eighteenadj.n.

Brit.

/ˌeɪˈtiːn/,

/ˈeɪtiːn/, U.S.

/ˌeɪˈtin/,

/ˈeɪˌtin/

Forms: Old English ehta-týne, Middle English ehte-tyna, Middle English æh-, ah-, ehte-, eyȝtetene, Middle English eyȝ-, eyghtene, Scottish auh-, auchtene, 1500s eightene, 1500s– eighteen.

Etymology: Old English e(a)htatýne , -téne , corresponds to Old Frisian achtatîne , Old Saxon ahtotian , ahtetehan (Dutch achttien ), Old High German ahtozehan (Middle High German ahtzehen , modern German achtzehn ), Old Norse áttján (átján , Swedish adertån , Danish atten ), Gothic *ahtau-taíhun ; < Old Germanic *ahtau , ahtô , eight adj. and n. + *tehun ten adj., n., and adv.; for the divergent English form of the second element, see -teen comb. form.

1. The cardinal numeral next after seventeen, represented by the symbols 18 or xviii.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > eleven to ninety-nine > [noun] > eighteen

eighteenc1000

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > eleven to ninety-nine > [adjective] > eighteen

eighteenc1000

c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) xiii. 4 Swa þa ehta-tyne [1160 Hatton ehte-tyna] ofer þa feoll se stypel on siloa.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 8989 Ohtere cnihten. ahtene [c1300 Otho ehtetene] þusen.

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (1810) 407 In þe ger of grace a þousend & four score & eyȝtetene.

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 48 Þe date of Criste a þousand & mo bi auhtene.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xix. cxxvi. 1367 Sixe and xii. makeþ eiȝtene.

c1425 Wyntoun Cron. (Mätz) Hundyr byschapis and awchtene.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 137 Eyȝtene [Pynson eyghtene], octodecim.

1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Suffolk xi. 3 For eightene monthes we dyd conclude a truce.

a1642 J. Suckling Poems 35 in Fragmenta Aurea (1646) For your eighteen pence you sit The Lord and Judge of all fresh wit.

1777 W. Robertson Hist. Amer. (1783) II. 356 He appointed Sandoval to command..eight hundred and eighteen foot soldiers.

1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth iii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. III. 49 About eighteen years since..it chanced, [etc.].

a. quasi-n.= eighteen-pounder n. at Compounds 2).

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > piece of artillery > [noun] > guns by weight of shot > of specific weight of shot

fifteen-pounder1684

four-pounder1684

hundred-pounder1684

six-pounder1684

three-pounder1684

ten-pounder1695

nine-pounder1713

seven-pounder1762

long nine1780

half-pounder1800

twelve-pounder1801

sices1804

twelve1804

one-pounder1811

eighteen1834

eighteen-pounder1866

1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. xvii. 279 We took a seat upon the long eighteen.

b. n. plural. A sheet of eighteen pages; a book in 18mo.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > book > kind of book > size of book > [noun] > octodecimo

eighteen1683

octodecimo1795

1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 55 When a Twelves, Eighteens, &c. is wrought.

1795 Hull Advertiser 19 Dec. 4/3 A purposely manufactured wove paper, in Octodecimo or Eighteens.

1808 C. Stower Printer's Gram. 199 A plan for imposing a half sheet of eighteens.

1839 T. C. Hansard Treat. Printing & Type-founding 168 Works done in sixteens, eighteens, twenty-fours, or thirty-twos.

1937 E. J. Labarre Dict. Paper 139 Eighteenmo, or eighteens, are other terms for decimo-octavo.

3. As in eighteen-twenties, the years between 1819 and 1830.

ΚΠ

1906 Daily Chron. 16 Oct. 4/4 A collection of poems by Frances Ridley Havergal, belonging to the eighteen-seventies.

1909 Westm. Gaz. 24 Mar. 2/1 She has abundance of ‘sensibility’, as that word was understood in the eighteen-twenties.

1924 J. Galsworthy White Monkey ii. ix. 191 The Hotch-potch Club went back to the eighteen-sixties.

1929 S. Ertz Galaxy x The eighteen-nineties came, with their revival of interest in literature and painting.

1929 (title) The eighteen-seventies: essays by Fellows of the Royal Society of Literature. Ed. H. G. Granville-Barker.

1930 (title) The eighteen-eighties. Ed. W. de la Mare.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

eighteen-headed adj.

ΚΠ

1768 W. Sharp in Philos. Trans. 1767 (Royal Soc.) 57 84 This has been used many years in St. Bartholomew's hospital, instead of the old eighteen-headed bandage.

eighteen-hole adj. (also eighteen-holes) =golf course.

ΚΠ

1907 Westm. Gaz. 21 Sept. 9/1 The opening of Matlock's new eighteen-holes golf course.

1944 Mod. Lang. Notes Dec. 515 18-hole golf course.

eighteen-tailed adj.

