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单词 decent
释义

decentadj.

Brit. /ˈdiːsnt/, U.S. /ˈdis(ə)nt/
Etymology: < French décent (15th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter), or < Latin decēnt-em, present participle of decēre to become, to be fitting. It is used etymologically by Wynkyn de Worde (perhaps as French) in1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) v. xxix. The fyngres highte digiti..of this worde decent [ Bodl. MS. decere], to saye in Englysshe semely, for they ben semely sette.
1.
a. Becoming, suitable, appropriate, or proper to the circumstances or special requirements of the case; seemly, fitting. Obsolete or archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > suitability or appropriateness > [adjective] > fitting or proper
methelyeOE
ylikeeOE
fairOE
i-meteOE
rightOE
becomelyc1175
proper?c1225
featc1325
conablea1340
rightful1340
worthyc1350
pursuanda1375
covenable1382
dignec1385
convenablec1386
thriftyc1386
sittingc1390
comenablea1400
gainlya1400
meeta1400
wortha1400
convenientc1400
meetlya1425
suinga1425
fitc1440
tallc1440
worthyc1450
good1477
dueful?a1527
beseeminga1530
fitting1535
straighta1538
decent1539
answerable1542
becoming1565
condecent1575
becomed1599
respective1605
befittinga1612
comely1617
decorous1664
shape-like1672
beseemly1737
farrantly?1748
fitly1840
in order1850
1539 [see sense 1b].
1549 H. Latimer 1st Serm. before Kynges Grace sig. Ciii Abbeis were ordeyned for the comforte of the pore..it was not decent that the kynges horsse shuld be kept in them.
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxiii. 228 Tell thine errand in such termes as are decent betwixt enemies.
a1677 I. Barrow Wks. (1683) II. 340 Decent it was that as man did approve, so man also should condemn sin in the flesh.
a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1661 (1955) III. 307 The funerall of the Bish: of Hereford..was a decent solemnity.
1695 J. Dryden in tr. C. A. Du Fresnoy De Arte Graphica Pref. p. xxxvi Since there must be Ornaments both in Painting and Poetry, if they are not necessary, they must at least be decent: that is, in their due place, and but moderately us'd.
1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 231. ⁋2 After a decent Time spent in the Father's House, the Bridegroom went to prepare his Seat for her Reception.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. v. iii. 132 So total a Change..that we think it decent to communicate it in a fresh Chapter. View more context for this quotation
1827 R. Pollok Course of Time I. iii. 89 Showing too, in plain and decent phrase.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 75 The founders of the Anglican Church had retained episcopacy as an ancient, a decent, and a convenient ecclesiastical polity, but had not declared that form of church government to be of divine institution.
b. Appropriate with regard to rank or dignity.
ΚΠ
1539 Act 31 Hen. VIII c. 5 A goodly..manour, decent and convenient for a king.
1549 H. Latimer 1st Serm. before Kynges Grace sig. Ciii God teacheth what honoure is decente for the kyng.
1640 J. Yorke Union of Honour 77 The Tombe..is not so decent, nor convenient as his honour and acts deserved.
1656 J. Smith Myst. Rhetorique Unvail'd 67 He useth a decent and due epithet, thus, Honourable Judge.
1716 Lady M. W. Montagu Basset-table in Court Poems 7 When Kings, Queens, Knaves are set in decent Rank.
a1794 E. Gibbon Memoirs in Misc. Wks. (1796) I. 126 The court was regulated with decent and splendid œconomy.
2. Of such appearance and proportions as suit the requirements of good taste; comely, handsome.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > pleasing appearance > [adjective]
faireOE
comelyOE
winlyOE
goodlyOE
hendya1250
hendc1275
quaintc1300
seemlyc1305
tidya1325
avenant1340
honestc1384
sightya1387
properc1390
well beseena1393
queema1400
speciousa1400
featousc1400
parisantc1400
rekenc1400
well-favoureda1438
wellc1450
spectable?a1475
delicatec1480
jollya1500
bonny?a1513
snog1513
viewlyc1536
goodlikec1550
sightly1555
sightful1565
beholdinga1586
eyesome?1587
decent1600
vage1604
prospicuous1605
eyely1614
fashionable1630
well-looking1638
softa1643
fineish1647
well-looked1660
of a good (also ugly, etc.) look1700
likely-looked1709
sonsy1720
smiling1725
aspectable1731
smirkya1758
likely-looking1771
respectable1776
magnificent-looking1790
producible1792
presentable1800
good-looking1804
nice-looking1807
bonnyish1855
spick1882
eyeable1887
aegyo2007
1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. ii. 237 Most of their houses are but of one storie high, yet are they very decent, and have each one a garden.
