† droukeningn.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: *droukne , -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < an unattested Middle English verb *droukne to become dejected or downcast (see droukening adj.) + -ing suffix¹.

Obsolete.

A dejected or troubled state.

ΚΠ

c1300 Body & Soul (Laud Misc. 108) (1889) 25 Als i lay in a winteris nyt In a droukening [c1330 Auch. droupening, c1390 Vernon droupnynge, a1450 Digby derkyng, a1450 Royal in a wynternyght, A litel drouknynge] bifor þe day.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022).

† droukeningadj.

Forms: early Middle English druicninde (probably transmission error), early Middle English durcninde (see note), Middle English drouknyng.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: *droukne , -ing suffix².

Etymology: < an unattested Middle English verb *droukne to become dejected or downcast, of uncertain origin (see note) + -ing suffix². Compare droukening n., and also later drowk v.Middle English *droukne is perhaps an alteration of droupne droopen v. after early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic drukna to be drowned: see drunken v.¹). Semantically (and also phonologically in so far as length of stem vowel is concerned) the word accords well with droopen v., whereas in consonantism it appears to show the influence of the Scandinavian verb (which has a short stem vowel); an otherwise unattested semantic development of the latter from ‘to be drowned’ to ‘to be overwhelmed (figuratively)’ (compare e.g. drench v. 6) is a further possibility that cannot be ruled out. The form druicninde may conceivably reflect the influence of Old English gedrycned dried up, emaciated, but is more likely simply to show a scribal error for drucninde . The form durcninde, if not also erroneous, may show metathesis, or perhaps even a different word. A later example is perhaps shown by the variant reading (from MS Royal) in quot. c1300 at droukening n.; however, interpretation as a noun is also possible (and preferable).

Obsolete.

Dejected, downcast.

ΚΠ

c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Bodl.) (1981) l. 736 Þe keiser..dearede al ade[a]det, druicninde [probably read drucninde; c1225 Royal durcninde, a1250 Titus drupninde] ant dreori.

c1390 Disputacio inter Mariam et Crucem (Vernon) f. 316^v Alle þei seiden þei weore sori, ffordolled in a drouknyng dred.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022).

单词	droukening
释义	† droukeningn. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: droukne , -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < an unattested Middle English verb droukne to become dejected or downcast (see droukening adj.) + -ing suffix¹. Obsolete. A dejected or troubled state. ΚΠ c1300 Body & Soul (Laud Misc. 108) (1889) 25 Als i lay in a winteris nyt In a droukening [c1330 Auch. droupening, c1390 Vernon droupnynge, a1450 Digby derkyng, a1450 Royal in a wynternyght, A litel drouknynge] bifor þe day. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022). † droukeningadj. Forms: early Middle English druicninde (probably transmission error), early Middle English durcninde (see note), Middle English drouknyng. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: droukne , -ing suffix². Etymology: < an unattested Middle English verb droukne to become dejected or downcast, of uncertain origin (see note) + -ing suffix². Compare droukening n., and also later drowk v.Middle English droukne is perhaps an alteration of droupne* droopen v. after early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic drukna to be drowned: see drunken v.¹). Semantically (and also phonologically in so far as length of stem vowel is concerned) the word accords well with droopen v., whereas in consonantism it appears to show the influence of the Scandinavian verb (which has a short stem vowel); an otherwise unattested semantic development of the latter from ‘to be drowned’ to ‘to be overwhelmed (figuratively)’ (compare e.g. drench v. 6) is a further possibility that cannot be ruled out. The form druicninde may conceivably reflect the influence of Old English gedrycned dried up, emaciated, but is more likely simply to show a scribal error for drucninde . The form durcninde, if not also erroneous, may show metathesis, or perhaps even a different word. A later example is perhaps shown by the variant reading (from MS Royal) in quot. c1300 at droukening n.; however, interpretation as a noun is also possible (and preferable). Obsolete. Dejected, downcast. ΚΠ c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Bodl.) (1981) l. 736 Þe keiser..dearede al ade[a]det, druicninde [probably read drucninde; c1225 Royal durcninde, a1250 Titus drupninde] ant dreori. c1390 Disputacio inter Mariam et Crucem (Vernon) f. 316^v Alle þei seiden þei weore sori, ffordolled in a drouknyng dred. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022). < n.c1300adj.c1225
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