fryn.1
/frʌɪ/, U.S. /fraɪ/ 1. Offspring, progeny, seed, young (of human beings); a man's children or family; rarely, a child. Now obsolete except as transferred from sense 3.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > [noun]
bairn830
childOE
foodc1225
whelp?c1225
birtha1325
first-begottenc1384
conceptiona1398
impc1412
heir1413
foddera1425
fryc1480
collop?1518
increase1552
spawn1589
under-bougha1661
prognate1663
chickadee1860
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > [noun] > progeny or offspring
bairn-teamc885
childeOE
tudderc897
seedOE
teamOE
wastum971
offspringOE
i-cundeOE
fostera1175
i-streonc1175
strainc1175
brooda1300
begetc1300
barm-teamc1315
issuea1325
progenyc1330
fruit of the loinsa1340
bowel1382
young onec1384
suita1387
engendrurea1400
fruitinga1400
geta1400
birth?a1425
porturec1425
progenityc1450
bodyfauntc1460
generation1477
fryc1480
enfantement1483
infantment1483
blood issue1535
propagation1536
offspring1548
race1549
family?1552
increase1552
breed1574
begetting1611
sperm1641
bed1832
fruitage1850
c1480 (a1400) St. George 867 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 201 Fourty thousand wane to þe fay, outakine wemene & ȝung fry.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. iii. 33 Noe, to the and to thi fry My blyssyng graunt I.
?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 51 I..maid bot fulis of the fry of his first wif.
1564 W. Bullein Dialogue against Fever Pestilence f. 8 Commaunde your folkes to departe out of the Chamber, and your yonge frie also.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iv. ii. 85 What you Egge? Yong fry of Treachery. View more context for this quotation
1624 F. Quarles Sions Elegies i. 5 Thy tender frie Whom childhood taught no language, but their crie T' expresse their infant griefe.
2. The roe (of a female fish).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > [noun] > spawn > of female
fryc1430
hard roe1800
c1430 Two Cookery-bks. i. 16 Take fayre Frye of Pyke, and caste it raw on a morter.
c1440 Anc. Cookery in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 469 Take frye of female pike, and pille away the skyn.
1869 J. C. Atkinson Peacock's Gloss. Dial. Hundred of Lonsdale To shoot one's fry, to make a last effort without success. Derived from the analogy of a female herring, who having shot her fry, has done all she can do in the course of nature.]
3.
a. Young fishes just produced from the spawn; spec. the young of salmon in the second year, more fully salmon fry.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > [noun] > young > collective
brood1389
fry1389
menise?c1425
small fry1577
minutes1598
foul1765
fish-fry1951
the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > family Salmonidae (salmon) > [noun] > genus Salmo > salmo salar (salmon) > in second year or smolt
fry1389
smolt1469
sprod1617
smelta1634
skegger1653
salmonsews1672
salmon smelt1681
hepper1861
fish-fry1951
1389 Act 13 Rich. II c. 19 §1 Stalkers..par les quelles le frie ou brood des salmons laumpreis..pourra estre pris.
1462 Mann. & Househ. Exp. (Roxb.) 562 Grete carpes and many oare smale and myche ffrye.
1531–2 Act 23 Hen. VIII c. 18 Broode and frie of fisshe in the saide riuer..be commonly therby distroied.
1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 682 Fyne foullis in Fyrth, and Fischis with fry.
1589 J. Sparke in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 542 There is an innumerable yong frie of these flying fishes.
1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi v. §2. 147 The force of windes may suddenly sweep away little frey out of ponds.
1677 Mr. Johnson Let. 16 Apr. in J. Ray Corr. (1848) 128 In Cumberland, the [salmon] fishers have four distinctions of yearly growth (after the first summer, when they call them free, or frie, as we smowts, or smelts)..young fry of other fishes.
1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 287 They feed..sometimes on their own fry.
1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon i. 75 The young salmon fry, or gravellers.
1861 Act 24 & 25 Victoria c. 109. §4 Fish of the genus salmon, whether known by the names..salmon..burntail, fry, samlet, [etc.].
b. Applied to the young of other creatures produced in very large numbers, e.g. bees, frogs.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > family unit > [noun] > offspring or young > quantity born > produced in large numbers
fry1577
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Four Bks. Husb. (1586) 903 Combs..which contain the young spawn or fry of the Bees.
