anointv.

Brit.

/əˈnɔɪnt/, U.S.

/əˈnɔɪnt/

Forms:

α. Middle English anoynt (past tense), Middle English anoynte (past tense), Middle English anoyntt, Middle English anynte, Middle English onoynt, Middle English–1600s annoynt, Middle English–1600s annoynte, Middle English–1600s anoynt, Middle English–1600s anoynte, Middle English– anoint, 1500s anontyd (past participle), 1500s–1600s annointe, 1500s–1600s anointe, 1500s– annoint (now nonstandard), 1900s– anint (English regional); also Scottish pre-1700 annoynt, pre-1700 anoinct, pre-1700 anoynt, 1900s– an'int; N.E.D. (1884) also records a form late Middle English annoynt.

β. Middle English ennointe, Middle English ennoynt, Middle English ennoynte, Middle English enoignte, Middle English enonte, Middle English enowntid (past participle), Middle English enoynt (past tense), Middle English enoynte (past tense), Middle English enoyntt, Middle English eynoynt, Middle English ynoynted (past participle), Middle English ynoyntid (past participle), Middle English–1500s enoint, Middle English–1500s enointe, Middle English–1500s enoynt, Middle English–1500s enoynte, 1500s ennoint, 1500s enoyncte; Scottish pre-1700 ennownte, pre-1700 ennoynt, pre-1700 enonte, pre-1700 enoynt, pre-1700 enoynte; N.E.D. (1884) also records a form late Middle English ennoint.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly formed within English, by conversion. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: anoint adj.; French enoint, enoindre.

Etymology: Partly (i) < anoint adj., and partly (ii) < its etymon Anglo-Norman enoynt, Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French enoint, Anglo-Norman and Middle French inoint, past participle of enoindre (also enoyndre , inoindre ) enoine v. Compare oint v., earlier enoine v., and later noint v., inunct v.Analysis of forms. Although the past participles in y- listed in the β. forms (compare also late Middle English inoynted at anointed adj. and n. Forms) are paralleled by forms in i- of anoint adj. and the Middle French past participle inoint (see above), they were probably reinforced in Middle English by association with past participles in y- prefix (perhaps motivated in part by reanalysis of the first syllable of the α. forms as a- prefix²: see discussion at that entry). Early modern forms in -ct- probably show remodelling immediately after either classical Latin inunct- , past participial stem of inunguere (see inunct v.) or unct- , past participial stem of unguere , ungere (see oint v. and compare γ. forms at that entry); compare similarly Middle French enoinct , variant of enoint , past participle (see anoint adj.), attested from at least the early 15th cent. Development of specific senses. In sense 6 after Middle French oindre (see oint v.) in the specific senses ‘to hit (a part of the body)’ (13th cent. in Old French), ‘to beat, inflict pain on’ (15th cent. or earlier), apparently with allusion to the concept of physical chastisement as a remedy for sin or wrongdoing. Compare later noint v. 2.

I. To smear or rub with oil, or another liquid or substance, and related senses.

1. Originally and chiefly Christian Church.

a. transitive. To smear (a person who is sick, dying, or infirm) with blessed oil, as part of the sacrament of extreme unction, or the anointing of the sick.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > sacrament > (extreme) unction > anoint [verb (transitive)]

smearc825

ChristeOE

fatc1000

elec1275

chrisoma1300

enoil1340

alinec1350

anelec1350

anoint1357

ointa1382

anointa1398

creme1398

forsmerla1400

nointa1400

smerla1400

in oil(s)a1536

chrism1537

benoint1594

chrismatize1664

society > faith > worship > sacrament > (extreme) unction > anoint [verb (transitive)] > of the sick or dying

anoint1357

anelea1400

enoila1450

[implied in: J. Gaytryge Lay Folks' Catech. (York Min.) (1901) l. 328 The fift sacrement is the last enoynting With oyle. (at anointing n. 1)].

?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 12 Þei anoynte not the seke men.

c1440 in G. G. Perry Eng. Prose Treat. (1921) 6 He..Anoynte hym, and swa he dyede.

a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Royal) v. l. 4032 He ordanyd als quhen men suld de Anoynted wyth haly oyhle to be.

1579 G. Gilpin tr. P. van Marnix van Sant Aldegonde Bee Hiue of Romishe Church iii. ii. f. 225^v The holie oyntment, wherewith they do vse to anoint the sicke, when they lie a passing.

1679 Church of Rome Unmask'd 64 Having the Priests absolution, and being anointed with their Extream Unction, they are secured from Hell and damnation.

a1773 A. Butler Moveable Feasts Catholic Church (1774) vi. iv. 358 The Oil of the Sick, which serves to anoint the Sick in moral Danger of Death, in the Sacrament of Extreme Unction.

1830 E. Harrison Protestant Instructor 203 ‘Anoint the sick man,’ say the Romanists, ‘and then let him die!!’

1882 P. Schaff et al. Relig. Encycl. I. 789 Irenaeus simply says that the Herakleonites, a Gnostic sect, anointed the dying with a mixture of oil and water.

1911 C. J. Jackson Illustr. Hist. Eng. Plate (1973) I. 372 Lifting the tow or wool from the bottom of the oil-pot to the thumb of the priest for anointing the recipient of the unction.

