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单词 ammunition
释义

ammunitionn.

Brit. /ˌamjᵿˈnɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌæmjəˈnɪʃən/
Forms: 1500s– admunytyon, 1500s– ammunition, 1500s–1700s amunition, 1600s– amanisyon; also Scottish pre-1700 ammonitioune, pre-1700 amonitione, pre-1700 amonitioune.
Etymology: < Middle French, French (now obsolete) amonition, ammonition, amunition, ammunition military equipment (1505 in amonitions de guerre ), provisions, food (1531), probably originally a variant of Middle French munition , monition fortification, provisions, arms, defence (see munition n.) arising by metanalysis (from e.g. la munition , analysed as l'amunition : see further note below) and perhaps reinforced by folk-etymological association with admonition , amonition admonition n., although compare also post-classical Latin admunitio fortification (13th cent.), supplementary protection (a1536). Compare Dutch ammunitie (1597; 1576 as †ammonicie), German Ammunition equipment supplies, provisions (1616; 1604 as amonition), munitions (1716); both also < French.French †amonition was criticized by commentators on 17th-cent. French as an erroneous or colloquial form of munition : see further Französisches etymol. Wörterbuch at munitio. In ammunition bread, ammunition loaf at Compounds 2, after French †pain d'amonition, †pain d'ammonition, †pain d'amunition, etc. (17th cent.); compare earlier pain de munition (1562). Compare also Dutch †amonitiebrood (1633). French and English forms in amm-, with doubling of the consonant, are perhaps by analogy with words from Latin in imm-, comm-, ann-, etc.
1.
a. Originally: †military equipment of all kinds (now obsolete). In slightly later use: the articles or material used in charging guns and ordnance, as powder, shot, bullets, shells, etc.; (also) offensive missiles in general. Also occasionally as a count noun (in plural). Cf. munition n. 4a.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > [noun]
gearc1275
armourc1300
armsc1325
armingc1330
ordnancea1393
armourer?c1400
artilleryc1405
habiliments1422
artry1447
armaturea1460
apparamenta1464
atour1480
munitionc1515
furnishments1559
furniture1569
equipage1579
ammunition?1588
magazine1588
victuals1653
war1667
armament1668
contraband1753
stuff1883
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > [noun] > collectively
trait1477
ammunition?1588
missilery1866
ballistics1989
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun]
munitionc1515
artillery1540
ammunition?1588
ammo1911
?1588 Besieging of Berghen vppon Zoom (single sheet) The Towne of Bergen vpon Zoom.., prouided with all kinde of ammunition.
a1626 F. Bacon Let. Duke Buckingham in Cabala (1663) 51 Convenient arms and Ammunition for their defence.
1692 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) II. 413 A French prize of 180 tunns, laden with ammunitions.
a1701 H. Maundrell Journey Aleppo to Jerusalem (1703) 53 The Ammunition used in Battering the City.
1769 Mrs. Harris in Priv. Lett. Ld. Malmesbury (1870) I. 177 The ammunition of these rioters consisted chiefly of dirt, but many stones were seen to be thrown.
1870 C. Knight Crown Hist. Eng. xl. 519 At seven in the evening their ammunition was nearly exhausted.
1919 G. B. Shaw Heartbreak House i, in Heartbreak House, Great Catherine, & Playlets of War 39 A mind ray that will explode the ammunition in the belt of my adversary before he can point his gun at me.
1986 N. A. M. Rodger Wooden World (1988) i. 36 The Navy drew its supplies of guns, ammunitions and warlike stores from the Ordnance Board.
2004 Daily Tel. 30 Sept. 7/7 We do not allow ammunition, replica firearms, stun guns, legal air guns or fire-arms components to be sold.
b. In extended use: supplies for the stomach, food. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1653 J. Howell German Diet sig. Dddv The soft Europæan Princes..among whom either want of mony.., the carriage of so much luggage and amunition for the mouth, the luxury, and excesses of the common souldier is so frequent.
1662 G. Torriano 2nd Alphabet Proverbial Phrases 156/2 To hanker after a Prebendship, viz. to hanker after Provant, or belly-timber, amunition for the belly.
1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. xii. 161 I had finished my meal, which did not take long, for want of ammunition.
1865 Colburn's United Service Mag. May 31 The Cannon, kept by Mr. Hodges, facing Spring Gardens, is described as a coffee room well charged with ammunition for the stomach.
2. figurative. Non-material items that can be used in attacking an adversary; (now chiefly) facts, evidence, etc., used to sustain an argument, attack an opponent, etc.
ΚΠ
1645 Bp. J. Hall Remedy Discontentm. xvii. 103 This spirituall Ammunition shall sufficiently furnish the soul for her encounter with her last enemy.
1807 G. Campbell Lect. Systematic Theol. 101 Many doughty combatants..have been wasting all their ammunition against the traditions and inventions of men, and..the pure institution of Jesus is not one jot affected by their argument.
1889 O. Dyer Great Senators U. S. Forty Years Ago 31 His Plymouth Rock oration (1820) furnishes ammunition for the anti-monopolists of the present day.
1971 New Scientist 7 Jan. 4/1 The incident can hardly fail to provide ammunition for those in opposition to nuclear technology in general.
2005 Time Out N.Y. 17 Mar. 191/1 You'd be able to use this column as ammunition against his psychotic, antimasturbation crusade.
3. slang. Semen; sperm. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [noun] > sperm > semen
seedOE
naturec1390
semena1398
kindc1400
semence1480
mettle1612
egg-fry1674
ammunition1695
spunkc1890
jism1899
scum1967
1695 Young Damsels Courage & Conquest (single sheet) He did shoot, the dispute Held while he'd spent his Ammunition.
?1833 Celebrated Flash Parody Highland Laddie in Regular Thing, & No Mistake 57 His ammunition being spent, And I being out of breath with sweating.
2006 M. Holland Mark Stone (e-book ed.) 62 Casey wasn't the only one whose balls were able to produce spunk... No, Stone was more than capable of manufacturing copious amounts of ammunition.

