ettlev.

Brit.

/ˈɛt(ə)l/, U.S.

/ˈɛd(ə)l/, Scottish English

/ˈɛt(ə)l/, Irish English

/ˈɛt(ə)l/

Forms:

α. early Middle English atlie (south-west midlands), Middle English adl- (northern, inflected form), Middle English atle, Middle English attele, Middle English attell, Middle English attely (southern), Middle English atthill, Middle English attle, Middle English etelle, Middle English etil, Middle English etill, Middle English ettele, Middle English ettell, Middle English ettelle, Middle English ettil, Middle English ettille (in a late copy), Middle English ettyll, Middle English ettylle, Middle English etyl, Middle English etylle, Middle English–1500s etle, Middle English–1600s (1800s– Irish English (northern)) ettle, late Middle English (in a late copy) 1600s attil, 1600s attill, 1600s atyl; English regional 1700s– ettle, 1800s– airtle (Yorkshire); Scottish pre-1700 aitle, pre-1700 etel, pre-1700 ettell, pre-1700 ettil, pre-1700 ettill, pre-1700 ettille, pre-1700 ettyl, pre-1700 ettyll, pre-1700 1700s etle, pre-1700 1700s– ettle, pre-1700 1900s– eattle, pre-1700 1900s– eitle, 1800s attle (Banffshire), 1800s et'lin (present participle), 1800s ittle (Banffshire), 1900s– ettel; N.E.D. (1891) also records a form Middle English atyle.

β. Chiefly northern Middle English aghlis (3rd singular indicative), Middle English aghtel, Middle English aghttil (east midlands), Middle English ahtil, Middle English aughtil, Middle English eghtel, Middle English eghtil, Middle English haghtil, Middle English hauȝtel.

See also eccle v.

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian.

Etymology: < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic ætla , etla to think, mean, suppose, intend, (reflexive) to decide, cognate with Old Swedish ætla (Swedish regional ättla (also ässla ) to count, reckon), Old Danish ætla to count, reckon < a suffixed form (compare -el suffix¹) of the Germanic base of aught n.¹The β. forms may reflect borrowing of the early Scandinavian etymon at a stage preceding assimilation of *ht to tt, or they may reflect remodelling after Old English eaht, or even an independent verbal formation from the same elements within English.

Chiefly (and now only) Scottish, Irish English (northern), and English regional (northern) after Middle English.

I. To intend, aim, and related senses.

a. transitive. To intend, propose, plan (to do something). Formerly also with †for to and infinitive and occasionally with bare infinitive, and intransitive with thereto referring to the intended action.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > intention > intend [verb (transitive)]

willeOE

meaneOE

minteOE

i-muntec1000

thinkOE

ettlea1200

intenta1300

meanc1330

forn-castc1374

intendc1374

ettlea1400

drive1425

proposec1425

purpose1433

attend1455

suppose1474

pretend1477

mindc1478

minda1513

pretence1565

appurpose1569

to drive at ——1574

thought to1578

hight1579

pretent1587

fore-intend1622

pre-intend1647

design1655

study1663

contemplate1794

purport1803

a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 79 He..wolde him seluen wreke gif he mihte, and þerto ettleð and abit his time.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16384 O yur king þat es in hand, quat aghtel yee do þan?

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 27 (MED) An aunter in erde I attle to schawe.

a1425 (?a1350) Seven Sages (Galba) (1907) l. 3379 (MED) Mai I traist on þe, For to tel my preuete Þat I haue aghteld for to do?

c1480 (a1400) St. Mary Magdalen 279 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 264 Þi husband eitlise þare-to..to helpe þe puyre of his riches.

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) iv. x. 41 And maratour, quhat ettill I for to do?

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 47 Hit were..semly for wemen Þaire houses to haunt &..þere onesty attell to saue.

1641 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1871) I. 273 Thairwith etleing to haue persewit the said James.

1719 W. Hamilton Epist. to Ramsay 24 Aug. 18 Gin we ettle anes to taunt her, And dinna cawmly thole her Banter, She'll take the Flings.

1721 A. Ramsay Petit. Whin-bush Club ii Etling wi' spite to rive my reed, And give my muse a fa'.

1808 J. Mayne Siller Gun (new ed.) iv. 73 To bell the cat wi' sic a scrow, Some swankies ettled.

1863 J. Nicholson Kilwuddie 129 So bent on the bauble we ettle aye to win, The best o' life's blessings we lee far behin'.

1919 J. Buchan Mr. Standfast xxi. 360 Amos gie'd him a trench knife. But verra soon he looked as if he was ettlin' to cut his throat, so I deprived him of it.

1948 N. M. Gunn Shadow iii. 212 ‘To-morrow I'm going to have a wee vamp at the grieve.’ ‘You're not ettling to kiss him, are you?’