1609 C. Butler Feminine Monarchie vii. sig. I6 The Bees, specially the yong frie, being laded and wearie with their labour..are beaten downe.
1622 T. Dekker & P. Massinger Virgin Martir ii. sig. D4 A bed of Snakes..whose poysonous spawne Ingenders such a fry of speckled villainies.
1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 832 A race obscene, Spawned in the muddy beds of Nile..And the land stank—so numerous was the fry.
1851 S. P. Woodward Man. Mollusca i. 10 The fry of the aquatic races are almost as different from their parents as the caterpillar from the butterfly.
c. figurative.
ΚΠ
1599 T. Heywood 1st Pt. King Edward IV sig. C2 This hedge-bred Rascall, this filthy frie of ditches, A vengeance take you all.
1607 S. Hieron Ruine Gods Enemies in Wks. (1620) I. 442 They come from the sea of Rome..to beget a new spawne and frie of catholikes.
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 459 The Sunne..together with his frie (whole armies of Gnats).
1806 T. S. Surr Winter in London II. viii. 199 It was reserved for the present day to bring forth a fry of young critic imps.
4. Hence, as a collective term for young or insignificant beings: now chiefly with modifying word, esp. in small fry n.
a. The smaller kinds of fish or other animals.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > animal body > [noun] > small animal > smaller kinds
fry1667
1667 J. Dryden Annus Mirabilis 1666 cciii. 52 The huge Leviathans..attend their prey: And give no chace, but swallow in the frie.
1674 Pulleyn in Flatman's Poems 2/2 Let your eye Wander, and see one of the lesser frie..Ruffle his painted feathers, and look big.
1674 N. Cox Gentleman's Recreation i. 56 We bring out not onely Pike and Carp, but lesser Fry.
1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xvi. 465 This small Fry I take to be the top of their Fishery: they have no Instruments to catch great Fish.
1718 M. Prior Solomon on Vanity i, in Poems Several Occasions (new ed.) 401 Of fishes next..From the small fry that glide on Jordan's stream..To that Leviathan.
1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. vii. 161 A lake..which..swarmed with small fry.
1873 G. C. Davies Mountain, Meadow & Mere xiii. 101 One of the small fry..is hopping about on the grass.
b. Young or insignificant persons (collectively or in a body); a ‘swarm’ or crowd of such persons.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > person > young person > [noun] > young people collectively
youngeOE
youthc897
maidhooda1200
youngth1484
youthhead1562
frya1577
younkery1594
Jack and Jill1621
jeunesse1673
youthhood1690
juvenility1823
jeunesse dorée1828
flaming youth1923
yoof1986
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > one who is unimportant > of little importance > collectively
littleOE
frya1577
small fry1652
potato1757
small beer1777
a1577 G. Gascoigne Posies in Wks. (1587) 303 To make their coine a net to catch yong frie.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. xii. sig. L8 Them before, the fry of children yong..Did play.
1607 F. Beaumont Woman Hater iii. iii. sig. E4 The whole frie in a Colledge, or an Inne of Court.
1641 J. Milton Of Prelatical Episc. 2 To that indigested heap, and frie of Authors.
1738 T. Birch Life Milton in J. Milton Wks. I. 27 A public School to teach all the young Fry of a Parish.
1745 J. Swift Ode to Sir W. Temple in Misc. X. 198 As in a Theatre the Ignorant Fry, Because the Cords escape their Eye Wonder to see the Motions fly.
1799 Morning Post in Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1800) III. 122 The fresh fry so constantly emerging from the scholastic trammels of Eton.
1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin I. ix. 125 Mrs. Bird..followed by the two eldest boys, the smaller fry having, by this time, been safely disposed of in bed.
1878–82 C. Fleet Our Ancestors in Sussex 1st Ser. 122 Chambermaids, and all the fry who feed on the little weaknesses of humanity.
