridescent blue-green feathers on the breast.
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1783 J. Latham Gen. Synopsis Birds II. ii. 793 Gold-breasted Trumpeter.
1858 A. M. Redfield Zoöl. Sci. 411 The Agami, or Gold-breasted Trumpeter, Psophia, (Gr. psopheo, to make a noise) crepitans, is an interesting bird, deriving its name from the peculiar noise which it makes without opening its bill.
1913 W. R. Benét Merchants from Cathay 15 A gold-breasted trumpeter squawked unbidden His battle-call through a gaping beak!
gold carp n. (originally) the goldfish, Carassius auratus; (in later use also) a variety of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio, with golden or orange scales.
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the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > superorder Ostariophysi or order Cypriniformes > [noun] > suborder Cyprinoidei > family Cyprinidae (minnows and carps) > carassius auratus (gold-fish)
goldfish1752
crucian1763
gold carp1765
crusoe1799
telescope-eye1848
telescope goldfish1880
shubunkin1917
lion-head1928
Oranda1928
1765 London Mag. Mar. 116/1 These Gold and Silver fish..are of the carp kind, and are distinguished from every other species of carp, by the name of the Gold carp.
1883 Official Catal. Internat. Fisheries Exhib. (ed. 4) 107 Crucian Carp, Gold Carp.
1983 Amer. Zoologist 23 996/2 Serum from the gold carp, Cyprinus carpio, induces some GEM-81 cells to melanize.
2014 Australian (Nexis) 8 Nov. 8 Nothing can take the shine off the architecture and the experience of gazing at twilight down the river, filled with giant gold carp.
goldeye n. a small freshwater Canadian fish with large golden eyes, Hiodon alosoides (family Hiodontidae); (in early use also more fully goldeye herring).
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1818 Amer. Monthly Mag. & Crit. Rev. 447 Glossodon chrysops. R. Gold-eye herring.
1836 R. King Narr. Journey Arctic Ocean II. 181 A solitary specimen of that singular and beautiful little fish, the hiodon chrysopsis, naccaysh or gold-eye, was hooked in the Slave River.
1979 Field & Stream June 75/1 The Manitoba government also encourages angling for the goldeye.
2017 Edmonton Sun (Nexis) 9 Sept. a. 60 The goldeye and mooneye went into a late-afternoon, mid-river feeding frenzy.
gold fringe n. (more fully gold fringe moth) now rare the gold triangle, Hypsopygia costalis (family Pyralidae), a small European moth having reddish-brown wings with golden-yellow edges and markings.
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the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Pyralidae > genus Pyralis > pyralis costalis
gold fringe1776
1776 W. Withering Bot. Arrangem. Veg. Great Brit. II. 588 Gold fringe Moth. Pea green Moth, Heart Moth.
1819 G. Samouelle Entomologist's Compend. 427 Pyralis costalis, the gold Fringe.
2013 D. W. Hagstrum et al. Atlas Stored-Product Insects & Mites ii. 71 Hypsopygia costalis (Fabricius 1775)..Common names: clover hayworm, clover webworm, gold fringe, gold triangle, gold fringe tabby, [etc.].
† gold head n. Obsolete (a) a marine fish found in coastal areas of Panama (not identified); (b) chiefly Irish English (northern) the common pochard, Aythya ferina, a Eurasian duck with a reddish head.
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the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Anseriformes (geese, etc.) > subfamily Merginae (duck) > [noun] > member of genus Aythya (miscellaneous) > aythya ferina (pochard)
pochard1552
dunbird1587
smeath1622
red-headed wigeon1668
smee1668
wigeon1668
gold head1704
dun cur1802
redhead1816
red-headed pochard1824
pochard duck1829
smee-duck1862
well plum1862
1704 Nat. Hist. iii, in L. Wafer New Voy. & Descr. Isthmus Amer. (ed. 2) 200 The Gold Head. Has blew streaks along the Sides; its found amongst the Rocks; and eats well.
1744 C. Smith Antient & Present State County Down xviii. 230 Called the Pochard, or red-headed Widgeon, and in this County..commonly the Gold Head.
