dolefuladj.¹n.

/ˈdəʊlfʊl/

Forms: Also deol-, del(e)-, dul(e)-, dil-, dilfull, doil-, etc.

Etymology: < dole n.² + -ful suffix. In Middle English found with the variant forms of dole n.²; but doleful has been the standard form since 16th cent.

A. adj.¹ Full of or attended with dole or grief; sorrowful.

1. Fraught with, accompanied by, or causing grief, sorrow, etc.; distressful, gloomy, dreary, dismal.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [adjective] > gloomy or depressing

darkOE

unmerryOE

deathlyc1225

dolefulc1275

elengec1275

dreicha1300

coolc1350

cloudyc1374

sada1375

colda1400

deadlya1400

joylessc1400

unjoyful?c1400

disconsolatea1413

mournfula1425

funeralc1425

uncheerfulc1449

dolent1489

dolesome1533

heavy-hearted1555

glum1558

ungladsome1558

black1562

pleasureless1567

dern1570

plaintive?1570

glummish1573

cheerless1575

comfortless1576

wintry1579

glummy1580

funebral1581

discouraging1584

dernful?1591

murk1596

recomfortless1596

sullen1597

amating1600

lugubrious1601

dusky1602

sable1603

funebrial1604

damping1607

mortifying1611

tearful?1611

uncouth1611

dulsome1613

luctual1613

dismal1617

winterous1617

unked1620

mopish1621

godforsaken?1623

uncheerly1627

funebrious1630

lugubrous1632

drearisome1633

unheartsome1637

feral1641

drear1645

darksome1649

sadding1649

saddening1650

disheartening1654

funebrous1654

luctiferous1656

mestifical1656

tristifical1656

sooty1657

dreary1667

tenebrose1677

clouded1682

tragicala1700

funereal1707

gloomy1710

sepulchrala1711

dumpishc1717

bleaka1719

depressive1727

lugubre1727

muzzy1728

dispiriting1733

uncheery1760

unconsolatory1760

unjolly1764

Decemberly1765

sombre1768

uncouthie1768

depressing1772

unmirthful1782

sombrous1789

disanimating1791

Decemberish1793

grey1794

uncheering1796

ungenial1796

uncomforting1798

disencouraginga1806

stern1812

chilling1815

uncheered1817

dejecting1818

mopey1821

desponding1828

wisht1829

leadening1835

unsportful1837

demoralizing1840

Novemberish1840

frigid1844

morne1844

tragic1848

wet-blanketty1848

morgue1850

ungladdeneda1851

adusk1856

smileless1858

soul-sick1858

Novemberya1864

saturnine1863

down1873

lacklustre1883

Heaven-abandoneda1907

downbeat1952

doomy1967

c1275 Laȝamon Brut 6902 Ac hit was a deolful þing: Þat he ne moste leng beo king.

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (1724) 237 Þat was a deluol cas.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 7182 To doleful [Fairf. deleful, Trin. Cambr. deolful] dede þai suld him bring.

c1420 Anturs of Arth. xiii Lo! hou dilful dethe hase thi Dame dyȝte!

c1440 York Myst. xxvi. 99 Lord, who schall do þat doulfull dede?

a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 519 Torrent toke a dulful wey, Downe in a depe valey.

?a1500 Chester Pl. (1843) I. 69 But that I do this dilfull dede The Lord will not quite me in my nede.

1565 T. Randolph in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. II. 202 The deulfull daye of the buriall of her howsbande.

1568 E. Tilney Brief Disc. Mariage (new ed.) sig. Dvj The doolefull place, where he lay.

1622 (?a1513) W. Dunbar Poems (Reidpeth) (1998) I. 240 Scho playit sangis, so duilfull to heir.

1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia iii. ii. 49 The most dolefullest noyse he ever heard.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 65 Regions of sorrow, doleful shades.

1726 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey V. xxiii. 349 In the doleful mansions he survey'd His royal mother.

1850 R. W. Emerson Shakspeare in Representative Men v. 191 Here is..a string of doleful tragedies, merry Italian tales, and Spanish voyages.

