falafeln.

Brit.

/fəˈlɑːfl/,

/fəˈlafl/, U.S.

/fəˈlɑf(ə)l/

Inflections: Plural falafels, unchanged.

Forms: 1900s– falafel, 1900s– falaffel, 1900s– falefel, 1900s– fallafel, 1900s– felafel, 1900s– felaffel, 1900s– felafil, 1900s– filafil.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Hebrew. Partly a borrowing from Arabic. Etymons: Hebrew palapel; Arabic falāfil.

Etymology: < (i) modern Hebrew palapel (20th cent.), and its etymon (ii) Arabic (originally Egyptian) falāfil, specific sense development (with reference to the spices with which the balls of falafel are flavoured) of falāfil , plural of filfil , fulful pepper < Persian pilpil pepper, apparently < an Indo-Aryan language (compare Sanskrit pippalī long pepper: see pepper n.).There is no evidence to support the occasional suggestion of an ulterior derivation < an Aramaic word for ‘to be round’ or ‘to roll’. In Egyptian Arabic the dish is now more usually called ṭaʿmiyya.

1. A Middle Eastern dish consisting of spiced ground chickpeas or broad beans, usually formed into balls or fritters and deep-fried; (as count noun) a ball or fritter made in such a way.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > rissoles, balls, or croquettes > [noun]

rishew1340

pomedorry1381

rafiolea1425

raynoll?c1425

pomea1450

andouillet1611

raviol1611

tamale1625

patty1660

poupiets1702

croquette1706

rissole1706

potato cake1747

Basque1769

potato ball1817

Cecils1819

polpetta1822

quenelle1827

kibbeh1829

meatball1835

kromeski1846

quenelle de volaille1846

quesadilla1848

kungu cake1865

ponhaus1869

frikkadel1870

albondigas1872

fricandel1872

Vienna steak1874

pirozhok1887

kofta1888

paupiette1889

cheeseball1895

keftedes1912

baozi1927

crab cake1929

falafel1936

klops1936

coddie1941

wonton1948

fish finger1962

1936 I. Sabry in Deliberationes Congressus Dermatologorum Internationalis 1935 II. 739 From the beginning of May, his diet was wholy composed of maize bread and falafel.

1939 Palestine Post (Electronic ed.) 19 Oct. 4 There is first half a pita (Arab loaf), slit open and filled with five filafels, a few fried chips and sometimes even a little salad.

1955 P. Smouha Middle Eastern Cooking 74 Filafil..Broad beans..garlic..onion..oil... Form mixture..into balls..and fry them.

1962 A. Ramati Israel Today 299 Falafel, spiced fried balls of chick peas and hot pepper, soaked in a relish and chilisauce. Usually served in bread.

1996 C. Roden Bk. Jewish Food (2021) 273/2 These falafel are so much better than anything you can buy—very herby, spicy, and garlicky, crisp outside and very soft inside.

2015 K. Mouzawak Lebanese Home Cooking 134 The mix and contrast of the fried falafel with the tarator (tahini sauce).

2. A piece of pitta bread filled with falafel.

ΚΠ

1971 G. Reinisch Surv. Israel iii. 25 Falafel is sold everywhere in Israel, and is popular with everybody. It consists of small fried balls of crushed chick-peas strongly peppered, wrapped hot in flat Arab bread.

1983 Odessa (Texas) Amer. 24 July 4 a a/2 The international menu planned will feature such ethnic dishes as Jewish falafel (pita bread with stuffing), Filipino maruya (banana fritters), [etc.]

1984 M. Pelli Getting by Hebrew v. 76 Getting a falafel at a sidewalk kiosk.

2010 M. McGriff Swerve xvii. 102 Taking off her helmet while in the drive-thru, she ordered a falafel to go.

Compounds

C1. General use as a modifier, as in falafel ball, falafel sandwich, falafel stand, etc.

ΚΠ

1950 Tyrone (Pa.) Daily Herald 4 Dec. 7/2 Place a few falafel balls in frying basket.

1964 Manitoban 4 Oct. He migrates to Texas where he sets up his own drive-in Falafel stand and is an overnight success.

1978 Washington Post 30 July (Mag.) 27/1 In the carryout department, Universal Gourmet..sells an enormous and very good felafel sandwich for $1.25.

1980 Globe & Mail (Toronto) (Nexis) 13 Sept. Ethnic food abounds at places such as Cafe Michelangelo, Lisbon Place, Rehak Cafe and the Starlite falafel shop.

2004 Slimming World Mar. 22/1 Home-made falafel burgers served with lots of boiled rice and tomato sauce consisting of canned tomatoes mixed with herbs and seasoning.

2009 J. Kellerman True Detectives xviii. 166 Ivan's turned out to be a take-out falafel joint with two outdoor benches for seating.

C2. With agent nouns, and verbal nouns, and participles, forming compounds in which falafel expresses the object of the underlying verb, as in falafel maker, falafel making, falafel seller, etc.

ΚΠ

1949 Arizona Post 23 Sept. The faithful falafel consumer has a new world to explore with each purchase.

1972 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 24 Dec. 6/2 The City Department of Health..closed a competing falafel vendor for preparing his product at an open stand.

1995 N.Y. Times 17 Sept. xiii. 10/1 They have to make those with the money see that the arts put cash in the pockets of people as various as corporate executives, computer salespeople and falafel sellers.

2007 Weekend Austral. (Nexis) 1 Sept. (Mag.) 50 I have good, sharp knives..and gear ranging from a Microplane grater to..a brass falafel maker.

2020 Titusville (Pa.) Herald 5 June 4/2 Begin your falafel-making process the night before cooking by soaking the chickpeas overnight in water.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022).

