gablen.¹

Brit.

/ˈɡeɪbl/, U.S.

/ˈɡeɪb(ə)l/

Forms:

α. Chiefly northern Middle English ganeyl (transmission error), Middle English gauil, Middle English gauyll, Middle English gavul, Middle English gawell, Middle English–1500s gavell, Middle English–1500s gavyll, Middle English 1600s gavill, Middle English 1600s–1700s (1800s Irish English) gavel; English regional (northern) 1700s–1800s geeavle, 1800s gavle, 1800s geavle, 1800s geeavel, 1800s geyavle, 1800s govel, 1800s gyavel; Scottish pre-1700 gaivell, pre-1700 gaivile, pre-1700 gal, pre-1700 gauyle, pre-1700 gauyle, pre-1700 gauyll, pre-1700 gavaill, pre-1700 gavile, pre-1700 gavyl, pre-1700 gavyll, pre-1700 gawel, pre-1700 gawele, pre-1700 gawell, pre-1700 gawelle, pre-1700 gawil, pre-1700 gawill, pre-1700 gawille, pre-1700 gawyle, pre-1700 gawyll, pre-1700 gayl, pre-1700 gayll, pre-1700 gayvell, pre-1700 geivel, pre-1700 gevill, pre-1700 geyvel, pre-1700 geyvill, pre-1700 1700s gavell, pre-1700 1700s gavill, pre-1700 1700s– gavel Scottish English /ˈɡevl/, pre-1700 1800s gavil, pre-1700 (1900s Orkney) gevel, 1700s gaill, 1700s gavall, 1700s givyle, 1700s gyvel, 1800s ga'el, 1800s ga'ill, 1800s ga'le, 1800s gail, 1800s gav'le, 1800s gavle, 1800s geevle, 1800s gehl, 1800s giyl, 1800s–1900s geyl, 1800s–1900s gyle, 1800s– gale, 1900s gaevel (Shetland), 1900s– gaevil (Shetland), 1900s– gaivel, 1900s– gaivle, 1900s– geevil (Caithness), 1900s– gell.

β. Middle English gabil, Middle English gabill, Middle English gabul, Middle English gabule, Middle English gabyl, Middle English–1500s gabyll, Middle English 1600s–1700s gabell, Middle English– gable, 1600s gabal, 1600s–1700s gabel.

Origin: Partly a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Probably also partly a borrowing from French. Etymon: French gable.

Etymology: Originally (in α. forms) < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic gafl , Old Swedish gafl (Swedish gavel ), Old Danish -gawel (in husgawel ; Danish gavl ), all in sense ‘gable’ < an ablaut variant of the same Germanic base as Middle Dutch, Dutch gevel gable, Old High German gibili , gibil forehead, front (Middle High German gibel gable, German Giebel ), and also (with a different form of the suffix) Old High German gebal skull, forehead (Middle High German gebel ), Gothic gibla (architectural) pinnacle < the same Indo-European base as ancient Greek κεϕαλή head (see cephalo- comb. form). The β. forms apparently show variation within English (compare e.g. nabel , variant of navel n.), probably reinforced by Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French (Normandy) gable gable (late 12th cent.), itself of uncertain origin, probably a borrowing < the same early Scandinavian word, or perhaps a specific use (influenced by the early Scandinavian word) of Middle French, French jable (in carpentry) bevel-edged timber used in roof construction (1397) < classical Latin gabalus gallows, gibbet (see note). Compare post-classical Latin gabella, gabellus, gablum, gablus, gabulus, gabulum gable (frequently from 12th cent. in British sources).Classical Latin gabalus gallows, gibbet (in post-classical Latin also as gabulum , in an undated glossary) is apparently < an unattested Gaulish word cognate with Early Irish gabul fork, bifurcation, gibbet, rafter (of a house), Welsh gafl fork, bifurcation, and also with Old English gafol , geafel (compare yelve n.), Middle Dutch gaffele (Dutch gaffel ), Old High German gabala (Middle High German gabele , German Gabel ), and (with different suffix) Old Saxon gaflia (Middle Low German gaffel ), all denoting a fork; further etymology uncertain, perhaps a derivative of the Indo-European base of Early Irish gabaid takes, classical Latin habēre (see habit n.) + a suffix forming names of tools, or perhaps of non-Indo-European origin. The Romance and Scandinavian words may have become associated because of the gable of a wooden house was typically formed by two pieces of timber crossed at the top and supporting the end of the roof-tree (compare fork n. 7 and gable fork n. at Compounds 2). Possible earlier evidence. Compare the following apparently earlier passages, although it is unclear whether these should be interpreted as showing the Anglo-Norman or the Middle English word:1347–8 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 207 In factura gabell antiqui scacarii Elemosinarie.1359–60 in F. R. Chapman Sacrist Rolls Ely (1907) II. 194 vj ymagines apud le Gablez. Compare also the slightly earlier place name Mykelgavel, Mikelgaule, Cumberland (1338, now Great Gable), although it is unclear whether this compound was formed in early Scandinavian or in northern Middle English.

a. Architecture. On a roof with two pitched surfaces: a vertical, usually triangular section of wall, extending from the eaves to the ridge of the roof, at the end of the pitched surfaces; (also, on more complex roofs) the vertical surface at the end of a particular pitched section. Occasionally figurative. Cf. gable end n. 2. Recorded earliest in gable fork n. at Compounds 2.corbie-gable, hipped gable, step-gable: see the first element.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > roof > [noun] > gable

gable1371

gable fork1371

piniona1400

gable end1596

festier1601

eagle1682

pignon1875

step-gable1921

α.

1371 in W. H. D. Longstaffe & J. Booth Halmota Prioratus Dunelmensis (1889) 111 Reparabit unam grangiam de uno pare de siles et duobus gauilforks.

1374 in J. M. Thomson Registrum Magni Sigilli Scotorum (1912) I. 219/2 Ex parte [b]oreali pontis de le Castelgaylle infra burgum de Perthe.

1379–80 in J. T. Fowler Memorials Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1888) III. 101 Emendand. in le Westgavell, 15s. 3d.

?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 54 A gavyll of a howse, frontispicium.

a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) vii. l. 3370 Þat west gawille alssua In til his tyme al gert he may.

1531–2 in J. Raine Durham Househ. Bk. (1844) 176 Ac in fine aulæ super le gavylls.

1645 in D. Robertson S. Leith Rec. (1911) 63 His gavill and chymney lumbs was ruinous.