1885 J. Payn Talk of Town II. 99 Compared with [Sheridan], all other managers were small fry.
c. of inanimate things.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > plurality > great number, numerousness > [noun] > a large number or multitude > of things
many-whatc1175
much thinga1393
fry1587
shoal1639
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant > of little importance or trivial > collectively
fiddle-faddle1577
fry1587
small beer1620
pigs and whistles1681
trantlesa1689
rattletrap1742
fewtrils1763
fritter1803
nugae1822
small beer1844
trick1877
trivia1902
1587 J. Higgins Mirour for Magistrates (new ed.) Bladud xvi An heape of hurtes..a fry of foule decayes.
1650 D. Hotham in tr. C. Hotham Introd. Teutonick Philos. To Author sig. A3v Few have attained its height in this last Frie of Books.
1652 P. Heylyn Cosmographie iii. sig. Xxx4 South of Japan, lieth a great frie of Islands.
a1797 H. Walpole in Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (1886) We have burned two frigates, and a hundred and twenty small fry.
1859 J. M. Jephson & L. Reeve Narr. Walking Tour Brittany iv. 38 Having sold his eggs, rags, and other small fry.
1861 Sat. Rev. 7 Dec. 591 The smaller fry of Christmas Books.
Derivatives
ˈfryhood n. the state of being ‘fry’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [noun] > ovum or ootid > types of ovum > state of being
fryhood1884
1884 Longman's Mag. 3 531 An abdominal pouch, where they [the eggs] are..nourished during their early fryhood.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
fryn.2
/frʌɪ/, U.S. /fraɪ/ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [noun] > excessive heat
overheatlOE
fry1634
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 187 Their colour is blacke (liuing in the scorching frie of the Torrid Zone).
2.
a. Food cooked in a frying pan; fried meat.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > food by way of preparation > [noun] > cooked food > fried food
fry1639
skirl-in-the-pan1816
johnnycake1831
hash cake1868
fry-up1967
1639 J. Mayne Citye Match iii. ii This came from The Indies, and eats five Crownes a day in frye, Oxe livers, and browne past.
1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xviii. 169 Cook promises a little fry for supper.
a1850 D. G. Rossetti Dante & Circle (1874) i. 226 I get my dinner, you your supper, free; And, if I bite the fat, you suck the fry.
b. dialect. Applied locally to various internal parts of animals, usually eaten fried.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > part or joint of animal > [noun] > pluck, offal, or tripe
tripea1300
numblesc1330
tripea1400
chitterling?c1400
giblet14..
hasletc1400
umbles14..
womb cloutc1400
garbage1422
offala1425
interlardc1440
hinge1469
draught?a1475
mugget1481
paunch1512
purtenance1530
pertinence1535
chawdron1578
menudes1585
humblesa1592
gut?1602
pluck1611
sheep's-pluck1611
fifth quarter1679
trail1764
fry1847
chitling1869
small goods1874
black tripe1937
variety meat1942
1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Fry, the pluck of a calf. North.
1877 F. Ross et al. Gloss. Words Holderness Fry, the viscera of a pig, or other animal, generally cooked in a frying-pan.
1879 W. Dickinson Gloss. Words & Phrases Cumberland (ed. 2) Suppl. Fry, pig's liver. ‘Mudder sent us a fry o't' killin' day.’
1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. (at cited word) The products of lambs' castration are called lamb's fries.
1894 R. D. Blackmore Perlycross I. xiv. 205 A dish of lamb's fry reposing among its parsley.
Draft additions June 2007
North American. An outdoor social event at which food is cooked and eaten. Frequently with modifying word, as chicken fry, etc. Recorded earliest in fish-fry n. at fish n.1 Compounds 2b.
ΚΠ
1824 ‘A. Singleton’ Lett. from South & West 66 Fish-fries are held about once in a fortnight.
1897 Decatur (Illinois) Daily Rev. 10 Sept. 4/3 The chicken fry held in the Mt. Zion M. E. churchyard.
1936 Lima (Ohio) Sunday News 4 Oct. 27/2 The junior class held a hamburger fry.
1955 Sheboygan (Wisconsin) Press 12 July 12/7 The Girls' League for Service held a fry on Monday evening.
1996 Providence (Rhode Island) Jrnl.-Bull. (Nexis) 22 Aug. (East Bay ed.) 1 d The..Lions Club is holding its second annual fry at 4 p.m.