2009 Maryland Gaz. (Nexis) 11 Nov. b4 Anointing of the sick is available after the 12:15 p.m. Mass Sunday. The sacrament is available to anyone with a serious or chronic illness of mind, body or spirit, those needing major surgery, and the elderly. Those wishing to be anointed should let the priest know after the Mass.

b. transitive. To smear (a person or thing) with oil, chrism, or a similar liquid, for religious purposes or as part of a religious ceremony; spec. to accept (a person) into the Christian Church by performing this action. Also more generally: to bless. Cf. quot. c1350¹ at anoint adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > sacrament > (extreme) unction > anoint [verb (transitive)]

smearc825

ChristeOE

fatc1000

elec1275

chrisoma1300

enoil1340

alinec1350

anelec1350

anoint1357

ointa1382

anointa1398

creme1398

forsmerla1400

nointa1400

smerla1400

in oil(s)a1536

chrism1537

benoint1594

chrismatize1664

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. ix. xxxiv. 551 Þe bisschop..blessiþ þe wallis wiþ crisma and anoyntiþ hem.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1446 (MED) Wyth besten blod busily anoynted.

a1450 (?a1390) J. Mirk Instr. Parish Priests (Claud.) (1974) l. 670 Wassche þe chylde ouer þe font Þere he was anoynted in þe front.

a1500 (?c1425) Speculum Sacerdotale (1936) 102 (MED) Oyle þrouȝ whiche baptised [men] ben enoyntid.

1592 A. Willet Synopsis Papismi 443 He is anoynted with holie Chrisme in the top of the head, & thereby is become a Christian.

1677 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Oxford-shire viii. 204 I was told of a sort of sectaries..called Anointers, from the ceremony they use of anointing all persons before they admit them into their Church.

1697 W. Jameson Nazianzeni Querela i. viii. 63 The Constantinopolitan Council appoints that reduced Hereticks and Schismaticks must be anointed on the Fore-head, Eyes, Nose, Mouth and Ears.

1763 G. Ridley Life Dr. N. Ridley iv. 245 In Baptism exorcism was used, the infant was anointed, thrice dipped, and had the chrysom put upon it.

1844 Church of Eng. Mag. 16 Mar. 189/1 It [sc. a bell] is, moreover, anointed with the chrism, or holy oil, and exorcised by the bishop.

1856 Art-Jrnl. Dec. 365/2 Apollo washes his body in the stream, anoints it with ambrosia, [etc.].

1904 Jewish Encycl. (1906) 390/1 Aaron the high priest was anointed with sacred oil.

2002 J. Cleave Rom. Catholic Trad. 102/1 The priest exorcizes..and anoints the child, a sign that in the future the child will reject evil.

a. transitive. To smear or rub (a person, a part of the body, etc.) with oil, ointment, or another soft substance, for medicinal or cosmetic purposes; (more generally) to smear or rub (a surface, a thing, etc.) with a substance. Frequently with with.

ΚΠ

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 139 Whan þat womman þer-wiȝt hadde..wel an-oynted þe child..he wex to a werwolf.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vi. l. 1974 Thanne ferst he hath enoignted With sondri herbes that figure, And therupon he gan conjure.

c1400 Last Age of Church (1840) p. xxxv Wiþ his blood he anoyntide þe glas.

a1475 Bk. Hawking (Harl. 2340) in Studia Neophilol. (1944) 16 14 (MED) Anoynt the hawke is erys with oyle of Olyve.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. iii. 31 Anoynt thi ship with pik.

?1518 A. Barclay Fyfte Eglog sig. Avj^v With butter, for to anoynt theyr necke.

1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler 139 The box in which he put those worms was anointed with a drop, or two..of the oil of Ivy-berries.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 140 With Nectar she her Son anoints, Infusing Vigour through his mortal Joynts.

1779 Farmer's Mag. Dec. 380 Washing dogs with train oil, or anointing them with..hog's lard, have..been recommended.

1795 J. Latta Pract. Syst. Surg. III. i. 131 The arrows with which the Indians in that part of the world hunt wild beasts are anointed with a vegetable poison.

1808 T. Taylor tr. Aristotle Generation Animals ii. vii. 328 The eyes are anointed with a coloured liquor.

1891 W. T. Hornaday Taxidermy & Zool. Collecting iii. xxxiv. 264 After this thin coat has hardened, anoint the surface of it with lard oil or clay water.

1979 D. Attenborough Life on Earth (1981) viii. 179 The bird takes the oil from it..and anoints its feathers individually so that they are kept supple and water-repellent.

2007 Independent 16 Jan. (Extra section) 7/5 All visitors are required to anoint their hands with an anti MRSA disinfectant rub before proceeding to the wards.

b. transitive. To smear or rub (a dead body) with oil, spices, or another substance, typically in preparation for burial or to preserve it from decay; to embalm. Cf. quots. ?c1350, a1387 at anoint adj.

ΚΠ

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Gen. l. 3 (MED) The custom of deed bodies anoyntid [E.V.: anoynt].

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke xxiii. f. clxxii^v For whan they seke hym as dead to bee anoynted and spyced, they haue due knowelage that he is alyue.

1611 E. Aston tr. J. Boemus Manners, Lawes, & Customes vii. 90 They bury their dead bodies in the earth, annoynting them first with wax.

1783 T. Wilson Archæol. Dict. sig. H2 The body for about thirty days was anointed with oil of cedar, myrrh, cinnamon, and other spices, to preserve it from putrefaction.

?1923 Anthropos 1923–24 18–19 422 Among the Bhondâri of Ganjam, the corpse is washed, anointed, and wrapped in a new cloth.

2012 Amer. Poetry Rev. Nov. 48 Consider this terracotta jar, once filled with olive oil to anoint the dead.

c. transitive. To smear or rub (oil, ointment, or another soft substance) on a person or thing, esp. for medicinal or cosmetic purposes. Usually with on, upon. Cf. quot. c1380 at anoint adj. Now rare.

ΚΠ

?1550 H. Llwyd tr. Pope John XXI Treasury of Healthe sig. N.vi^v A Foxe eaten, and the suet therof anoyntyd on the pacyent, is a great helpe.

