† discumbentn.adj.

Forms: 1500s discombent, 1600s discumbentes (plural), 1600s–1800s discumbent.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin discumbent-, discumbens, discumbēns, discumbere.

Etymology: As noun < post-classical Latin discumbent-, discumbens dinner guest (from 12th cent. in British sources), use as noun of masculine of discumbēns, adjective (see below). As adjective < classical Latin discumbent-, discumbēns, present participle of discumbere discumb v.; compare recumbent adj. 2. Compare discumbency n., discumbence n.

Obsolete.

A. n.

1. A dinner guest; spec. one who reclines while dining.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > eating in specific conditions > [noun] > eating in company > guest at meal

discumbent1562

accumbent1630

1562 W. Bullein Bk. Use Sicke Men f. lxxiii^v, in Bulwarke of Defence He cast doune al the maete from the borde, fallyng out with all the discombentes.

1614 T. Adams Diuells Banket iv. Ep. Ded. 135 A beastiall Banket; wherein either man is the Symposiast, and the Deuill the discumbent; or Sathan the Feastmaker, and man the Guest.

1641 E. Kellett Tricoenium Christi i. xxi. 192 Yet extraordinarily, and at great feasts they had more discumbents, often they had but two beds.

a1670 J. Hacket Cent. Serm. (1675) 931 The Receivers for whom this Table was provided, the Discumbentes.

2. A person confined to bed by sickness; = decumbent n. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > sick person > [noun] > confined to bed

bedlawerman1419

bedridden1429

bedlarc1440

bedwoman1568

bedrela1572

clinica1626

decumbent1641

discumbent1766

cot-case1897

1766 B. Gale in Philos. Trans. 1765 (Royal Soc.) 55 194 The discumbents were estimated at 4,000, whereof about 500 died.

B. adj.

Of a person, or his or her position or posture: reclining, recumbent.Often used in discussions of the dining practices of the ancient Jews, esp. with reference to how the apostles were seated at the Last Supper.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of lying down or reclining > [adjective]

lyingc1000

couchant1601

prone1610

jacent1611

decumbent1656

cumbentc1660

recumbent1664

recline1667

procumbent1668

discumbent1693

reclining1748

couched1807

Récamier1904

Madame Récamier1913

1693 S. Wesley Life our Blessed Lord Pref. sig. b^v He has err'd in the Posture of the Disciples at the last Supper, whom he has made Sitting, when they were really Declining, or Discumbent.

1715 I. Mather Several Serm. iii. 95 The Jews..sat at their Tables in a discumbent posture.

1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters i. 197 Bathing is best administered in a discumbent posture.

1785 Wit's Mag. 2 43/1 I committed myself to the arms of Morpheus, in a kind of discumbent posture within the nest.

1841 A. Boyd Episcopacy & Presbytery xii. 429 The discumbent posture was not only not used but condemned, as an indication of indolence and a token of being wearied in the service of God.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

单词	discumbent
释义	† discumbentn.adj. Forms: 1500s discombent, 1600s discumbentes (plural), 1600s–1800s discumbent. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin discumbent-, discumbens, discumbēns, discumbere. Etymology: As noun < post-classical Latin discumbent-, discumbens dinner guest (from 12th cent. in British sources), use as noun of masculine of discumbēns, adjective (see below). As adjective < classical Latin discumbent-, discumbēns, present participle of discumbere discumb v.; compare recumbent adj. 2. Compare discumbency n., discumbence n. Obsolete. A. n. 1. A dinner guest; spec. one who reclines while dining. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > eating in specific conditions > [noun] > eating in company > guest at meal discumbent1562 accumbent1630 1562 W. Bullein Bk. Use Sicke Men f. lxxiii^v, in Bulwarke of Defence He cast doune al the maete from the borde, fallyng out with all the discombentes. 1614 T. Adams Diuells Banket iv. Ep. Ded. 135 A beastiall Banket; wherein either man is the Symposiast, and the Deuill the discumbent; or Sathan the Feastmaker, and man the Guest. 1641 E. Kellett Tricoenium Christi i. xxi. 192 Yet extraordinarily, and at great feasts they had more discumbents, often they had but two beds. a1670 J. Hacket Cent. Serm. (1675) 931 The Receivers for whom this Table was provided, the Discumbentes. 2. A person confined to bed by sickness; = decumbent n. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > sick person > [noun] > confined to bed bedlawerman1419 bedridden1429 bedlarc1440 bedwoman1568 bedrela1572 clinica1626 decumbent1641 discumbent1766 cot-case1897 1766 B. Gale in Philos. Trans. 1765 (Royal Soc.) 55 194 The discumbents were estimated at 4,000, whereof about 500 died. B. adj. Of a person, or his or her position or posture: reclining, recumbent.Often used in discussions of the dining practices of the ancient Jews, esp. with reference to how the apostles were seated at the Last Supper. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of lying down or reclining > [adjective] lyingc1000 couchant1601 prone1610 jacent1611 decumbent1656 cumbentc1660 recumbent1664 recline1667 procumbent1668 discumbent1693 reclining1748 couched1807 Récamier1904 Madame Récamier1913 1693 S. Wesley Life our Blessed Lord Pref. sig. b^v He has err'd in the Posture of the Disciples at the last Supper, whom he has made Sitting, when they were really Declining, or Discumbent. 1715 I. Mather Several Serm. iii. 95 The Jews..sat at their Tables in a discumbent posture. 1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters i. 197 Bathing is best administered in a discumbent posture. 1785 Wit's Mag. 2 43/1 I committed myself to the arms of Morpheus, in a kind of discumbent posture within the nest. 1841 A. Boyd Episcopacy & Presbytery xii. 429 The discumbent posture was not only not used but condemned, as an indication of indolence and a token of being wearied in the service of God. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.adj.1562
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