exponentadj.n.

Brit.

/ᵻkˈspəʊnənt/,

/ɛkˈspəʊnənt/, U.S.

/ˈɛkspoʊnənt/

Etymology: < Latin expōnent-em, present participle of expōnĕre : see expone v.

A. adj.

That sets forth or interprets. In Logic, of a proposition.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > [adjective]

enunciative1531

exponent1581

definitivea1620

pronouncing1628

declarative1642

declaratory1660

enunciatory1693

exponential1730

statemental1880

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 111 The..same rule..framyng a sounde and probable Argument from the proposition Exponent, to the Exclusive.

1847 W. Hamilton Let. to De Morgan 6 The doctrine of which the requirements were exponent.

B. n. One who or that which sets forth.

1. One who sets forth in words, expounds, or interprets; in later use also one who ‘interprets’ music, an executant. Also, that which serves to explain or interpret.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > [noun] > one who explains

expositora1340

expounitourc1380

undoer1382

expoundera1425

reader1440

declarera1527

looser1528

explainer1579

exponer1588

illustrator1598

clearer1599

explicator1611

unfolder1611

representer1642

dilucidator1689

unravellera1704

elucidator1715

exponent1812

explanator1858

transfuser1889

1812 S. T. Coleridge in R. Southey Omniana II. clxxiv. 12 Whatever is common to all languages..must be the Exponent and Consequent of the common consciousness of man.

1830 H. N. Coleridge Introd. Greek Poets 33 One of those tongues may be an imperfect exponent of the other.

1841–8 F. Myers Catholic Thoughts II. iv. xxxi. 322 Jesus Christ is the clearest exponent of His own purposes.

1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) II. vi. 13 This form of discontent found its exponent in John Wycliffe.

1875 F. A. G. Ouseley Treat. Musical Form ii. 27 Vocal music is very dependant on the words to which it is set, and of which it should be the exponent.

2. Mathematics.

a. Algebra. A symbol denoting the number of times a particular quantity is to be taken as a factor to produce the power indicated; an index.It is now written as a small letter or figure at the right hand of and above the symbol of the quantity affected by it.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > mathematical notation or symbol > [noun] > figure > index

indexa1690

exponent1734

suffix1842

the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > logarithm > [noun] > numerical elements

characteristic1654

index1678

exponent1734

modulus1753

base1772

mantissa1846

M1890

1734 G. Berkeley Analyst §45 We may often observe that the Exponents of Fluxions..are confounded with the Fluxions themselves.

1807 C. Hutton Course Math. (ed. 5) II. 283 Whether the exponent be positive or negative, integral or fractional.

1859 B. Smith Arith. & Algebra (ed. 6) 198 The figures 2, 3..m..are called Exponents.

†b. exponent of the ratio (see quot. 1706).

ΚΠ

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Exponent of the Ratio or Proportion between two Numbers or Quantities, is the Quotient arising, when the Antecedent is divided by the Consequent. Thus 6 is the Exponent of the Ratio that 30 has to 5.

Categories »

c. Physics. exponent of refraction: = ‘index’ or ‘coefficient’ of refraction. ?Obsolete.

3. He who or that which sets forth as a representative or type, as a symbol or index.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > an individual case or instance > [noun] > typical or representative case > typical or representative thing or person

forbysenc1175

figurea1340

forbyseninga1400

samplera1400

plot1551

pattern1555

resembler1581

representative1653

specimen1654

exponent1825

type1845

typification1845

1825 S. T. Coleridge Aids Refl. 314 To one or other of these four heads all the numerous forms and exponents of Christ's Mediation in St. Paul's writings may be referred.

1833 H. Martineau French Wines & Politics ix. 145 Price is the exponent of exchangeable value.

1850 W. R. Grove On Correlation Physical Forces (ed. 2) 25 The motion of the mass becomes the exponent of the amount of heat of the molecules.

1880 L. Stephen Alexander Pope v. 135 Theobald..as a plodding antiquarian, was an excellent exponent of dullness.

Draft additions 1993

4. Linguistics. An instance or realization in speech or writing of a linguistic category or feature.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > [noun] > realization of feature or category

exponency1880

realization1950

exponent1957

exponence1960

1957 J. R. Firth in Studies in Linguistic Analysis (Philol. Soc.) 13 Some of the actual word forms or exponents of the colligation operator-negative cannot be suitably divided with reference to the affirmative forms.

1960 Jrnl. Canad. Linguistic Assoc. 6 ii. 133 Firth introduced the theory of exponents to link the phonic data with categories of phonology and grammar.

1964 M. A. K. Halliday et al. Ling. Sci. 24 The items which are instances (or, to use the technical term, exponents) of these classes are thus grammatical but not fully grammatical items.

1979 Trans. Philol. Soc. 231 In the presence of the potential marker -z(ə)- (and what is true of this exponent is equally true of the affix conveying unwillingness on the part of the S, namely -amxa-), a transitive verb has no S!