1568 T. Hill Proffitable Arte Gardening (rev. ed.) iii. xxi. f. 82^v The ashes of the Dyl..may proffitably be annointed on moiste vlcers.

1622 D. N. tr. R. Verstegan Newes from Low-countreyes 56 How must he then speed that must bring this forcefull poyson in a bladder..and anoynt it on the chayre and on the saddle?

1663 Marquis of Worcester Cent. Names & Scantlings Inventions lxiv The green Oile..that was first anointed and used between the barrel [of the Cannon]..and the Engine [for loading].

1769 tr. J. de Bondt Acct. Dis. E. Indies xvi. 72 There distils from it an oiliness,..which, anointed upon the eye, is an immediate remedy.

1896 B. Douglass tr. Minor Prophets 69 Thou, thou shalt not reap: thou, thou shalt tread the olive but thou shalt not anoint oil.

2006 ‘Lady Rhea’ Enchanted Formulary ii. iv. 174 Anoint the oil on green, yellow, gold, orange, blue, and purple candles.

d. intransitive. To smear or rub oneself with oil, ointment, or another soft substance.

ΚΠ

1697 J. Potter Archæologiæ Græcæ I. i. viii. 41 The Greeks usually Anointed before Meals.

1714 D. Turner De Morbis Cutaneis i. ii. 23 She had bathed, anointed, and strictly dieted to no purpose, the Distemper not giving way, but keeping at a Stand.

1832 E. Robinson Calmet's Dict. Holy Bible (rev. ed.) 67/1 They anointed and perfumed, from principles of health and cleanness, as well as religion.

1995 D. C. Rubin Memory in Oral Trad. (1997) 212 The real-world constraint of having to wash before anointing and having to anoint before dressing..fixes this pattern.

a. transitive. To confer divine or sacred office on (a person), esp. by smearing with oil or chrism; to appoint to the office of king, priest, etc. Also more generally: to appoint (a person) to an important position, esp. a political position. Frequently with complement indicating the office or position conferred. Cf. quot. c1350³ at anoint adj.

ΚΠ

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds iv. 27 Thi hooly child Jhesu, whom thou anoyntidest..for to do the thingis, that thin hond and thi counceil demiden for to be don.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 206 (MED) Enoynted he was als kyng.

1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. aiij/1 All kynges of fraunce ben enoynted at Raynes.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cxvii With al solempnitie, he was anoynted and crouned kyng of Fraunce, by the Cardinal of Winchester.

1611 Bible (King James) Exod. xxviii. 41 Thou..shalt annoint them, and consecrate them..that they may minister vnto mee in the Priests office.

1702 J. Savage Compl. Hist. Germany 102 He was Anointed and Crown'd at Mentz by Archbishop Villigisus..under the Name and Title of Henry II.

1817 J. Power in D. H. Woodforde Woodforde Papers (1932) iv. 146 I contented myself..by saying I was anointed of the Lord, a Rev. Father.

1857 Marion (S. Carolina) Star 11 Aug. No leader is anointed against the vengeance of an outraged people, and no official is so high that popular justice cannot reach him.

1919 C. E. Laughlin Martyred Towns France x. 198 The archbishop anointed the king, placed the crown on his head, and conducted him to the throne.

1998 Prospect Mar. 10/1 In the Middle of the March the German Social Democrats will anoint their candidate for chancellor.

2011 Sunday Tel. (Nexis) 6 Mar. 2 Exactly a century ago..King George V was anointed Emperor of India.

b. transitive. With complement. To pronounce or proclaim (a person) to be what is specified by the complement.

ΚΠ

1943 Jrnl. Relig. 23 123/1 It is incumbent upon us to..invade life with spirit, and to anoint the slaves of selfishness princes of spirit.

1989 Sport Dec. 21/2 David Stern was annointed a genius for bringing up-tempo to the game.

2002 Time Out N.Y. 19 Sept. 67/4 He caught his break when Anna Wintour anointed him the Next Big Thing after his fall 2001 garbage-glam show on the Lower East Side.

c. transitive. To approve of (a person or thing); to endorse.

ΚΠ

1990 Micro Decision Feb. 84/3 Manufacturer standards do not often become industry standards unless they are first widely adapted as de facto standards by users or are anointed by an influential industry group.

2007 Sight & Sound Mar. 26/1 The young director, anointed by Sundance, Cannes and the box office.

2018 @BoF 13 Sept. in twitter.com (accessed 18 Oct. 2018) Anointed by Oprah Winfrey and Michelle Obama, the 18-year-old ‘Black-ish’ star, Tory Burch..is schooling the fashion industry on race, activism and the future.

4. transitive. Of oil or another substance: to be smeared or rubbed on (a person or part of a person's body), esp. for religious or ceremonial purposes. Also figurative.

ΚΠ

a1617 A. Fisher Def. Liturgie Church of Eng. (1630) ii. iv. 293 Let not the oyle of the sinner anoint my head.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 371 Fragrant Oils the stiffen'd Limbs anoint.

1753 G. Whitefield Hymns x. 8 His Hand in sight of all their Foes Doth still their Table spread, Their Cup with Blessings overflows, His Oil anoints their Head.

1759 J. Hart Hymns lix. 82 When our great Melchisedec The true Atonement came to make, A holy Oil anoints Him too, Richer than Aaron ever knew.

1868 C. Heavysege Jezebel i. 74 Neither for years shall be allowed to fall Dew to anoint the ground.

1907 Dublin Rev. Jan. 28 And last, when this our ‘mortal coil’ Draws nigh its earthy goal, 'Tis Holy Unction's sacred oil Anoints the passing soul.