Compounds

C1. General use as a modifier; esp. with reference to the storage or transport of ammunition, as ammunition box, ammunition depot, ammunition wagon, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > military vehicles > [noun] > vehicles for transport of supplies collectively > ammunition cart or wagon
ammunition wagon1648
caisson1704
powder cart1795
car battery1876
society > armed hostility > military equipment > store of weapons or equipment > [noun] > place for storing weapons
armoury1440
arsenal1572
magazinea1599
small armoury1713
armamentary1727
place of arms1768
ammunition depot1799
expense magazine1839
bell1858
ammunition dump1918
weapon-pita1944
silo1958
1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 83 Ammunition Master, Leon. Blackdon.
1614 T. Lodge tr. Seneca Tranquilitie & Peace Minde iii, in tr. Seneca Wks. 639 He..that hath the gouernment of the Ammunition house.
1648 Designes Un-masqued 6 Their forces..were from time to time paide; and Ammunition-waggons, and other charge defraied.
1777 P. C. J. B. Tronson du Coudray Let. 23 July in G. Washington Papers (2000) X. 372 It was only necessary to place ammunition-boxes..on common carriages.
1799 London Packet 11 Dec. Letters from Memmingen say, that the works in the ammunition depots at that place..have been suspended.
1816 J. Wallis Beauties of Sidmouth Displayed (ed. 2) 35 The flag-staff and small ammunition-house have long ago disappeared.
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 2604/2 Tow-hook, an artillery-man's hook, used in unpacking ammunition-chests.
1925 H. J. Stenning tr. O. Bauer Austrian Revol. vi. 56 They seized ammunition waggons, and confiscated food stores.
1939 Street & Smith's Western Story Mag. 23 Sept. 48/1 We can use him as a sort of dray to tote guns and heavy ammunition boxes when we start the delivery at midnight.
1996 K. Morris tr. I. Grünbaum Escape through Balkans 65 Here, in this very place, is an underground Italian ammunition depot.
2009 J. Van Roekel Braver Deeds xii. 331 Matt turned back to the road and watched the ammunition wagon disappear around a bend.
C2. As a modifier with the sense ‘supplied to soldiers as equipment or rations’, as ammunition boots, ammunition bread, ammunition hat, ammunition loaf, ammunition shoes, etc.Now chiefly historical except in ammunition boots.
ΚΠ
1633 H. Hexham Iournall Anno 1632 9 There was once or twice a weeke Ammunition bread brought to euery Regiment.
1692 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) II. 471 An ammunition loafe of bread was sold for 18 soals.
1697 London Gaz. mmmccxcvi/4 Deserted..Thomas Stone..took away with him his Ammunition Hat.
1717 M. Prior Alma iii. 214 He din'd on Lion's marrow, spread On toasts of ammunition-bread.
1844 Queen's Regulations & Orders Army 152 The Men are entitled to their Ammunition Boots or Shoes, with the rest of their Clothing.
1870 R. Whiteing Wonderful Escapes 150 At length a camp bed, mattress, and blankets were brought me, and beside it an ammunition loaf of six pounds' weight.
1915 S. Afr. Q. Mar.–May 99/1 The bread is soured and dry, as ‘ammunition’ bread should be.
1935 M. R. Anand Untouchable 5 The sharp, bitter wind..had penetrated..the regulation overcoat, breeches, puttees and ammunition boots of the military uniform that clothed him.
