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单词 dragon
释义

dragonn.1

/ˈdraɡən/
Forms: Middle English dragun, Middle English–1500s dragone, dragoun(e, Middle English dragowne, Middle English– dragon.
Etymology: < French dragon < Latin dracōn-em (nominative draco), < Greek δράκων, -οντα; usually referred to δρακ- strong aorist stem of δέρκεσθαι to see clearly.
†1. A huge serpent or snake; a python. Obsolete (except in etymological use).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Ophidia (snakes) > [noun] > member of (snake) > huge
dragonc1220
the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Ophidia (snakes) > types of snake > [noun] > family Pythonidae > member of (python)
dragonc1220
rock snake1796
boa constrictor1809
pythona1825
macajuel1838
pythonine1890
pythonid1895
c1220 Bestiary 759 Ðe dragunes one ne stiren nout..oc daren stille in here pit.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2924 Worpen he ðor wondes dun, Fro euerilc ðor crep a dragun.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5900 Dun þai kest a wand ilkan, And þai wex dragons [Fairf. dragownes, Gött. dragonis, Trin. Cambr. Dragouns] son onan.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) v. 40 It is alle deserte & fulle of Dragouns & grete serpentes.
?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 48 Be dragonis baitht and dowis ay in double forme.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 529 Hee..Now Dragon grown, larger then whom the Sun Ingenderd in the Pythian Vale on slime, Huge Python. View more context for this quotation
1700 S. Patrick Comm. Deut. xxxii. 33 Many authors..say that dragons have no poison in them.
1849 C. Kingsley Poetry Sacred Art in Misc. (1860) I. 265 Why should not these dragons have been simply what the Greek word dragon means—what..the superstitions of the peasantry in many parts of England to this day assert them to have been—‘mighty worms’, huge snakes?
2.
a. A mythical monster, represented as a huge and terrible reptile, usually combining ophidian and crocodilian structure, with strong claws, like a beast or bird of prey, and a scaly skin; it is generally represented with wings, and sometimes as breathing out fire. The heraldic dragon combines reptilian and mammalian form with the addition of wings.It is difficult to separate senses 1, 2 in early instances.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > mythical creature or object > [noun] > dragon
drakea1000
firedrakeOE
wormOE
adderOE
dragona1225
fire dragonc1475
fiendc1540
fenne1567
pen-dragon1601
water dragon1689
a1225 St. Marher. 158 Þe deuel com to þis maide swye In aforme of a dragoun.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (1724) 151 Out of the dragone's mouth twei leomes ther stode there.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Dan. xiv. 28 Ȝeue to vs Danyel, that distruyede Bel, and slewȝ the dragoun.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 166 A derfe dragon drede to be-holde.
1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 158 There be some Dragons which haue winges and no feete, some againe haue both feete and wings.
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. i. 288 Saint George that swindg'd the Dragon . View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) i. i. 11 His Armes spred wider then a Dragons Wings. View more context for this quotation
1762 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting I. ii. 32 On a rising ground above the tents is St. George on a brown steed striking with his sword at the dragon, which is flying in the air.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VII. 156 The Dragon, a most terrible animal, but most probably not of Nature's formation.
1813 W. Scott Bridal of Triermain iii. xix. 157 They..faced the dragon's breath of fire.
1895 A. H. S. Landor Corea 116 In shape, as the natives picture it, the dragon is not unlike a huge lizard, with long-nailed claws, and a flat long head..possessed of horns and a long mane of fire.
b. Hence frequent allusions to ancient and medieval tales of dragons, as those which watchfully guarded the Gardens of the Hesperides, those which drew the chariot of Cynthia or the moon, those fought and slain by Beowulf, St. George, and other champions.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > ill will, malevolence > [noun] > person or thing displaying
devilOE
hatelc1175
fiendc1220
hellhoundc1340
foea1393
atterlingc1450
basilisk1477
ill-willerc1500
attercop1508
malign1536
ettercapa1583
demon1591
viper1596
dragon1600
ill-wisher1607
malevolent1609
malevolo1648
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iii. ii. 380 Nights swift Dragons cut the clouds full fast. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) ii. ii. 48 Swift, swift, you Dragons of the night, that dawning May beare the Rauens eye. View more context for this quotation
1663 J. Heath Flagellum (ed. 2) 5 He was very notorious for robbing of Orchards..the frequent spoyls and damages of Trees..committed by this Apple-Dragon.
1837 H. Martineau Society in Amer. III. 240 The other public buildings being guarded by the dragon of bigotry.
1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits x. 171 Harder still it has proved to resist and rule the dragon Money, with his paper wings.
1860 R. W. Emerson Fate in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 27 Every brave youth is in training to ride and rule this dragon [sc. Fate].
c. like a dragon: fiercely, violently.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > fierce [phrase]
as wroth as (the) wind1377
like a dragon1711
1711 J. Swift Lett. (1767) III. 213 We ate roast beef like dragons.
1740 tr. C. de F. de Mouhy Fortunate Country Maid I. 163 The poor Boy..seeing himself collar'd, fought like a Dragon.