2001 P. Fitzgerald in Granta Summer 243 The get-together, the chicken-fry.
Draft additions June 2007
Originally North American. A stick or baton of potato, fried or otherwise cooked in oil or fat and eaten hot; a French fry (see French fries n. at French adj. and n. Compounds 1b). Later also (frequently with modifying word): a piece of another vegetable cooked and served in a similar way. Usually in plural. Cf. chip n.2 2c.
ΚΠ
1947 Vidette Messenger (Valparaiso, Indiana) 4 Apr. 5/7 (advt.) Large Hamburger, with Fries.
1972 G. Lucas et al. Amer. Graffiti (film script) 49 A double Chubby Chuck, fries,..and two cherry cokes.
1989 Caterer & Hotelkeeper 7 Sept. 2/1 Consumers demand and expect a fry that remains crisp and golden.
2000 N.Y. Mag. 3 Jan. 46/3 Salad, yam fries, and a fabulous BLT.
2006 Advertising Age (Nexis) 6 Feb. 9 Milk and fruit in place of soda and fries in its kids' meals.
Draft additions June 2007
Irish English. A meal consisting of any of various fried foods, typically including egg, bacon, sausage, and potato bread, and traditionally eaten for breakfast. Cf. fry-up n., Ulster fry n. at Ulster n. 4c.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > meal > [noun] > breakfast or morning meal
forme-metea1175
breakfast1463
disjune1491
jentation1599
jenticulation1658
meat breakfast1728
English breakfast1773
déjeuner1787
dejeune1788
fork-breakfast1812
tea-breakfast1825
cooked breakfast1848
chota hazri1863
hunt-breakfast1877
petit déjeuner1879
brekker1889
brekkie1904
Continental breakfast1911
prayer breakfast1930
Oslo breakfast1937
fry1959
1959 S. Watson Double Hook I. iii. 14 I might as well be dead for all of her, Ara said. Passing her own son's house and never offering a fry even today when he's off and gone with the post.
1967 W. Macken Brown Lord of Mountain xv. 139 ‘I know what you have for breakfast.’ ‘What?’ he asked. ‘Cereal,’ she said, ‘and a fry on Sundays’.
1988 D. Madden Birds of Innocent Wood iii. 43 The same motherly woman..served them with breakfast: two large greasy fries, each with a soft fried egg.
2004 Belfast News Let. (Nexis) 15 May 10 It is mostly enjoyed at breakfast or brunch..with only 10 per cent enjoying a fry after 6pm!
Draft additions September 2008
fry cook n. North American a cook who specializes in preparing the fried or grilled foods at a restaurant.
ΚΠ
1890 Daily News (Frederick, Maryland) 30 Apr. The fourth cook is known as the ‘fry’ cook, and everything that needs to be fried is given to him. He has little to do at dinner time, but has his hands full at breakfast and supper.
1944 Fortune Mar. 144 (caption) Almost nothing is fried, as the idleness of the fry cook in the picture to the right indicates.
2000 A. Bourdain Kitchen Confid. (2001) 31 Lord it over the salad men and fry cooks and prep drones at less successful restaurants.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
† fryn.3
Obsolete. rare.
‘A kind of sieve’ (Johnson).
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > sifting > [noun] > sieve
sievec725
riddereOE
hair-sievea1100
riddlelOE
sift1499
try?a1500
searcer1540
range-sieve1542
ranging sieve1548
cribble1565
cribe1570
screen1573
sifter1611
scryc1615
clensieve1623
cernicle1657
incernicle1657
ranch-sievea1665
duster1667
drum1702
fry1707
harp1788
lawn-sieve1804
trial1825
separator1830
lawn1853
shaker1906
chinois1937
microscreen1959
1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry 270 He dresseth the Dust from it [Malt], by running it thro' a Fan or Frie.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2021).
fryv.1
/frʌɪ/, U.S. /fraɪ/ 1.
a. transitive. To cook (food) with fat in a shallow pan over the fire. With up: to ‘hot up’ (cold food) in a frying pan.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > cook [verb (transitive)] > fry
fryc1290
frayc1450
frizzle1858
c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 187/86 Þat grece of him orn a-brod: ase þei it frijnge were.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 111 Þet ilke bread..wes ymad of oure doȝe..and yfryd ine þe panne of þe crouche.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. i. 1109 Fleissh of bestes is somtyme yrosted and somtyme yfryed.
a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 21 Take onyons and..Frye hom in grece.