2004 K. Ball Test of Faith 218 Hot tears anointed the tiny stitches on the quilt formed generations ago by a mother's patient, loving hands.

2017 Catholic Libr. World 88 123 Prayers are offered and sacred oil anoints the parish leaders.

II. Extended uses.

†5. transitive. To flatter (a person) lavishly and (often) insincerely; to butter up. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > flatter [verb (transitive)]

flatter?c1225

flackera1250

slickc1250

blandishc1305

blandc1315

glozec1330

beflatter1340

curryc1394

elkena1400

glaverc1400

anointa1425

glotherc1480

losenge1480

painta1513

to hold in halsc1560

soothe1580

smooth1584

smooth1591

soothe1601

pepper1654

palp1657

smoothify1694

butter1700

asperse1702

palaver1713

blarney1834

sawder1834

soft-soap1835

to cock up1838

soft-solder1838

soother1842

behoney1845

soap1853

beslaver1861

beslobber1868

smarm1902

sugar1923

sweetmouth1948

smooth-talk1950

a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 1057 These losengeris hem preyse and smylen And thus the world with word anoynten [Fr. oignent].

1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) lxxxxiii. 126 More worthe is the frend, whiche prycketh than the flaterynge frend whiche enoynteth.

1597 Bp. J. King Lect. Ionas xxxvii. 501 First, rende your heartes. What? shall we smooth them? annointe them? flatter them? binde them vp?

1632 J. Mabbe tr. J. de Santa Maria Policie Unveiled xxviii. 335 Hee came to our first parents, and began to smooth, and annoynt them with his inticing flatteries.

1861 J. J. Jarves Art Stud. 39 Anointed with refined flattery and obsequious courtesy.

6. transitive. To beat, thrash (a person or part of a person's body); to chastise. Frequently in figurative contexts. Now chiefly slang and regional.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > administer corporal punishment [verb (transitive)] > beat > soundly or severely

anointa1500

peppera1550

bumbastea1566

dust1612

blue-beata1627

cullis1639

chafe1673

to tan (a person's) hide1679

a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) l. 5653 The kyng Away fly, Which so well was Anoynted [Fr. si bien oingt] indede, That no sleue ne pane had he hole of brede.

1528 W. Tyndale Obed. Christen Man f. cxxix^v We saye of a wantan childe, this shepe hath magottes in his tayle, he must be anoynted with byrchin salve which speach I borow of the shepardes.

1684 T. Guidott Gideon's Fleece 18 Whipping Cat of Ninetails, or Strappade, Anointed well with Oyl of Bastinado, Be justly due to a true Renegado.

1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random I. v. 26 I'll bring him to the gang-way, and anoint him with a cat and nine tails.

1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller II. 287 Seize a trusty staff..and anoint the back of the aggressor.

1890 J. S. Farmer Slang I. 57/1 In the North of England the saying is somewhat more analogous—‘to anoint with the sap of a hazel rod’.

1937 S. MacManus Bold Blades of Donegal 299 Bad luck to him over again!.. And may the Divil anoint him as I'm hungry to anoint him with this stick.

1962 J. E. Ragen & C. Finston Inside World's Toughest Prison App. B. 789 Anoint, to flog or whip.

Phrases

† to anoint a person's hand (or palm, fist, etc.) and variants: to bribe or tip someone. Frequently with with. Cf. grease v. 4b, oil v. 5a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [verb (intransitive)] > practise bribery

to grease (a person's) hand (also palm)1528

to anoint a person's hand1542

bribe1547

whiddlec1661

to mollify the fist1698

boodle1887

to oil a person's palm1925

1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes i. f. 173 That persone appoynted and made iudge..that cometh first to enoyncte or greace the handes, of hym that geueth the office.

1569 E. Fenton tr. P. Boaistuau Certaine Secrete Wonders Nature f. 135 Brybing the Solicitoures, and annointing their clarkes in the hand with double fee.

1620 tr. G. Boccaccio Decameron I. i. vi. f. 21 To be more mercifully dealt withall, he..so annointed his hands with Saint Iohns golden grease.

1626 L. Owen Running Reg. 12 Constrained to anoint Pope Paulus Quintus in the fist with Indian oyle, for his good-will.

1873 Scribner's Monthly Dec. 191/1 He was obliged..to anoint his examiners' palms, that they might handle him gently.

1899 Yale Lit. Mag. Dec. 119 Having no macaroon I anointed his palm with a coin and a hearty hope for better days.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022).