ΚΠ

1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random I. xxviii. 258 We..dressed the wound, applied the eighteen-tailed bandage.

eighteen-tonner n. and adj.

ΚΠ

1888 (title) To Gibraltar and back in an eighteen-tonner.

C2. (Eighteen pence is often written as one word, with or without hyphen.)

eighteen-knot adj. (a vessel) capable of going eighteen knots in an hour.

ΚΠ

1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 13 Nov. 4/2 Exposed to any hostile Power with an 18-knot cruiser.

eighteen-penny adj. that is worth or costs eighteen-pence; also quasi-n.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > English coins > [noun] > eighteen pence

eighteen-penny1817

1817 Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 8 Feb. 168 Having an eighteen-penny-piece put into his hand.

1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock (1861) 14 Simpson's..eighteenpenny fish ordinary.

1883 H. R. Haweis in Gentleman's Mag. July 47 I proceeded to elicit from the red eighteenpenny [fiddle] all it had to give.

eighteen-pounder n. a gun throwing a shot that weighs eighteen pounds.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > piece of artillery > [noun] > guns by weight of shot > of specific weight of shot

fifteen-pounder1684

four-pounder1684

hundred-pounder1684

six-pounder1684

three-pounder1684

ten-pounder1695

nine-pounder1713

seven-pounder1762

long nine1780

half-pounder1800

twelve-pounder1801

sices1804

twelve1804

one-pounder1811

eighteen1834

eighteen-pounder1866

1866 G. Bancroft Hist. U.S. IX. x. 179 The vessel of war suffered severely from two eighteen-pounders on the Jersey shore.

Draft additions March 2006

eighteen-wheeler n. originally North American an articulated lorry with eighteen wheels.

ΚΠ

1934 N.Y. Times 15 Apr. xx. 7/1 Convoys carrying pipes to the east set out daily with seven great eighteen-wheeler lorries in each convoy in charge of an officer.

1975 News Jrnl. (Mansfield, Ohio) 6 Oct. 4/5 Occasionally, young punks use their eighteen-wheelers like weapons. But the seasoned truckers don't.

2002 D. B. Mason Men with Brooms ii. iii. 179 An eighteen-wheeler with a big cab-over sat quietly under the floodlights of a nearby parking lot, looking for all the world like a dozing buffalo.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