1827 W. Scott Jrnl. 27 Sept. (1941) 106 I even made a work of necessity, and set to the Tales like a dragon.
3. In the Bible versions reproducing draco of the Vulgate and δράκων of the Septuagint, where the Hebrew has (a) tannīn a great sea- or water-monster, a whale, shark, or crocodile, also a large serpent; or (b) tan a desert mammalian animal, now understood to be the jackal, and so rendered in the Revised Version.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > mythical creature or object > [noun] > aquatic monster or serpent
nickerOE
cetec1220
dragona1340
serra1449
hurlpool1553
afanc1573
orcc1590
sea monster1600
Hydrus1667
sea-dragon1749
kraken1755
sea-snake1755
Midgard1770
the (great) sea-serpent1774
sea-worm1799
taniwha1840
makara1873
Mamlambo1919
lau1923
Ogopogo1926
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter lxxiii[i]. 14 Þou angird þe heuedis of dragunys [1382 Wyclif dragounys, 1611 dragons, 1885 R.V. dragons (margin. sea-monsters)] in watirs.
1382 J. Wyclif Psalms xc[i]. 13 Thou shalt to-trede the leoun and the dragoun [1611 dragon, 1885 R.V. serpent].
1382 J. Wyclif Job xxx. 29 Brother I was of dragouns [1611 dragons, 1885 R.V. jackals].
1382 J. Wyclif Isa. xxxiv. 13 It shal be the bed place of dragownes [1611 dragons, 1885 R.V. jackals].
1885 Bible (R.V.) Psalms cxlviii. 7 Praise the Lord from the earth, Ye dragons [margin. sea-monsters] and all deeps.
4.
a. An appellation of Satan, the ‘Old Serpent’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > a devil > the Devil or Satan > [noun]
devileOE
Beelzebubc950
the foul ghosteOE
SatanOE
warlockOE
SatanasOE
worsea1200
unwinea1225
wondc1250
quedea1275
pucka1300
serpenta1300
dragon1340
shrew1362
Apollyon1382
the god of this worldc1384
Mahoundc1400
leviathan1412
worsta1425
old enemyc1449
Ruffin1567
dismal1570
Plotcocka1578
the Wicked One1582
goodman1603
Mahu1603
foul thief1609
somebody1609
legiona1616
Lord of Flies1622
walliman1629
shaitan1638
Old Nicka1643
Nick1647
unsel?1675
old gentleman1681
old boy1692
the gentleman in black1693
deuce1694
Black Spy1699
the vicious one1713
worricow1719
Old Roger1725
Lord of the Flies1727
Simmie1728
Old Scratch1734
Old Harry1777
Old Poker1784
Auld Hornie1786
old (auld), ill thief1789
old one1790
little-good1821
Tom Walker1833
bogy1840
diabolarch1845
Old Ned1859
iniquity1899
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 174 Ine þe þrote of þe lyone of helle, and of þe dragoune þet him wyle uorzuelȝe.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Rev. xx. 2 And he cauȝte the dragoun, the olde serpent, that is the deuel and Sathanas.
c1440 York Myst. xxi. 157 The dragons poure..Thurgh my baptyme distroyed haue I.
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 69 Done is a battell on the dragon blak.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 3 The Dragon, put to second rout, Came furious down to be reveng'd on men. View more context for this quotation
1707 I. Watts Hymns & Spiritual Songs ii. 162 The old Dragon..With all his hellish Crew.
b. transferred. A devilish person; a ‘fiend’.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > [noun] > devilish wickedness > devilish or hellish person
fiendc1220
Satan?a1513
dragon1568
Luciferian1647
infernal1748
pandemoniac1923
1568 (a1508) W. Kennedy Flyting (Bannatyne) in Poems W. Dunbar (1998) I. 208 Dathane, deiuillis sone and dragone dispitous.
1568 (a1508) W. Kennedy Flyting (Bannatyne) in Poems W. Dunbar (1998) I. 209 Corspatrick..That dampnit dragone drew him in diserth.
1715 I. Mather Several Serm. (Boston) i. ii. 40 Has not the Dragon of France boasted, that he caused Twenty hundred thousand Persons to renounce their Religion?
c. An evil power embodied. rare.
ΚΠ
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xii. l. 287 Inwy the wyle dragoun, In cruell fyr he byrnys this regioun.
5. An appellation of Death. archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > [noun] > personified or as an agent
deathOE
dragon?a1513
stinger1552
stretch-legc1560
king of terrors1610
divorcer?1611
reaper1650
raw-bone1784
Small-Back1823
grim reaper1847
the great or last enemy1885
scytheman1909
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 100 O duilfull death, O dragon dolorous!
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 141 Off deathe..the dragoun stang thame.