1486 Bk. St. Albans C iij a Take a blacke snake..and fry it in an erthyn potte.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 158 Vne póylle, a fryeng pan to frye any meate in.
1597 W. Langham Garden of Health 95 Frie it with sheepes suet, and apply it to bruses.
1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper iii. 61 A very good Way to fry Beef Stakes.
1805 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 14 65 The tender leaves are very commonly..fried with other herbs.
1875 M. Jewry Warne's Model Cookery 21/1 Frying being actually boiling in fat instead of water.
1899 G. B. Burgin Bread of Tears i. v ‘What are you cooking there, Fenella? It smells good.’ ‘Frying up the cold fowl,’ said Fenella.
b. Phrases: fry your eggs: mind your own business. to have other fish to fry (see fish n.1 Phrases 2).
ΚΠ
1841 G. P. R. James Brigand ii Fry your eggs, Gandelot, and leave other people to fry theirs.
1864 Notes & Queries 3rd Ser. 6 495/1 Cornish Proverbs..Fry me for a fool and you'll lose your fat in frying.
c. to fry the fat out of: to subject to extortion. to fry out fat: to obtain money by pressure. U.S. slang.
ΚΠ
1890 Congr. Rec. 10 July 7088/1 That process which in the U.S. is called the ‘frying of fat’ out of people.
1890 Congr. Rec. 16 July 7790/1 I did not suppose there had been any authority of law for ‘frying the fat’ out of the manufacturers in the last presidential campaign.
1904 Nation (N.Y.) 28 Apr. 321 His main qualification is admitted to be that of a good collector of funds. No one could, in the historic phrase, fry out more fat.
2. transferred and figurative.† a. transitive. To torture (a person) by fire; to burn or scorch (anything) with effects analogous to those of frying; sometimes hyperbolically, of the heat of the sun, etc. Obsolete.to fry a faggot: see faggot n. 2a.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > torture > [verb (transitive)] > roast or torture by fire
roastc1300
frya1382
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > subjection or exposure to heat or fire > subject or expose to heat or fire [verb (transitive)] > damage or injure by heat or fire > scorch
scorklec1374
bristle1483
scorch1511
birsle1513
sparch1532
scrimplea1572
bescorch1582
scorch1602
sizzle1603
fry1695
char1805
Phrygianize1836
swinge1844
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Jer. xxix. 22 As Achab whom friede [L. frixit] the king of Babiloyne.
c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 11 Þou schalt be rostyd and fryed in þe fyir of helle!
?1531 J. Frith Disput. Purgatorye i. sig. c2 He will not frye vs in ye fyre of purgatorye for oure sinnes.
1588 A. King tr. P. Canisius Cathechisme or Schort Instr. Prayers 27 My banes as it ver in ane frying panne ar fried.
1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer viii. 2700 When we were boyld and fryde, in blood and fire.
1695 R. Blackmore Prince Arthur iv. 121 Raging Sirius Fries the thirsty Land.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 419 So when with crackling Flames a Cauldron fries, The bubling Waters from the Bottom rise.
b. To execute in the electric chair; also intransitive, to be executed thus. U.S. slang.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > execute [verb (intransitive)] > be executed in electric chair
fry1929
to ride the lightning1932
society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > execute [verb (transitive)] > electrocute
electrocute1889
fry1929
1929 Flynn's 17 Aug. 702/2 I'll fry for it, I suppose—that's the law, Doc.
1934 A. Merritt Burn Witch Burn! v. 68 They'll laugh themselves sick an' fry us at Sing Sing.
1956 ‘J. Wyndham’ Seeds of Time 107 You'll hang or you'll fry, every one of you.