2000 M. Fitt But n Ben A-go-go vii. 64 Lars Fergusson had ettled tae murder him an nou somethin else wis hurlin itsel at pace in his direction.

b. transitive. To intend, propose, plan (something). Also: to seek to bring about (a result).Also with clause as object.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > intention > intend [verb (transitive)]

willeOE

meaneOE

minteOE

i-muntec1000

thinkOE

ettlea1200

intenta1300

meanc1330

forn-castc1374

intendc1374

ettlea1400

drive1425

proposec1425

purpose1433

attend1455

suppose1474

pretend1477

mindc1478

minda1513

pretence1565

appurpose1569

to drive at ——1574

thought to1578

hight1579

pretent1587

fore-intend1622

pre-intend1647

design1655

study1663

contemplate1794

purport1803

a1400 Siege Jerusalem (Laud) (1932) l. 366 (MED) Vnbuxum we beþ..his deþ haue we atled.

c1450 (?a1400) Parl. Thre Ages (BL Add. 31042) l. 483 He made a blyot..of the berdes of kynges, And aughtilde Sir Arthures berde one scholde be.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xii. xiii. 14 Quhat purposis or etlis thou now? lat see.

1591 in C. Innes Registrum Honoris de Morton (1853) I. 171 The mischevous practizes ettillit be Sathan..aganis our awin estait and persoun.

1728 A. Ramsay Poems II. 301 She threw the Stane, and ettled Death.

1774 C. Keith Farmer's Ha' 35 They wad think it a braw scheme..Mischief to ettle.

1870 in A. Cameron Family Treasury 532/2 If God really says ‘everlasting destruction’, while you tell me..that he doesna ettle the ‘everlasting’ to be everlasting after all, I would need to see his own back-line.

1898 J. Buchan John Burnet iii. iv I dinna think he ettled it, for when he began I think he didna mean mair than to punish him for his words.

1977 R. McLellan Linmill Stories 13 I was grieved that she suld think I could ettle her ony hairm.

1986 Chapman No. 43–4. 28 Ye're no for usin on Jamie what she ettlet for the coo?

†c. transitive (reflexive). With infinitive as complement. To intend, propose, plan to do what is specified by the complement. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > intention > intend [verb (reflexive)]

turnc1175

tightc1300

castc1386

bethink1387

ettlec1440

c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 554 (MED) Bee Estyre..I ettyll my selfen To hostaye in Almayne.

a1500 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Trin. Dublin) l. 2829 (MED) Þou..ettlys þe [c1450 Ashm. etils to] sir Alexander efte to assayle.

a. intransitive. With adverb or prepositional phrase: to direct one's course, make one's way, head. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct one's course [verb (intransitive)]

thinkeOE

bowa1000

seta1000

scritheOE

minlOE

turnc1175

to wend one's wayc1225

ettlec1275

hieldc1275

standc1300

to take (the) gatec1330

bear?c1335

applyc1384

aim?a1400

bend1399

hita1400

straighta1400

bounc1400

intendc1425

purposec1425

appliquec1440

stevenc1440

shape1480

make1488

steera1500

course1555

to make out1558

to make in1575

to make for ——a1593

to make forth1594

plyc1595

trend1618

tour1768

to lie up1779

head1817

loop1898

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12974 Lete we nu þene eotend bi-lafuen and atlien [c1300 Otho go we] to þan kinge.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1760 Alisaundrine anon attelede to hire boure.

c1450 (c1350) Alexander & Dindimus (Bodl.) (1929) l. 15 Þat Alixandre wiþ his ost atlede þidire.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid ix. ix. 66 Quhayr thikkest was the pres thar etlis he.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 138 Eneas afterward etlit onone.

1827 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. June 911 He..ettles at an island a quarter o' a mile aff.

1867 T. Martin Mem. William Edmondstoune Aytoun iii. 70 They're ettling for the manses, John—they're ettling fast and fain.

1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby ‘Ill ettle for yam’, Ill turn my steps homeward.

1972 G. M. Brown Greenvoe (1976) ii. 45 The Siloam nosed and ettled into the grey sprawl of waves and sent up arcs of swift stinging spray.

b. transitive. To direct (something) to or at a person or thing; esp. to aim (a blow or missile) at. Also intransitive to take aim (at).Formerly also with double object (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > direction > direct [verb (transitive)] > aim at > aim (a blow, weapon, etc.)

reachOE

seta1300

shapec1400

ettlec1450

charge1509

bend1530

level1530

aimc1565

butt1594

levy1618

to give level to1669

wise1721

intenda1734

train1795

sight1901

to zero in1944

c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 2322 (MED) To all ȝow of Athenes þus etill [a1500 Trin. Dublin atthill] I my saȝes.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) viii. l. 269 Bot Wallace..Folowed on him and a straik etlyt fast.

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) v. ix. 37 Mynestheus..Onto the hed hess halyt vp on hie Baith arow and eyn, etland at the mark.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 99^v He auntrid vpon Ector atlit hym a dynt.

c1650 (a1500) Eger & Grime (Percy) (1933) 274 Grime..attilde him a dint that bote full weele.