1790 Mus. for Young Gentlemen & Ladies 96 Various other Fowl, such as Wild-geese.., Duck, Gold heads, Widgeon, Teal.
gold mole n. now rare a golden mole (family Chrysochloridae); also with distinguishing word.
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1828 tr. J. B. Wilbrand & F. F. A. Ritgen Picture Organized Nature 61 The Gold Mole is found at the Cape of Good Hope.
1936 Jrnl. Mammalogy 17 122 Chrysochloris hottentota.—Golden mole. Only one specimen of the red gold mole was collected.
1980 H. W. Mossman in Endometrium i. 16 Chrysochloridae (gold moles), Hracoidea (dassies), Orycteropus (aardvark).
gold pheasant n. the golden pheasant, Chrysolophus pictus.
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the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > [noun] > miscellaneous members
gold pheasant1765
white-eared1780
cheer1826
tragopan1829
koklass1864
tree-partridge1864
wood-quail1891
bush-quail1893
swamp quail1895
1765 Catal. Birds, Insects exhibiting at Spring-Gardens (new ed.) 9 The Hen Gold Pheasant.
1874 C. Darwin Descent of Man (ed. 2) xvi. 484 Some bird-fanciers..pull out a few feathers from the breast of nestling bullfinches, and from the head or neck of young gold-pheasants.
1923 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 9 50 A somewhat more extensive series of crosses between the gold pheasant and Lady Amherst pheasant.
2014 Evening Standard (Nexis) 20 Oct. Other Twitter users responded and suggested it was a gold pheasant, which originate from China.
gold robin n. chiefly U.S. regional (chiefly Pennsylvania) (now rare) the Baltimore oriole, Icterus galbula, the male of which has orange-yellow underparts.
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1833 Relig. Intelligencer June 16/1 The wren has chirped her note of glee, And the gold-robin sings in the poplar tree.
1872 J. G. Whittier Pennsylvania Pilgrim & Other Poems 436 The gold-robin cried A-swing upon his elm.
1969 Pennsylvania Game News June 14/1 For a brief moment the larger-bodied male ‘gold robin’, as my Pennsylvania German ancestors always called it, remained in plain sight.
gold spangle n. (more fully gold spangle moth) a Eurasian noctuid moth, Autographa bractea, having brown forewings with a prominent golden mark.
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the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Noctuidae > genus Noctua or Cucullia > noctua bractea
gold spangle1806
1806 J. Sowerby Brit. Misc. I. 57 The Gold Spangle Moth...Wings variegated, with a large golden shining spot in the middle.
1872 J. G. Wood Insects at Home 256 Another of these Moths is the Gold Spangle (Plusia bractea) in which the upper wings have on the disc a moderately large and nearly square spot, which looks as if a patch of gold-leaf had been placed on the wing.
2009 C. Manley Brit. Moths & Butterflies (rev. ed.) 258/1 Derwick's Plusia..Similar to resident Gold Spangle, but that has much shorter, thicker, more golden mark.
gold spot n. (more fully gold spot moth) a Eurasian noctuid moth, Plusia festucae, having reddish-brown and golden-yellow forewings with two silvery-white spots.
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the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Noctuidae > genus Noctua or Cucullia > noctua festucae
gold spot1769
1769 J. Berkenhout Outl. Nat. Hist. Great Brit. & Ireland I. 148 Festuca. Gold-spot Moth. First Wings brown, with 2 or 3 silver-gold spots.
1819 G. Samouelle Entomologist's Compend. 422 Noctua Festucæ, the gold Spot.
1913 W. F. Kirby Butterflies & Moths Romance & Reality 123 The Gold-spot..has rusty brown fore wings, varied with gold-colour.
2011 Observer Rev. (Nexis) 26 June 22 The many moths with metallic, light-reflecting scales..include the gold spangle, the gold spot and the beautiful golden Y.
gold swift n. (more fully gold swift moth) a European moth, Phymatopus hecta (family Hepialidae), the males of which have golden-brown forewings with pale markings.
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the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Hepialidae > hepialus hectus
gold swift1819
1819 G. Samouelle Entomologist's Compend. 397 Hepialus hectus, the gold Swift.
1926 Irish Naturalists' Jrnl. 1 134 Whilst waiting for dusk it was an extraordinary sight watching Hepialus hecta, the gold swift.