3. intransitive. To undergo the operation of cooking with fat in a pan. rare in lit. sense. to fry in one's own grease (also †in passive): originally transferred, said e.g. of persons burning alive, and figurative to be tormented by one's own passions; now only, to suffer the consequences of one's own folly.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > mental anguish or torment > suffer anguish or torment [verb (intransitive)] > by one's own passions or folly
to fry in one's own greasec1386
the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > foolishness, folly > be or become foolish [verb (intransitive)] > act foolishly > suffer as a result
to fry in one's own greasec1386
c1386 G. Chaucer Wife of Bath's Prol. 487 In his owene grece I made him frye For angre, and for verray Jalousye.
a1400 Coer de L. 4409 Beter it is that we out renne, Thenne as wrehches in house to brenne, And frye inne oure owne gres!
a1415 J. Lydgate Temple Glas (1891) 14 Thus is he fryed in his owene gres, To-rent & torn with his owene rage.
1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue i. xi. sig. Eiiiv She is as fiers, as a lyon of cotsolde. She fryeth in her owne grease.
1690 T. Burnet Theory of Earth iii. 78 Let..the woods and forests blaze away, and the fat soyl of the earth fry in its own grease; these things will not affect us [the rocks and mountains].
4. transferred.† d. said of a feeling, passion, etc. Obsolete.
a. To undergo the action of fire or intense heat, with effects resembling those of frying; to frizzle, burn with a sputter or exudation of juices. †Formerly often of persons tormented by fire; also hyperbolically.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > be hot [verb (intransitive)] > undergo heat > intense
fry?1531
?1531 J. Frith Disput. Purgatorye i. sig. e8v Thinkest thou to be iustefied by fryinge in purgatorye?
1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xii. 117 Luke gif ȝour partie prydis yame in thair spurring, Keipand the feildis, and fryis not in thair furring.
1583 J. Lyly To Author in T. Watson Poems (1870) 29 A sworde frieth in the fire like a blacke ele.
1602 B. Jonson Poetaster i. i. sig. A4 Earth, and Seas in fire and flames shall frye . View more context for this quotation
1619 M. Drayton Legend Pierce Gaueston in Poems (rev. ed.) 356 Fuell to that fire, Wherein He fry'd.
1647 J. Trapp Comm. Evangelists & Acts (Matt. vii. 6) The Smiths forge fries, when cold water is cast upon it.
1656 A. Cowley Incurable in Mistress ii As well might men who in a feaver fry, Mathematique doubts debate.
1664 E. Waller Late War Spain 84 Spices and Gums about them melting fry.
a1711 T. Ken Wks. (1721) IV. 529 Tho' frying where the Sun all Day Shoots perpendicular fierce Ray.
1715 R. Bentley Serm. Popery 18 What Heart could bear, that his dead Father should fry in the flames of Purgatory..?
1886 A. Winchell Walks & Talks in Geol. Field 152 Caking-coals, when ignited, seem to fry with an exudation of a fluid petroleum.
b. with adverbs up, out expressing the result of heating.
ΚΠ
1630 T. May Contin. Lucan v. 471 The metalls melted by the Sunne, fry'd vp.
1694 Acc. Late Voy. ii. (1711) 177 When the Fat is well tryed or fryed out.
1816 Chron. in Ann. Reg. 1 The heat of the stove made the rosin in the wood to fry out.
c. figurative. Of a person: To burn with strong passion or emotion. Also reflexive in same sense.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > become ardent or fervent [verb (intransitive)] > burn with passion
forburnc893
burnc1000
wallOE
blaze?c1225
flame1377
boilc1386
fry1568
broil1600
glow1623
the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > ardent or fervent [verb (reflexive)] > burn with passion
fry1568
1568 T. Howell Arbor of Amitie f. 10v I rage and rewe I frie and freese.
1573 J. Davidson Breif Commendatioun Vprichtnes xl. 163 Thay fryit in furie that he schaipit quick.
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 2 Thus she frying fretted, thus deepely plunged in anger Æolian kingdoom shee raught.
1591 J. Lyly Endimion v. iii. sig. I4 In the moment that I feared his falsehoode, and fryed my selfe most in myne affections.
1646 R. Fanshawe tr. B. Guarini Pastor Fido (1676) 192 The happiest Pair that this day fry Under the torrid Zone of Love.
1702 C. Beaumont J. Beaumont's Psyche (new ed.) i. ccxviii. 13 Whether she walks, or sits, or stands, or lies, Her wretched self still in her self she fries.
1767 Babler I. 97 I sat frying the whole time, from a conscious incapacity to please.
1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker I. 108 My uncle, frying with vexation, cried, [etc.].