单词	anoint
释义	† anointadj. Forms: α. Middle English annoynt, Middle English anoynt, Middle English anoynte, Middle English anunt, Middle English 1800s anoint, late Middle English anoytt (transmission error). β. Middle English enoignt, Middle English enoint, Middle English enoynt, Middle English inoynt; Scottish pre-1700 enonte, pre-1700 enoynt. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French enoint, enoindre. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman enoint, use as adjective (mid 13th cent. or earlier) of Anglo-Norman enoynt, Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French enoint, Anglo-Norman and Middle French inoint, past participle of enoindre (also enoyndre , inoindre ) enoine v. Compare anoint v. and earlier enoine v., and also later anointed adj.The α. forms show alteration of the initial vowel, perhaps by association with verbs in an- prefix¹ or past participles in a- prefix². Obsolete (archaic in later use). Smeared with oil or another substance; embalmed; blessed, appointed; = anointed adj. Chiefly as past participle.Attested earlier than anoint v. in several senses: see anoint v. 1b, 2b, 2c, 3a. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > (extreme) unction > [adjective] > anointed y-eledc1275 anointc1350 ointedc1384 anointed?c1400 aneled1440 greasy?1542 oiled1546 smeared?1550 nointed1566 c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 15 Þorwe creymie anoynt strange he bi-comþe His sauuement to winne. c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 85 Þat noble corps of ihesu cryst..Wel richeleche hit was anoynt. c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) ii. 2 (MED) Oȝains our Lord and oȝain hys preste anoint wyþ creme. ?c1350 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 14th Cent. (1924) 51 In-oynt he was wyt aromat. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 514 (MED) For hwych man þat haueþ any wounde & beo þer-wiþ enoynt, it wil don him be hol & sounde. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1961) Num. vi. 15 Þynne cakys..anoynt [L. uncta] wiþ oyle. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 309 Iacob..deyde, and was anoynt, and i-kept þritty dayes. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) l. 7416 (MED) Þe prest þat ys a-noynt. c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 2097 Who wrastleth best naked, with oille enoynt [c1415 Corpus Oxf. anoynt, c1415 Lansd. anoynte]. c1480 (a1400) St. Andrew l. 212 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 69 In a sek..þat was enoynt with pik and ter. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) iv. v. l. 80 Hys hair enoynt weil prunȝeit vndir that. 1850 P. J. Bailey Angel World 100 Thou too the olive, whence distils the oil Of inspiration for the elect anoint! This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022). anointv. Brit. /əˈnɔɪnt/, U.S. /əˈnɔɪnt/ Forms: α. Middle English anoynt (past tense), Middle English anoynte (past tense), Middle English anoyntt, Middle English anynte, Middle English onoynt, Middle English–1600s annoynt, Middle English–1600s annoynte, Middle English–1600s anoynt, Middle English–1600s anoynte, Middle English– anoint, 1500s anontyd (past participle), 1500s–1600s annointe, 1500s–1600s anointe, 1500s– annoint (now nonstandard), 1900s– anint (English regional); also Scottish pre-1700 annoynt, pre-1700 anoinct, pre-1700 anoynt, 1900s– an'int; N.E.D. (1884) also records a form late Middle English annoynt. β. Middle English ennointe, Middle English ennoynt, Middle English ennoynte, Middle English enoignte, Middle English enonte, Middle English enowntid (past participle), Middle English enoynt (past tense), Middle English enoynte (past tense), Middle English enoyntt, Middle English eynoynt, Middle English ynoynted (past participle), Middle English ynoyntid (past participle), Middle English–1500s enoint, Middle English–1500s enointe, Middle English–1500s enoynt, Middle English–1500s enoynte, 1500s ennoint, 1500s enoyncte; Scottish pre-1700 ennownte, pre-1700 ennoynt, pre-1700 enonte, pre-1700 enoynt, pre-1700 enoynte; N.E.D. (1884) also records a form late Middle English ennoint. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly formed within English, by conversion. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: anoint adj.; French enoint, enoindre. Etymology: Partly (i) < anoint adj., and partly (ii) < its etymon Anglo-Norman enoynt, Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French enoint, Anglo-Norman and Middle French inoint, past participle of enoindre (also enoyndre , inoindre ) enoine v. Compare oint v., earlier enoine v., and later noint v., inunct v.Analysis of forms. Although the past participles in y- listed in the β. forms (compare also late Middle English inoynted at anointed adj. and n. Forms) are paralleled by forms in i- of anoint adj. and the Middle French past participle inoint (see above), they were probably reinforced in Middle English by association with past participles in y- prefix (perhaps motivated in part by reanalysis of the first syllable of the α. forms as a- prefix²: see discussion at that entry). Early modern forms in -ct- probably show remodelling immediately after either classical Latin inunct- , past participial stem of inunguere (see inunct v.) or unct- , past participial stem of unguere , ungere (see oint v. and compare γ. forms at that entry); compare similarly Middle French enoinct , variant of enoint , past participle (see anoint adj.), attested from at least the early 15th cent. Development of specific senses. In sense 6 after Middle French oindre (see oint v.) in the specific senses ‘to hit (a part of the body)’ (13th cent. in Old French), ‘to beat, inflict pain on’ (15th cent. or earlier), apparently with allusion to the concept of physical chastisement as a remedy for sin or wrongdoing. Compare later noint v. 2. I. To smear or rub with oil, or another liquid or substance, and related senses. 