单词	eighteen
释义	eighteenadj.n. Brit. /ˌeɪˈtiːn/, /ˈeɪtiːn/, U.S. /ˌeɪˈtin/, /ˈeɪˌtin/ Forms: Old English ehta-týne, Middle English ehte-tyna, Middle English æh-, ah-, ehte-, eyȝtetene, Middle English eyȝ-, eyghtene, Scottish auh-, auchtene, 1500s eightene, 1500s– eighteen. Etymology: Old English e(a)htatýne , -téne , corresponds to Old Frisian achtatîne , Old Saxon ahtotian , ahtetehan (Dutch achttien ), Old High German ahtozehan (Middle High German ahtzehen , modern German achtzehn ), Old Norse áttján (átján , Swedish adertån , Danish atten ), Gothic ahtau-taíhun ; < Old Germanic ahtau , ahtô , eight adj. and n. + tehun ten adj., n., and adv.; for the divergent English form of the second element, see -teen comb. form. 1. The cardinal numeral next after seventeen, represented by the symbols 18 or xviii. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > eleven to ninety-nine > [noun] > eighteen eighteenc1000 the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > eleven to ninety-nine > [adjective] > eighteen eighteenc1000 c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke* (Corpus Cambr.) xiii. 4 Swa þa ehta-tyne [1160 Hatton ehte-tyna] ofer þa feoll se stypel on siloa. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 8989 Ohtere cnihten. ahtene [c1300 Otho ehtetene] þusen. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (1810) 407 In þe ger of grace a þousend & four score & eyȝtetene. c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 48 Þe date of Criste a þousand & mo bi auhtene. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xix. cxxvi. 1367 Sixe and xii. makeþ eiȝtene. c1425 Wyntoun Cron. (Mätz) Hundyr byschapis and awchtene. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 137 Eyȝtene [Pynson eyghtene], octodecim. 1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Suffolk xi. 3 For eightene monthes we dyd conclude a truce. a1642 J. Suckling Poems 35 in Fragmenta Aurea (1646) For your eighteen pence you sit The Lord and Judge of all fresh wit. 1777 W. Robertson Hist. Amer. (1783) II. 356 He appointed Sandoval to command..eight hundred and eighteen foot soldiers. 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth iii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. III. 49 About eighteen years since..it chanced, [etc.]. 2. a. quasi-n.= eighteen-pounder n. at Compounds 2). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > piece of artillery > [noun] > guns by weight of shot > of specific weight of shot fifteen-pounder1684 four-pounder1684 hundred-pounder1684 six-pounder1684 three-pounder1684 ten-pounder1695 nine-pounder1713 seven-pounder1762 long nine1780 half-pounder1800 twelve-pounder1801 sices1804 twelve1804 one-pounder1811 eighteen1834 eighteen-pounder1866 1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. xvii. 279 We took a seat upon the long eighteen. b. n. plural. A sheet of eighteen pages; a book in 18mo. ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > kind of book > size of book > [noun] > octodecimo eighteen1683 octodecimo1795 1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 55 When a Twelves, Eighteens, &c. is wrought. 1795 Hull Advertiser 19 Dec. 4/3 A purposely manufactured wove paper, in Octodecimo or Eighteens. 1808 C. Stower Printer's Gram. 199 A plan for imposing a half sheet of eighteens. 1839 T. C. Hansard Treat. Printing & Type-founding 168 Works done in sixteens, eighteens, twenty-fours, or thirty-twos. 1937 E. J. Labarre Dict. Paper 139 Eighteenmo, or eighteens, are other terms for decimo-octavo. 3. As in eighteen-twenties, the years between 1819 and 1830. ΚΠ 1906 Daily Chron. 16 Oct. 4/4 A collection of poems by Frances Ridley Havergal, belonging to the eighteen-seventies. 1909 Westm. Gaz. 24 Mar. 2/1 She has abundance of ‘sensibility’, as that word was understood in the eighteen-twenties. 1924 J. Galsworthy White Monkey ii. ix. 191 The Hotch-potch Club went back to the eighteen-sixties. 1929 S. Ertz Galaxy x The eighteen-nineties came, with their revival of interest in literature and painting. 1929 (title) The eighteen-seventies: essays by Fellows of the Royal Society of Literature. Ed. H. G. Granville-Barker. 1930 (title) The eighteen-eighties. Ed. W. de la Mare. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. eighteen-headed adj. ΚΠ 1768 W. Sharp in Philos. Trans. 1767 (Royal Soc.) 57 84 This has been used many years in St. Bartholomew's hospital, instead of the old eighteen-headed bandage. eighteen-hole adj. (also eighteen-holes) =golf course. ΚΠ 1907 Westm. Gaz. 21 Sept. 9/1 The opening of Matlock's new eighteen-holes golf course. 1944 Mod. Lang. Notes Dec. 515 18-hole golf course. eighteen-tailed adj. ΚΠ 1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random I. xxviii. 258 We..dressed the wound, applied the eighteen-tailed bandage. b. eighteen-tonner n. and adj. ΚΠ 1888 (title) To Gibraltar and back in an eighteen-tonner. C2. (Eighteen pence is often written as one word, with or without hyphen.) eighteen-knot adj. (a vessel) capable of going eighteen knots in an hour. ΚΠ 1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 13 Nov. 4/2 Exposed to any hostile Power with an 18-knot cruiser. eighteen-penny adj. that is worth or costs eighteen-pence; also quasi-n. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > English coins > [noun] > eighteen pence eighteen-penny1817 1817 Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 8 Feb. 168 Having an eighteen-penny-piece put into his hand. 1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock (1861) 14 Simpson's..eighteenpenny fish ordinary. 1883 H. R. Haweis in Gentleman's Mag. July 47 I proceeded to elicit from the red eighteenpenny [fiddle] all it had to give. eighteen-pounder n. a gun throwing a shot that weighs eighteen pounds. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > piece of artillery > [noun] > guns by weight of shot > of specific weight of shot fifteen-pounder1684 four-pounder1684 hundred-pounder1684 six-pounder1684 three-pounder1684 ten-pounder1695 nine-pounder1713 seven-pounder1762 long nine1780 half-pounder1800 twelve-pounder1801 sices1804 twelve1804 one-pounder1811 eighteen1834 eighteen-pounder1866 1866 G. Bancroft Hist. U.S. IX. x. 179 The vessel of war suffered severely from two eighteen-pounders on the Jersey shore. Draft additions March 2006 eighteen-wheeler n. originally North American an articulated lorry with eighteen wheels. ΚΠ 1934 N.Y. Times 15 Apr. xx. 7/1 Convoys carrying pipes to the east set out daily with seven great eighteen-wheeler lorries in each convoy in charge of an officer. 1975 News Jrnl. (Mansfield, Ohio) 6 Oct. 4/5 Occasionally, young punks use their eighteen-wheelers like weapons. But the seasoned truckers don't. 2002 D. B. Mason Men with Brooms ii. iii. 179 An eighteen-wheeler with a big cab-over sat quietly under the floodlights of a nearby parking lot, looking for all the world like a dozing buffalo. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < adj.n.c1000
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