1842 T. Martin in Fraser's Mag. Dec. 26 652/2 I lay frying with impatience to hear the clatter of cups.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > become ardent or fervent [verb (intransitive)] > burn (of passion)
burnc825
blaze?c1225
boilc1386
fry1563
flamea1591
glow1623
1563 A. Neville in B. Googe Eglogs Epytaphes & Sonettes sig. F.iiii Here fyre & flames by Fancie framde, In brest doo broyle and frye.
1581 T. Howell His Deuises sig. B.iiv Thus loue at once doth frye, freese, ryse and fall.
1600 E. Fairfax Godfrey of Bulloigne i. xxxiii. 7 What kindling motions in their brests doe frie?
a. Of water: To be agitated, boil, seethe, foam. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > gas > gas or air in liquid or effervescence > effervesce [verb (intransitive)] > foam or froth
foamc950
spumec1400
creamc1440
ream1440
fry1590
mantle1595
froth1603
sud1603
freathe1786
sponge1790
yeast1880
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. xii. sig. Aa4v Ye might haue seene the frothy billowes fry Vnder the ship.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 422 Thus when a black-brow'd Gust begins to rise, White Foam at first on the curl'd Ocean fries.
b. To ferment; to seethe (in the stomach). Of lime: To slake. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > digest [verb (intransitive)] > digestive processes
fry1624
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > lime materials > actions of lime materials [verb (intransitive)] > slake
fry1624
slack1700
slacken1703
slake1766
1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia iii. ii. 44 As much barley boyled with water for a man a day, and this having fryed some 26 weekes in the ships hold, contained as many wormes as graines.
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §52 To keep the Oyle from frying in the Stomach, you must drinke..Milde Beere after it.
1647 J. Trapp Mellificium Theol. in Comm. Epist. & Rev. 619 Cast water upon this lime, it will fry the faster.
Derivatives
ˈfrying adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > [adjective] > burning or inflamed (of passions)
chafedc1330
burninga1400
ferventa1400
scaldingc1400
flagrant?1521
frying1587
incensed1612
warmed1700
white-hot1833
afire1846
akindle1869
1587 G. Turberville Tragicall Tales f. 65 Whose frying hartes with Cupids coles did melte.
a1592 R. Greene Mamillia (1593) ii. sig. D2 So discontinuance should be of sufficient force to quench out the frying flames of loue.
Draft additions March 2008
transitive. slang (originally U.S.).
a. to fry a person's brain: to impair a person's mental function. Used chiefly in the context of drug use or mental exhaustion.
ΚΠ
1971 Alleged Drug Abuse in Armed Services (U.S. House Comm. on Armed Services) 1881 He often has hallucinations... As one authority put it, speed really fries your brain.
1985 N.Y. Times 24 Aug. 13/3 A correspondent for The Berkeley Barb, who's obviously fried his brain with assorted chemical substances.
1999 Student Times 2 Oct. 8/2 These trigger latent psychiatric problems which could fry your brain, making you insane.
2000 Independent 20 Sept. (Review section) 5/4 Anuff was frying his brain trying to watch seven screens at once.
b. To cause (an electronic device) to short-circuit or malfunction.
ΚΠ
1980 Professional Motor Vehicle Theft (U.S. Senate Comm. on Governmental Affairs) 333 He did manage to get voltage on the microelectronics,..and he fried those electronics, so that they were incapacitated.
1993 A. Toffler & H. Toffler War & Anti-war iv. xvi. 149 Such weapons cause no overt physical damage but can ‘fry’ the components of radar, electronic networks, and computers.
2000 G. Lucas Star Wars Episode I: Phantom Menace 15 Sorry, Master, the water fried my weapon.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
fryv.2
/frʌɪ/, U.S. /fraɪ/ rare.
intransitive. To swarm.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of people or animals > in large numbers
thringOE
threngc1175
crowda1400
flocka1400
swarm1526
growl1542
throngc1565
shoala1618
horde1801
bike1805
fry1816
hotch1893
1816 L. Hunt Story of Rimini ii. 171 Plashy pools with rushes, About whose sides the swarming insects fry, Opening with noisome din, as they go by.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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