1719 E. Wardlaw Hardyknute 10 Fast the braid Arrow flew: Wae to the Knight he ettled at, Lament now Queen Elgreed.

1789 D. Davidson Thoughts Seasons 113 The blow was ettled at a tall ane, A bra ware cock.

1830 J. Galt Lawrie Todd II. iv. xi. 90 By a glance he gave me,..I was persuaded he had something to ettle at me.

1862 A. Hislop Prov. Scotl. 7 Aft ettle, whiles hit.

1926 H. Hendry Poems 99 When bowls rin straught, a bonnie sicht, To whare I ettled.

c. intransitive. Chiefly with prepositional phrase: to direct one's efforts toward achieving or attaining something; to aim, strive; to try.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > endeavour > attempt [verb (transitive)] > strive for or after

tilla900

strivea1300

aswinkc1300

ofswinkc1300

forstrivec1315

beswink1377

to follow after ——c1390

hacka1450

ontilla1450

prosecutea1530

to scratch for1581

ettle1592

push1595

1592 in A. I. Cameron Warrender Papers (1932) II. 197 That..the alteratioun of religioun presentlie professit..suld haif bene ettillit to.

a1605 R. Bannatyne Memorials Trans. Scotl. (1836) 325 The Monsieur dar not chenge his religione, giff he etle to the croun of France.

1606 in Lett. Eccl. Affairs Scotl. (1851) I. 118 I have etled to the executione of your Maiesties directiones.

1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd i. ii When a they ettle at—their greatest wish Is to be made o' and obtain a kiss.

1757 T. Smollett Reprisal i. xii. 11 He's a gowk, and a gauky, to ettle at diverting the poor lassy with the puppet‐shew of her ain misfortune.

1820 W. Scott Monastery II. iii^*. 130 They that ettle to the top of the ladder will at least get up some rounds.

1879 G. MacDonald Sir Gibbie II. v. 86 I s' tell ye what I think I wad ettle after.

1950 B. Scott Lambs of God i, in Sc. People's Theatre (Assoc. Scottish Lit. Studies) (2008) 208 He was ettlin for five minutes, but she wasn't i' the mood.

1983 W. L. Lorimer & R. L. C. Lorimer New Test. in Scots 2 Tim. ii. 364 Turn your back on the craves an passions o youth, an ettle at righteousness an faith.

d. intransitive. To be eager to do something; to yearn for or after something.

ΚΠ

1866 W. Gregor Dial. Banffshire (Philol. Soc.) 8 The horse wiz attlin' t' be latten oot.

1896 J. M. Barrie Margaret Ogilvy ix. 180 I can call to mind not one little thing I ettled for in my lusty days that hasna been put into my hands in my auld age.

1928 N. Shepherd Quarry Wood xvi. 243 She's been ettlin' aifter a shift this whilie back.

1954 J. Lane Phoenix & Laurel i. i. 24 You'll be ettling to get back to your duties.

2001 J. Robertson Fanatic 71 There's some o them jist ettlin for a chance tae defend their cause frae the dragoons.

†3.

a. transitive. To arrange, set in order; to prepare. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > put in (proper) order [verb (transitive)]

rightlOE

attire1330

ettlea1350

to set (also put) in rulea1387

redress1389

dress?a1400

fettlea1400

governc1405

yraylle1426

direct1509

settlec1530

tune1530

instruct1534

rede1545

commodate1595

square1596

concinnate1601

concinnea1620

rectify1655

fix1663

to put (also bring) into repair1673

arrange1802

pipeclay1806

to get together1810

to do up1886

to jack up1939

a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 38 (MED) Hire teht aren..euene set ant atled al.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 38^v Arowes and other geire atled I a non.

b. transitive (reflexive). To prepare oneself (to do something). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (reflexive)]

yarec888

yarkc1000

graithc1230

dightc1275

to make yarec1290

arrayc1320

tirec1330

agraith1340

buska1350

readya1350

dressc1350

shapec1374

disposec1375

ordainc1380

rayc1380

makec1390

bouna1400

updressa1400

fettlec1400

address1447

ettlec1450

aready1470

to make oneself forth1488

busklea1555

poise1639

arrange1865

c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 1157 (MED) Þan etils him sir Alexander.

?c1600 (c1515) Sc. Field (Lyme) 182 in I. F. Baird Poems Stanley Family (D.Phil. thesis, Univ. of Birm.) (1990) 237 Our Englishmen full egerly attilde them to shoott.

?c1600 (c1515) Sc. Field (Lyme) 320 in I. F. Baird Poems Stanley Family (D.Phil. thesis, Univ. of Birm.) (1990) 243 We egerlie with ire atylde [c1650 Percy attilld] them to meete.

†4. transitive. To destine, ordain, assign to or for, or to do something. Obsolete.In Middle English also with indirect object.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > necessity > fate or destiny as determining events > predestine or predetermine [verb (transitive)]

shapea1000

dightc1000

besee1297

weirda1300

destinec1300

ordainc1390

ettlea1400

destinyc1400

eure1428

fortunec1430

foreordainc1440

order1532

preordain1533

predefine1542

prefine1545

destinate1548

fore-pointa1557

fore-appoint1561

pre-ordinate1565

foreset1573

forepurpose1581

sort1592

predestinate1593

predetermine1601

pre-appoint1603

forecall1613

fatea1616

predesign1630

predeterminate1637

pre-order1640

predestine1642

ordinate1850

foreordinate1858

preset1926

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 9426 (MED) Qua herd euer spek o mare bliss, þan aghteld [Trin. Cambr. ordeyned] was adam and his?