2002 M. Burton & R. Burton Internat. Wildlife Encycl. (ed. 3) XIX. 2603/2 By contrast, the larvae of the gold swift moth of Europe attacks [sic] the root of the troublesome bracken fern.
gold tail n. now rare (more fully gold-tail moth) either of two European moths, the brown-tail, Euproctis chrysochroa, and the yellow-tail, E. similis, some of which have a yellow tip to the abdomen.Formerly regarded as a single species.
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the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Lymantriidae > porthesia chrysorrhoea (yellowtail)
yellowtail1748
gold tail1817
1817 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. II. 21 The gold-tail-moth.
1912 Manch. Guardian 10 July 16/5 Considering that the moth flew from a thorn, and from its size and appearance, I think that it was the common gold-tail or yellow-tail.
1977 O. W. Richards & R. G. Davies Imms's Gen. Textbk. Entomol. (ed. 10) II. 1145 The common European Gold Tail, Euproctis similis (= chrysorrhoea).
† gold worm n. Obsolete rare the common glow-worm of Europe, Lampyris noctiluca.
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the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Diversicornia > family Lampyridae > lampyris noctiluca (glow-worm)
glow-wormc1320
gold worm?c1475
glowbard?a1500
silver-worm?a1500
glose-worm1519
glass-worm1552
glaze-worm1578
glare-worm1607
night-worm1774
glow-bug1781
fireworm1821
glow-beetle1860
?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 56v A Golde worme, noctiluca.
1609 G. Chapman Eythymiæ Raptus f. C3 And shine; like gould-worms, whom you hardly finde, By their owne, light.

Derivatives

ˈgold-like adj.
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1586 W. Warner Albions Eng. iv. xx. 86 A Globe-like head, a gold-like haier.
1662 F. H. tr. J. Poleman Novum Lumen Medicum iii. 14 You must not think, that it is such a Trifle and Easie matter to get the Gold-like Tincture of Copper.
1775 tr. Valuable Secrets Arts & Trades 129 The gold-like yellow is with yellow massicot.
1839 P. J. Bailey Festus 212 Hands..Whose gold-like touch makes kings of men.
1958 A. L. Simon Dict. Wines 83/2 It [sc. Goldwasser] contains a large number of very small pieces of gold leaf or yellow and gold-like pieces.
2009 Observer 8 Nov. 20/5 The gold-like tape..protected the command module during its re-entry into the earth's atmosphere.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

goldn.2

Brit. /ɡəʊld/, U.S. /ɡoʊld/
Forms:

α. Old English–1500s golde, Old English (in compounds)– gold, late Middle English goulde, late Middle English gowlde, 1500s gowle, 1500s–1800s gould, 1900s goule (historical); English regional 1800s goul (southern and midlands), 1800s gowd (Lancashire), 1800s gowle (Cumberland), 1800s–1900s goud (north-east midlands).

β. late Middle English goolde, 1500s goold; English regional 1800s good (Lancashire), 1800s goode (Lancashire), 1900s gool (Buckinghamshire), 1900s goold (Buckinghamshire); Scottish pre-1700 1700s 1900s– guild, pre-1700 1800s guilde, 1700s–1800s guill, 1700s–1800s gule, 1700s 1900s– gool, 1700s 1900s– guil, 1800s goold, 1800s gueel (north-eastern), 1800s guile, 1800s– gole (north-eastern and Caithness), 1900s gweel (north-eastern); Irish English (northern, chiefly in compounds) 1800s– geal, 1900s– guil.