2. Of persons, their state, etc.: Full of pain, grief, or suffering; sorrowful, sad.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > [adjective]

sorelyc888

gramec893

sorrowfuleOE

unblithec897

sorryeOE

carefulOE

charyOE

sickOE

yomerOE

sorry-moodOE

sweerc1000

yomerlyOE

sorrilyOE

woea1200

balec1220

sorry?c1225

sorec1275

gremefula1300

sada1300

ruthlyc1300

thoughtfulc1300

woebegonea1325

heavyc1330

grievousc1374

woefula1375

sorrowya1382

dereful?a1400

sorousa1400

sytefula1400

teenfula1400

wrotha1400

balefulc1400

tristy?c1400

tristc1420

dolefulc1430

wapped in woec1440

yhevidc1440

dolenta1450

condolentc1460

discomforted1477

tristfula1492

sorrow1496

dram?a1513

dolorous1513

earnful?1527

troublous1535

amort1546

mournfula1558

passioned1560

sadded1566

tristive1578

distressed1586

passionate1586

sorrowed1596

distressful1601

passionful1605

sighful1606

contristed1625

anguishinga1642

sadful1658

saddened1665

tristitious1694

sick as a parrot1705

pangful1727

woesome1778

grieving1807

ruesome1833

yearned1838

doleant1861

mournsome1869

thoughted1869

tragical1887

grief-stricken1905

c1430 J. Lydgate Story of Thebes iii. (R.) Amphiorax they carry Set in his chaire with a doleful hert.

a1555 J. Bradford in M. Coverdale Certain Lett. Martyrs (1564) 307 For the doulefull bodies of Gods people to reste in.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. vi. sig. E8^v There find the virgin doolfull desolate.

1647 A. Cowley Heart Fled in Mistress iii The doleful Ariadne so, On the wide shore forsaken stood.

1829 E. Bulwer-Lytton Devereux I. ii. ii. 173 Never presume to look doleful again.

3. Expressing grief, mourning, or suffering.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > [adjective]

carefulOE

charyOE

mourningOE

sorrowingOE

sorryOE

balec1220

heavy?c1225

ruefulc1225

ruthfulc1225

sorrowful?c1225

dolefulc1275

plaintivea1393

complainingc1430

lamentable?a1475

plaining?c1475

dolent1490

lamentatious1532

troublous1535

plaintfula1542

dirge-like1561

yearnfula1566

waymenting1573

mestive1575

lamentatory1576

mestful1577

wailful1579

lamentinga1586

weepy1602

deplorative1610

deploringa1616

gement1656

condolent1691

dirgeful1793

dirgy1830

lamentful1876

c1275 Laȝamon Brut 11997 His heorte ne mihte beo sori for þane deolfulle cri.

1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 6877 Þai sal duleful crying and sorow here.

1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 291 In dolfull clothes they hem clothe.

1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 104 In signe of mourning: Women..are cloathed in white, the doleful colour there.

1797 A. Radcliffe Italian I. iii. 105 She would still look up..with such doleful expression.

1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. xiii. 258 Dirk was going about his business with a doleful face.

B. n. (plural)

A doleful state. colloquial. (Cf. dismals.)

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [noun] > fit of

gloominga1400

dumpa1535

mubble fubbles1589

mulligrubs1599

mumps1599

mood1609

blues1741

mopes1742

gloom1744

humdrums1757

dismals1764

horror1768

mournfuls1794

doldrum1811

doleful1822

glumps1825

jim-jams1896

katzenjammer1897

the sniffles1903

mopery1907

joes1916

woofits1918

cafard1924

jimmies1928

the blahs1969

downer1970

1822 E. Nathan Langreath II. 309 You have enough of the dolefuls at Langreath.

1882 M. E. Braddon Mt. Royal II. viii. 149 We shall be in the dolefuls all the year.

Compounds

† doleful evensong n. Obsolete (with the) a disaster which occurred when an upper floor collapsed during a Roman Catholic service in Blackfriars, London, on 26 October 1623, causing the deaths of many of the congregation (also called the Fatal Vespers).

ΚΠ

1623 T. Goad (title) The dolefull euen-song, or A true, particular and impartiall narration of that fearefull and sudden calamity, which befell the Preacher M^r. Drury a Iesuite, and the greater part of his Auditory, by the downefall of the floore.

1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses I. 427 He [sc. John Gee] had been at the doleful Evensong in the Black-Friers in London, 26 Oct. 1623.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

dolefuladj.²

Etymology: < dole n.³ + -ful suffix.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈdoleful.

rare.