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 21759 (MED) Godd þat haghtils ilk in stat.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. i. 30 This Goddes etlit..This realme to be..mastres To all landis.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 105 Pepull Þat by ordynaunse of Ector was etlit to hym.

1688 in H. Paton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1932) 3rd Ser. XIII. 249 That quhich was etled for you shall light upon ane uther.

1817 W. Scott Rob Roy III. vii. 191 He drees the doom he ettled for me.

1842 A. Laing in Whistle-Binkie 3rd Ser. 29 I'll bless the doom I hae to dree That ettled her, my Highland maid, To dwell in Borristoun wi' me!

II. To conjecture, suppose. Cf. aim v. I.

5. transitive. To conjecture, consider, suppose; to reckon.Also with clause as object.Apparently unattested between the 14th and 19th centuries. Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) records this sense as still in use in Midlothian and Galloway in 1950.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > conjecture, guessing > conjecture, guess [verb (transitive)]

readOE

ettlec1275

divine1362

areadc1374

conjectc1374

aima1382

imaginec1405

supposec1405

imagine1477

conjecture1530

guessa1535

harpa1616

foreguess1640

c1275 (?a1200) [implied in: Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 12857 Na whit heo ne funden..buten..ban vnimete, bi atlinge [c1300 hatling] heom þuhte þritti uoðere. (at ettling n. 2)].

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 813 Alisaundrine anon atteled þat time, & knewe wel bi hire craft þat she had cast bi-fore, þat þei witterli þanne scholde wiþ William mete.

a1810 R. Tannahill Poems (1876) 361 Et'lin, if Ann gaed him a squeeze or a smirk, The jags o his bristles woud tickle her.

1857 Misty Morning (2nd Thousand) 242 My cart's gaun awa this mornin' tae bring hame some dead carcage which was ettled tae belang tae you!

1873 Notes & Queries 12 Apr. 300/1 ‘What is thy kin?’ said Ketil. She answered, ‘I ettle that is no business of thine.’

1902 D. S. Meldrum Conquest of Charlotte xvi. 276 I had long ettled her to be one of my kidney.

1936 R. MacLellan Toom Byres 23 Ye shairly dinna ettle her no to mak some show o bein affrontit.

Derivatives

† ettlement n. English regional (northern). Obsolete rare intention.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1787 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. Ettlement, intention.

ˈettler n. Scottish rare a person who strives hard for something. Sc. National Dict. records this word as still in use in Roxburghshire in 1944.

