单词 | pragmatical |
释义 | pragmaticaladj.n. A. adj. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > [adjective] > relating to affairs of state pragmatical1543 pragmatic1587 society > law > [noun] > edict, decree, ordinance, or institute > royal or imperial > types of golden bull1537 pragmatical sanction1585 pragmatic1587 pragmatic sanction1587 subscription1609 pragmatica1614 ukase1729 chrysobull1882 1543 Formul. Faith sig. Nijv Sith that time, the canons pragmatical of these two counsailes, be no where used, nor yet alleged, as to be of effecte. 1585 T. Bilson True Difference Christian Subiection 93 Charles the 7. in a Parliament at Burdeuz made a law, called the Pragmaticall sanction, for the perpetuall obseruation of those thinges, which the Councell of Basill had decreed. 1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 179 Had he euer studied any Pragmaticall Discourse; or perused any Treaties of Confederacy, of peace, of truce, of intercourse. 1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 177 They are sensible of this want of Natiues; as by the Pragmaticall Sanction, now published, appeareth. 1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso i. lxiv. 123 Peremptory or pragmatical Laws ought..to be published to the people when they themselves desire them. 1682 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Rights Princes (new ed.) vi. 222 When St. Lewis by his pretended Pragmatical Sanction, restored the Liberties of Election. 1726 A. Gavin Master-key to Popery (ed. 2) ii. 115 [Pius II] celebrated a Council in Mantua, wherein he annulled the pragmatical Law made in France, as pernicious and dangerous to the Roman Court. 1732 J. Bisset Mod. Erastianism Unvailed iii. 208 By their Advice was the famous pragmatical Sanction made in Confirmation of these Articles. 1882 P. Schaff et al. Relig. Encycl. I. 219/2 The so-called pragmatical sanction. a. Busy, active; businesslike, methodical; brisk, energetic. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > [adjective] busylOE sisela1400 importune1449 busied1576 resiant1583 pragmatical1590 doing1591 negotiated1604 practical1617 affairé1802 operative1816 occupied1897 the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [adjective] > brisk or active sprindeOE whata1000 braga1350 prestc1390 yarea1400 stirringc1400 startingc1440 actious1441 actuala1470 activea1522 queemc1540 skeetc1540 lively1567 alive-like1582 pragmatical1590 spruce1590 agilious1599 brisk1599 sprightly?c1599 brisky1600 alives-like1601 alacrious1602 smart1602 eyebright1603 whisking1611 deedy1615 vibrant1616 sprunt1631 perking1653 alert1654 exilient1654 alacrative1657 eveillé1676 budge1691 jaunty1705 spry1746 sprack1747 alive1748 high-geared1795 rash1805 spicy1828 live1830 deedful1834 yary1855 sprucy1858 alacritous1859 sprackish1882 brash1884 up-and-coming1889 up and doing1901 loose1907 bright-eyed and bushy-tailed1936 buzzy1978 1590 W. Clever Flower of Phisicke 94 A short necked man, is apt to conceiue, pregmaticall. 1601 F. Godwin Catal. Bishops of Eng. 427 A man of a very pragmaticall and stirring humour. 1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus (i. 16) 320 He will cling to good mens companie; be pragmaticall and busie in performing many sightly duties. 1661 R. Boyle Some Consider. Style of Script. (1675) 212 None of these pragmatical persons..will suffer himself to be so enslaved to his business, but he will allow himself set times..for eating. b. Experienced in business or affairs; shrewd, expert, skilled. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adjective] > skilled or experienced > in business or affairs pragmatical1603 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 369 Put their causes into the hands of pragmaticall lawyers (at Rome) with no lesse shame and ignominie, than losse and damage. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Pragmatical, that is expert in doing things, practised in the Law, and in many matters. 1665 D. Lloyd State Worthies (1677) ii. 85 So pragmatical a person as this gentleman was necessary among the Custom-house men. 1822 R. Heber in Whole Wks. Jeremy Taylor I. p. ccciii Political and pragmatical wisdom. 1837 W. Irving Adventures Capt. Bonneville III. 122 These veterans of the wilderness are exceedingly pragmatical on points of venery and woodcraft. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > acting in another's business or intervention > [adjective] > officious busy1340 pragmatical1593 officious1596 polypragmatical1597 superfluous1598 pragmaticc1612 superserviceablea1616 polypragmatic1616 stickling1642 over-officious1647 polypragmonetic1693 managinga1715 busybodied1798 busybodyish1851 pantopragmatic1860 polypragmonic1866 polypragmosynic1886 1593 R. Bancroft Suruay Holy Discipline ii. 33 They would no longer endure to be so ouer-looked and hampered, in their owne free Cittie, by such a pragmaticall and intermedlinge Discipline. 1615 Bp. J. Hall Imprese of God ii, in Recoll. Treat. 