1680 A. Haig in J. Russell Haigs of Bemersyde (1881) xi. 309 Putting upe in the waster gavills, to the heads, 3 chimlies.

1703 R. Neve City & Countrey Purchaser 148 Gavel, a word used by some, by which they mean the same as Gable.

1846 W. Cross Disruption xi. 113 Rubble wark is what they use for gavles.

1913 J. Service Memorables Robin Cummell 66 Their crawsteppit gavels and wildernesses o' lum-piggs.

1992 D. Purves Shakespeare's Tragedie o Macbeth i. vi. 12 A see the're nae guid neuk or gaivil whaur they haena wrocht ti bigg thair hingin nests.

β. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Miller's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 385 And whan thow..hast..breke an hole an heigh vp on the gable Vn to the gardynward, ouer the stable.c1460 My Fayr Lady in J. O. Halliwell Select. Minor Poems J. Lydgate (1840) 204 Wyde as a chirche that hath a gabyl.1538 T. Elyot Dict. Delicia, the tymber, whiche maketh the end of a house aboue, callyd a Gable.1679 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. viii. 145 The Principal Rafters, Purlins, Gables, &c. are also fram'd and set up.1703 R. Neve City & Countrey Purchaser 22 Bargecourse,..a part of the Tyling, which projects over without the Principal Rafters, in all Buildings, where there is either a Gable or a Kirkin-Head.1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth iii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. I. 92 Be at the lattice window on our east gable by the very peep of dawn.1876 M. E. Braddon Joshua Haggard's Daughter I. i. 5 A low-roofed , old-fashioned dwelling, with steep gables and curious abutments.1896 R. Temple Story of my Life I. x. 212 The icy and snowy gables, towers, pinnacles, of the mid-Himalayan range.1938 Amer. Home Oct. 42/2 The half timber woodwork in the wall and gable as well as the leaded glass bays are in the English manner.1967 Appraisal Terminol. & Handbk. (Amer. Inst. Real Estate Appraisers) (ed. 5) 90 Gable roof—A ridged roof, the ends of which form a gable.2008 Victorian July 17/4 Tiled or slated roofs punctuated by varied eaves, gables and dormers.

b. A decorative architectural feature in the form of a gable (sense 1a) over a window, door, etc. Formerly also: †a part of an object which resembles a gable in having a triangular shape (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > other elements > [noun] > canopy

gabletc1440

gable1532

ogee1591

canopy1682

1532 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1905) VI. 74 Fyne canves to be ane pailȝeoune..to lyne the gavill of the samyn.

1639 in W. Stevenson Presbyterie Bk. Kirkcaldie (1900) 17 That the seatts..salbe chaunged [with] thair gavells to the kirk wall.

a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1680 (1955) IV. 199 The Tympanum or Gabel at the front [of Cassiobury] is a Bass-relievo of Diana hunting.

1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Timpan, tympany, the middle part of the front of a house, raised above the level of the rest of the wall, resembling a gable... This is also called a Tympany gavel.

1850 J. H. Parker Gloss. Terms Archit. (ed. 5) I. 225 Gablets,..small ornamental gables formed over tabernacles, niches, buttresses, &c.

1928 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 32 425 The high pitch of the arch, and the inclination of the gable on both sarcophagi present strong contrasts to all the other three-niche examples.

1994 San Francisco & Northern Calif. (Eyewitness Trav.) 75 Decorative gables filled with ‘sunburst’ motifs are used on porches and window frames.

2. Architecture. One of the end walls of a building, having a triangular section at the top which extends from the eaves to the ridge of the roof; = gable end n. 1.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 1a.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > wall of building > [noun] > end wall > with triangular top

gablec1390

gable endc1390

pike wall1440

pine-end1753

pinion-end1825

c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. iii. 50 Woldustow Glase þe Gable and graue þerinne þi nome.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 183 Gabyl, or gable, pykyd walle.

1474–5 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 289 In le dalbyng et le wyndyng interclose wallez, sydewallez, gawellez.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Exeter 273 The Houses stand sidewaies backward into their Yards, and onely endwaies with their Gables towards the Street.

1775 N. Kent Hints to Gentlemen 166 Every barn should be so contrived as to have a rick-staddle at each end, and a hole in each gable to pitch the corn into it.

1787 W. Marshall Provincialisms in Rural Econ. Norfolk II. 379 Flue, the coping of a gable or end-wall of a house.

1803 Gazetteer Scotl. at Kirkwall Towards the street, the ends or gables of the houses are placed.

1894 S. R. Crockett Lilac Sunbonnet ix. 77 The whole party sitting by the gable end (the ‘gavel’, as it was locally expressed) rose to their feet.

1916 J. J. H. Burgess Rasmie's Smaa Murr 25 Apr. Da pör man's draain-room is at da gaevel o da hoose.

1935 H. Heslop Last Cage Down i. xiii. 119 Bill squatted against a gable and relit his clay pipe.

2009 D. T. Yeomans How Structures Work v. 86 Between the windward gable and the flank walls there must be some compressive forces.

†3. In a crank or crankshaft: each of the arms or plates connecting a crank pin to the main part of the shaft; = web n. 21d. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > other parts > [noun] > converters > cranks > part of

web1843

gable1879

1879 Illustr. Sci. News 15 Sept. 212/1 The foreman then cuts the gable of the crank.

1929 T. Woodhouse Prepar. & Weaving Artific. Silk or Rayon xvi. 212 The main end gables..can carry suitable rails for tappet shedding.

Compounds

C1. General attributive (in senses 1, 2).

ΚΠ

1563–4 in R. Adam Edinb. Rec. (1899) I. 469 Vj greitt garrownis to be interdaillis and gavill bands to the stairs.

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1579/1 By the force of the said wind, all the coping of one side of a great gable hed of bricke..was blowne quite ouer the house vnder which it stood.

1703 R. Neve City & Countrey Purchaser 88 There was three Gutters, and four Gable-heads.

1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. at Thak Thack-gate, the sloping edge of the gable-tops of a house, when the thatch covers them.

1855 M. Arnold Balder Dead ii, in Poems 2nd Ser. 23 And in Valhalla, from his gable perch, The golden-crested Cock began to crow.

1894 E. H. Barker Two Summers in Guyenne 67 A little old Gothic church with a gable-belfry.

1920 Pop. Sci. Monthly July 122/2 A ladder placed against the gable edge of a slanting roof is always wabbly and dangerous.