ΚΠ

1823 J. Galt Ringan Gilhaize II. xxx. 298 His father, through all the time of the first King Charles, an eydent ettler for preferment.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	ettle
释义	ettlen.¹ Brit. /ˈɛtl/, U.S. /ˈɛd(ə)l/ Forms: 1600s 1800s– ettle, 1800s– 'ettle, 1800s– ettley, 1800s– hettle. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: nettle n. Etymology: < nettle n., with metanalysis (compare N n.). English regional (midlands and southern). = nettle n. 1a. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Urticaceae (nettle and allies) > [noun] nettleeOE dock-nettlea1300 Greekish nettlec1450 Roman nettle1578 red nettle1611 ettle1688 urtica1706 bur-nettle1714 pill nettle1714 nettle plant1764 richweed1814 clearweed1822 sting-nettle1822 ongaonga1842 nettlewort1846 urtical1846 jinny1876 1688 Churchwardens' Accts. Minchinhampton in Archaeologia (1853) 35 451 For cutting of ettles. 1839 G. C. Lewis Gloss. Words Herefordshire 36 Ettles, or Ettleys, s. nettles. Also used in Gloucestershire. 1893 J. Salisbury Gloss. Words S.E. Worcs. 71 A remedy for the sting of a nettle, is to rub the affected part with a dock-leaf, repeating whilst doing so this charm:—‘Ettle, Ettle, 'ittle Dock, Dock sh'll 'ave a golden smock, Ettle shaunt a' nerrun.’ 1932 R. Fisher Eng. Names Commonest Wild Flowers I. 47 Common nettle (Urtica dioica), Devil's Apron, Devil's Leaf (or Plaything), Ettle, Female Nettle, [etc.]. 1979 N. Rogers Wessex Dial. Ettle, a nettle. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). ettlen.² Brit. /ˈɛt(ə)l/, U.S. /ˈɛd(ə)l/, Scottish English /ˈɛt(ə)l/ Forms: 1700s– ettle, 1800s attle. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: ettle v. Etymology: < ettle v. Scottish. †1. A chance, an opportunity. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > chance or causelessness > [noun] > chance or opportunity chance1297 occasiona1382 opportunitya1387 fair play?a1500 main chance1577 venturea1625 opening1752 ettle1768 slant1837 sporting chance1897 open go1918 a fair crack of the whip1929 1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess iii. 107 But fainness to be hame, that burnt my breast, Made me to tak the ettle when it keest. a1784 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherd 116 in Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) I found an ettle, and on easy terms I soon agreed to go and carry arms. 1822 J. Hogg Three Perils of Man I. iv. 56 A prime road,..only there's nae track; ye maun just take an ettle. a1894 A. Grewar in A. Reid Bards of Angus & Mearns (1897) 206/2 Wi' a half confined like aith I took my ettle. 2. Intent, purpose; an intention, an aim. Also: an attempt, an effort. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > endeavour > [noun] > an attempt tastec1330 assayc1386 proffera1400 proof?a1400 pluck?1499 saymenta1500 minta1522 attemptate1531 attempt1548 attemption1565 say1568 trice1579 offer1581 fling1590 tempt1597 essay1598 trial1614 tentative1632 molition1643 conamen1661 put1661 tentamen1673 conatus1722 shot1756 go1784 ettle1790 shy1824 hack1830 try1832 pop1839 slap1840 venture1842 stagger1865 flutter1874 whack1884 whirl1884 smack1889 swipe1892 buck1913 lash1941 wham1957 play1961 the mind > will > intention > [noun] > intention or purpose > end, purpose, or object willeOE errand?c1225 purposec1300 endc1305 emprisec1330 intentc1340 use1340 conclusionc1374 studya1382 pointc1385 causec1386 gamea1393 term?c1400 businessc1405 finec1405 intentionc1410 object?a1425 obtent?a1475 drift1526 intend1526 respect1528 flight1530 finality?1541 stop1551 scope1559 butt?1571 bent1579 aiming point1587 pursuitc1592 aim1595 devotion1597 meaning1605 maina1610 attempt1610 design1615 purport1616 terminusa1617 intendment1635 pretence1649 ettle1790 big (also great) idea1846 objective1878 objective1882 the name of the game1910 the object of the exercise1958 thrust1968 1790 R. Burns Tam o' Shanter 213 in Poems & Songs (1968) II. 564 Nannie..flew at Tam wi' furious ettle. 1839 G. MacIndoe in Whistle-Binkie 2nd Ser. 59 I'll tarry nane to tell..The ettle o' my eeran. 1866 J. Inglis Poems & Songs 74 Neither man nor doug Wad turn her frae her ettle. 1866 W. Gregor Dial. Banffshire (Philol. Soc.) 8 A' wid like t' hae an attle at it. 1913 H. P. Cameron tr. Thomas à Kempis Of Imitation of Christ i. xix Some platt ettle sud aye be made be us. 1983 W. L. Lorimer & R. L. C. Lorimer New Test. in Scots Rev. xvii. 439 For God hes pitten it intil their hairts tae execute his ettle. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). ettlev. Brit. /ˈɛt(ə)l/, U.S. /ˈɛd(ə)l/, Scottish English /ˈɛt(ə)l/, Irish English /ˈɛt(ə)l/ Forms: α. early Middle English atlie (south-west midlands), Middle English adl- (northern, inflected form), Middle English atle, Middle English attele, Middle English attell, Middle English attely (southern), Middle English atthill, Middle English attle, Middle English etelle, Middle English etil, Middle English etill, Middle English ettele, Middle English ettell, Middle English ettelle, Middle English ettil, Middle English ettille (in a late copy), Middle English ettyll, Middle English ettylle, Middle English etyl, Middle English etylle, Middle English–1500s etle, Middle English–1600s (1800s– Irish English (northern)) ettle, late Middle English (in a late copy) 1600s attil, 1600s attill, 1600s atyl; English regional 1700s– ettle, 1800s– airtle (Yorkshire); Scottish pre-1700 aitle, pre-1700 etel, pre-1700 ettell, pre-1700 ettil, pre-1700 ettill, pre-1700 ettille, pre-1700 ettyl, pre-1700 ettyll, pre-1700 1700s etle, pre-1700 1700s– ettle, pre-1700 1900s– eattle, pre-1700 1900s– eitle, 1800s attle (Banffshire), 1800s et'lin (present participle), 1800s ittle (Banffshire), 1900s– ettel; N.E.D. (1891) also records a form Middle English atyle. β. Chiefly northern Middle English aghlis (3rd singular indicative), Middle English aghtel, Middle English aghttil (east midlands), Middle English ahtil, Middle English aughtil, Middle English eghtel, Middle English eghtil, Middle English haghtil, Middle English hauȝtel. See also eccle v. Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymology: < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic ætla , etla to think, mean, suppose, intend, (reflexive) to decide, cognate with Old Swedish ætla (Swedish regional ättla (also ässla ) to count, reckon), Old Danish ætla to count, reckon < a suffixed form (compare -el suffix¹) of the Germanic base of aught n.¹The β. forms may reflect borrowing of the early Scandinavian etymon at a stage preceding assimilation of ht to tt, or they may reflect remodelling after Old English eaht, or even an independent verbal formation from the same elements within English. Chiefly (and now only) Scottish, Irish English* (northern), and English regional (northern) after Middle English. I. To intend, aim, and related senses. 1. a. transitive. To intend, propose, plan (to do something). Formerly also with †for to and infinitive and occasionally with bare infinitive, and intransitive with thereto referring to the intended action. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > intend [verb (transitive)] willeOE meaneOE minteOE i-muntec1000 thinkOE ettlea1200 intenta1300 meanc1330 forn-castc1374 intendc1374 ettlea1400 drive1425 proposec1425 purpose1433 attend1455 suppose1474 pretend1477 mindc1478 minda1513 pretence1565 appurpose1569 to drive at ——1574 thought to1578 hight1579 pretent1587 fore-intend1622 pre-intend1647 design1655 study1663 contemplate1794 purport1803 a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 79 He..wolde him seluen wreke gif he mihte, and þerto ettleð and abit his time. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16384 O yur king þat es in hand, quat aghtel yee do þan? c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 27 (MED) An aunter in erde I attle to schawe. a1425 (?a1350) Seven Sages (Galba) (1907) l. 3379 (MED) Mai I traist on þe, For to tel my preuete Þat I haue aghteld for to do? c1480 (a1400) St. Mary Magdalen 279 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 264 Þi husband eitlise þare-to..to helpe þe puyre of his riches. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) iv. x. 41 And maratour, quhat ettill I for to do? c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 47 Hit were..semly for wemen Þaire houses to haunt &..þere onesty attell to saue. 1641 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1871) I. 273 Thairwith etleing to haue persewit the said James. 1719 W. Hamilton Epist. to Ramsay 24 Aug. 18 Gin we ettle anes to taunt her, And dinna cawmly thole her Banter, She'll take the Flings. 1721 A. Ramsay Petit. Whin-bush Club ii Etling wi' spite to rive my reed, And give my muse a fa'. 1808 J. Mayne Siller Gun (new ed.) iv. 73 To bell the cat wi' sic a scrow, Some swankies ettled. 1863 J. Nicholson Kilwuddie 129 So bent on the bauble we ettle aye to win, The best o' life's blessings we lee far behin'. 1919 J. Buchan Mr. Standfast xxi. 360 Amos gie'd him a trench knife. But verra soon he looked as if he was ettlin' to cut his throat, so I deprived him of it. 1948 N. M. Gunn Shadow iii. 212 ‘To-morrow I'm going to have a wee vamp at the grieve.’ ‘You're not ettling to kiss him, are you?’ 2000 M. Fitt But n Ben A-go-go vii. 64 Lars Fergusson had ettled tae murder him an nou somethin else wis hurlin itsel at pace in his direction. b. transitive. To intend, propose, plan (something). Also: to seek to bring about (a result).Also with clause as object. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > intend [verb (transitive)] willeOE meaneOE minteOE i-muntec1000 thinkOE ettlea1200 intenta1300 meanc1330 forn-castc1374 intendc1374 ettlea1400 drive1425 proposec1425 purpose1433 attend1455 suppose1474 pretend1477 mindc1478 minda1513 pretence1565 appurpose1569 to drive at ——1574 thought to1578 hight1579 pretent1587 fore-intend1622 pre-intend1647 design1655 study1663 contemplate1794 purport1803 a1400 Siege Jerusalem (Laud) (1932) l. 366 (MED) Vnbuxum we beþ..his deþ haue we atled. c1450 (?a1400) Parl. Thre Ages (BL Add. 31042) l. 483 He made a blyot..of the berdes of kynges, And aughtilde Sir Arthures berde one scholde be. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xii. xiii. 14 Quhat purposis or etlis thou now? lat see. 1591 in C. Innes Registrum Honoris de Morton (1853) I. 171 The mischevous practizes ettillit be Sathan..aganis our awin estait and persoun. 1728 A. Ramsay Poems II. 301 She threw the Stane, and ettled Death. 1774 C. Keith Farmer's Ha' 35 They wad think it a braw scheme..Mischief to ettle. 1870 in A. Cameron Family Treasury 532/2 If God really says ‘everlasting destruction’, while you tell me..that he doesna ettle the ‘everlasting’ to be everlasting after all, I would need to see his own back-line. 1898 J. Buchan John Burnet iii. iv I dinna think he ettled it, for when he began I think he didna mean mair than to punish him for his words. 1977 R. McLellan Linmill Stories 13 I was grieved that she suld think I could ettle her ony hairm. 1986 Chapman No. 43–4. 28 Ye're no for usin on Jamie what she ettlet for the coo? †c. transitive (reflexive). With infinitive as complement. To intend, propose, plan to do what is specified by the complement. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > intend [verb (reflexive)] turnc1175 tightc1300 castc1386 bethink1387 ettlec1440 c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 554 (MED) Bee Estyre..I ettyll my selfen To hostaye in Almayne. a1500 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Trin. Dublin) l. 2829 (MED) Þou..ettlys þe [c1450 Ashm. etils to] sir Alexander efte to assayle. 2. a. intransitive. With adverb or prepositional phrase: to direct one's course, make one's way, head. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct one's course [verb (intransitive)] thinkeOE bowa1000 seta1000 scritheOE minlOE turnc1175 to wend one's wayc1225 ettlec1275 hieldc1275 standc1300 to take (the) gatec1330 bear?c1335 applyc1384 aim?a1400 bend1399 hita1400 straighta1400 bounc1400 intendc1425 purposec1425 appliquec1440 stevenc1440 shape1480 make1488 steera1500 course1555 to make out1558 to make in1575 to make for ——a1593 to make forth1594 plyc1595 trend1618 tour1768 to lie up1779 head1817 loop1898 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12974 Lete we nu þene eotend bi-lafuen and atlien [c1300 Otho go we] to þan kinge. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1760 Alisaundrine anon attelede to hire boure. c1450 (c1350) Alexander & Dindimus (Bodl.) (1929) l. 15 Þat Alixandre wiþ his ost atlede þidire. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid ix. ix. 66 Quhayr thikkest was the pres thar etlis he. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 138 Eneas afterward etlit onone. 1827 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. June 911 He..ettles at an island a quarter o' a mile aff. 1867 T. Martin Mem. William Edmondstoune Aytoun iii. 70 They're ettling for the manses, John—they're ettling fast and fain. 1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby ‘Ill ettle for yam’, Ill turn my steps homeward. 1972 G. M. Brown Greenvoe (1976) ii. 45 The Siloam nosed and ettled into the grey sprawl of waves and sent up arcs of swift stinging spray. b. transitive. To direct (something) to or at a person or thing; esp. to aim (a blow or missile) at. Also intransitive to take aim (at).Formerly also with double object (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > space > direction > direct [verb (transitive)] > aim at > aim (a blow, weapon, etc.) reachOE seta1300 shapec1400 ettlec1450 charge1509 bend1530 level1530 aimc1565 butt1594 levy1618 to give level to1669 wise1721 intenda1734 train1795 sight1901 to zero in1944 c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 2322 (MED) To all ȝow of Athenes þus etill [a1500 Trin. Dublin atthill] I my saȝes. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) viii. l. 269 Bot Wallace..Folowed on him and a straik etlyt fast. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) v. ix. 37 Mynestheus..Onto the hed hess halyt vp on hie Baith arow and eyn, etland at the mark. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 99^v He auntrid vpon Ector atlit hym a dynt. c1650 (a1500) Eger & Grime (Percy) (1933) 274 Grime..attilde him a dint that bote full weele. 1719 E. Wardlaw Hardyknute 10 Fast the braid Arrow flew: Wae to the Knight he ettled at, Lament now Queen Elgreed. 1789 D. Davidson Thoughts Seasons 113 The blow was ettled at a tall ane, A bra ware cock. 1830 J. Galt Lawrie Todd II. iv. xi. 90 By a glance he gave me,..I was persuaded he had something to ettle at me. 1862 A. Hislop Prov. Scotl. 7 Aft ettle, whiles hit. 1926 H. Hendry Poems 99 When bowls rin straught, a bonnie sicht, To whare I ettled. c. intransitive. Chiefly with prepositional phrase: to direct one's efforts toward achieving or attaining something; to aim, strive; to try. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > endeavour > attempt [verb (transitive)] > strive for or after tilla900 strivea1300 aswinkc1300 ofswinkc1300 forstrivec1315 beswink1377 to follow after ——c1390 hacka1450 ontilla1450 prosecutea1530 to scratch for1581 ettle1592 push1595 1592 in A. I. Cameron Warrender Papers (1932) II. 197 That..the alteratioun of religioun presentlie professit..suld haif bene ettillit to. a1605 R. Bannatyne Memorials Trans. Scotl. (1836) 325 The Monsieur dar not chenge his religione, giff he etle to the croun of France. 1606 in Lett. Eccl. Affairs Scotl. (1851) I. 118 I have etled to the executione of your Maiesties directiones. 1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd i. ii When a they ettle at—their greatest wish Is to be made o' and obtain a kiss. 1757 T. Smollett Reprisal i. xii. 11 He's a gowk, and a gauky, to ettle at diverting the poor lassy with the puppet‐shew of her ain misfortune. 1820 W. Scott Monastery II. iii^. 130 They that ettle to the top of the ladder will at least get up some rounds. 1879 G. MacDonald Sir Gibbie* II. v. 86 I s' tell ye what I think I wad ettle after. 1950 B. Scott Lambs of God i, in Sc. People's Theatre (Assoc. Scottish Lit. Studies) (2008) 208 He was ettlin for five minutes, but she wasn't i' the mood. 1983 W. L. Lorimer & R. L. C. Lorimer New Test. in Scots 2 Tim. ii. 364 Turn your back on the craves an passions o youth, an ettle at righteousness an faith. d. intransitive. To be eager to do something; to yearn for or after something. ΚΠ 1866 W. Gregor Dial. Banffshire (Philol. Soc.) 8 The horse wiz attlin' t' be latten oot. 1896 J. M. Barrie Margaret Ogilvy ix. 180 I can call to mind not one little thing I ettled for in my lusty days that hasna been put into my hands in my auld age. 1928 N. Shepherd Quarry Wood xvi. 243 She's been ettlin' aifter a shift this whilie back. 1954 J. Lane Phoenix & Laurel i. i. 24 You'll be ettling to get back to your duties. 