γ. Scottish pre-1700 gulde, pre-1700 (1900s historical) guld, 1800s– gull (chiefly in compounds), 1900s– gill (chiefly in compounds); English regional (Cumberland) 1700s–1800s gull; Irish English (northern, chiefly in compounds) 1800s– gill, 1900s– gal, 1900s– gil.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Middle Low German gōlde yellow asphodel, (also) greater celandine, Middle High German golde yellow asphodel, marigold < the same Germanic base as gold n.1, with reference to the colour of the flowers of the plant. Compare marigold n.Compare also ( < English) post-classical Latin golda corn marigold (1316 in a British source) and Anglo-Norman goude corn marigold (15th cent. as gounde ). Compare also golde in mixed vernacular 13th-cent. glosses in the sense ‘marigold’, showing either Middle English or Anglo-Norman. Form history. In Old English apparently a weak feminine (golde ), in common with many other plant names, as also the West Germanic cognates. The α. forms show the development of a back glide vowel before l (sometimes with complete vocalization of the consonant). The β. forms show the reflex of Middle English long close ō by lengthening of ŏ before the homorganic consonant group łd , variously raised to /uː/ by the operation of the Great Vowel Shift or fronted to /yː/ in Older Scots. The γ. forms reflect shortening of Middle English long close ō to u (later /ʌ/). Compare discussion of similar developments at gold n.1 and adj. The phonological development of gold n.2 and gold n.1 seems often to have been divergent, and consequently the words are not always homonymous in every variety; so, for example, in northern English and Scots: forms with the reflex of Middle English long close ō (either fronted or shortened; compare β. and γ. forms) are the norm for gold n.2, whereas forms with a back glide (and usually vocalization of l ) are the norm for gold n.1 (compare δ. forms at that entry). In the Irish English form geal at β. forms perhaps influenced by gale n.1 Like many plant names the word occurs frequently in the plural, and may occasionally show reanalysis as a singular. Compounds. In compound plant names, it is often difficult to distinguish gold n.2 from its etymon gold n.1 as a first element. With gold-bloom at Compounds 1 compare Middle Dutch goutbloeme (Dutch goudbloem , now chiefly goudsbloem ), Old Saxon golthblōmo (Middle Low German goltblōme ), Middle High German goltbluome (German regional Goldblume (middle and upper Rhine area)), all chiefly denoting the marigold, although also sometimes used of other yellow-bloomed flowers; compare classical Latin chrȳsanthemum chrysanthemum n. Earlier currency of this compound is perhaps shown by Old English goldblōma , in an isolated attestation as an epithet of Christ:OE Homily (Corpus Cambr. 421) in A. S. Napier Wulfstan (1883) 251 Ða se goldbloma on ðas weoruld becom and menniscne lichaman onfeng æt Sancta Marian, þære unwemman fæmnan.However, this is more likely to show a compound of gold n.1 and bloom n.2, i.e. lit. ‘mass of gold’ (there are other figurative uses of words relating to treasure in close proximity in the same passage). With goldwort at Compounds 1 compare Middle Low German goltwort, Middle High German goltwurz, and also Middle Dutch goutwortel, all chiefly denoting greater celandine and yellow asphodel.
British regional in later use. Now historical.
Also in plural. Any of several plants of the family Asteraceae ( Compositae): †(a) the common or pot marigold, Calendula officinalis, which has orange flowers (obsolete); (b) the corn marigold, Glebionis segetum, which has yellow flowers and can be a troublesome weed of cereal crops, esp. on acidic soils; †(c) the ox-eye daisy, Leucanthemum vulgare, which has flowers with white ray florets and yellow disc florets (usually with distinguishing word: see white gold n.1) (obsolete).See also white gold n.1, yellow gold n.1In quots. ?1440 at α. and ?1440 at β. apparently denoting chicory; it translates forms of classical Latin intubum chicory, which in British glossarial sources is sometimes attested together with and apparently synonymous with other Latin and English plant names usually denoting the marigold (compare quot. a14002 at Compounds 1). The association appears to arise from the shared light-sensitive properties of the flowers of these plants. Compare the occasional post-classical identification of intubum with heliotropium heliotrope n. (e.g. in Isidore, Origines 17. 9. 37).