1949 P. H. Buck Coming of Maori 129 A carved head..was placed over the vertical join of the two barge-boards forming the gable apex.

2011 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 14 Jan. f2 We notice unsightly black mold growing around the gable vents and believe it to be from moisture in the attic.

C2. In compounds relating to senses 1a, 2.

gable coping n. a (sometimes decorative) course of brick, stone, etc., at the top of a gable (senses 1a, 2); cf. gable cresting n.

ΚΠ

1846 Publ. Cambr. Antiquarian Soc. 1 29 This table is coupled with parpents, corbels and crestes, all shewing that the upper finishing of walls was in hand. The term therefore may belong to the common gable-coping represented in fig. 12.

1860 G. E. Street in Archaeologia Cantiana 3 115 Surmounted by a high-pitched roof, finished with gable-copings and crosses.

2011 A. Henry & J. Stewart Pract. Building Conservation 190/1 Separation of large sheets of mortar at high level is probably caused by water penetration via the joints in the gable coping.

gable cresting n. now rare a (typically decorative) course of brick, stone, etc., at the top of a gable (senses 1a, 2); cf. gable coping n.

ΚΠ

1881 Rep. Branch Penitentiary Commissioners Kentucky (Legislative Doc. No. 15 Kentucky Gen. Assembly) 87 282 feet gable cresting, at 40 cents.

1886 R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. III. 553 Elaborate gable-cresting of the time of James I.

1960 Mem. Amer. Acad. Rome 26 94 The height..of walls and columns was just equal to the height of the roof from the capitals to the peak of the gable cresting.

gable fork n. now historical a timber (or one of a pair) which supports a gable or a pitched roof; cf. fork n. 7.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > roof > [noun] > gable

gable1371

gable fork1371

piniona1400

gable end1596

festier1601

eagle1682

pignon1875

step-gable1921

1371 in W. H. D. Longstaffe & J. Booth Halmota Prioratus Dunelmensis (1889) 111 Reparabit unam grangiam de uno pare de siles et duobus gauilforks.

1903 PMLA 18 122 She goes out.., and during her absence her hut grows double in size, and the gable fork gains 12 feet in height and becomes a flowering tree.

1964 Ann. Assoc. Amer. Geographers 54 443/2 Instead of the customary gable cross-poles they introduced a fork principle: two gable forks supported a horizontal pole and a roof of thinner poles.

1990 Trad. Homes Aug. 95/2 In the seventeenth century, ‘gable forks’ were often put in to strengthen the framing.

gable front n. a facade which incorporates or consists of a gable (senses 1a, 2); cf. gable-fronted adj.

ΚΠ

1807 J. T. Smith Antiq. Westminster 189/1 Twelve large and square stones for several works for the wall near the gable front of the chapel.

1884 Mag. Amer. Hist. July 87/1 There are other wooden houses of a higher class, with tiled roofs and gable fronts, the upper story considerably overhanging the lower.

1989 J. A. Jakle et al. Common Houses America's Small Towns vi. 143/1 Many of these gable-front cottages originated as scaled-down imitations of similar looking..southern bungalows.

2017 Hull Daily Mail (Nexis) 22 May An impressive building..with a very ornate frontage with distinctive brickwork and gable front.

gable-fronted adj. having a facade which incorporates or consists of a gable (senses 1a, 2).

ΚΠ

1833 Knickerbocker July 71 The gable-fronted mansions of the Knickerbockers were considered the highest achmè of architectural splendour.

1906 Studio Oct. 32/2 There is a high gable-fronted house in dull grey rough casting..that because of its striking unfamiliarity compels attention.

2007 M. Bass et al. Wilkes County iii. 35 Churches were typically situated on knolls and hills. They were gable-fronted buildings that were later rebuilt or refaced with brick.

gable-roofed adj. having a roof with two pitched surfaces and a gable (sense 1a) at each end; cf. gable roof n.

ΚΠ

1727 B. Willis Surv. Cathedrals II. 334 The great Cross Isle or Transept is Gabell roof'd in a sloping Fashion.

1899 Sir E. Burne-Jones in J. W. Mackail Life W. Morris I. 51 Tumbly old buildings, gable-roofed and pebble-dashed.

1924 Bull. Newport Hist. Soc. Jan. 4 A gable roofed early style house often has an elaborate doorway, with fluted pilasters.

2015 J. Tevis World is on Fire i. 99 We happened upon this little white gable-roofed school at a crossroads and pulled over on a whim.

gable-shaped adj. shaped like a gable (sense 1a), esp. in having a triangular or pointed upper section.

ΚΠ

1839 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 9 143 A conspicuous gable-shaped hill rises in the distant range of mountains.

1905 C. Partridge Cross River Natives ix. 175 The gable-shaped roof rests on several large posts and cross-beams, and is built in situ, and not on the ground.

1997 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 30 May c25/3 A gable-shaped plaque of two martyred saints, made in Limoges, circa 1205.

gable-topped adj. surmounted by a gable or gables (sense 1a); (also) having a top shaped like a gable.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > roof > [adjective] > gabled

fastigious1625

gabled1791

gable-topped1836

gableted1853

step-gabled1937

1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) xiv. 138 It was a strange old place..with gable-topped windows projecting completely over the pathway.

1883 R. Gower My Reminisc. II. xxi. 31 A small gable-topped building.

1923 R. G. Collingwood Roman Brit. 86 A gable-topped canopy.

2010 Jerusalem Post (Nexis) 17 Sept. 18 The sprawling house at No. 10 has a gable-topped attic.

gable wall n. a wall of a house or other building which is topped by a gable (sense 1a); cf. sense 2.

ΚΠ

1392 Lincoln Cathedral Chapter Acts vi. f. 51^v Murus vocatus le Gable Wale existens in medio ecclesiae.

1442 Acct. in Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæol. Jrnl. (1901) 7 116 John Walschef v dayys to take a down ye gabul wall.

1545 MS Rec. Aberdeen in J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (1825) Suppl. at Bowaland He bowaland the said gavill wall on bayth the sidis.

1649 in A. Maxwell Hist. Old Dundee (1884) 422 [He ought] not to mak holls for putting of geasts in the gavel wall.

1785 W. Harrod & F. Peck Antiq. Stamford & St. Martin's II. vii. 451 A fire broke out..and had not a strong gable wall stopped it westward the whole inn probably had been destroyed.