2001 J. Robertson Fanatic 71 There's some o them jist ettlin for a chance tae defend their cause frae the dragoons. †3. a. transitive. To arrange, set in order; to prepare. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > put in (proper) order [verb (transitive)] rightlOE attire1330 ettlea1350 to set (also put) in rulea1387 redress1389 dress?a1400 fettlea1400 governc1405 yraylle1426 direct1509 settlec1530 tune1530 instruct1534 rede1545 commodate1595 square1596 concinnate1601 concinnea1620 rectify1655 fix1663 to put (also bring) into repair1673 arrange1802 pipeclay1806 to get together1810 to do up1886 to jack up1939 a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 38 (MED) Hire teht aren..euene set ant atled al. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 38^v Arowes and other geire atled I a non. b. transitive (reflexive). To prepare oneself (to do something). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (reflexive)] yarec888 yarkc1000 graithc1230 dightc1275 to make yarec1290 arrayc1320 tirec1330 agraith1340 buska1350 readya1350 dressc1350 shapec1374 disposec1375 ordainc1380 rayc1380 makec1390 bouna1400 updressa1400 fettlec1400 address1447 ettlec1450 aready1470 to make oneself forth1488 busklea1555 poise1639 arrange1865 c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 1157 (MED) Þan etils him sir Alexander. ?c1600 (c1515) Sc. Field (Lyme) 182 in I. F. Baird Poems Stanley Family (D.Phil. thesis, Univ. of Birm.) (1990) 237 Our Englishmen full egerly attilde them to shoott. ?c1600 (c1515) Sc. Field (Lyme) 320 in I. F. Baird Poems Stanley Family (D.Phil. thesis, Univ. of Birm.) (1990) 243 We egerlie with ire atylde [c1650 Percy attilld] them to meete. †4. transitive. To destine, ordain, assign to or for, or to do something. Obsolete.In Middle English also with indirect object. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > necessity > fate or destiny as determining events > predestine or predetermine [verb (transitive)] shapea1000 dightc1000 besee1297 weirda1300 destinec1300 ordainc1390 ettlea1400 destinyc1400 eure1428 fortunec1430 foreordainc1440 order1532 preordain1533 predefine1542 prefine1545 destinate1548 fore-pointa1557 fore-appoint1561 pre-ordinate1565 foreset1573 forepurpose1581 sort1592 predestinate1593 predetermine1601 pre-appoint1603 forecall1613 fatea1616 predesign1630 predeterminate1637 pre-order1640 predestine1642 ordinate1850 foreordinate1858 preset1926 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 9426 (MED) Qua herd euer spek o mare bliss, þan aghteld [Trin. Cambr. ordeyned] was adam and his? a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 21759 (MED) Godd þat haghtils ilk in stat. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. i. 30 This Goddes etlit..This realme to be..mastres To all landis. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 105 Pepull Þat by ordynaunse of Ector was etlit to hym. 1688 in H. Paton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1932) 3rd Ser. XIII. 249 That quhich was etled for you shall light upon ane uther. 1817 W. Scott Rob Roy III. vii. 191 He drees the doom he ettled for me. 1842 A. Laing in Whistle-Binkie 3rd Ser. 29 I'll bless the doom I hae to dree That ettled her, my Highland maid, To dwell in Borristoun wi' me! II. To conjecture, suppose. Cf. aim v. I. 5. transitive. To conjecture, consider, suppose; to reckon.Also with clause as object.Apparently unattested between the 14th and 19th centuries. Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) records this sense as still in use in Midlothian and Galloway in 1950. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > conjecture, guessing > conjecture, guess [verb (transitive)] readOE ettlec1275 divine1362 areadc1374 conjectc1374 aima1382 imaginec1405 supposec1405 imagine1477 conjecture1530 guessa1535 harpa1616 foreguess1640 c1275 (?a1200) [implied in: Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 12857 Na whit heo ne funden..buten..ban vnimete, bi atlinge [c1300 hatling] heom þuhte þritti uoðere. (at ettling n. 2)]. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 813 Alisaundrine anon atteled þat time, & knewe wel bi hire craft þat she had cast bi-fore, þat þei witterli þanne scholde wiþ William mete. a1810 R. Tannahill Poems (1876) 361 Et'lin, if Ann gaed him a squeeze or a smirk, The jags o his bristles woud tickle her. 1857 Misty Morning (2nd Thousand) 242 My cart's gaun awa this mornin' tae bring hame some dead carcage which was ettled tae belang tae you! 1873 Notes & Queries 12 Apr. 300/1 ‘What is thy kin?’ said Ketil. She answered, ‘I ettle that is no business of thine.’ 1902 D. S. Meldrum Conquest of Charlotte xvi. 276 I had long ettled her to be one of my kidney. 1936 R. MacLellan Toom Byres 23 Ye shairly dinna ettle her no to mak some show o bein affrontit. Derivatives † ettlement n. English regional (northern). Obsolete rare intention.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1787 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. Ettlement, intention. ˈettler n. Scottish rare a person who strives hard for something. Sc. National Dict. records this word as still in use in Roxburghshire in 1944. ΚΠ 1823 J. Galt Ringan Gilhaize II. xxx. 298 His father, through all the time of the first King Charles, an eydent ettler for preferment. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.¹1688n.²1768v.a1200
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ettlen.1

ettlen.2

ettlev.

Derivatives

ettlen.¹

ettlen.²