† defeasen.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: defease v.

Etymology: < defease v. Compare earlier defeasance n. N.E.D. (1894) interpreted quot. 1491 at defease v. 1a as showing a use of the noun with the sense ‘discharge, acquittance’ (compare defeasance n. 1).

Obsolete. rare.

1. Scottish. A deduction. Cf. defeasance n. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > deduction > [noun] > that which is deducted

deduction1546

discount1622

defease1630

bate1800

subtractive1817

minus1876

offtake1892

1630 in W. A. Lindsay et al. Charters Abbey of Inchaffray (1908) 106 Summa of the defeases nyne hundreth tuentie fyue pundis.

2. Law. The rendering of something null and void; annulment; = defeasance n. 2b.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > rule of law > illegality > [noun] > legal invalidity or faultiness > annulment or abrogation

reversing?a1425

repealing1431

abatementc1436

cancellingc1440

annullation1449

defeasance1456

voidance1488

reversal1489

reduction1496

repeal1503

extinguishment1528

disannulling1533

abrogation1535

obrogation1535

unplacing1554

nullity1555

reversement1572

reclaim1604

disaffirmancea1626

avoidance1628

rescinding1638

cassating1647

vacating1648

voiding1649

defease1650

annulment1651

unlawing1651

defeat1657

vacuating1684

peremption1726

invalidation1771

rescindment1783

supersession1790

disaffirmation1827

disenactment1859

discharge1892

1650 F. Hicks Exact Abridgm. Comm. Plowden 38 He needs not shew his continual residence after the Remainder is fallen, nor the day of his entry, because it is a Condition subsequent, and goes in defease of his Estate.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2019).

defeasev.

Brit.

/dᵻˈfiːz/, U.S.

/dəˈfiz/,

/diˈfiz/

Forms: 1600s defeise, 1600s 1800s defease; Scottish pre-1700 deface, pre-1700 defaice, pre-1700 defais, pre-1700 defaise, pre-1700 defase, pre-1700 defeas, pre-1700 defease, pre-1700 defece, pre-1700 defeis, pre-1700 defeise, pre-1700 defese, pre-1700 diffeis, pre-1700 diffese.

Origin: Formed within English, by back-formation. Etymons: defeasance n., defeasable adj.

Etymology: Back-formation < defeasance n. and defeasable adj. With use in sense 3 compare earlier defeat v.

†1. Scottish.

a. transitive. To release (a person) from a debt or obligation; to acquit. With of specifying the debt or obligation. Obsolete.intransitive in quot. 1491 (which was interpreted by N.E.D. (1894) as showing a use of defease n.).

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > be exempt from (a liability or obligation) [verb (transitive)] > free from obligation

freeeOE

unbind1297

quitclaima1325

acquit1340

excuse1340

loose1340

releasec1350

assoil1366

soilc1384

dischargea1387

quita1387

relieve1416

absoil1440

deliver1440

acquittance1448

quiet1450

acquiet1453

absolve?a1475

defease1475

skill1481

relax1511

redeema1513

exoner1533

exonerate1548

solvec1550

distask1592

disgage1594

upsolve1601

disoblige1603

disengage1611

to get off1623

exclude1632

supersedea1644

to let off1814

to let out1869

1475 in T. Thomson Acts Lords Auditors (1839) 39/1 The said Walter salbe defesit therof in the chekker rollis at the said next chekker.

1478 Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes in J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (1825) Suppl. at Defaise Becauss the thane of Caldor allegis that he has charteris to defese him tharof [sc. payment], the lordis assignis him..to schew tha charteris, & sufficiand defesance.

1491 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 166 Chauncellare, we charge ȝow that..ȝe here the Thesauraris compt and defeis, and allow as ȝe think accordis to resone.

1512 in R. Pitcairn Criminal Trials Scotl. (1833) I. 84 That ȝe draw furthe of our said buke all wther persouns that ar undir panis for the said slachter, and thare souerteis, and that ȝe defeise thaim thairof.

1541 in D. H. Fleming Registrum Secreti Sigilli Regum Scotorum (1921) II. 616/1 The samyn sal be thankfullie allowit to him in his comptis..be the auditouris..quhilkis oure soverane lord chargeis to defeis his said comptrollare of the said soume ȝeirlie.

b. transitive. To discharge (a debt, or part of a debt); to deduct (a sum or amount) from money owed or due; to allow (an amount) as a deduction. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > payment > payment of debt > pay debt [verb (transitive)]

quit?c1225

acquita1250

to pay up1434

satisfy1437

discharge1439

defease1480

persolve1548

solve1558

defray1576

affray1584

clear1600

to pay off1607

extinguish1630

to lay downa1640

wipe1668

settle1688

sink1694

retrieve1711

to clear up1726

balance1740

liquidate1755

to clear off1766

square1821

amortize1830

1480 in Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes (1839) I. 68/1 Thairof to be defalkit to the said Johne vij li...Scottis that is defesit on the bak of the obligacion.