1. Originally and chiefly Christian Church. a. transitive. To smear (a person who is sick, dying, or infirm) with blessed oil, as part of the sacrament of extreme unction, or the anointing of the sick. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > (extreme) unction > anoint [verb (transitive)] smearc825 ChristeOE fatc1000 elec1275 chrisoma1300 enoil1340 alinec1350 anelec1350 anoint1357 ointa1382 anointa1398 creme1398 forsmerla1400 nointa1400 smerla1400 in oil(s)a1536 chrism1537 benoint1594 chrismatize1664 society > faith > worship > sacrament > (extreme) unction > anoint [verb (transitive)] > of the sick or dying anoint1357 anelea1400 enoila1450 [implied in: J. Gaytryge Lay Folks' Catech. (York Min.) (1901) l. 328 The fift sacrement is the last enoynting With oyle. (at anointing n. 1)]. ?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 12 Þei anoynte not the seke men. c1440 in G. G. Perry Eng. Prose Treat. (1921) 6 He..Anoynte hym, and swa he dyede. a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Royal) v. l. 4032 He ordanyd als quhen men suld de Anoynted wyth haly oyhle to be. 1579 G. Gilpin tr. P. van Marnix van Sant Aldegonde Bee Hiue of Romishe Church iii. ii. f. 225^v The holie oyntment, wherewith they do vse to anoint the sicke, when they lie a passing. 1679 Church of Rome Unmask'd 64 Having the Priests absolution, and being anointed with their Extream Unction, they are secured from Hell and damnation. a1773 A. Butler Moveable Feasts Catholic Church (1774) vi. iv. 358 The Oil of the Sick, which serves to anoint the Sick in moral Danger of Death, in the Sacrament of Extreme Unction. 1830 E. Harrison Protestant Instructor 203 ‘Anoint the sick man,’ say the Romanists, ‘and then let him die!!’ 1882 P. Schaff et al. Relig. Encycl. I. 789 Irenaeus simply says that the Herakleonites, a Gnostic sect, anointed the dying with a mixture of oil and water. 1911 C. J. Jackson Illustr. Hist. Eng. Plate (1973) I. 372 Lifting the tow or wool from the bottom of the oil-pot to the thumb of the priest for anointing the recipient of the unction. 2009 Maryland Gaz. (Nexis) 11 Nov. b4 Anointing of the sick is available after the 12:15 p.m. Mass Sunday. The sacrament is available to anyone with a serious or chronic illness of mind, body or spirit, those needing major surgery, and the elderly. Those wishing to be anointed should let the priest know after the Mass. b. transitive. To smear (a person or thing) with oil, chrism, or a similar liquid, for religious purposes or as part of a religious ceremony; spec. to accept (a person) into the Christian Church by performing this action. Also more generally: to bless. Cf. quot. c1350¹ at anoint adj. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > (extreme) unction > anoint [verb (transitive)] smearc825 ChristeOE fatc1000 elec1275 chrisoma1300 enoil1340 alinec1350 anelec1350 anoint1357 ointa1382 anointa1398 creme1398 forsmerla1400 nointa1400 smerla1400 in oil(s)a1536 chrism1537 benoint1594 chrismatize1664 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. ix. xxxiv. 551 Þe bisschop..blessiþ þe wallis wiþ crisma and anoyntiþ hem. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1446 (MED) Wyth besten blod busily anoynted. a1450 (?a1390) J. Mirk Instr. Parish Priests (Claud.) (1974) l. 670 Wassche þe chylde ouer þe font Þere he was anoynted in þe front. a1500 (?c1425) Speculum Sacerdotale (1936) 102 (MED) Oyle þrouȝ whiche baptised [men] ben enoyntid. 1592 A. Willet Synopsis Papismi 443 He is anoynted with holie Chrisme in the top of the head, & thereby is become a Christian. 1677 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Oxford-shire viii. 204 I was told of a sort of sectaries..called Anointers, from the ceremony they use of anointing all persons before they admit them into their Church. 1697 W. Jameson Nazianzeni Querela i. viii. 63 The Constantinopolitan Council appoints that reduced Hereticks and Schismaticks must be anointed on the Fore-head, Eyes, Nose, Mouth and Ears. 1763 G. Ridley Life Dr. N. Ridley iv. 245 In Baptism exorcism was used, the infant was anointed, thrice dipped, and had the chrysom put upon it. 1844 Church of Eng. Mag. 16 Mar. 189/1 It [sc. a bell] is, moreover, anointed with the chrism, or holy oil, and exorcised by the bishop. 1856 Art-Jrnl. Dec. 365/2 Apollo washes his body in the stream, anoints it with ambrosia, [etc.]. 1904 Jewish Encycl. (1906) 390/1 Aaron the high priest was anointed with sacred oil. 2002 J. Cleave Rom. Catholic Trad. 102/1 The priest exorcizes..and anoints the child, a sign that in the future the child will reject evil. 2. a. transitive. To smear or rub (a person, a part of the body, etc.) with oil, ointment, or another soft substance, for medicinal or cosmetic purposes; (more generally) to smear or rub (a surface, a thing, etc.) with a substance. Frequently with with. ΚΠ a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 139 Whan þat womman þer-wiȝt hadde..wel an-oynted þe child..he wex to a werwolf. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vi. l. 1974 Thanne ferst he hath enoignted With sondri herbes that figure, And therupon he gan conjure. c1400 Last Age of Church (1840) p. xxxv Wiþ his blood he anoyntide þe glas. a1475 Bk. Hawking (Harl. 2340) in Studia Neophilol. (1944) 16 14 (MED) Anoynt the hawke is erys with oyle of Olyve. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. iii. 31 Anoynt thi ship with pik. ?1518 A. Barclay Fyfte Eglog sig. Avj^v With butter, for to anoynt theyr necke. 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler 139 The box in which he put those worms was anointed with a drop, or two..of the oil of Ivy-berries. View more context for this quotation 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 140 With Nectar she her Son anoints, Infusing Vigour through his mortal Joynts. View more context for this quotation 1779 Farmer's Mag. Dec. 380 Washing dogs with train oil, or anointing them with..hog's lard, have..been recommended. 1795 J. Latta Pract. Syst. Surg. III. i. 131 The arrows with which the Indians in that part of the world hunt wild beasts are anointed with a vegetable poison. 