1886 R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. II. 162 The space between the screen and the gable wall of the Hall.

1996 S. Deane Reading in Dark (1997) ii. 39 I left to play handball at the gable wall of the house at the end of the street.

gable window n. a window in the gable (senses 1a, 2) of a building.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of window > [noun] > other types of window

loop1393

shot-windowc1405

gable window1428

batement light1445

church window1458

shot1513

casement1538

dream-hole1559

luket1564

draw window1567

loop-window1574

loophole1591

tower-windowc1593

thorough lights1600

squinch1602

turret window1603

slit1607

close-shuts1615

gutter window1620

street lighta1625

balcony-window1635

clere-story window1679

slip1730

air-loop1758

Venetian1766

Venetian window1775

sidelight1779

lancet window1781

French casement1804

double window1819

couplet1844

spire-light1846

lancet1848

tower-light1848

triplet1849

bar-window1857

pair-light1868

nook window1878

coupled windows1881

three-light1908–9

north-light1919

storm window1933

borrowed light1934

Thermopane1941

storms1952

1428 in J. A. Kingdon Arch. Worshipful Company of Grocers (1886) II. 174 Þe end of þe sayd hale upe to þe halffe gabule wyndow at þe deyes.

1449–50 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Nov. 1449 §50. m. 8 A gavill wyndowe over a cloyster.

1633 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1871) III. 61 The southeast gavill windo of the said kirk.

1742 in J. G. Burnett Powis Papers (1951) 285 A big Sash Losen in the gavell Window of Ja: Baverlys house.

1822 E. J. Willson Gloss. Gothic Archit. 11/2 in A. Pugin Specimens Gothic Archit. (1823) II. The gable-windows of many of the English churches may boldly claim a comparison with the finest roses.

1918 Internat. Studio Aug. p. xxx/1 Looking over the courtyard are the gable windows of an old brick building that fronts on Beaver Street.

2008 ‘R. Keeland’ tr. S. Larsson Girl with Dragon Tattoo i. 15 The apartment had two dormer windows and a gable window with a view of the rooftops.

Derivatives

ˈgable-wise adv. in the manner of a gable (sense 1a), esp. forming a triangular shape similar to a gable.

ΚΠ

1600 C. Edmondes Obseruations Fiue Bks. Caesars Comm. iv. vi. 142 These [trees] he let downe into the water..and droue them in with commanders, not perpendicularly, after the fashion of a pile, but gable wise and bending with the course of the water.

1617 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Cambr. (1886) I. 204 Ye west end..to be made gable wise.

1872 J. Ruskin Fors Clavigera II. xxi. 12 A branch or two of larch, set gable-wise across them.

1912 Youth's Compan. 25 Jan. 49/2 Make six or eight arches of the twigs, making each arch of two uprights, and two twigs above them slanting gablewise.