Full of ‘dole’, crafty, malicious.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > spitefulness > [adjective]

teenfulOE

atteryc1175

ondfula1200

maliciousa1250

doggedc1300

enviousc1330

venoma1350

spitous?a1366

despitousc1374

heinous?a1400

venomyc1400

sinister1411

sputousc1420

doggish?a1425

cankered?a1439

doggya1450

sinistrous1460

spity1481

despiteful1488

spiteful1490

despiteous?1510

viperious?1510

peevisha1522

maliceful1522

envyful1530

viperinec1540

viperous?1542

vipered1560

uncanny1596

dogged-sprighted1600

maliced1602

ill-minded1611

virulent1613

ill-hearteda1617

doleful1617

spitish1627

splenial1641

litherlya1643

venomsome1660

slim1674

viper1721

vipereal1750

viperish1755

vicious1825

waspish1855

viperian1866

viperan1877

cattish1883

catty1886

bitchy1928

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > spite, malice > [adjective]

loathOE

teenfulOE

nithefulOE

ondfula1200

maliciousa1250

doggedc1300

enviousc1330

venomousa1340

venoma1350

spitous?a1366

despitousc1374

heinous?a1400

unkindlya1400

venomyc1400

sinister1411

sputousc1420

doggish?a1425

cankered?a1439

doggya1450

sinistrous1460

spity1481

despiteful1488

spiteful1490

despiteous?1510

viperious?1510

peevisha1522

envyful1530

viperous1535

viperinec1540

vipered1560

bad-minded1588

uncanny1596

dogged-sprighted1600

toothsome1601

maliced1602

ill-minded1611

virulent1613

ill-hearteda1617

doleful1617

spitish1627

ill-meaning1633

splenial1641

litherlya1643

venomsome1660

slim1668

cat-witted1672

vipereal1750

viperish1755

méchant1813

vicious1825

maliceful1840

mean1841

waspish1855

viperian1866

viperan1877

cattish1883

catty1886

bad mind1904

bitchy1908

1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas Dolefull or craftie, dolosus.

1880 J. Muirhead tr. Gaius Institutes iii. 257 A depositary..being liable only in so far as he himself has done something doleful [L. si quid ipse dolo malo fecerit].

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online June 2019).