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > composite flowers > marigold
goldOE
rudc1300
gold flowera1325
solseclea1350
rodeworta1398
marigolda1400
yellow-bottlea1400
yellow goldc1405
soussiea1425
solsequium1540
soucyc1550
sun's flower1568
solsequya1680
pot marigold1760
tagetes1792
calendula1871
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > composite flowers > chrysanthemums
goldOE
buddle?a1350
great daisya1400
white bottlea1400
bigolda1500
maudlin-wort1552
chrysanthemum1578
ox-eyea1637
whiteweed1642
ox-eye daisy1731
moonflower1787
ox-daisy1813
ox-eyed daisy1817
pyrethrum1837
horse-gowan1842
marguerite1847
maudlin daisy1855
moon daisy1855
pompom1861
moon-penny1866
crown daisy1875
Korean chrysanthemum1877
Paris daisy1882
mum1891
Shasta daisy1901
chrysanth1920
penny-daisy1920
Korean1938
Nippon daisy1939
α.
OE Brussels Gloss. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 301 Solsequia, golde.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) v. l. 6780 Sche sprong up out of the molde Into a flour was named golde, Which stant governed of the Sonne.
tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) v. l. 97 Oynouns, myntes, goordes, & goldys [L. intebe].
?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xiiv Goldes..is an yll wede and groweth comenly in barley and pees.
1527 L. Andrewe tr. H. Brunschwig Vertuose Boke Distyllacyon cclxxxii. sig. Tiv/2 Water of the herbe of gowles or ruddes. Cicorea, sponsa solis Sol sequium in latyn.
1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion xv. 241 The crimsin Darnell Flower, the Blew-bottle, and Gold.
1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole lxiii. 298 We call them in English generally, either Golds or Marigolds.
1691 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Words (ed. 2) at Goulans In the South we usually call marygolds simply golds.
1747 S. Trowell & W. Ellis Farmer's Instructor ii. 24 All Authors whatsoever, to this Day, have missed writing in particular on a certain Weed, called in one Place, the wild Marygold, in another Gould, in another Yellow Bottle.
1790 W. Marshall Agric. Provincialisms in Rural Econ. Midland Counties II. 437 Golds, chrysanthemum segetum,—corn marigolds.
1886 R. E. G. Cole Gloss. Words S.-W. Lincs. Goud or Gold, the yellow Corn Marigold.
1905 Country Life 29 July 116/2 The pretty yellow corn-marigold..known long ago as gold, goules, and yellow bottle, grows freely in many parts of the country.
1996 R. Mabey Flora Britannica 374/1 Gold was common on light soils throughout Britain until after the war.
β. c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1071 Ialousye That wered of yelowe gooldes a gerland. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 202 Goolde, herbe, solsequium,..calendula. tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. l. 702 On trefoil let hem byte, On gooldis wilde [c1450 Bodl. Add. gouldes wilde; L. agrestia intuba], on letuce, greekish hey.c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. x. xii. f. 143v/2 He that sufferis his land to be fyld with guld or siclik vnproffitabyll wedis [etc.].1563 N. Winȝet Wks. (1890) II. 59 Fra hand spring wp guild and humlokis.1595 E. Spenser Colin Clouts come Home Againe sig. B4v With Roses dight and Goolds.1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem Table 81 Guilde (quhilk is ane pernicious herbe, or rather ane wide).1794 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. XIII. 537 A weed with a yellow flower that grows among the corns, especially in wet seasons, called Gool.1825 in J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. at Guilde The Gool, and the Gordon, and the Hudy Craw Are the greatest curses ever Moray saw.1882 J. H. Nodal & G. Milnar Gloss. Lancashire Dial. Goode (N. Lanc.) the ox-eye daisy.1918 L. B. Wilder Colour in my Garden 355 Chrysanthemum..segetum—Corn Marigold, Gools, Yellowby, Yellow Ox-eye.1980 A. Blair Rowan on Ridge 21 The tell-tale splash there of corn marigolds, the gool which no self-respecting farmer would allow to strangle his growing crops.1996 R. Mabey Flora Britannica 454/1 Corn marigold is the once notorious gule (variations: gool, guld), meaning gold.γ. c1430 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1844) I. 386/2 Giff thi malar puttis guld in thi land, and will nocht deliuer it and clenge it, he aw to be punyst.1473 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 171 Tha sal do thar diligens..to wyn the land fra guld with wedying.1597 J. Skene De Verborum Significatione at Maneleta The teinnent sufferand the guld to grow amangst his cornes, payis ane wedder..to his maister.1794 W. Hutchinson Hist. Cumberland I. 220 (note) Gulls, a weed which infested the cornland, totally rooted out.1878 W. Dickinson Gloss. Words & Phrases Cumberland (ed. 2) Gull, the corn-marigold.