1996 Archaeol. Rep. for 1995–6 (Soc. for Promotion Hellenic Stud.) No. 42. 84/2 Many graves are a cappuccina with tiles propped up gable-wise.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2018; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	gable
释义	gablen.¹ Brit. /ˈɡeɪbl/, U.S. /ˈɡeɪb(ə)l/ Forms: α. Chiefly northern Middle English ganeyl (transmission error), Middle English gauil, Middle English gauyll, Middle English gavul, Middle English gawell, Middle English–1500s gavell, Middle English–1500s gavyll, Middle English 1600s gavill, Middle English 1600s–1700s (1800s Irish English) gavel; English regional (northern) 1700s–1800s geeavle, 1800s gavle, 1800s geavle, 1800s geeavel, 1800s geyavle, 1800s govel, 1800s gyavel; Scottish pre-1700 gaivell, pre-1700 gaivile, pre-1700 gal, pre-1700 gauyle, pre-1700 gauyle, pre-1700 gauyll, pre-1700 gavaill, pre-1700 gavile, pre-1700 gavyl, pre-1700 gavyll, pre-1700 gawel, pre-1700 gawele, pre-1700 gawell, pre-1700 gawelle, pre-1700 gawil, pre-1700 gawill, pre-1700 gawille, pre-1700 gawyle, pre-1700 gawyll, pre-1700 gayl, pre-1700 gayll, pre-1700 gayvell, pre-1700 geivel, pre-1700 gevill, pre-1700 geyvel, pre-1700 geyvill, pre-1700 1700s gavell, pre-1700 1700s gavill, pre-1700 1700s– gavel Scottish English /ˈɡevl/, pre-1700 1800s gavil, pre-1700 (1900s Orkney) gevel, 1700s gaill, 1700s gavall, 1700s givyle, 1700s gyvel, 1800s ga'el, 1800s ga'ill, 1800s ga'le, 1800s gail, 1800s gav'le, 1800s gavle, 1800s geevle, 1800s gehl, 1800s giyl, 1800s–1900s geyl, 1800s–1900s gyle, 1800s– gale, 1900s gaevel (Shetland), 1900s– gaevil (Shetland), 1900s– gaivel, 1900s– gaivle, 1900s– geevil (Caithness), 1900s– gell. β. Middle English gabil, Middle English gabill, Middle English gabul, Middle English gabule, Middle English gabyl, Middle English–1500s gabyll, Middle English 1600s–1700s gabell, Middle English– gable, 1600s gabal, 1600s–1700s gabel. Origin: Partly a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Probably also partly a borrowing from French. Etymon: French gable. Etymology: Originally (in α. forms) < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic gafl , Old Swedish gafl (Swedish gavel ), Old Danish -gawel (in husgawel ; Danish gavl ), all in sense ‘gable’ < an ablaut variant of the same Germanic base as Middle Dutch, Dutch gevel gable, Old High German gibili , gibil forehead, front (Middle High German gibel gable, German Giebel ), and also (with a different form of the suffix) Old High German gebal skull, forehead (Middle High German gebel ), Gothic gibla (architectural) pinnacle < the same Indo-European base as ancient Greek κεϕαλή head (see cephalo- comb. form). The β. forms apparently show variation within English (compare e.g. nabel , variant of navel n.), probably reinforced by Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French (Normandy) gable gable (late 12th cent.), itself of uncertain origin, probably a borrowing < the same early Scandinavian word, or perhaps a specific use (influenced by the early Scandinavian word) of Middle French, French jable (in carpentry) bevel-edged timber used in roof construction (1397) < classical Latin gabalus gallows, gibbet (see note). Compare post-classical Latin gabella, gabellus, gablum, gablus, gabulus, gabulum gable (frequently from 12th cent. in British sources).Classical Latin gabalus gallows, gibbet (in post-classical Latin also as gabulum , in an undated glossary) is apparently < an unattested Gaulish word cognate with Early Irish gabul fork, bifurcation, gibbet, rafter (of a house), Welsh gafl fork, bifurcation, and also with Old English gafol , geafel (compare yelve n.), Middle Dutch gaffele (Dutch gaffel ), Old High German gabala (Middle High German gabele , German Gabel ), and (with different suffix) Old Saxon gaflia (Middle Low German gaffel ), all denoting a fork; further etymology uncertain, perhaps a derivative of the Indo-European base of Early Irish gabaid takes, classical Latin habēre (see habit n.) + a suffix forming names of tools, or perhaps of non-Indo-European origin. The Romance and Scandinavian words may have become associated because of the gable of a wooden house was typically formed by two pieces of timber crossed at the top and supporting the end of the roof-tree (compare fork n. 7 and gable fork n. at Compounds 2). Possible earlier evidence. Compare the following apparently earlier passages, although it is unclear whether these should be interpreted as showing the Anglo-Norman or the Middle English word:1347–8 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 207 In factura gabell antiqui scacarii Elemosinarie.1359–60 in F. R. Chapman Sacrist Rolls Ely (1907) II. 194 vj ymagines apud le Gablez. Compare also the slightly earlier place name Mykelgavel, Mikelgaule, Cumberland (1338, now Great Gable), although it is unclear whether this compound was formed in early Scandinavian or in northern Middle English. 1. a. Architecture. On a roof with two pitched surfaces: a vertical, usually triangular section of wall, extending from the eaves to the ridge of the roof, at the end of the pitched surfaces; (also, on more complex roofs) the vertical surface at the end of a particular pitched section. Occasionally figurative. Cf. gable end n. 2. Recorded earliest in gable fork n. at Compounds 2.corbie-gable, hipped gable, step-gable: see the first element.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 2. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > roof > [noun] > gable gable1371 gable fork1371 piniona1400 gable end1596 festier1601 eagle1682 pignon1875 step-gable1921 α. 1371 in W. H. D. Longstaffe & J. Booth Halmota Prioratus Dunelmensis (1889) 111 Reparabit unam grangiam de uno pare de siles et duobus gauilforks. 1374 in J. M. Thomson Registrum Magni Sigilli Scotorum (1912) I. 219/2 Ex parte [b]oreali pontis de le Castelgaylle infra burgum de Perthe. 1379–80 in J. T. Fowler Memorials Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1888) III. 101 Emendand. in le Westgavell, 15s. 3d. ?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 54 A gavyll of a howse, frontispicium. a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) vii. l. 3370 Þat west gawille alssua In til his tyme al gert he may. 1531–2 in J. Raine Durham Househ. Bk. (1844) 176 Ac in fine aulæ super le gavylls. 1645 in D. Robertson S. Leith Rec. (1911) 63 His gavill and chymney lumbs was ruinous. 1680 A. Haig in J. Russell Haigs of Bemersyde (1881) xi. 309 Putting upe in the waster gavills, to the heads, 3 chimlies. 1703 R. Neve City & Countrey Purchaser 148 Gavel, a word used by some, by which they mean the same as Gable. 1846 W. Cross Disruption xi. 113 Rubble wark is what they use for gavles. 1913 J. Service Memorables Robin Cummell 66 Their crawsteppit gavels and wildernesses o' lum-piggs. 1992 D. Purves Shakespeare's Tragedie o Macbeth i. vi. 12 A see the're nae guid neuk or gaivil whaur they haena wrocht ti bigg thair hingin nests. β. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Miller's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 385 And whan thow..hast..breke an hole an heigh vp on the gable Vn to the gardynward, ouer the stable.c1460 My Fayr Lady in J. O. Halliwell Select. Minor Poems J. Lydgate (1840) 204 Wyde as a chirche that hath a gabyl.1538 T. Elyot Dict. Delicia, the tymber, whiche maketh the end of a house aboue, callyd a Gable.1679 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. viii. 145 The Principal Rafters, Purlins, Gables, &c. are also fram'd and set up.1703 R. Neve City & Countrey Purchaser 22 Bargecourse,..a part of the Tyling, which projects over without the Principal Rafters, in all Buildings, where there is either a Gable or a Kirkin-Head.1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth iii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. I. 92 Be at the lattice window on our east gable by the very peep of dawn.1876 M. E. Braddon Joshua Haggard's Daughter I. i. 5 A low-roofed , old-fashioned dwelling, with steep gables and curious abutments.1896 R. Temple Story of my Life I. x. 212 The icy and snowy gables, towers, pinnacles, of the mid-Himalayan range.1938 Amer. Home Oct. 42/2 The half timber woodwork in the wall and gable as well as the leaded glass bays are in the English manner.1967 Appraisal Terminol. & Handbk. (Amer. Inst. Real Estate Appraisers) (ed. 5) 90 Gable roof—A ridged roof, the ends of which form a gable.2008 Victorian July 17/4 Tiled or slated roofs punctuated by varied eaves, gables and dormers. b. A decorative architectural feature in the form of a gable (sense 1a) over a window, door, etc. Formerly also: †a part of an object which resembles a gable in having a triangular shape (obsolete). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > other elements > [noun] > canopy gabletc1440 gable1532 ogee1591 canopy1682 1532 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1905) VI. 74 Fyne canves to be ane pailȝeoune..to lyne the gavill of the samyn. 1639 in W. Stevenson Presbyterie Bk. Kirkcaldie (1900) 17 That the seatts..salbe chaunged [with] thair gavells to the kirk wall. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1680 (1955) IV. 199 The Tympanum or Gabel at the front [of Cassiobury] is a Bass-relievo of Diana hunting. 1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Timpan, tympany, the middle part of the front of a house, raised above the level of the rest of the wall, resembling a gable... This is also called a Tympany gavel. 1850 J. H. Parker Gloss. Terms Archit. (ed. 5) I. 225 Gablets,..small ornamental gables formed over tabernacles, niches, buttresses, &c. 1928 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 32 425 The high pitch of the arch, and the inclination of the gable on both sarcophagi present strong contrasts to all the other three-niche examples. 1994 San Francisco & Northern Calif. (Eyewitness Trav.) 75 Decorative gables filled with ‘sunburst’ motifs are used on porches and window frames. 2. Architecture. One of the end walls of a building, having a triangular section at the top which extends from the eaves to the ridge of the roof; = gable end n. 1.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 1a. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > wall of building > [noun] > end wall > with triangular top gablec1390 gable endc1390 pike wall1440 pine-end1753 pinion-end1825 c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. iii. 50 Woldustow Glase þe Gable and graue þerinne þi nome. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 183 Gabyl, or gable, pykyd walle. 1474–5 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 289 In le dalbyng et le wyndyng interclose wallez, sydewallez, gawellez. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Exeter 273 The Houses stand sidewaies backward into their Yards, and onely endwaies with their Gables towards the Street. 1775 N. Kent Hints to Gentlemen 166 Every barn should be so contrived as to have a rick-staddle at each end, and a hole in each gable to pitch the corn into it. 1787 W. Marshall Provincialisms in Rural Econ. Norfolk II. 379 Flue, the coping of a gable or end-wall of a house. 1803 Gazetteer Scotl. at Kirkwall Towards the street, the ends or gables of the houses are placed. 1894 S. R. Crockett Lilac Sunbonnet ix. 77 The whole party sitting by the gable end (the ‘gavel’, as it was locally expressed) rose to their feet. 1916 J. J. H. Burgess Rasmie's Smaa Murr 25 Apr. Da pör man's draain-room is at da gaevel o da hoose. 1935 H. Heslop Last Cage Down i. xiii. 119 Bill squatted against a gable and relit his clay pipe. 2009 D. T. Yeomans How Structures Work v. 86 Between the windward gable and the flank walls there must be some compressive forces. †3. In a crank or crankshaft: each of the arms or plates connecting a crank pin to the main part of the shaft; = web n. 21d. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > other parts > [noun] > converters > cranks > part of web1843 gable1879 1879 Illustr. Sci. News 15 Sept. 212/1 The foreman then cuts the gable of the crank. 1929 T. Woodhouse Prepar. & Weaving Artific. Silk or Rayon xvi. 212 The main end gables..can carry suitable rails for tappet shedding. Compounds C1. General attributive (in senses 1, 2). ΚΠ 1563–4 in R. Adam Edinb. Rec. (1899) I. 469 Vj greitt garrownis to be interdaillis and gavill bands to the stairs. 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1579/1 By the force of the said wind, all the coping of one side of a great gable hed of bricke..was blowne quite ouer the house vnder which it stood. 1703 R. Neve City & Countrey Purchaser 88 There was three Gutters, and four Gable-heads. 1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. at Thak Thack-gate, the sloping edge of the gable-tops of a house, when the thatch covers them. 1855 M. Arnold Balder Dead ii, in Poems 2nd Ser. 23 And in Valhalla, from his gable perch, The golden-crested Cock began to crow. 1894 E. H. Barker Two Summers in Guyenne 67 A little old Gothic church with a gable-belfry. 1920 Pop. Sci. Monthly July 122/2 A ladder placed against the gable edge of a slanting roof is always wabbly and dangerous. 1949 P. H. Buck Coming of Maori 129 A carved head..was placed over the vertical join of the two barge-boards forming the gable apex. 2011 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 14 Jan. f2 We notice unsightly black mold growing around the gable vents and believe it to be from moisture in the attic. C2. In compounds relating to senses 1a, 2. gable coping n. a (sometimes decorative) course of brick, stone, etc., at the top of a gable (senses 1a, 2); cf. gable cresting n. ΚΠ 1846 Publ. Cambr. Antiquarian Soc. 1 29 This table is coupled with parpents, corbels and crestes, all shewing that the upper finishing of walls was in hand. The term therefore may belong to the common gable-coping represented in fig. 12. 1860 G. E. Street in Archaeologia Cantiana 3 115 Surmounted by a high-pitched roof, finished with gable-copings and crosses. 2011 A. Henry & J. Stewart Pract. Building Conservation 190/1 Separation of large sheets of mortar at high level is probably caused by water penetration via the joints in the gable coping. gable cresting n. now rare a (typically decorative) course of brick, stone, etc., at the top of a gable (senses 1a, 2); cf. gable coping n. ΚΠ 1881 Rep. Branch Penitentiary Commissioners Kentucky (Legislative Doc. No. 15 Kentucky Gen. Assembly) 87 282 feet gable cresting, at 40 cents. 1886 R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. III. 553 Elaborate gable-cresting of the time of James I. 1960 Mem. Amer. Acad. Rome 26 94 The height..of walls and columns was just equal to the height of the roof from the capitals to the peak of the gable cresting. gable fork n. now historical a timber (or one of a pair) which supports a gable or a pitched roof; cf. fork n. 7. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > roof > [noun] > gable gable1371 gable fork1371 piniona1400 gable end1596 festier1601 eagle1682 pignon1875 step-gable1921 1371 in W. H. D. Longstaffe & J. Booth Halmota Prioratus Dunelmensis (1889) 111 Reparabit unam grangiam de uno pare de siles et duobus gauilforks. 1903 PMLA 18 122 She goes out.., and during her absence her hut grows double in size, and the gable fork gains 12 feet in height and becomes a flowering tree. 1964 Ann. Assoc. Amer. Geographers 54 443/2 Instead of the customary gable cross-poles they introduced a fork principle: two gable forks supported a horizontal pole and a roof of thinner poles. 1990 Trad. Homes Aug. 95/2 In the seventeenth century, ‘gable forks’ were often put in to strengthen the framing. gable front n. a facade which incorporates or consists of a gable (senses 1a, 2); cf. gable-fronted adj. ΚΠ 1807 J. T. Smith Antiq. Westminster 189/1 Twelve large and square stones for several works for the wall near the gable front of the chapel. 1884 Mag. Amer. Hist. July 87/1 There are other wooden houses of a higher class, with tiled roofs and gable fronts, the upper story considerably overhanging the lower. 1989 J. A. Jakle et al. Common Houses America's Small Towns vi. 143/1 Many of these gable-front cottages originated as scaled-down imitations of similar looking..southern bungalows. 2017 Hull Daily Mail (Nexis) 22 May An impressive building..with a very ornate frontage with distinctive brickwork and gable front. gable-fronted adj. having a facade which incorporates or consists of a gable (senses 1a, 2). ΚΠ 1833 Knickerbocker July 71 The gable-fronted mansions of the Knickerbockers were considered the highest achmè of architectural splendour. 1906 Studio Oct. 32/2 There is a high gable-fronted house in dull grey rough casting..that because of its striking unfamiliarity compels attention. 2007 M. Bass et al. Wilkes County iii. 35 Churches were typically situated on knolls and hills. They were gable-fronted buildings that were later rebuilt or refaced with brick. gable-roofed adj. having a roof with two pitched surfaces and a gable (sense 1a) at each end; cf. gable roof n. ΚΠ 1727 B. Willis Surv. Cathedrals II. 334 The great Cross Isle or Transept is Gabell roof'd in a sloping Fashion. 1899 Sir E. Burne-Jones in J. W. Mackail Life W. Morris I. 51 Tumbly old buildings, gable-roofed and pebble-dashed. 1924 Bull. Newport Hist. Soc. Jan. 4 A gable roofed early style house often has an elaborate doorway, with fluted pilasters. 2015 J. Tevis World is on Fire i. 99 We happened upon this little white gable-roofed school at a crossroads and pulled over on a whim. gable-shaped adj. shaped like a gable (sense 1a), esp. in having a triangular or pointed upper section. ΚΠ 1839 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 9 143 A conspicuous gable-shaped hill rises in the distant range of mountains. 1905 C. Partridge Cross River Natives ix. 175 The gable-shaped roof rests on several large posts and cross-beams, and is built in situ, and not on the ground. 1997 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 30 May c25/3 A gable-shaped plaque of two martyred saints, made in Limoges, circa 1205. gable-topped adj. surmounted by a gable or gables (sense 1a); (also) having a top shaped like a gable. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > roof > [adjective] > gabled fastigious1625 gabled1791 gable-topped1836 gableted1853 step-gabled1937 1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) xiv. 138 It was a strange old place..with gable-topped windows projecting completely over the pathway. 1883 R. Gower My Reminisc. II. xxi. 31 A small gable-topped building. 1923 R. G. Collingwood Roman Brit. 86 A gable-topped canopy. 2010 Jerusalem Post (Nexis) 17 Sept. 18 The sprawling house at No. 10 has a gable-topped attic. gable wall n. a wall of a house or other building which is topped by a gable (sense 1a); cf. sense 2. ΚΠ 1392 Lincoln Cathedral Chapter Acts vi. f. 51^v Murus vocatus le Gable Wale existens in medio ecclesiae. 1442 Acct. in Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæol. Jrnl. (1901) 7 116 John Walschef v dayys to take a down ye gabul wall. 1545 MS Rec. Aberdeen in J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (1825) Suppl. at Bowaland He bowaland the said gavill wall on bayth the sidis. 1649 in A. Maxwell Hist. Old Dundee (1884) 422 [He ought] not to mak holls for putting of geasts in the gavel wall. 1785 W. Harrod & F. Peck Antiq. Stamford & St. Martin's II. vii. 451 A fire broke out..and had not a strong gable wall stopped it westward the whole inn probably had been destroyed. 1886 R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. II. 162 The space between the screen and the gable wall of the Hall. 1996 S. Deane Reading in Dark (1997) ii. 39 I left to play handball at the gable wall of the house at the end of the street. gable window n. a window in the gable (senses 1a, 2) of a building. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of window > [noun] > other types of window loop1393 shot-windowc1405 gable window1428 batement light1445 church window1458 shot1513 casement1538 dream-hole1559 luket1564 draw window1567 loop-window1574 loophole1591 tower-windowc1593 thorough lights1600 squinch1602 turret window1603 slit1607 close-shuts1615 gutter window1620 street lighta1625 balcony-window1635 clere-story window1679 slip1730 air-loop1758 Venetian1766 Venetian window1775 sidelight1779 lancet window1781 French casement1804 double window1819 couplet1844 spire-light1846 lancet1848 tower-light1848 triplet1849 bar-window1857 pair-light1868 nook window1878 coupled windows1881 three-light1908–9 north-light1919 storm window1933 borrowed light1934 Thermopane1941 storms1952 1428 in J. A. Kingdon Arch. Worshipful Company of Grocers (1886) II. 174 Þe end of þe sayd hale upe to þe halffe gabule wyndow at þe deyes. 1449–50 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Nov. 1449 §50. m. 8 A gavill wyndowe over a cloyster. 1633 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1871) III. 61 The southeast gavill windo of the said kirk. 1742 in J. G. Burnett Powis Papers (1951) 285 A big Sash Losen in the gavell Window of Ja: Baverlys house. 1822 E. J. Willson Gloss. Gothic Archit. 11/2 in A. Pugin Specimens Gothic Archit. (1823) II. The gable-windows of many of the English churches may boldly claim a comparison with the finest roses. 1918 Internat. Studio Aug. p. xxx/1 Looking over the courtyard are the gable windows of an old brick building that fronts on Beaver Street. 2008 ‘R. Keeland’ tr. S. Larsson Girl with Dragon Tattoo i. 15 The apartment had two dormer windows and a gable window with a view of the rooftops. Derivatives ˈgable-wise adv. in the manner of a gable (sense 1a), esp. forming a triangular shape similar to a gable. ΚΠ 1600 C. Edmondes Obseruations Fiue Bks. Caesars Comm. iv. vi. 142 These [trees] he let downe into the water..and droue them in with commanders, not perpendicularly, after the fashion of a pile, but gable wise and bending with the course of the water. 1617 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Cambr. (1886) I. 204 Ye west end..to be made gable wise. 1872 J. Ruskin Fors Clavigera II. xxi. 12 A branch or two of larch, set gable-wise across them. 1912 Youth's Compan. 25 Jan. 49/2 Make six or eight arches of the twigs, making each arch of two uprights, and two twigs above them slanting gablewise. 