1878 R. Browning La Saisiaz 43 The serpent pains which herald, swarming in, the dragon death.
6. A fierce violent person; esp. a fiercely or aggressively watchful woman; a duenna. dragon of virtue (French dragon de vertu), a woman of austere and aggressive virtue.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > watching or keeping guard > [noun] > keeper or guardian > grim or vigilant > woman
dragoness1764
dragon1843
1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Dragon..3. A fierce violent man or woman.
1843 W. M. Thackeray Ravenswing vi, in Fraser's Mag. Aug. 205/1 Lady Thrum, dragon of virtue and propriety.
1863 W. F. Campbell & J. F. Campbell Life in Normandy I. 178 She will keep her husband in as tight order as the handsome old dragon we met just now.
1887 Mrs. C. Reade Maid o' Mill II. xxvii. 116 Confronted by the dragon, in her not least dragonesque mood.
7.
a. A representation or figure of the mythical creature.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldic representations of creatures > [noun] > monsters
dragonc1330
griffina1400
yalec1425
mermaid1445
manticorec1470
cockatrice1513
mermaiden1538
opinicus1546
lituit1562
Pegasus1562
equicerve1572
harpy1572
lyciske1572
verme1572
wyver1599
merman1601
lion-dragon1610
lion-poisson1610
wyvern1610
Sagittarius1619
sagittary1632
man-fish1653
sea lion1661
satyral1724
man-tiger1780
sea-dog1780
Welsh dragon1799
camelopardel1830
satyr1845
serpivolant1866
sea monkey1909
c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 1042 Tristrem..Bar him þurch þe dragoun In þe scheld.
1538–9 Inventory Westm. Abbey in Trans. London & Middlesex Archæol. Soc. (1873) 4 iii. 332 Hym that beryth the Dragon on Easter Evyn.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. iv A red firye dragon beaten vpon white and grene sarcenet.
1766 ‘M. A. Porny’ Elem. Heraldry (1787) 203 The Eleventh is Or, a Dragon passant Vert.
1870 H. W. Henfrey Guide Eng. Coins (1891) 38 The dragon on some of the coins [of Henry VII] was the ensign of Cadwallader, the last King of the Britons.
1888 J. T. Fowler Memorials Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon III. 234 (note) On the three Rogation Days the dragon was carried ‘in principio processionis’.
†b. An ensign or standard, having the figure of a dragon. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > insignia > standard > [noun] > of specific form
dragon1297
horsetail1613
toug1687
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (1724) 303 Edmond ydyȝt hys standard..And hys dragon vp yset.
c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 13345 A-mong þo was þe dragoun Þat Arthur bar for gonfanoun.
a1400 K. Alis. 4300 Theo kyng dude sette out his dragoun.
1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xvi. xi. 74 The purple ensigne of a dragon fitted to the top of a..high launce, as if it had beene the pendant slough of a serpent.
c. dragon china n. a kind of porcelain decorated with designs of dragons.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > porcelain > porcelain china with specific decoration
dragon china1786
cracknel1821
crackle1867
crackling1880
1786 F. Tytler Lounger No. 79. ⁋8 Ringing it to try if it was without a flaw, she returned it into the auctioneer's hands, declaring it a piece of true Dragon.
1853 E. M. Sewell Exper. of Life ix. 80 Tea came, and..the wide cups of dragon china.
d. to chase the dragon (slang): to take heroin by inhalation (see quot. 1961).
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > take drugs [verb (intransitive)] > take heroin
to chase the dragon1961
1961 Harney & Cross Narcotic Officer's Handbk. iii. 58 The method of smoking heroin called ‘chasing the dragon’ or its variant, ‘playing the mouth organ’... In ‘chasing the dragon’ the heroin and any diluting drug are placed on a folded piece of tinfoil. This is heated with a taper and the resulting fumes inhaled through a small tube of bamboo or rolled paper. The fumes move up and down the tinfoil with the movements of the molten powder, resembling the undulating tail of the mythical Chinese dragon. When a matchbox cover instead of a tube is used to assist in inhaling the vapour, that operation is called ‘playing the mouth organ’, which the action suggests.
1982 T. Mo Sour Sweet vi. 50 Probably the stuff was now only twenty per cent pure. Still, good enough for ‘chasing the dragon’ Hong Kong style with match, silver foil, and paper tube.
1984 Times 8 Oct. 13/3 More [heroin] is taken by sniffing the powder—snorting; or by ‘chasing the dragon’..less through intravenous injection.
1985 R. Lewis Blurred Reality iii. 105 There's this myth among the kids that if they inhale the burned skag it isn't going to hurt them. Chasing the dragon, they call it.
8. Astronomy.
a. A northern constellation, Draco.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > constellation > Northern constellations > [noun] > Draco
dragon1556
1556 R. Record Castle of Knowl. 263 Aboute these 2 Beares is there a long trace of 31 starres, commonly called the Dragon.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 59 Around our Pole the spiry Dragon glides, And like a winding Stream the Bears divides. View more context for this quotation
1786 J. Bonnycastle Introd. Astron. 415 Draco, or the Dragon, a northern constellation..of forty-nine stars.
†b. The part of the moon's path which lies south of the ecliptic: see dragon's head n., tail n.1 Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > moon > lunar orbit > [noun] > south of ecliptic
dragon1398
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) viii. xix. 330 The heed of the dragon and the taylle..meue wyth the fyrmament and folowe his course.
c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) ii. §4. 18 Whan that no wykkid planete, as..the tail of the dragoun, is in [the] hows of the assendent.