单词	doleful
释义	dolefuladj.¹n. /ˈdəʊlfʊl/ Forms: Also deol-, del(e)-, dul(e)-, dil-, dilfull, doil-, etc. Etymology: < dole n.² + -ful suffix. In Middle English found with the variant forms of dole n.²; but doleful has been the standard form since 16th cent. A. adj.¹ Full of or attended with dole or grief; sorrowful. 1. Fraught with, accompanied by, or causing grief, sorrow, etc.; distressful, gloomy, dreary, dismal. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [adjective] > gloomy or depressing darkOE unmerryOE deathlyc1225 dolefulc1275 elengec1275 dreicha1300 coolc1350 cloudyc1374 sada1375 colda1400 deadlya1400 joylessc1400 unjoyful?c1400 disconsolatea1413 mournfula1425 funeralc1425 uncheerfulc1449 dolent1489 dolesome1533 heavy-hearted1555 glum1558 ungladsome1558 black1562 pleasureless1567 dern1570 plaintive?1570 glummish1573 cheerless1575 comfortless1576 wintry1579 glummy1580 funebral1581 discouraging1584 dernful?1591 murk1596 recomfortless1596 sullen1597 amating1600 lugubrious1601 dusky1602 sable1603 funebrial1604 damping1607 mortifying1611 tearful?1611 uncouth1611 dulsome1613 luctual1613 dismal1617 winterous1617 unked1620 mopish1621 godforsaken?1623 uncheerly1627 funebrious1630 lugubrous1632 drearisome1633 unheartsome1637 feral1641 drear1645 darksome1649 sadding1649 saddening1650 disheartening1654 funebrous1654 luctiferous1656 mestifical1656 tristifical1656 sooty1657 dreary1667 tenebrose1677 clouded1682 tragicala1700 funereal1707 gloomy1710 sepulchrala1711 dumpishc1717 bleaka1719 depressive1727 lugubre1727 muzzy1728 dispiriting1733 uncheery1760 unconsolatory1760 unjolly1764 Decemberly1765 sombre1768 uncouthie1768 depressing1772 unmirthful1782 sombrous1789 disanimating1791 Decemberish1793 grey1794 uncheering1796 ungenial1796 uncomforting1798 disencouraginga1806 stern1812 chilling1815 uncheered1817 dejecting1818 mopey1821 desponding1828 wisht1829 leadening1835 unsportful1837 demoralizing1840 Novemberish1840 frigid1844 morne1844 tragic1848 wet-blanketty1848 morgue1850 ungladdeneda1851 adusk1856 smileless1858 soul-sick1858 Novemberya1864 saturnine1863 down1873 lacklustre1883 Heaven-abandoneda1907 downbeat1952 doomy1967 c1275 Laȝamon Brut 6902 Ac hit was a deolful þing: Þat he ne moste leng beo king. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (1724) 237 Þat was a deluol cas. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 7182 To doleful [Fairf. deleful, Trin. Cambr. deolful] dede þai suld him bring. c1420 Anturs of Arth. xiii Lo! hou dilful dethe hase thi Dame dyȝte! c1440 York Myst. xxvi. 99 Lord, who schall do þat doulfull dede? a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 519 Torrent toke a dulful wey, Downe in a depe valey. ?a1500 Chester Pl. (1843) I. 69 But that I do this dilfull dede The Lord will not quite me in my nede. 1565 T. Randolph in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. II. 202 The deulfull daye of the buriall of her howsbande. 1568 E. Tilney Brief Disc. Mariage (new ed.) sig. Dvj The doolefull place, where he lay. 1622 (?a1513) W. Dunbar Poems (Reidpeth) (1998) I. 240 Scho playit sangis, so duilfull to heir. 1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia iii. ii. 49 The most dolefullest noyse he ever heard. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 65 Regions of sorrow, doleful shades. View more context for this quotation 1726 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey V. xxiii. 349 In the doleful mansions he survey'd His royal mother. 1850 R. W. Emerson Shakspeare in Representative Men v. 191 Here is..a string of doleful tragedies, merry Italian tales, and Spanish voyages. 2. Of persons, their state, etc.: Full of pain, grief, or suffering; sorrowful, sad. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > [adjective] sorelyc888 gramec893 sorrowfuleOE unblithec897 sorryeOE carefulOE charyOE sickOE yomerOE sorry-moodOE sweerc1000 yomerlyOE sorrilyOE woea1200 balec1220 sorry?c1225 sorec1275 sorec1275 gremefula1300 sada1300 ruthlyc1300 thoughtfulc1300 woebegonea1325 heavyc1330 grievousc1374 woefula1375 sorrowya1382 dereful?a1400 sorousa1400 sytefula1400 teenfula1400 wrotha1400 balefulc1400 tristy?c1400 tristc1420 dolefulc1430 wapped in woec1440 yhevidc1440 dolenta1450 condolentc1460 discomforted1477 tristfula1492 sorrow1496 dram?a1513 dolorous1513 earnful?1527 troublous1535 amort1546 mournfula1558 passioned1560 sadded1566 tristive1578 distressed1586 passionate1586 sorrowed1596 distressful1601 passionful1605 sighful1606 contristed1625 anguishinga1642 sadful1658 saddened1665 tristitious1694 sick as a parrot1705 pangful1727 woesome1778 grieving1807 ruesome1833 yearned1838 doleant1861 mournsome1869 thoughted1869 tragical1887 grief-stricken1905 c1430 J. Lydgate Story of Thebes iii. (R.) Amphiorax they carry Set in his chaire with a doleful hert. a1555 J. Bradford in M. Coverdale Certain Lett. Martyrs (1564) 307 For the doulefull bodies of Gods people to reste in. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. vi. sig. E8^v There find the virgin doolfull desolate. 1647 A. Cowley Heart Fled in Mistress iii The doleful Ariadne so, On the wide shore forsaken stood. 