1996 Archaeol. Rep. for 1995–6 (Soc. for Promotion Hellenic Stud.) No. 42. 84/2 Many graves are a cappuccina with tiles propped up gable-wise. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2018; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † gablen.² Forms: Middle English gabul, Middle English gabull, Middle English–1500s gabel, Middle English–1500s gabulle, Middle English–1600s gable, 1500s gabyll, 1500s–1600s gabell. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: cable n. Etymology: Variant of cable n.Compare post-classical Latin gabela , gabella (1295, 1377 in British sources), variants of cabula cable n. Obsolete. 1. A rope, a cable, esp. one used on a ship. See also gable-rope n. at Compounds.Common in the 15th and 16th centuries. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > rope, cord, or line > cable cablec1275 scote1336 gablea1450 gable-ropec1500 cable-rope1523 a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) l. 3449 Alle þe Gables of þe shippe þey broston a-to. a1500 (a1400) Sir Eglamour (Cambr.) (1844) l. 1193 Hys gabulle and hys ropys euerechone Was portrayed verely. 1542 N. Vyllagon Lamentable & Piteous Treat. in Harleian Misc. (1808) I. 239 Our shyppes, losyng theyr ancres and theyr gables, were broken and beaten in peces. 1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias ix. 25^v Those which watched in the shippe Berrio, felt the gabell of the same wagging. ?1615 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses (new ed.) v. 78 The Nymph then brought Linnen for sailes; which, with dispatch, he wrought. Gables, and halsters, tacklings. 1681 in Bucks. Rec. Soc. (1988) No. 24. 162 To loade timber with a Gable and a dung cart. 2. figurative and in figurative contexts. A bond; a chain. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > restriction of free action > [noun] > that which fetterOE shackle?c1225 cagec1300 chainc1374 to cut a large thong of another man's leatherc1380 corda1382 gablea1555 obligation1582 hamper1613 tethera1628 girdlea1630 confiner1654 trammela1657 cramp1719 swathe1864 tie1868 lockstep1963 society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restriction or limitation > [noun] > of free action > that which fetterOE shackle?c1225 cagec1300 chainc1374 to cut a large thong of another man's leatherc1380 corda1382 gablea1555 obligation1582 manacle1587 hamper1613 tethera1628 girdlea1630 confiner1654 trammela1657 cramp1719 swathe1864 tie1868 a1555 J. Bradford in M. Coverdale Certain Lett. Martyrs (1564) 432 Kepe your anker of fayth to cast out in tyme of trouble on the rocke of Gods worde and mercye in Christ, by the gable of gods veritye. 1602 Contention Liberalitie & Prodigalitie ii. iv. sig. C3^v Sweet Money, that gables of bondage vnbindes. 1675 Maids Complaint against Batchelors 5 Such Slippery Blades are not to be trusted without being Tyed to the good Behaviour with the Enchanted Gable of a For Better for Worse. Compounds gable-long adj. rare having a long, thin shape resembling a rope or cable. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [adjective] > relating to cable gable-like1607 gable-long1608 1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 30 She twyneth her gable-long bodie about his necke. gable-rope n. a rope or cable; = sense 1. ΚΠ c1500 Debate Carpenter's Tools in Rev. Eng. Stud. (1987) 38 459 ‘Softe, ser,’ seyd þe gabull-rope. ‘Me thinke gode ale is in ȝour tope.’ 1523 J. Skelton Goodly Garlande of Laurell sig. D From the anker he kuttyth the gabyll rope. 1646 E. Leigh Critica Sacra: Philol. Observ. (ed. 2) 205/1 Κάμιλος, which differs but one letter from this word, signifieth funem nauticum, a gable-rope, or cord. 1678–9 in F. W. Steer Farm & Cottage Inventories of Mid-Essex 1635–1749 (1969) 150 Nettes and sackes, millbills, gabellrope. Derivatives gable-like adj. rare that resembles a rope or cable. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [adjective] > relating to cable gable-like1607 gable-long1608 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 199 Reuenge of malice is to little to satisfie a Serpent, she twineth her gable-like-body about the throat of the amazed Elephant. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2018; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † gablev.¹ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: gable n.² Etymology: < gable n.² Obsolete. rare. transitive. Perhaps: to stretch ropes across (a street). Cf. gable n.² 1. ΚΠ 1649 Briefe Relation Some Affaires & Trans. No. 6. 52 They had gabled all their streets. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2018; most recently modified version published online September 2019). gablev.² Brit. /ˈɡeɪbl/, U.S. /ˈɡeɪb(ə)l/, Scottish English /ˈɡebl/ Forms: see gable n.¹; also 1900s gabeling (present participle, U.S.). Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: gable n.¹ Etymology: < gable n.¹ †1. intransitive. Scottish. To erect a gable wall. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1662 in C. S. Romanes Sel. Rec. Regality of Melrose (1915) II. 34 That the said David Broun..granted him to have gavelled upon Andro Carnecroce with leave asked and given. 2. Chiefly Architecture. a. transitive. To provide (a roof) with a gable or gables; to construct (a roof) in the form of a gable roof, with two pitched surfaces and a gable (gable n.¹ 1a) at each end. Also: to make (the lid of an object) in a shape which resembles a gable roof. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > build or provide with specific parts [verb (transitive)] > roof > form with gable gable1736 1736 B. Langley City & Country Builder's Treasury 2 Two Varieties of framing irregular single Roofs which are hipp'd at one End, and gabled at the other. 1874 J. T. Micklethwaite Mod. Parish Churches ii. 23 Its roof must be gabled. 1888 J. Phelan Hist. Tennessee ii. 25 The roof is either level, or one side is lower than the other, or it is gabled by erecting ridge-poles running the length of the cabin. 1902 Brit. Architect 19 Sept. 212/1 The church itself is redeemed..from positive ugliness by its roofing, that of the nave and aisles being gabled separately, and not contained beneath one mountainous mass. 1933 11th Rep. & Inventory Monuments & Constr. Fife, Kinross & Clackmannan 102/1 Its roof has been gabled at a considerably higher level than the gable of the wall on which it abuts. 1984 World Archaeol. 16 207 Other lids were gabled to make the sarcophagus look like a shrine. b. intransitive. Of a roof or building: to have a gable or gables (gable n.¹ 1a, 2). Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > roof > [verb (intransitive)] > form gables gable1848 1848 B. Webb Sketches Continental Ecclesiol. i. 14 The roofs of all four arms of the great cross are extremely high; but though gabling nobly in the nave and transept fronts, and ending apsidally in the choir, they are all four hipped in the most ugly way, instead of gabling on the central lantern. 1877 Archaeol. Jrnl. 34 331 I think it probable that all the chapels gabled towards the east. 2014 J. Morey One Secret Night 204 The roof gabled on the right and ran into a second story balcony. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1371n.²a1450v.¹1649v.²1662
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gablen.1

Compounds

Derivatives

† gablen.2

Compounds

Derivatives

† gablev.1

gablev.2

gablen.¹

† gablen.²

† gablev.¹

gablev.²