单词 | fardel |
释义 | fardeln.1 archaic. 1. a. A bundle, a little pack; a parcel. Also collective. Occasionally in plural. Baggage (of a company of men). ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > a journey > [noun] > equipment for a journey > baggage trousseauc1230 harnessc1330 fardel1388 flittinga1400 stuff?a1400 baggagec1430 trussellc1440 carriagec1450 trussagec1500 traffic1538 trussery1548 traffe1566 sumpture1567 truss1587 needment1590 luggage1596 sumptery1620 piece1809 traps1813 roll-up1831 dunnage1834 kit1834 way baggage1836 swag1853 drum1861 swag bag1892 the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > pack or parcel pack1228 fardel1388 trussellc1440 pauchlea1450 butt1470 fardellage1489 trusser1519 parcel1692 package1757 packet1803 wrappage1883 compactum1907 bindle1916 1388 Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) Ruth ii. 9 Also if thou thirstist go to the fardels and drynke watris. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 24947 (MED) Wid all þair fardel and þair fere þai com till land. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5004 Þai..did þair fardels be vndon. a1400–50 Alexander 5136 Foure hundreth Olifaunts in fere þis fardille to bere. c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) i. 273 This ferdell of gere I ley vp my bakke. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) iii. 432 Sum..on his bak ber a fardele. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lii. 176 He promysed to serue me and to bere my fardel. 1557 Bible (Whittingham) Acts xxi. 15 We trussed vp our fardeles and went vp to Ierusalem. a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iv. iv. 754 There lyes such Secrets in this Farthell and Box, which none must know but the King. 1681 J. Evelyn Let. 6 Dec. in S. Pepys Private Corr. (1926) I. 15 'Tis not easily to be imagined the sea and ocean of papers, treaties and other pieces, that I have ben faine to saile throug..note, and digest. 1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy II. ix. 59 A little diminutive pony..under such a fardel. 1835 J. Hogg Tales Wars Montrose I. 41 You are to walk behind Lady Jane, and carry her fardel. 1853 E. Bulwer-Lytton My Novel II. v. xv. 69 The tinker..resumed his fardel, and..followed Leonard towards the town. b. The omasum, or third stomach, of ruminants. Also fardel-bag. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > [noun] > ruminant > parts of > stomach > third omasum1553 omasus1658 feck1681 manyplies1782 psalterium1840 fardel1862 1862 Chambers's Encycl. IV. 245/1 Fardel-bound, a disease of cattle and sheep, consists of impaction of the fardel bag. 1908 Animal Managem. (War Office) 16 The..‘manyplies’ or ‘fardel’ (omasum). 2. figurative. a. A collection, ‘lot’, parcel (of immaterial things). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > of immaterial things heapc1175 fardel1526 mapa1586 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Hiiv Such..sentences, as we haue gathered of holy fathers..togyther, as in one fardell. 1608 Bp. J. Hall Epist. II. iii. iii. 29 What is their Alcoran, but a fardell of foolish impossibilities? 1667 H. More Divine Dialogues (1713) iii. xix. 219 This fictitious Fardel of Transubstantiation. a1703 W. Burkitt Rom. in Expos. Notes New Test. xi. 2 Let them prove that their fardles of traditions were delivered to the church from the mouth of the apostles. 1873 H. Rogers Superhuman Origin Bible i. 49 (note) A fardel of myths. b. esp. A burden or load of sin, sorrow, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > types or manners of hindrance > [noun] > encumberment > burdensomeness > a burden burdenc971 chargec1300 packa1325 burnc1375 fardelc1380 weightc1380 carriagea1556 load1600 taxa1628 overpoise1697 dead weight1720 backload1725 millstone1787 tin kettle1796 nightmare-weight1847 ball and chain1855 c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 208 Þe fardel of his wickidnesse. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 119/3 Goo fro me thou fardel of synne. 1576 A. Fleming tr. Erasmus in Panoplie Epist. 356 His fardle of troubles. 1648 R. Herrick Hesperides sig. V5v None sees the fardell of his faults behind. 1818 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Canto IV clxvi. 86 These fardels of the heart. 1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi III. x. viii. 321 Who can..sit tamely down to groan under the fardel of the Present? ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > wrapping > [noun] > a wrapping wrapping1387 fardela1425 wrapc1460 wrapperc1460 fold1497 out-band1621 wrappery1662 embalment1697 emballage1714 woolding1729 enwrapment1753 wrappage1827 lapping1858 a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Ezek. xxvii. 24 In fardels of iacinct and of clothis of many colours. 1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. ii. 249 About their heads they lap such fardels of linnen, as they seeme comparable to the heads of Giants. a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Henry V cccxxix, in Poems (1878) IV. 183 In a Petty-Coat Wrapt, a night fardle. Compounds C1. attributive and in other combinations. ΚΠ 1587 G. Turberville Tragicall Tales f. 78 Iewels for to save, Trusst vp in fardell wise. 1862 [see sense 1b]. 