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	exponent
释义	exponentadj.n. Brit. /ᵻkˈspəʊnənt/, /ɛkˈspəʊnənt/, U.S. /ˈɛkspoʊnənt/ Etymology: < Latin expōnent-em, present participle of expōnĕre : see expone v. A. adj. That sets forth or interprets. In Logic, of a proposition. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > [adjective] enunciative1531 exponent1581 definitivea1620 pronouncing1628 declarative1642 declaratory1660 enunciatory1693 exponential1730 statemental1880 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 111 The..same rule..framyng a sounde and probable Argument from the proposition Exponent, to the Exclusive. 1847 W. Hamilton Let. to De Morgan 6 The doctrine of which the requirements were exponent. B. n. One who or that which sets forth. 1. One who sets forth in words, expounds, or interprets; in later use also one who ‘interprets’ music, an executant. Also, that which serves to explain or interpret. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > [noun] > one who explains expositora1340 expounitourc1380 undoer1382 expoundera1425 reader1440 declarera1527 looser1528 explainer1579 exponer1588 illustrator1598 clearer1599 explicator1611 unfolder1611 representer1642 dilucidator1689 unravellera1704 elucidator1715 exponent1812 explanator1858 transfuser1889 1812 S. T. Coleridge in R. Southey Omniana II. clxxiv. 12 Whatever is common to all languages..must be the Exponent and Consequent of the common consciousness of man. 1830 H. N. Coleridge Introd. Greek Poets 33 One of those tongues may be an imperfect exponent of the other. 1841–8 F. Myers Catholic Thoughts II. iv. xxxi. 322 Jesus Christ is the clearest exponent of His own purposes. 1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) II. vi. 13 This form of discontent found its exponent in John Wycliffe. 1875 F. A. G. Ouseley Treat. Musical Form ii. 27 Vocal music is very dependant on the words to which it is set, and of which it should be the exponent. 2. Mathematics. a. Algebra. A symbol denoting the number of times a particular quantity is to be taken as a factor to produce the power indicated; an index.It is now written as a small letter or figure at the right hand of and above the symbol of the quantity affected by it. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical notation or symbol > [noun] > figure > index indexa1690 exponent1734 suffix1842 the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > logarithm > [noun] > numerical elements characteristic1654 index1678 exponent1734 modulus1753 base1772 mantissa1846 M1890 1734 G. Berkeley Analyst §45 We may often observe that the Exponents of Fluxions..are confounded with the Fluxions themselves. 1807 C. Hutton Course Math. (ed. 5) II. 283 Whether the exponent be positive or negative, integral or fractional. 1859 B. Smith Arith. & Algebra (ed. 6) 198 The figures 2, 3..m..are called Exponents. †b. exponent of the ratio (see quot. 1706). ΚΠ 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Exponent of the Ratio or Proportion between two Numbers or Quantities, is the Quotient arising, when the Antecedent is divided by the Consequent. Thus 6 is the Exponent of the Ratio that 30 has to 5. Categories » c. Physics. exponent of refraction: = ‘index’ or ‘coefficient’ of refraction. ?Obsolete. 3. He who or that which sets forth as a representative or type, as a symbol or index. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > an individual case or instance > [noun] > typical or representative case > typical or representative thing or person forbysenc1175 figurea1340 forbyseninga1400 samplera1400 plot1551 pattern1555 resembler1581 representative1653 specimen1654 exponent1825 type1845 typification1845 1825 S. T. Coleridge Aids Refl. 314 To one or other of these four heads all the numerous forms and exponents of Christ's Mediation in St. Paul's writings may be referred. 1833 H. Martineau French Wines & Politics ix. 145 Price is the exponent of exchangeable value. 1850 W. R. Grove On Correlation Physical Forces (ed. 2) 25 The motion of the mass becomes the exponent of the amount of heat of the molecules. 1880 L. Stephen Alexander Pope v. 135 Theobald..as a plodding antiquarian, was an excellent exponent of dullness. Draft additions 1993 4. Linguistics. An instance or realization in speech or writing of a linguistic category or feature. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > [noun] > realization of feature or category exponency1880 realization1950 exponent1957 exponence1960 1957 J. R. Firth in Studies in Linguistic Analysis (Philol. Soc.) 13 Some of the actual word forms or exponents of the colligation operator-negative cannot be suitably divided with reference to the affirmative forms. 1960 Jrnl. Canad. Linguistic Assoc. 6 ii. 133 Firth introduced the theory of exponents to link the phonic data with categories of phonology and grammar. 1964 M. A. K. Halliday et al. Ling. Sci. 24 The items which are instances (or, to use the technical term, exponents) of these classes are thus grammatical but not fully grammatical items. 1979 Trans. Philol. Soc. 231 In the presence of the potential marker -z(ə)- (and what is true of this exponent is equally true of the affix conveying unwillingness on the part of the S, namely -amxa-), a transitive verb has no S! This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1581
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