1594 T. Blundeville Exercises iii. i. xv. f. 147 The Dragon then signifieth none other thing but the intersection of 2. circles, that is to say, of the Ecliptique, & of the circle that carieth the Moon..and that part towards the South is called of some the belly of the Dragon.
†c. Applied to a shooting star with a luminous train. Obsolete. Cf. drake n.1 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > constellation > comet or meteor > meteor > [noun]
drakec1275
dragon1398
falling stara1475
starn-shot1513
dancing-goats1563
firedrake1563
meteor1594
shooting star1597
goat1614
shooter1633
shot star1633
phasm1656
snow-fire1771
meteorite1823
asteroid1830
cometoid1861
exhalation1871
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) viii. xxiii. 335 Amonge the mydle sterres of Artos fallyth downe as it were a dragon other a fleenge sterre in lyknesse of lyghtenynge.
1563 W. Fulke Goodle Gallerye Causes Meteors ii. f. 7 Meteores..haue diuers names..fierbrandes, lampes, flying dragons or firedrakes.
1563 W. Fulke Goodle Gallerye Causes Meteors ii. f. 10 This dragon thus being caused, flyeth along in ye ayre, & somtime turneth to & fro, if it meat with a cold cloud.
1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 119 Fiery dragons were seene fliyng in the ayre.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth I. 380 Floating bodies of fire, which assume different names... The draco volans, or flying dragon, as it is called.
9. A paper kite. [ < German drache.] Scottish.
ΚΠ
1756 M. Calderwood Lett. & Jrnls. (1884) 145 A peice of brocade..in the shape of a dragon the boys let fly.
1868 G. MacDonald Robert Falconer I. 253 The dragon broke its string..and drifting away, went..downwards in the distance.
10.
Thesaurus »
Categories »
†a. An early firearm; = dragoon n. 1. Obsolete.
†b. A soldier armed with this; = dragoon n. 2. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > mounted soldier > others
jousterc1330
knight1489
rutter1506
reister1521
reiter1556
ruiter1579
hargulater1581
lancer1590
lance1602
rutar1610
dragon1620
dragoon1622
right-hand man1626
dragooner1639
leaguerer1639
deli1667
Light Dragoon1700
uhlan1753
sabre1836
parachutist1837
sabreur1845
yellow leg1857
spahi1863
horse-marine1878
uhlaner1886
1620 W. Yonge Diary Sept. (1848) 35 Colonel Francis his regiment, especially the soldiers called the Dragons, do continually make incursions upon the enemy.
1834 J. R. Planché Hist. Brit. Costume 270 The dragon received its name from its muzzle, being generally ornamented with the head of that fabled monster, and the troops who used it..acquired the name of Dragons and Dragoons from this circumstance.
1849 J. Grant Mem. Kirkaldy xviii. 198.
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Dragon, an old name for a musketoon.
c. A very powerful armoured tractor.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > military vehicles > [noun] > armed or armoured > armoured tractor
hathi1924
dragon1926
1926 Glasgow Herald 8 Apr. 11 The tanks, dragons, light and heavy guns, cookers, etc.
1927 Sunday Express 1 May 7 Just as these ‘tankettes’ will largely supersede the infantry, so will the ‘dragons’ supersede horse-teams for bringing up the guns.
11. Zoology. A lizard of the genus Draco, having on each flank a broad wing-like membrane, which enables it to leap some distance in the air.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Lacertilia (lizards) > [noun] > family Agamidae (dragon lizards) > member of genus Draco (flying-lizard)
flying lizard1693
dragon1813
rock lizard1838
1813 J. M. Good et al. Pantologia at Draco D. Volans. Flying Dragon.
1823 G. Crabb Universal Technol. Dict. Dragon (Zool.) the Draco of Linnæus, a four-footed beast of the lizard tribe..able, by means of its lateral membrane, to support itself for a short time in the air.
1841 Penny Cycl. XX. 457/2 The canines of the Dragon are proportionally longer than those of Stellio.
1847 W. B. Carpenter Zool.: Systematic Acct. I. §468 The Dragons of zoologists, instead of being formidable animals, like those of poets, are of very small size, and only attack insects.
†12. More fully dragon fish. Cf. sea-dragon n. 1.
a. A weeverfish of the family Trachinidae. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia 198 Dragon..the flesh is hard and dry, but if prepared, pleasant.
b. A dragonet of the family Callionymidae. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > [noun] > suborder Callionymoidei (dragonets) > member of genus Callionymus (dragonet)
sea-dragon1551
quaviver1589
sculpin1672
sea spider1672
dracunculus1752
dragonet1769
dragon fish1769
1694 Acct. Several Late Voy. (1711) ii. 132 Of the Dragon-fish.
1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 130 Dragonet..Dragon fish. Marten's Spitzberg.