1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 23 Sept. 6/2 An emancipation of all down-trodden, fardel-bearing..slaves. C2. fardel-bound adj. costive; so as n., a condition in cattle and sheep in which food is retained in the folds of omasum. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of cattle, horse, or sheep > [noun] > disorders of cattle or sheep > other disorders shotc1500 foul?1523 redwater1594 blacklega1722 garget1725 dunt1784 black water1800 cothe1800 fardel-bound1825 navel ill1834 bluetongue1867 heartwater1880 orf1890 tick-borne fever1921 strike1932 1825 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Agric. 976 Costiveness also brings on a colic in them, called clue bound, fardel bound, etc. 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 155 The fardlebound of cattle and sheep is nothing more than a modification of the disease in horses called stomach~staggers, which is caused by an enormous distention of the stomach. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † fardeln.2 Obsolete. A fourth part of anything. fardel of land (see quots. a1634, 1706). Also in plural. Quarters, pieces, fragments. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > four > [noun] > division into four > a fourth part fourth part, dealc1000 quarternc1300 quarterc1330 farthingdeala1400 quart?1454 fardel1508 qr.1526 qtr.1571 quaternity1633 fierdhalf1674 fourth1741 the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a fragment > fragments fardel1508 flinders1508 fitters1532 brockle1552 shells1578 frush1582 flitters1620 shattersa1640 spillikin1857 1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. cvv The scheld in fardellis can fle in feild away fer. 1627 Dumbarton Burgh Rec. in J. Irving Hist. Dumbartonshire (1860) 483 It is..ordanit..that thair be onlie four kaiks in the pek, and thrie ferdalls in ilk kaik onlie. a1634 W. Noye Compl. Lawyer (1651) 57 Two Fardells of Land make a Nooke of Land, and two Nookes make halfe a Yard of Land. c1666 W. Sutherland in R. Wodrow Hist. Sufferings Church of Scotl. (1721) I. App. 101 I..bought a Farthel of Bread and a Mutckin of Ale. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Fardel of Land, the fourth part of a Yard-land. 1883 F. Seebohm Eng. Village Community 57 There were also holders of fardels or quarter-virgates, and half-fardels or one-eighth-virgates. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † fardeln.3 Profit. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > [noun] > advantage, profit, or use nuteOE gainc1175 naita1400 oeps1425 fardel1523 accrue1598 account1611 society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > profit > [noun] earningeOE issuea1325 lucrec1380 lucre of gainc1386 return1419 feracityc1420 revenue1427 vantagec1430 afframing1440 revenue1440 availc1449 proventc1451 provenuec1487 rent1513 fardel1523 chevisance1535 gains1546 commodity1577 proceed1578 increasal1601 benefit1606 endowment1615 gaininga1631 superlucration1683 profit1697 bunce1706 making1837 bunt1851 plunder1851 yield1877 recovery1931 earner1970 1523 King Henry VIII in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) I. 45 Whereby..shall ensue grete advantage and ferdele to the common affairs of the Kings grace. 1569 Sir T. Gresham in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. ii. 183 II. 318 Her Highnes maie paie it bie the waie of exchaung..to her gret fardell and profit. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online June 2021). † fardelv. Obsolete. 1. transitive. To make into a bundle; figurative in quots. Also to fardel up. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)] > make into a pack or parcel hamperc1400 packc1400 to pack up1530 mail1570 emball1588 fardel1594 packet1621 farla1640 to make up1709 embale1727 bale1762 parcel1775 empacket1825 make1849 package1917 1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte Exam. Mens Wits i. 10 I haue alwaies held it an errour, to heare many lessons of diuers matters, and to carrie them all home fardled vp together. 1660 S. Fisher Rusticus ad Academicos iii. 52 Prophesies, Psalms, Proverbs, Parables..found and fardelled together. 1701 T. Beverley Grand Apoc. Question 33 So that all I can suppose, is, that it is Fardled up in the Four First Trumpets. 2. Nautical. = furl v. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of sails, spars, or rigging > carry specific amount of sail [verb (transitive)] > furl trussc1440 to braid up (the sails)c1540 thirlc1550 fardel1582 furl1589 ruffle1622 stow1644 1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias 72 b The Captaine generall commanded..to fardle vp their sprits sailes. 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres ii. 21 This Ensigne..if fardled vp, all they are to do in the like order. 1630 M. Drayton Muses Elizium vii. 61 A pretty handsome Packe, Which she had fardled neatly at her backe. 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Farthell, Farthelling; is the same with what the Seamen now call Furl or Furling. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.1c1380n.21508n.31523v.1582 |
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