Compounds

C1. attributive, esp. in names for the common or pot marigold and the corn marigold, as gold-bloom, goldweed, goldwort. Now historical.See also gold flower n.1 1.Now only in lists of alternative names for these plants.With the lemma incuba in quot. a14002, compare the discussion of post-classical attestations of classical Latin intubum at the main sense.
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OE Aldhelm Glosses (Royal 12 C.xxiii) in A. S. Napier Old Eng. Glosses (1900) 194/2 [De eliotropo Grece quod est] solsequium [Latine]: goldwyrt.
?a1300 in S. G. Hamilton Catal. MSS Worcester Cathedral (1906) 185 Solsequum, goldwrt uel ryde.
a1400 Alphita (Selden) (1887) 88 Kalendula, sponsa solis,..golduurt uel rodes.
a1400 Alphita (Selden) (1887) 86 Incuba, sponsa solis,..goldwort.
?a1500 in G. Henslow Med. Wks. 14th Cent. (1899) 45 Take matfelon and flouris of gold-wort.
1744 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman Mar. ii. 19 I saw a large Field of Barley..full of this Gould-weed.
1830 in Misc. Sc. Hist. Soc. (1951) VIII. 158 The lands for tilage is for two years crop in lots and by the acre as it shall measure and to be sown clean of all gull seeads.
1857 T. Wright Dict. Obsolete & Provinc. Eng. Gold-bloom, the marigold.
1906 Country Life 6 Oct. 492/2 Its big, red-gold head waving on the green stalk has gained for it [sc. the marigold] the titles Jackanapes-on-horseback, Rodigold, Holigold, and Goldbloom.
2006 E. Mills et al. Herbal Medicines Pregnancy & Lactation iv. 63 Calendula Calendula officinalis..Garden marigold, gold-bloom, holligold, marigold, marybud, pot marigold.
C2.
† gold law n. Scots Law Obsolete a law stipulating that fields must be kept free of corn marigolds, with a fine or penalty imposed for non-observance.
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1478 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 213 And he sal kep the land fra guld ondir peyn of guld law.
1503 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 256 Thai sal keip thair land fra guld wnder payn of guld law.
1778 A. Wight Present State Husbandry in Scotl. I. 35 A committee of their number [sc. farmers], upon a certain day in August, examine every field of those that are under the guild-law.
1928 Sc. Jrnl. Agric. 11 132 The general use of lime seems to have had more to do with its [sc. the corn marigold's] disappearance than the Guld Law.
gold rider a person who searches fields for corn marigolds in order to collect fines (see gold-riding n.).
ΚΠ
1794 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. XIII. 537 An old custom takes place in this parish [Cargill], called Gool-riding..Certain persons stiled gool-riders, were appointed to ride through the fields, search for gool, and [etc.].
1970 Weed Sci. 18 295/2 ‘Gool riders’ could no longer find enough weeds and collect enough fines to afford dinner or a drink.
gold-riding n. the custom of searching fields for corn marigolds, a fine being imposed on the farmer for each plant found.
ΚΠ
1794 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. XIII. 537 An old custom takes place in this parish [Cargill], called Gool-riding..Certain persons stiled gool-riders, were appointed to ride through the fields, search for gool, and [etc.].
1826 Let. Mar. in W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1830) II. 466/2 Dr. Hibbert considers it to have the same meaning as the gool-riding in Scotland, established for the purpose of exterminating weed from corn.
1900 J. Murray Life in Scotl. 100 Years Ago 54 Again, in a parish in Perthshire, the old custom of gool-riding was regularly observed.
1975 D. B. Lloyd Middletons S. Maryland 338 A peculiar practice called ‘gool riding’.., a massive demonstration designed to extirpate a certain yellow flower weed called ‘gool’ or ‘corn marigold’, a parasite of field corn [sc. in Lancashire].
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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