Thesaurus »
Categories »
c. = angler n.2 3; Lophius. Obsolete.
13. A fancy variety of pigeon; = dragoon n. 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Columbiformes (pigeons, etc.) > domestic pigeon > [noun] > other types
porcelainc1530
turn-pate1611
light horseman1661
runt1661
smiter1668
helmet1676
mammet1678
Cortbeck1688
turbit1688
turner1688
dragoon1725
finicking1725
Leghorn1725
nun1725
owl1725
petit1725
trumpeter1725
horseman1735
Mahomet1735
barbel1736
turn-tail1736
frill-back1765
blue rock1825
beard1826
ice pigeon1829
toy1831
black1839
skinnum1839
splash1851
whole-feather1851
spangle1854
swallow1854
shield1855
stork pigeon1855
Swabian1855
yellow1855
archangel1867
dragon1867
starling1867
magpie1868
smerle1869
bluette1870
cumulet1876
oriental1876
spot fairy1876
turbiteen1876
blondinette1879
hyacinth1879
Modena pigeon1879
silver-dun1879
silverette1879
silver-mealy1879
swift pigeon1879
Victoria1879
visor1879
ice1881
swallow pigeon1881
velvet fairy1881
priesta1889
frill1890
1867 W. B. Tegetmeier Pigeons viii. 80 The Dragon most closely resembles..the Carrier, and it is stated..that it was produced by mating a Tumbler with a Horseman or a Carrier.
1895 Daily News 10 Oct. 5/4 A splendid collection of dragons and tumblers, both short-faced and flying.
14. (Also green dragon.) The plant Dracunculus vulgaris (formerly Arum Dracunculus); = dragons n., dragonwort n. Also applied to species of Dracontium.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Araceae (wake-robin and allies) > [noun]
dragonsc1000
cuckoo-pintlea1400
yekestersea1400
aaron?c1425
calf's-footc1450
cuckoo-spitc1450
rampa1500
priest's hood1526
wake-robin1530
green dragon1538
arum1551
cuckoo-pint1551
dragonwort1565
priest's pintle1578
tarragon1591
starch root1596
friar's cowl1597
friar's-hood1597
starchwort1597
dragon serpentine1598
dragon's-herb1600
small dragonwort1674
dumb cane1696
skunk weed1735
polecat weed1743
lords and ladies1755
mucka-mucka1769
skunk cabbage1778
bloody man's finger1787
green dragon1789
swamp-cabbage1792
priest in the pulpit1837
orontiad1846
arad1853
cows and calves1853
bulls and cows1863
skunk cabbage1869
aroid1876
Adam and Eve1877
stallion1878
cunjevoi1889
1538 W. Turner Libellus de re Herbaria at Dracontia Latine dracunculus colubrina, & serpentaria dicitur, anglice Dragon.
1551 W. Turner New Herball sig. O vj Dragon hath a certayne lykenes vnto aron, bothe in the lefe and also in the roote.
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §632 The Spirits doe but weaken, and dissipate, when they come to the Air and Sunne; As we see it in Onions, Garlick, Dragon, &c.
1858 R. Hogg Veg. Kingdom 796 Dracunculus vulgaris, or Green Dragon, is a native of the South of Europe, and receives its name from spots on the stem.
1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. Dragon, Dracunculus vulgaris; also applied to the orontiaceous genus Dracontium.
†15. A disease of the eye of the horse: see quots.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of horses > [noun] > disorders of eyes
walleye1523
lunacy1600
moon-eye1607
eyes of wall1611
dragon1639
moon blindnessc1720
moonc1721
glass eye1831
pink-eye1855
1639 T. de Gray Compl. Horseman ii. v. 94 Dimnesse of Sight, Filmes, Pearles, Pin and web, Dragons, Serpentines.
c1720 W. Gibson Farriers New Guide ii. xxiv. 94 Cataract..is the same which the Farriers distinguish by the different Names of a Speck, Pearl, or Dragon.
c1720 W. Gibson Farriers New Guide ii. xxiv. 81 When it is very small, and shows itself only in the Bottom of the watery Humour, it is then called a Dragon.
16. (Also dragon cane): see quot.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > support > [noun] > that which supports > something to lean on > staff to lean on > cane
wand1548
cane1590
rattan1657
Japan1678
whangee1776
rattan stick1812
Malacca cane1844
crutch-cane1846
dragon cane1851
Malacca1871
1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. III. 798 From Singapore..Ratans, dragons, and Penang lawyers are stems of various species of Calamus.
1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. III. 800 Dragon canes mounted.