1829 E. Bulwer-Lytton Devereux I. ii. ii. 173 Never presume to look doleful again. 3. Expressing grief, mourning, or suffering. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > [adjective] carefulOE charyOE mourningOE sorrowingOE sorryOE balec1220 heavy?c1225 ruefulc1225 ruthfulc1225 sorrowful?c1225 dolefulc1275 plaintivea1393 complainingc1430 lamentable?a1475 plaining?c1475 dolent1490 lamentatious1532 troublous1535 plaintfula1542 dirge-like1561 yearnfula1566 waymenting1573 mestive1575 lamentatory1576 mestful1577 wailful1579 lamentinga1586 weepy1602 deplorative1610 deploringa1616 gement1656 condolent1691 dirgeful1793 dirgy1830 lamentful1876 c1275 Laȝamon Brut 11997 His heorte ne mihte beo sori for þane deolfulle cri. 1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 6877 Þai sal duleful crying and sorow here. 1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 291 In dolfull clothes they hem clothe. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 104 In signe of mourning: Women..are cloathed in white, the doleful colour there. 1797 A. Radcliffe Italian I. iii. 105 She would still look up..with such doleful expression. 1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. xiii. 258 Dirk was going about his business with a doleful face. B. n. (plural) A doleful state. colloquial. (Cf. dismals.) ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [noun] > fit of gloominga1400 dumpa1535 mubble fubbles1589 mulligrubs1599 mumps1599 mood1609 blues1741 mopes1742 gloom1744 humdrums1757 dismals1764 horror1768 mournfuls1794 doldrum1811 doleful1822 glumps1825 jim-jams1896 katzenjammer1897 the sniffles1903 mopery1907 joes1916 woofits1918 cafard1924 jimmies1928 the blahs1969 downer1970 1822 E. Nathan Langreath II. 309 You have enough of the dolefuls at Langreath. 1882 M. E. Braddon Mt. Royal II. viii. 149 We shall be in the dolefuls all the year. Compounds † doleful evensong n. Obsolete (with the) a disaster which occurred when an upper floor collapsed during a Roman Catholic service in Blackfriars, London, on 26 October 1623, causing the deaths of many of the congregation (also called the Fatal Vespers). ΚΠ 1623 T. Goad (title) The dolefull euen-song, or A true, particular and impartiall narration of that fearefull and sudden calamity, which befell the Preacher M^r. Drury a Iesuite, and the greater part of his Auditory, by the downefall of the floore. 1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses I. 427 He [sc. John Gee] had been at the doleful Evensong in the Black-Friers in London, 26 Oct. 1623. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online September 2021). dolefuladj.² Etymology: < dole n.³ + -ful suffix.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈdoleful. rare. Full of ‘dole’, crafty, malicious. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > spitefulness > [adjective] teenfulOE atteryc1175 ondfula1200 maliciousa1250 doggedc1300 enviousc1330 venoma1350 spitous?a1366 despitousc1374 heinous?a1400 venomyc1400 sinister1411 sputousc1420 doggish?a1425 cankered?a1439 doggya1450 sinistrous1460 spity1481 despiteful1488 spiteful1490 despiteous?1510 viperious?1510 peevisha1522 maliceful1522 envyful1530 viperinec1540 viperous?1542 vipered1560 uncanny1596 dogged-sprighted1600 maliced1602 ill-minded1611 virulent1613 ill-hearteda1617 doleful1617 spitish1627 splenial1641 litherlya1643 venomsome1660 slim1674 viper1721 vipereal1750 viperish1755 vicious1825 waspish1855 viperian1866 viperan1877 cattish1883 catty1886 bitchy1928 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > spite, malice > [adjective] loathOE teenfulOE nithefulOE ondfula1200 maliciousa1250 doggedc1300 enviousc1330 venomousa1340 venoma1350 spitous?a1366 despitousc1374 heinous?a1400 unkindlya1400 venomyc1400 sinister1411 sputousc1420 doggish?a1425 cankered?a1439 doggya1450 sinistrous1460 spity1481 despiteful1488 spiteful1490 despiteous?1510 viperious?1510 peevisha1522 envyful1530 viperous1535 viperinec1540 vipered1560 bad-minded1588 uncanny1596 dogged-sprighted1600 toothsome1601 maliced1602 ill-minded1611 virulent1613 ill-hearteda1617 doleful1617 spitish1627 ill-meaning1633 splenial1641 litherlya1643 venomsome1660 slim1668 cat-witted1672 vipereal1750 viperish1755 méchant1813 vicious1825 maliceful1840 mean1841 waspish1855 viperian1866 viperan1877 cattish1883 catty1886 bad mind1904 bitchy1908 1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas Dolefull or craftie, dolosus. 1880 J. Muirhead tr. Gaius Institutes iii. 257 A depositary..being liable only in so far as he himself has done something doleful [L. si quid ipse dolo malo fecerit]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online June 2019). < adj.¹n.c1275adj.²1617
随便看	pentastomoid pentastomous pentastyle pentastyles pentasulphide pentasulphuret pentasyllabic pentasyllabism pentasyllable pentateuch pentateuchal pentathionate pentathionic pentathionic acid pesher peshitta peshkash peshmerga peshwa peshwas peshwaship peskan peskier peskiest peskilier

dolefuladj.1n.

Compounds

dolefuladj.2

dolefuladj.¹n.

dolefuladj.²