1808 T. Taylor tr. Aristotle Generation Animals ii. vii. 328 The eyes are anointed with a coloured liquor. 1891 W. T. Hornaday Taxidermy & Zool. Collecting iii. xxxiv. 264 After this thin coat has hardened, anoint the surface of it with lard oil or clay water. 1979 D. Attenborough Life on Earth (1981) viii. 179 The bird takes the oil from it..and anoints its feathers individually so that they are kept supple and water-repellent. 2007 Independent 16 Jan. (Extra section) 7/5 All visitors are required to anoint their hands with an anti MRSA disinfectant rub before proceeding to the wards. b. transitive. To smear or rub (a dead body) with oil, spices, or another substance, typically in preparation for burial or to preserve it from decay; to embalm. Cf. quots. ?c1350, a1387 at anoint adj. ΚΠ a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Gen. l. 3 (MED) The custom of deed bodies anoyntid [E.V.: anoynt]. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke xxiii. f. clxxii^v For whan they seke hym as dead to bee anoynted and spyced, they haue due knowelage that he is alyue. 1611 E. Aston tr. J. Boemus Manners, Lawes, & Customes vii. 90 They bury their dead bodies in the earth, annoynting them first with wax. 1783 T. Wilson Archæol. Dict. sig. H2 The body for about thirty days was anointed with oil of cedar, myrrh, cinnamon, and other spices, to preserve it from putrefaction. ?1923 Anthropos 1923–24 18–19 422 Among the Bhondâri of Ganjam, the corpse is washed, anointed, and wrapped in a new cloth. 2012 Amer. Poetry Rev. Nov. 48 Consider this terracotta jar, once filled with olive oil to anoint the dead. c. transitive. To smear or rub (oil, ointment, or another soft substance) on a person or thing, esp. for medicinal or cosmetic purposes. Usually with on, upon. Cf. quot. c1380 at anoint adj. Now rare. ΚΠ ?1550 H. Llwyd tr. Pope John XXI Treasury of Healthe sig. N.vi^v A Foxe eaten, and the suet therof anoyntyd on the pacyent, is a great helpe. 1568 T. Hill Proffitable Arte Gardening (rev. ed.) iii. xxi. f. 82^v The ashes of the Dyl..may proffitably be annointed on moiste vlcers. 1622 D. N. tr. R. Verstegan Newes from Low-countreyes 56 How must he then speed that must bring this forcefull poyson in a bladder..and anoynt it on the chayre and on the saddle? 1663 Marquis of Worcester Cent. Names & Scantlings Inventions lxiv The green Oile..that was first anointed and used between the barrel [of the Cannon]..and the Engine [for loading]. 1769 tr. J. de Bondt Acct. Dis. E. Indies xvi. 72 There distils from it an oiliness,..which, anointed upon the eye, is an immediate remedy. 1896 B. Douglass tr. Minor Prophets 69 Thou, thou shalt not reap: thou, thou shalt tread the olive but thou shalt not anoint oil. 2006 ‘Lady Rhea’ Enchanted Formulary ii. iv. 174 Anoint the oil on green, yellow, gold, orange, blue, and purple candles. d. intransitive. To smear or rub oneself with oil, ointment, or another soft substance. ΚΠ 1697 J. Potter Archæologiæ Græcæ I. i. viii. 41 The Greeks usually Anointed before Meals. 1714 D. Turner De Morbis Cutaneis i. ii. 23 She had bathed, anointed, and strictly dieted to no purpose, the Distemper not giving way, but keeping at a Stand. 1832 E. Robinson Calmet's Dict. Holy Bible (rev. ed.) 67/1 They anointed and perfumed, from principles of health and cleanness, as well as religion. 1995 D. C. Rubin Memory in Oral Trad. (1997) 212 The real-world constraint of having to wash before anointing and having to anoint before dressing..fixes this pattern. 3. a. transitive. To confer divine or sacred office on (a person), esp. by smearing with oil or chrism; to appoint to the office of king, priest, etc. Also more generally: to appoint (a person) to an important position, esp. a political position. Frequently with complement indicating the office or position conferred. Cf. quot. c1350³ at anoint adj. ΚΠ c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds iv. 27 Thi hooly child Jhesu, whom thou anoyntidest..for to do the thingis, that thin hond and thi counceil demiden for to be don. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 206 (MED) Enoynted he was als kyng. 1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. aiij/1 All kynges of fraunce ben enoynted at Raynes. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cxvii With al solempnitie, he was anoynted and crouned kyng of Fraunce, by the Cardinal of Winchester. 1611 Bible (King James) Exod. xxviii. 41 Thou..shalt annoint them, and consecrate them..that they may minister vnto mee in the Priests office. View more context for this quotation 1702 J. Savage Compl. Hist. Germany 102 He was Anointed and Crown'd at Mentz by Archbishop Villigisus..under the Name and Title of Henry II. 1817 J. Power in D. H. Woodforde Woodforde Papers (1932) iv. 146 I contented myself..by saying I was anointed of the Lord, a Rev. Father. 1857 Marion (S. Carolina) Star 11 Aug. No leader is anointed against the vengeance of an outraged people, and no official is so high that popular justice cannot reach him. 1919 C. E. Laughlin Martyred Towns France x. 198 The archbishop anointed the king, placed the crown on his head, and conducted him to the throne. 1998 Prospect Mar. 10/1 In the Middle of the March the German Social Democrats will anoint their candidate for chancellor. 2011 Sunday Tel. (Nexis) 6 Mar. 2 Exactly a century ago..King George V was anointed Emperor of India. b. transitive. With complement. To pronounce or proclaim (a person) to be what is specified by the complement. ΚΠ 1943 Jrnl. Relig. 23 123/1 It is incumbent upon us to..invade life with spirit, and to anoint the slaves of selfishness princes of spirit. 1989 Sport Dec. 21/2 David Stern was annointed a genius for bringing up-tempo to the game. 2002 Time Out N.Y. 19 Sept. 67/4 He caught his break when Anna Wintour anointed him the Next Big Thing after his fall 2001 garbage-glam show on the Lower East Side. c. transitive. To approve of (a person or thing); to endorse. ΚΠ 1990 Micro Decision Feb. 84/3 Manufacturer standards do not often become industry standards unless they are first widely adapted as de facto standards by users or are anointed by an influential industry group. 