17. slang. A sovereign: from the device of St. George and the Dragon.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > English coins > [noun] > coin of twenty shillings
goldfinch1602
Harry sovereign1615
piece1631
jingle-boya1640
yellow boy1654
quid1661
marigold1663
broad-piece1678
pound piecea1715
gold penny1736
sovereign1817
dragon1827
sov1829
chip?1836
couter1846
thick 'un1848
monarch1851
James1858
skiv1858
Victoria1870
goblin1887
red one1890
Jimmy1899
quidlet1902
Jimmy O'Goblin1931
pound coin1931
1827 Maginn Transl. Vidocq. (Farmer) Collar his dragons clear away.
1859 G. W. Matsell Vocabulum (Farmer).

Compounds

C1. attributive or as adj. Of or as of a dragon, of the nature of a dragon; dragon-like, dragonish.
ΚΠ
1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida v. ix. 17 The dragon wing of night orespreds the earth. View more context for this quotation
1645 J. Milton Il Penseroso in Poems 39 Cynthia checks her Dragon yoke.
1777 R. Potter tr. Æschylus Tragedies 86 Fierce with dragon-rage.
1822 W. Irving Bracebridge Hall II. 192 They..kept a dragon watch on the gipsies.
1832 Ld. Tennyson Dream Fair Women lxxi, in Poems (new ed.) 140 Those dragon eyes of angered Eleanor.
1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xxiii. 225 Two dragon sentries keeping ward.
1868 Ld. Tennyson Lucretius 50 Dragon warriors from Cadmean teeth.
1903 Folk-Lore Sept. 293 A dragon-horse carrying on its back a scroll.
1937 Burlington Mag. Oct. 162/1 The ch'i-lui, also called dragon-horse, is known to us from classic writings.
C2. General combinations:
a. Attributive.
dragon-bought n.
ΚΠ
1872 Ld. Tennyson Gareth & Lynette 16 The dragon-boughts and elvish emblemings Began to move.
dragon-coil n.
dragon-face n.
ΚΠ
1709 Ld. Shaftesbury Sensus Communis: Ess. Freedom of Wit 120 Those Grotesque Figures, and Dragon-Faces.
dragon-feet n.
ΚΠ
1820 W. Tooke tr. Lucian Lucian of Samosata I. 107 Hecate..stamped with her dragon-feet.
† dragon-hame n. Obsolete (covering).
ΚΠ
a1400–50 Alexander 487 Anec[t]anabus..Did on him his dragon-hame and drafe thurȝe þe sale.
dragon-hole n.
ΚΠ
1483 Cath. Angl. 106/2 A Dragon hole.
dragon-killer n.
ΚΠ
1687 T. Brown Saints in Uproar in Wks. (1730) I. 81 Ten times more troublesome than..the dragon-killer.
1963 Times 17 May 24/2 (advt.) Every quarter it reviews, comprehensively and authoritatively, the latest developments in pure and applied science. It is the best dragon-killer sixpence can buy.
dragon-kind n.
dragon-legend n.
ΚΠ
1850 A. Jameson Sacred & Legendary Art (ed. 2) 424/1 The dragon-legend of the Gargonille.
dragon-mail n.
ΚΠ
1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc vii. 392 Clad in his dragon mail.
dragon-race n.
dragon-scale n.
ΚΠ
1885 W. B. Yeats in Dublin Univ. Rev. Apr. Until afar appear the gleaming dragon-scales.
dragon-seed n.
ΚΠ
1855 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity IV. ix. viii. 179 Had only sowed the dragon seed of worse heresies.
dragon tooth n. (see Compounds 4b.)
dragon-whelp n.
ΚΠ
1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 164 A little Dragon-whelpe bredde in Arcadia.
dragon-womb n.
ΚΠ
1637 J. Milton Comus 5 The Dragon woome Of Stygian darknesse.
b. Similative.
dragon-green adj.
ΚΠ
1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 1 Dec. 5/1 Dragon-green great coats with red linings.
c. Instrumental.
dragon-guarded adj.
ΚΠ
1901 Daily News 22 Feb. 6/3 Their places of captivity stand for dragon-guarded castles.
1914 W. B. Yeats Responsibilities 32 In a dragon-guarded land.
dragon-ridden adj.
ΚΠ
1922 W. B. Yeats Seven Poems 8 Now days are dragon-ridden.
dragon-wardered adj.
d. Parasynthetic.
(a)
dragon-eyed adj.
dragon-mouthed adj.
ΚΠ
1886 W. J. Tucker Life E. Europe 236 The prodigious, dragon-mouthed water-pipes.
dragon-penned adj.
dragon-winged adj.
ΚΠ
1605 Play Stucley 1191 in R. Simpson School of Shakspere I. 206 His dauntless dragon-winged thoughts.
(b)
dragon-like adj. and adv.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > mythical creature or object > [adverb] > in the manner of a dragon
dragon-likea1616
a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) iv. vii. 23 He..Fights Dragon-like, and does atcheeue as soone As draw his Sword. View more context for this quotation
C3. Special combinations. Also dragonfly n., etc.
dragon arum n. the plant Dracunculus vulgaris (sense 14).
dragon-beam n. ‘a short beam lying diagonally with the wall-plates at the angles of the roof for receiving the heel or foot of the hip-rafter’ (Gwilt).