1992 G. M. Fraser Quartered Safe out Here 4 They were, incidentally, the finest drivers I have ever seen, enormous jungle-wallahs in greatcoats and vast ammunition boots, with tribal cuts on their beaming black faces.
C3.
ammunition dump n. a place where ammunition is stored.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > store of weapons or equipment > [noun] > place for storing weapons
armoury1440
arsenal1572
magazinea1599
small armoury1713
armamentary1727
place of arms1768
ammunition depot1799
expense magazine1839
bell1858
ammunition dump1918
weapon-pita1944
silo1958
1918 Engineer 18 Jan. 55/2 Extravagances such as tanks appearing as haystacks, or ammunition dumps as holly trees are far from uncommon.
2015 Daily Tel. 1 Dec. 33/1 The house's decline had already begun when, during the Second World War, it was requisitioned as a billet for American troops and the grounds used as an ammunition dump.
ammunition face n. Obsolete rare a warlike expression.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > types of face > [noun]
muskin1530
vizard1568
monkey-face?1589
chitty-face1601
angel face1605
smock-face1605
fish-facea1625
platter face1631
ammunition face1649
horn-facea1668
baby facea1684
crab face1706
hatchet face1707
splatter-face1707
paddock-face1724
pudding face1748
dough face1755
Madonna face1790
company face1798
moon-face1822
pug-facea1845
puss1844
frog-face1872
bun-face1913
bitch face1969
1649 J. Cleveland Char. Country Committee-man 3 So much for his warlike or ammunition face.
1661 Speeches Oliver Cromwell, Henry Ireton, & John Bradshaw 4 Though I have none of the best Faces, I quickly found 'twas well approved off for a Warlike or Ammunition Face.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

ammunitionv.

Brit. /ˌamjᵿˈnɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌæmjəˈnɪʃən/
Forms: see ammunition n.
Etymology: < ammunition n. Compare Middle French, French †amunitionner (2nd half of the 16th cent.; c1560 as admunitionner).
transitive. To supply with ammunition; (formerly also occasionally) to provide with food, to provision. Cf. munition v. 1.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > arming or equipping with weapons > arm or equip [verb (transitive)] > provide with ammunition
ammunition1643
shot1886
1643 Abp. J. Williams Let. 18 Dec. in Archæologia Cambrensis (1869) 15 311 The Castle here beinge repayred, well victuayled, & reasonablye amunitioned, but all vpon myne owne private chardges.
1644 W. Prynne & C. Walker True Relation Prosecution N. Fiennes 19 Why did he fortifie and ammunition the City?
1832 Day (Glasgow) 9 Feb. 136/1 Some individuals, residing in and near town.., have ammunitioned their houses with victuals for three months.
1863 S. Shabrach Let. 10 Dec. in Wearing of Gray (1867) iii. v. 368 They are..badly equipped, provisioned, and ammunitioned.
1910 Pearson's Mag. Oct. 423/1 This ‘reserve’ was sent for, ammunitioned, provisioned and rushed up into the firing line.
2004 M. Hastings Armageddon ii. 59 It is highly improbable that Montgomery's cherished forty-division thrust at the Ruhr..could have been fuelled, ammunitioned and provisioned without the use of Antwerp.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.?1588v.1643
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