1552 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) A1552/2/30 The awnar..sall not be haldin to pay mair..than cummis to the residew thairof, the saidis saxt, fyft and fourt partis respective being defasit.

1580 in W. Fraser Douglas Bk. (1885) IV. 25 Commanding the Lordis Auditouris of our Chekker to defeis and allowe to our..cowsing quhatsumeuir dewtie..belanging to ws.

1613 in J. D. Marwick Rec. Convent. Royal Burghs Scotl. (1870) II. 539 They sall defease to the merchandis importers of wynes..the impost of all twme tries of wynes.

1664 in M. P. Brown Suppl. Dict. Decisions Court of Session (1826) I. 499 Notwithstanding of the twenty shillings Scots to be defeased to the defender upon the boll.

†2. transitive. Scots Law. To render (a contract, deed, etc.) null and void. Cf. defeasance n. 2. Also in extended use. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > rule of law > illegality > render illegal [verb (transitive)] > deprive of legal validity

abatea1325

squatcha1325

voida1325

allayc1325

annul1395

reverse1395

revokec1400

rupt?a1425

repealc1425

abroge1427

defeat1429

purloin1461

cassa1464

toll1467

resume1472

reprove1479

suspend1488

discharge1495

reduce1498

cassate1512

defease1512

denulla1513

disannula1513

fordoa1513

avoid1514–5

abrogate?1520

frustrate1528

revert1528

disaffirm?1530

extinct1530

resolve1537

null1538

nihilate1545

extinguish1548

elidec1554

revocate1564

annullate1570

squat1577

skaila1583

irritate1605

retex1606

nullify1607

unable1611

refix1621

vitiate1627

invalid1643

vacate1643

unlaw1644

outlaw1647

invalidate1649

disenact1651

vacuate1654

supersedec1674

destroy1805

break1891

1512 in M. Livingstone Reg. Secreti Sigilli Regum Scotorum (1908) I. 374/1 That ȝe auditouris of our chekker and comptrollare..defeis, adnul and draw the sammyn [Charter] furth of our chekker rollis for evir.

1531 Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes XLII. f. 173, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Defese [That the act] be defeisit and extract furth of the bukis.

1657 J. Lewgar Only Way to Rest of Soule 207 No default or wickedness of the Pastors of the Church, should ever defease his [sc. God's] Covenant with her.

†3. transitive. To undo, destroy. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)]

to bring to noughteOE

forspillc893

fordilghec900

to bring to naughtOE

astryea1200

stroyc1200

forferec1275

misdoa1325

destroyc1330

naught1340

dingc1380

beshenda1400

devoida1400

unshapea1400

to wend downa1400

brittenc1400

unloukc1400

perishc1426

defeat1435

unmake1439

lithc1450

spend1481

kill1530

to shend ofc1540

quade1565

to make away1566

discreate1570

wrake1570

wracka1586

unwork1587

gaster1609

defease1621

unbe1624

uncreate1633

destructa1638

naufragate1648

stifle1725

stramash1788

disannul1794

destructify1841

locust1868

to knock out1944

dick1972

1621 G. Sandys tr. Ovid First Five Bks. Metamorphosis iv. 102 What? could that Strumpet's brat the form defeise [L. vertere] Of poore Maonian Saylers, drencht in Seas?

1866 J. B. Rose tr. Ovid Fasti vi. 836 Now on the Ides all order is defeased.

4. transitive. Finance and Accounting. To offset formally (a debt, liability, etc.) by defeasance (defeasance n. 5).

ΚΠ

1966 Bond Outlook 8 Oct. 593/2 The city will deposit a sufficient amount of funds in escrow to defease debt service requirements of $35,000 outstanding first lien bonds of a 1952 issue which is due in 1973.

1981 Bond Buyer (Nexis) 11 Aug. The new bonds will help refund and defease $439.9 million in outstanding debt from toll road revenue refunding bonds.

1991 PR Newswire (Nexis) 7 Oct. The bulk of the bond proceeds, $69 million, will be used to fund an escrow account that will defease a lien on student loans created by a 1987 bond issue.