ΚΠ
1679 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. ix. Explan. Terms 166 Dragon beams, are two strong Braces or Struts..meeting in an angle upon the shoulder of the King peece.
dragon-piece n. = dragon-beam n.
ΚΠ
1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 222 Dragon-piece, a beam bisecting the wall-plate, for receiving the heel or foot of the hip-rafters.
dragon-bushes n. Linaria vulgaris (Miller).
dragon claw n. = dragon's-claw n. at Compounds 4a.
dragon-fish n. (see sense 12).
dragon-plant n. a name for the species of Dracæna.
† dragon serpentine n. Obsolete = dragonwort n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Araceae (wake-robin and allies) > [noun]
dragonsc1000
cuckoo-pintlea1400
yekestersea1400
aaron?c1425
calf's-footc1450
cuckoo-spitc1450
rampa1500
priest's hood1526
wake-robin1530
green dragon1538
arum1551
cuckoo-pint1551
dragonwort1565
priest's pintle1578
tarragon1591
starch root1596
friar's cowl1597
friar's-hood1597
starchwort1597
dragon serpentine1598
dragon's-herb1600
small dragonwort1674
dumb cane1696
skunk weed1735
polecat weed1743
lords and ladies1755
mucka-mucka1769
skunk cabbage1778
bloody man's finger1787
green dragon1789
swamp-cabbage1792
priest in the pulpit1837
orontiad1846
arad1853
cows and calves1853
bulls and cows1863
skunk cabbage1869
aroid1876
Adam and Eve1877
stallion1878
cunjevoi1889
1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Dragontea, the herb dragon wort, or dragon serpentine.
dragon-shell n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Dragon-shell..a name given..to a species of concamerated patella or limpet. This has its top very much bent, and is of an ash-colour on the outside, but of an elegant and bright flesh-colour within.
dragon-stone n. draconites n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > stones associated with animals > [noun] > dragon-stone
draconites1578
dragon-stone1632
1632 R. Sherwood Dict. in R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues (new ed.) Dragon stone, draconite.
† dragon-volant n. Obsolete (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Dragon-volant, the old name for a gun of large calibre used in the French navy.
† dragon-water n. Obsolete a medicinal preparation popular in 17th cent.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > febrifuge or antipyretic > [noun] > others
dragon-water1607
Goa stone1681
spirit of Mindererus1772
kairine1883
acetophenetidin1888
phenacetin1888
pyrodin1888
thalline1888
phenocoll1891
iodopyrin1892
tolypyrin1893
triphenin1896
pyramidon1898
aspirin1899
phenazone1899
thermodin1899
APC1930
Panadol1955
paracetamol1957
1607 T. Dekker & J. Webster West-ward Hoe ii. ii. sig. D Will you send her a Box of Mithridatum and Dragon water.
1615 G. Markham Eng. House-wife (1668) ii. i. 6 For the Quartan Fever, Take..Dragon water.
C4. Combinations with dragon's.
a. In names of plants.
dragon's-claw n. = (dragonwort n.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Orchidaceae family or members > [noun]
helleborine1597
Serapias1597
frog orchis1688
anguloa1819
dragon's-claw1832
saccolabium1850
coral-root1854
1832 Comstock Bot. (1850) 424 Corallorhiza Dragon's claw.
dragon's-herb n. = dragon's-claw n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Araceae (wake-robin and allies) > [noun]
dragonsc1000
cuckoo-pintlea1400
yekestersea1400
aaron?c1425
calf's-footc1450
cuckoo-spitc1450
rampa1500
priest's hood1526
wake-robin1530
green dragon1538
arum1551
cuckoo-pint1551
dragonwort1565
priest's pintle1578
tarragon1591
starch root1596
friar's cowl1597
friar's-hood1597
starchwort1597
dragon serpentine1598
dragon's-herb1600
small dragonwort1674
dumb cane1696
skunk weed1735
polecat weed1743
lords and ladies1755
mucka-mucka1769
skunk cabbage1778
bloody man's finger1787
green dragon1789
swamp-cabbage1792
priest in the pulpit1837
orontiad1846
arad1853
cows and calves1853
bulls and cows1863
skunk cabbage1869
aroid1876
Adam and Eve1877
stallion1878
cunjevoi1889
1600 W. Vaughan Nat. & Artific. Direct. Health (1633) 166 Rosemary, Myrrh, Masticke, Bolearmoniacke, Dragons hearbe, Roach Allom.
dragon's-mouth n. (see quot. 1857-84).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > foxglove and allied flowers > snapdragon
calves'-snout1548
antirrhinum1551
snapdragon1573
lion's snap1597
lion's mouth1706
frog's mouth1754
dog's mouth1824
toad's mouth1839
Bunny Mouth1846
dragon's-mouth1857
bulldogs1861
poor man's torment1899
1857–84 A. Henfrey Elem. Bot. (ed. 4) 301 The Snap-dragon, or Dragon's mouth.