2007 Sight & Sound Mar. 26/1 The young director, anointed by Sundance, Cannes and the box office. 2018 @BoF 13 Sept. in twitter.com (accessed 18 Oct. 2018) Anointed by Oprah Winfrey and Michelle Obama, the 18-year-old ‘Black-ish’ star, Tory Burch..is schooling the fashion industry on race, activism and the future. 4. transitive. Of oil or another substance: to be smeared or rubbed on (a person or part of a person's body), esp. for religious or ceremonial purposes. Also figurative. ΚΠ a1617 A. Fisher Def. Liturgie Church of Eng. (1630) ii. iv. 293 Let not the oyle of the sinner anoint my head. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 371 Fragrant Oils the stiffen'd Limbs anoint. 1753 G. Whitefield Hymns x. 8 His Hand in sight of all their Foes Doth still their Table spread, Their Cup with Blessings overflows, His Oil anoints their Head. 1759 J. Hart Hymns lix. 82 When our great Melchisedec The true Atonement came to make, A holy Oil anoints Him too, Richer than Aaron ever knew. 1868 C. Heavysege Jezebel i. 74 Neither for years shall be allowed to fall Dew to anoint the ground. 1907 Dublin Rev. Jan. 28 And last, when this our ‘mortal coil’ Draws nigh its earthy goal, 'Tis Holy Unction's sacred oil Anoints the passing soul. 2004 K. Ball Test of Faith 218 Hot tears anointed the tiny stitches on the quilt formed generations ago by a mother's patient, loving hands. 2017 Catholic Libr. World 88 123 Prayers are offered and sacred oil anoints the parish leaders. II. Extended uses. †5. transitive. To flatter (a person) lavishly and (often) insincerely; to butter up. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > flatter [verb (transitive)] flatter?c1225 flackera1250 slickc1250 blandishc1305 blandc1315 glozec1330 beflatter1340 curryc1394 elkena1400 glaverc1400 anointa1425 glotherc1480 losenge1480 painta1513 to hold in halsc1560 soothe1580 smooth1584 smooth1591 soothe1601 pepper1654 palp1657 smoothify1694 butter1700 asperse1702 palaver1713 blarney1834 sawder1834 soft-soap1835 to cock up1838 soft-solder1838 soother1842 behoney1845 soap1853 beslaver1861 beslobber1868 smarm1902 sugar1923 sweetmouth1948 smooth-talk1950 a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 1057 These losengeris hem preyse and smylen And thus the world with word anoynten [Fr. oignent]. 1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) lxxxxiii. 126 More worthe is the frend, whiche prycketh than the flaterynge frend whiche enoynteth. 1597 Bp. J. King Lect. Ionas xxxvii. 501 First, rende your heartes. What? shall we smooth them? annointe them? flatter them? binde them vp? 1632 J. Mabbe tr. J. de Santa Maria Policie Unveiled xxviii. 335 Hee came to our first parents, and began to smooth, and annoynt them with his inticing flatteries. 1861 J. J. Jarves Art Stud. 39 Anointed with refined flattery and obsequious courtesy. 6. transitive. To beat, thrash (a person or part of a person's body); to chastise. Frequently in figurative contexts. Now chiefly slang and regional. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > administer corporal punishment [verb (transitive)] > beat > soundly or severely anointa1500 peppera1550 bumbastea1566 dust1612 blue-beata1627 cullis1639 chafe1673 to tan (a person's) hide1679 a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) l. 5653 The kyng Away fly, Which so well was Anoynted [Fr. si bien oingt] indede, That no sleue ne pane had he hole of brede. 1528 W. Tyndale Obed. Christen Man f. cxxix^v We saye of a wantan childe, this shepe hath magottes in his tayle, he must be anoynted with byrchin salve which speach I borow of the shepardes. 1684 T. Guidott Gideon's Fleece 18 Whipping Cat of Ninetails, or Strappade, Anointed well with Oyl of Bastinado, Be justly due to a true Renegado. 1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random I. v. 26 I'll bring him to the gang-way, and anoint him with a cat and nine tails. 1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller II. 287 Seize a trusty staff..and anoint the back of the aggressor. 1890 J. S. Farmer Slang I. 57/1 In the North of England the saying is somewhat more analogous—‘to anoint with the sap of a hazel rod’. 1937 S. MacManus Bold Blades of Donegal 299 Bad luck to him over again!.. And may the Divil anoint him as I'm hungry to anoint him with this stick. 1962 J. E. Ragen & C. Finston Inside World's Toughest Prison App. B. 789 Anoint, to flog or whip. Phrases † to anoint a person's hand (or palm, fist, etc.) and variants: to bribe or tip someone. Frequently with with. Cf. grease v. 4b, oil v. 5a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [verb (intransitive)] > practise bribery to grease (a person's) hand (also palm)1528 to anoint a person's hand1542 bribe1547 whiddlec1661 to mollify the fist1698 boodle1887 to oil a person's palm1925 1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes i. f. 173 That persone appoynted and made iudge..that cometh first to enoyncte or greace the handes, of hym that geueth the office. 1569 E. Fenton tr. P. Boaistuau Certaine Secrete Wonders Nature f. 135 Brybing the Solicitoures, and annointing their clarkes in the hand with double fee. 1620 tr. G. Boccaccio Decameron I. i. vi. f. 21 To be more mercifully dealt withall, he..so annointed his hands with Saint Iohns golden grease. 1626 L. Owen Running Reg. 12 Constrained to anoint Pope Paulus Quintus in the fist with Indian oyle, for his good-will. 1873 Scribner's Monthly Dec. 191/1 He was obliged..to anoint his examiners' palms, that they might handle him gently. 1899 Yale Lit. Mag. Dec. 119 Having no macaroon I anointed his palm with a coin and a hearty hope for better days. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022). < adj.c1350v.1357
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† anointadj.

anointv.

Phrases