2015 J. M. Flood Wiley GAAP 2015 liii. 1106 The proceeds of the new debt are invested in a portfolio of market-traded US Treasury securities and other obligations that effectively ‘defease’ the original bonds.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	defease
释义	† defeasen. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: defease v. Etymology: < defease v. Compare earlier defeasance n. N.E.D. (1894) interpreted quot. 1491 at defease v. 1a as showing a use of the noun with the sense ‘discharge, acquittance’ (compare defeasance n. 1). Obsolete. rare. 1. Scottish. A deduction. Cf. defeasance n. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > deduction > [noun] > that which is deducted deduction1546 discount1622 defease1630 bate1800 subtractive1817 minus1876 offtake1892 1630 in W. A. Lindsay et al. Charters Abbey of Inchaffray (1908) 106 Summa of the defeases nyne hundreth tuentie fyue pundis. 2. Law. The rendering of something null and void; annulment; = defeasance n. 2b. ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > illegality > [noun] > legal invalidity or faultiness > annulment or abrogation reversing?a1425 repealing1431 abatementc1436 cancellingc1440 annullation1449 defeasance1456 voidance1488 reversal1489 reduction1496 repeal1503 extinguishment1528 disannulling1533 abrogation1535 obrogation1535 unplacing1554 nullity1555 reversement1572 reclaim1604 disaffirmancea1626 avoidance1628 rescinding1638 cassating1647 vacating1648 voiding1649 defease1650 annulment1651 unlawing1651 defeat1657 vacuating1684 peremption1726 invalidation1771 rescindment1783 supersession1790 disaffirmation1827 disenactment1859 discharge1892 1650 F. Hicks Exact Abridgm. Comm. Plowden 38 He needs not shew his continual residence after the Remainder is fallen, nor the day of his entry, because it is a Condition subsequent, and goes in defease of his Estate. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2019). defeasev. Brit. /dᵻˈfiːz/, U.S. /dəˈfiz/, /diˈfiz/ Forms: 1600s defeise, 1600s 1800s defease; Scottish pre-1700 deface, pre-1700 defaice, pre-1700 defais, pre-1700 defaise, pre-1700 defase, pre-1700 defeas, pre-1700 defease, pre-1700 defece, pre-1700 defeis, pre-1700 defeise, pre-1700 defese, pre-1700 diffeis, pre-1700 diffese. Origin: Formed within English, by back-formation. Etymons: defeasance n., defeasable adj. Etymology: Back-formation < defeasance n. and defeasable adj. With use in sense 3 compare earlier defeat v. †1. Scottish. a. transitive. To release (a person) from a debt or obligation; to acquit. With of specifying the debt or obligation. Obsolete.intransitive in quot. 1491 (which was interpreted by N.E.D. (1894) as showing a use of defease n.). ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > be exempt from (a liability or obligation) [verb (transitive)] > free from obligation freeeOE unbind1297 quitclaima1325 acquit1340 excuse1340 loose1340 releasec1350 assoil1366 soilc1384 dischargea1387 quita1387 relieve1416 absoil1440 deliver1440 acquittance1448 quiet1450 acquiet1453 absolve?a1475 defease1475 skill1481 relax1511 redeema1513 exoner1533 exonerate1548 solvec1550 distask1592 disgage1594 upsolve1601 disoblige1603 disengage1611 to get off1623 exclude1632 supersedea1644 to let off1814 to let out1869 1475 in T. Thomson Acts Lords Auditors (1839) 39/1 The said Walter salbe defesit therof in the chekker rollis at the said next chekker. 1478 Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes in J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (1825) Suppl. at Defaise Becauss the thane of Caldor allegis that he has charteris to defese him tharof [sc. payment], the lordis assignis him..to schew tha charteris, & sufficiand defesance. 1491 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 166 Chauncellare, we charge ȝow that..ȝe here the Thesauraris compt and defeis, and allow as ȝe think accordis to resone. 1512 in R. Pitcairn Criminal Trials Scotl. (1833) I. 84 That ȝe draw furthe of our said buke all wther persouns that ar undir panis for the said slachter, and thare souerteis, and that ȝe defeise thaim thairof. 1541 in D. H. Fleming Registrum Secreti Sigilli Regum Scotorum (1921) II. 616/1 The samyn sal be thankfullie allowit to him in his comptis..be the auditouris..quhilkis oure soverane lord chargeis to defeis his said comptrollare of the said soume ȝeirlie. b. transitive. To discharge (a debt, or part of a debt); to deduct (a sum or amount) from money owed or due; to allow (an amount) as a deduction. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > payment > payment of debt > pay debt [verb (transitive)] quit?c1225 acquita1250 to pay up1434 satisfy1437 discharge1439 defease1480 persolve1548 solve1558 defray1576 affray1584 clear1600 to pay off1607 extinguish1630 to lay downa1640 wipe1668 settle1688 sink1694 retrieve1711 to clear up1726 balance1740 liquidate1755 to clear off1766 square1821 amortize1830 1480 in Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes (1839) I. 68/1 Thairof to be defalkit to the said Johne vij li...Scottis that is defesit on the bak of the obligacion. 1552 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) A1552/2/30 The awnar..sall not be haldin to pay mair..than cummis to the residew thairof, the saidis saxt, fyft and fourt partis respective being defasit. 1580 in W. Fraser Douglas Bk. (1885) IV. 25 Commanding the Lordis Auditouris of our Chekker to defeis and allowe to our..cowsing quhatsumeuir dewtie..belanging to ws. 1613 in J. D. Marwick Rec. Convent. Royal Burghs Scotl. (1870) II. 539 They sall defease to the merchandis importers of wynes..the impost of all twme tries of wynes. 1664 in M. P. Brown Suppl. Dict. Decisions Court of Session (1826) I. 499 Notwithstanding of the twenty shillings Scots to be defeased to the defender upon the boll. †2. transitive. Scots Law. To render (a contract, deed, etc.) null and void. Cf. defeasance n. 2. Also in extended use. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > illegality > render illegal [verb (transitive)] > deprive of legal validity abatea1325 squatcha1325 voida1325 allayc1325 annul1395 reverse1395 revokec1400 rupt?a1425 repealc1425 abroge1427 defeat1429 purloin1461 cassa1464 toll1467 resume1472 reprove1479 suspend1488 discharge1495 reduce1498 cassate1512 defease1512 denulla1513 disannula1513 fordoa1513 avoid1514–5 abrogate?1520 frustrate1528 revert1528 disaffirm?1530 extinct1530 resolve1537 null1538 nihilate1545 extinguish1548 elidec1554 revocate1564 annullate1570 squat1577 skaila1583 irritate1605 retex1606 nullify1607 unable1611 refix1621 vitiate1627 invalid1643 vacate1643 unlaw1644 outlaw1647 invalidate1649 disenact1651 vacuate1654 supersedec1674 destroy1805 break1891 1512 in M. Livingstone Reg. Secreti Sigilli Regum Scotorum (1908) I. 374/1 That ȝe auditouris of our chekker and comptrollare..defeis, adnul and draw the sammyn [Charter] furth of our chekker rollis for evir. 1531 Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes XLII. f. 173, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Defese [That the act] be defeisit and extract furth of the bukis. 1657 J. Lewgar Only Way to Rest of Soule 207 No default or wickedness of the Pastors of the Church, should ever defease his [sc. God's] Covenant with her. †3. transitive. To undo, destroy. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)] to bring to noughteOE forspillc893 fordilghec900 to bring to naughtOE astryea1200 stroyc1200 forferec1275 misdoa1325 destroyc1330 naught1340 dingc1380 beshenda1400 devoida1400 unshapea1400 to wend downa1400 brittenc1400 unloukc1400 perishc1426 defeat1435 unmake1439 lithc1450 spend1481 kill1530 to shend ofc1540 quade1565 to make away1566 discreate1570 wrake1570 wracka1586 unwork1587 gaster1609 defease1621 unbe1624 uncreate1633 destructa1638 naufragate1648 stifle1725 stramash1788 disannul1794 destructify1841 locust1868 to knock out1944 dick1972 1621 G. Sandys tr. Ovid First Five Bks. Metamorphosis iv. 102 What? could that Strumpet's brat the form defeise [L. vertere] Of poore Maonian Saylers, drencht in Seas? 1866 J. B. Rose tr. Ovid Fasti vi. 836 Now on the Ides all order is defeased. 4. transitive. Finance and Accounting. To offset formally (a debt, liability, etc.) by defeasance (defeasance n. 5). ΚΠ 1966 Bond Outlook 8 Oct. 593/2 The city will deposit a sufficient amount of funds in escrow to defease debt service requirements of $35,000 outstanding first lien bonds of a 1952 issue which is due in 1973. 1981 Bond Buyer (Nexis) 11 Aug. The new bonds will help refund and defease $439.9 million in outstanding debt from toll road revenue refunding bonds. 1991 PR Newswire (Nexis) 7 Oct. The bulk of the bond proceeds, $69 million, will be used to fund an escrow account that will defease a lien on student loans created by a 1987 bond issue. 2015 J. M. Flood Wiley GAAP 2015 liii. 1106 The proceeds of the new debt are invested in a portfolio of market-traded US Treasury securities and other obligations that effectively ‘defease’ the original bonds. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1630v.1475
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