单词	falafel
释义	falafeln. Brit. /fəˈlɑːfl/, /fəˈlafl/, U.S. /fəˈlɑf(ə)l/ Inflections: Plural falafels, unchanged. Forms: 1900s– falafel, 1900s– falaffel, 1900s– falefel, 1900s– fallafel, 1900s– felafel, 1900s– felaffel, 1900s– felafil, 1900s– filafil. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Hebrew. Partly a borrowing from Arabic. Etymons: Hebrew palapel; Arabic falāfil. Etymology: < (i) modern Hebrew palapel (20th cent.), and its etymon (ii) Arabic (originally Egyptian) falāfil, specific sense development (with reference to the spices with which the balls of falafel are flavoured) of falāfil , plural of filfil , fulful pepper < Persian pilpil pepper, apparently < an Indo-Aryan language (compare Sanskrit pippalī long pepper: see pepper n.).There is no evidence to support the occasional suggestion of an ulterior derivation < an Aramaic word for ‘to be round’ or ‘to roll’. In Egyptian Arabic the dish is now more usually called ṭaʿmiyya. 1. A Middle Eastern dish consisting of spiced ground chickpeas or broad beans, usually formed into balls or fritters and deep-fried; (as count noun) a ball or fritter made in such a way. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > rissoles, balls, or croquettes > [noun] rishew1340 pomedorry1381 rafiolea1425 raynoll?c1425 pomea1450 andouillet1611 raviol1611 tamale1625 patty1660 poupiets1702 croquette1706 rissole1706 potato cake1747 Basque1769 potato ball1817 Cecils1819 polpetta1822 quenelle1827 kibbeh1829 meatball1835 kromeski1846 quenelle de volaille1846 quesadilla1848 kungu cake1865 ponhaus1869 frikkadel1870 albondigas1872 fricandel1872 Vienna steak1874 pirozhok1887 kofta1888 paupiette1889 cheeseball1895 keftedes1912 baozi1927 crab cake1929 falafel1936 klops1936 coddie1941 wonton1948 fish finger1962 1936 I. Sabry in Deliberationes Congressus Dermatologorum Internationalis 1935 II. 739 From the beginning of May, his diet was wholy composed of maize bread and falafel. 1939 Palestine Post (Electronic ed.) 19 Oct. 4 There is first half a pita (Arab loaf), slit open and filled with five filafels, a few fried chips and sometimes even a little salad. 1955 P. Smouha Middle Eastern Cooking 74 Filafil..Broad beans..garlic..onion..oil... Form mixture..into balls..and fry them. 1962 A. Ramati Israel Today 299 Falafel, spiced fried balls of chick peas and hot pepper, soaked in a relish and chilisauce. Usually served in bread. 1996 C. Roden Bk. Jewish Food (2021) 273/2 These falafel are so much better than anything you can buy—very herby, spicy, and garlicky, crisp outside and very soft inside. 2015 K. Mouzawak Lebanese Home Cooking 134 The mix and contrast of the fried falafel with the tarator (tahini sauce). 2. A piece of pitta bread filled with falafel. ΚΠ 1971 G. Reinisch Surv. Israel iii. 25 Falafel is sold everywhere in Israel, and is popular with everybody. It consists of small fried balls of crushed chick-peas strongly peppered, wrapped hot in flat Arab bread. 1983 Odessa (Texas) Amer. 24 July 4 a a/2 The international menu planned will feature such ethnic dishes as Jewish falafel (pita bread with stuffing), Filipino maruya (banana fritters), [etc.] 1984 M. Pelli Getting by Hebrew v. 76 Getting a falafel at a sidewalk kiosk. 2010 M. McGriff Swerve xvii. 102 Taking off her helmet while in the drive-thru, she ordered a falafel to go. Compounds C1. General use as a modifier, as in falafel ball, falafel sandwich, falafel stand, etc. ΚΠ 1950 Tyrone (Pa.) Daily Herald 4 Dec. 7/2 Place a few falafel balls in frying basket. 1964 Manitoban 4 Oct. He migrates to Texas where he sets up his own drive-in Falafel stand and is an overnight success. 1978 Washington Post 30 July (Mag.) 27/1 In the carryout department, Universal Gourmet..sells an enormous and very good felafel sandwich for $1.25. 1980 Globe & Mail (Toronto) (Nexis) 13 Sept. Ethnic food abounds at places such as Cafe Michelangelo, Lisbon Place, Rehak Cafe and the Starlite falafel shop. 2004 Slimming World Mar. 22/1 Home-made falafel burgers served with lots of boiled rice and tomato sauce consisting of canned tomatoes mixed with herbs and seasoning. 2009 J. Kellerman True Detectives xviii. 166 Ivan's turned out to be a take-out falafel joint with two outdoor benches for seating. C2. With agent nouns, and verbal nouns, and participles, forming compounds in which falafel expresses the object of the underlying verb, as in falafel maker, falafel making, falafel seller, etc. ΚΠ 1949 Arizona Post 23 Sept. The faithful falafel consumer has a new world to explore with each purchase. 1972 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 24 Dec. 6/2 The City Department of Health..closed a competing falafel vendor for preparing his product at an open stand. 1995 N.Y. Times 17 Sept. xiii. 10/1 They have to make those with the money see that the arts put cash in the pockets of people as various as corporate executives, computer salespeople and falafel sellers. 2007 Weekend Austral. (Nexis) 1 Sept. (Mag.) 50 I have good, sharp knives..and gear ranging from a Microplane grater to..a brass falafel maker. 2020 Titusville (Pa.) Herald 5 June 4/2 Begin your falafel-making process the night before cooking by soaking the chickpeas overnight in water. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022). < n.1936
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