1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants Dragon's-mouth, Antirrhinum majus, Arum crinitum, and Epidendrum macrochilum.
b. See also dragon's blood n., dragon's head n., dragon's tail n.
dragon's belly n.
ΚΠ
1766 T. H. Croker et al. Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. (new ed.) I Dragon's Belly, in astronomy..that part [of a planet's orbit] most remote from the nodes, that is, from the dragon's head and tail.
dragon's skin n. (see quots.).
ΚΠ
1865 D. Page Handbk. Geol. Terms (ed. 2) 180 Dragons' Skin, a familiar term among miners and quarrymen for the stems of Lepidodendron, whose rhomboidal leaf-scars somewhat resemble the scales of reptiles.
dragon's teeth n. the teeth of the dragon fabled to have been sown by Cadmus, from which sprang armed men; also the colloquial name given to the cone-shaped anti-tank obstacles used in the war of 1939–45 (see also quot. 1971).
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > barricade > [noun] > anti-tank barrier
tank trap1917
dragon's teeth1943
1644 J. Milton Areopagitica 4 They are as lively, and as vigorously productive, as those fabulous Dragons teeth.
1853 J. B. Marsden Hist. Early Puritans (ed. 2) 290 Jesuits..sowed the dragon's teeth which sprung up into the hydras of rebellion and apostasy.
1943 J. L. Hunt & A. G. Pringle Service Slang 28 Dragon's teeth, a form of anti-tank obstacle.
1944 Times 28 Nov. 4/2 Extensive minefields, road blocks, dragons' teeth, tank ditches, [etc.].
1971 Oxf. Univ. Gaz. 18 Feb. 671/1 ‘Dragon's teeth’, that is to say, sharp hinged teeth which..protrude from the ground but can be made to sink into it for a car to pass.
dragon's tongue n. ? the tongue of a buckle.
ΚΠ
1794 W. Felton Treat. Carriages I. 118 The small splinter sockets, shewing the hook, the eye, and dragon's tongue, which are for one and the same use.

Derivatives

ˈdragonhood n. the condition or quality of a dragon.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > mythical creature or object > [noun] > dragon > condition of being
dragonhood1894
1894 G. Allen in Westm. Gaz. 23 Oct. 1/3 What are the visible signs and credentials of his dragonhood?
ˈdragonship n. the office or occupation of a dragon (as strict guardian).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > watching or keeping guard > [noun] > vigilant guarding
dragonism1822
dragonship1862
1862 ‘C. Bede’ Tales College Life 103 The same mysterious dragonship was maintained over her in-doors.

Draft additions 1993

to tickle the dragon('s tail), to undertake a hazardous operation or activity. colloquial.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > face danger [verb (intransitive)] > risk oneself > run or take risks
dicec1440
to put one's finger in the fire1546
hazardc1550
venture1560
to jeopard a joint1563
to venture a joint1570
to run (also take) a (also the) risk (also risks)1621
danger1672
risk1767
gamble1802
to ride a tiger1902
to stick (also put) one's neck out1926
to lead with one's chin1949
to tickle the dragon('s tail)1964
1964 M. Gowing Brit. & Atomic Energy 1939–45 ix. 263 Frisch settled in..doing experiments on critical assemblies, including a very delicate experiment known as ‘tickling the dragon’ when a slug of fissile material was passed through an almost critical assembly.
1984 New Yorker 26 Nov. 53/1 He had no desire whatever to tickle the dragon's tail—his expression for flying in extremely marginal conditions.

Draft additions October 2001

[After Chinese lóng dragon, the Chinese imperial emblem (alluding to the remaining capitalist economies in the area); in fuller form little dragon after xiǎolóng . Compare tiger n. Additions and Chinese lóngténg-hǔyuè, lit. ‘dragons rising and tigers leaping’, a scene of bustling activity.] Any of a number of newly industrialized South-East Asian countries or regions (esp. Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, and South Korea) characterized in terms of economic success. Frequently attributive, esp. in dragon economy. Also more fully little dragon.
ΚΠ
1981 Christian Sci. Monitor 30 Apr. b1/1 Three-quarters of the world's poor live in the region, despite..the business ‘dragons’ of East Asia: Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, and South Korea.
1988 Pacific Rev. 1 331 Singapore is already one of the four little dragons, Thailand and Malaysia are now clearly on the way..and resource-rich Indonesia exhibits great possibilities for development.
1992 Economist 18 Apr. 12/1 Today the Latins are only half as rich as the Asians. While the dragons were building rapid growth on fast-rising exports, the Latin Americans shielded inefficient local firms behind high trade barriers.
2000 C. H. Beng in F. Richter Dragon Millennium xi. 175 The times immediately ahead are likely to be more difficult for dragon economies, as well as for most other economies.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

dragonn.2

Etymology: corruption of dragant n.
In gum dragon = tragacanth n.
ΚΠ
1813 W. Milburn Oriental Commerce I. 110 Tragacanth gum, or as it is usually called gum dragon.
1886 in New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2018).
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