667 The absurd pragmaticall impudency of the present [Pope], in that grosse prohibition of a fauourable and natural oth, for his Maties. security. 1656 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. II. viii. 93 A wise man is not pragmaticall; for he declines the doing of any thing that is beyond his office. c1660 R. Carpenter (title) The Pragmatical Jesuit. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. (at cited word) A pert low townsman; a pragmatical trader. 1794 W. Godwin Caleb Williams I. iv. 78 Coming to-day in this pragmatical way when nobody sent for you. 1829 W. Scott Anne of Geierstein I. xiii. 14 How he dealt with the villains of Liege, when they would needs be pragmatical. a1855 C. Brontë Professor (1857) I. vi. 88 It is like you to give a pragmatical opinion without being acquainted with any of the circumstances of the case. b. Conceited, self-important, pompous; opinionated; dogmatic, unbending. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > extreme opinion, dogmatism > [adjective] high?1535 Arctic1593 magistral1596 forward1608 confident1611 magisterial1635 pragmatic1638 high-flown1640 affirmative1650 thetical1653 positive1658 pragmatical1660 dogmatical1662 dogmatic1681 unargumentative1722 ultra1820 doctrinaire1834 cocksure1842 doctrinary1846 unevidential1853 Doctrinarian1878 pontificating1922 fundamentalist1928 hardcore1951 1660 H. More Explan. Grand Myst. Godliness iv. xiii. 131 The leguleious Cavils of some Pragmatical Pettifoggers. 1668 J. Glanvill Blow at Mod. Sadducism Pref. sig. A2 With a pert and pragmatical Insolence, they censure all. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 481. ¶4 Lacqueys were never so saucy and pragmatical, as they are now-a-days. 1724 J. Swift Let. to Molesworth 2 Which..may perhaps give me the Title of Pragmatical and Overweening. 1779 F. Burney Let. 25 Oct.–3 Nov. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1994) 407 His extreme pomposity,—the solemn stiffness of his Person..& the quaint importance of his delivery,—are..like some Pragmatical..old Coxcomb represented on the stage. 1834 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last Days of Pompeii I. i. ii. 12 The Romans lose both by this pragmatical affectation of refinement. 1862 J. H. Burton Book-hunter (1863) 235 The pragmatical priggism which is the pedagogue's characteristic defect. 1885 Dict. National Biogr. I. 143/2 Blackwell is universally represented as meddlesome, pragmatical, and loquacious, and the theory that his plot was wholly concocted by himself would appear the most plausible. 1928 A. P. Herbert Trials of Topsy 133 All this pragmatical yap about tea being a necessity and beer being a vice. 1979 P. O'Brian Fortune of War viii. 272 The moment you are afloat you become pragmatical and absolute, a bashaw..—no longer a social being at all. 2002 Times Higher Educ. Suppl. (Nexis) 8 Mar. 28 Stanley Fish's persona struts his all-knowing pragmatical last word. 4. a. Of, relating to, or dealing with practice, practicalities, or fact, as opposed to theory, speculation, or ideals; practical, realistic. Cf. pragmatic adj. 5. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > doing > [adjective] > as opposed to theoretical practica1425 practical?a1425 practive1526 pragmatical1597 active1605 operary1612 operarious1656 practitional1724 unbookish1887 practico-1913 applicational1917 hands-on1960 1597 Bp. J. King Lect. Ionas xii. 158 But this knowledge of theirs was not a curious and idle knowledg,..but a pragmaticall knowledge, full of labour and busines. a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) Pref. sig. B4 No better, then a kinde of pragmaticall Atheists. 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Pragmatical..in Physicks, or Natural Philosophy,..is some~times used in a good Signification, and signifies the same as Practical, Mechanical, or Problematical. Thus Stevinus..calls some Mechanical and Practical Experiments..by the Name of Pragmatical Examples. 1865 tr. D. F. Strauss New Life Jesus I. i. i. 4 The significance of Christ in relation to modern times could only be substantiated..by treating his life as a pragmatical sequence of events on the same footing as that of other illustrious men. 1906 Hibbert Jrnl. Apr. 647 There is the practical or pragmatical form of Christianity usually associated with the name of James. 1976 E. Crankshaw Shadow of Winter Palace (1978) xi. 229 The sort of pragmatical and level-headed guide whom the generations of revolutionaries to come so sorely lacked. 2001 Turkish Daily News (Nexis) 1 Nov. New forms of Islam are arising which are partly shaped by the norms and values of the western societies and are looking for pragmatical solutions to combine Islamic values with the given circumstances. b. Matter-of-fact, down-to-earth; banal. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of imagination > lack of imagination > [adjective] positive1594 literal1633 unprojecting1647 pounds, shillings, and pence?1650 matter of fact1712 unvisionary1794 unimaginative1814 literalist1838 literal-mindeda1849 visionless1856 realistic1862 terre-à-terre1888 pragmatical1896 illusionless1897 cookie cutter1922 down to earth1922 the world > action or operation > advantage > expediency > expedience > [adjective] > pragmatic or practical practical1605 untheoretic1809 rough and ready1849 no-nonsense1853 pragmatic1853 untranscendental1865 hard-boiled1884 pragmatical1896 1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. (at cited word) [Quoting Hare] Low, pragmatical, earthly views of the gospel. 1886 Athenæum 14 Aug. 203/3 ‘In One Town’, though a little pragmatical and matter of fact, is not uninteresting. It..confines itself entirely to the commonplace joys and mishaps of every-day men and women. 1896 Dict. National Biogr. XLV. 149/2 There was, indeed, something dour and almost pragmatical about Phelps's own nature that may account for his success. 1910 J. Buchan Prester John vii. 138 Ay, you may look surprised at me, you two pragmatical Scotsmen. 2001 Express (Nexis) 6 Oct. 117 He is..conservative, sensible, understated and pragmatical. 5. Philosophy. = pragmatic adj. 6a. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > pragmatism > [adjective] pragmatic1902 pragmatical1903 pragmatist1903 pragmatistic1905 1903 Hibbert Jrnl. Mar. 577 The essentially pragmatical character of the scientific modes of ascertaining ‘truth’ is precisely one of the chief props of pragmatism. 1938 C. Morris in Internat. Encycl. Unified Sci. I. i. 68 The pragmatical factor which complements and completes the formal and the empirical factors. 2004 Libr. Trends (Nexis) 1 Jan. 507 If someone chooses to study a problem from a hermeneutic angle, it has other consequences for the research problem than using a phenomenological theory or a pragmatical one for that matter. 6. Linguistics. Of or relating to pragmatics. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > other schools of linguistics > [adjective] > pragmatics pragmatic1935 pragmatical1939 pragmalinguistic1978 1939 Mind 48 480 It is to be noted that ‘pragmatical’ as it occurs throughout this paper designates the relations holding beween signs and their users or interpreters, and is not to be confused with ‘pragmatic’ or ‘pragmatist’. 1942 R. Carnap Introd. Semantics 10 Examples of pragmatical investigations are: a physiological analysis of the processes in the speaking organs;..a psychological analysis of the relations between speaking behavior and other behavior, [etc.]. 1966 J. J. Katz Philos. Lang. iii. 54 Pragmatical concepts which could serve as explicanda. 1990 D. S. Clarke Sources of Semiotic v. 103 Some contemporary philosophers..believe that the pragmatical intension concepts are foggy, mysterious, and not really understandable. 1. = pragmatic n. 3. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > acting in another's business or intervention > [noun] > being a busybody or officiousness > a busybody busybody1526 busyhead1555 stiffler1566 Jack-stickler1579 pragmatical1593 polypragmon1596 polypragmonist1609 polypragmist1613 factotum1618 ardelio1624 polypragmatist1631 pragmatic1634 polypragmatic1636 pragmatist1640 stickler1702 gad1756 pantopragmatic1860 butterinsky1902 eager beaver1942 1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 100* It is..not the busie Pragmaticall, but the close Politician, that supplanteth the puissant state. 2. A statement of opinion; an expert opinion. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1617 F. Bacon Let. 25 July (1872) VI. 232 That..your Majesty would bestow the thanks, not..upon the eloquent persuasions or pragmaticals of Mr. Secretary Winwood. 3. = pragmatic n. 2. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > delegated authority > one having delegated or derived authority > [noun] > one who acts for another > in business matters pragmatical1623 business agent1831 commercial agent1877 1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Pragmaticall, one that understands the Law. Derivatives pragmatiˈcality n. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > expediency > expedience > [noun] > pragmatism or practicality practicalness1657 pragmaticality1836 practicality1841 practicalism1843 pragmatism1872 thinginess1891 Kitchenerism1901 hard-boiledness1912 1836 C. G. F. Gore Mrs. Armytage II. xvi. 283 There is something so overpowering in the punctilious regularity of the house; the pragmaticality of those tiresome old servants. 1887 Church Times 28 Oct. 869/2 The miserable ‘unsaved’ pragmaticality which sends to the Independent sects a class of persons in whom there is no great relish of salvation. 1994 Amer. Speech 69 346 This is not a trivial question, as it relates to considerations of grammaticality and pragmaticality, and, in turn, to the notion of idiomaticity as it relates to this structure. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.n.1543 |
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