1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Decent, comely, handsome.
1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 263 An Inward Court..Which is to be..Cloistered on all Sides, vpon Decent and Beautifull Arches, as High as the first Story.
1669 A. Browne Ars Pictoria (1675) 4 It is impossible to make any decent or well proportioned thing, without this Symetrical measure of the parts orderly united.
1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey III. xiii. 273 Her decent hand a shining Javelin bore.
1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 98 He had Five or Six Apartments in his House..Two of them were very large and decent.
3.
a. In accordance with or satisfying the general standard of propriety or good taste, in conduct, speech, or action; esp. conformable to or satisfying the recognized standard of modesty or delicacy; free from obscenity.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > [adjective] > seemly or proper
seemly?c1225
comelya1350
seemc1400
ablea1500
setting1535
decent1545
civil1582
proper1738
gradely1763
decorous1792
nice1799
correctc1800
proprietous1815
the mind > attention and judgement > good taste > pleasing fitness > [adjective] > seemly or decorous
seemly?c1225
comelya1350
seemc1400
setting1535
comingc1540
decent1545
civil1582
handsome1583
mensefula1598
sprunt1631
semblable1647
proper1738
orthodox1755
decorous1792
comme il faut1818
wise-like1820
1545 G. Joye Expos. Daniel (vii.) f. 124 A fayer decent semely shewe of vtwarde deuocion.
1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII iv. ii. 146 For Vertue, and true Beautie of the Soule, For honestie, and decent Carriage. View more context for this quotation
1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 306 To Praise a Mans selfe, cannot be Decent, except it be in rare Cases.
1712 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. 29 Oct. 'Twill not be decent for me to inquire into yt Affair.
1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. ii. x. 93 The regular decent life of a virtuous Man.
1754 Earl of Chatham Lett. to Nephew (1804) iv. 20 Be sure to associate..with men of decent and honourable lives.
1770 E. Gibbon On Æneid vi. in Misc. Wks. (1796) II. 507 The laws of honour are different in different ages; and a behaviour which in Augustus was decent, would have covered Æneas with infamy.
1830–2 W. Carleton Traits & Stories Irish Peasantry (Tegg) 375 Are you ladin' a dacenter or more becominer life?
1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. 265 Much more than they had any decent pretence for asking.
1865 Mill in Morning Star 6 July Would it have been decent in me to have gone among you and said, ‘I am the fittest man?’
b. of persons. spec. in modern colloquial use (see quot. 1949).
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > virtue > purity > chastity > modesty or decency > [adjective]
well-itowenc1225
mannerlyc1400
pudic1490
pudicala1513
modestiousa1549
modest1550
pudent1558
delicate1634
pudibund1656
pudibundous1656
decent1734
1734 J. Swift Strephon & Cloe in Beautiful Young Nymph 21 Women must be decent; And, from the Spouse each Blemish hide.
1886 H. H. Johnston Kilimanjaro Exp. xix. 437 The Wa-Caga cannot be accused of indecency, for they make no effort to be decent, but walk about as Nature made them.
1949 R. Harvey Curtain Time 63 Sometimes, if she knew one of the actors or actresses, she would knock at a door and call ‘Are you decent?’ (That old theatrical phrase startled people who didn't belong to the theatre, but it simply meant ‘Are you dressed?’)
4.
a. Satisfying (in character, mode of living, behaviour, manners, etc.) the standard of one's position or circumstances; respectable.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > good repute > reputability or honourableness > [adjective] > respectable
substantious1490
proper1600
creditable1624
decent1712
respectable1750
gradely1763
pukka1776
nice1799
salonfähig1905
quite1907
resp1922
1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 443. ⁋7 Honestus..makes modest Profit by modest Means, to the decent Support of his Family.
1738 A. Pope One Thousand Seven Hundred & Thirty Eight Dialogue II 7 Ev'n in a Bishop I can spy Desert; Secker is decent.
1771 Mrs. J. Harris in Private Lett. Ld. Malmesbury (1870) I. 239 Lord Herbert is at Wilton with his tutor..a decent well-behaved man.
1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. i, in Poems 50 Next with their boy, a decent couple came.
1831 T. L. Peacock Crotchet Castle iii Captain F.—Many decent families are maintained on smaller means. Lady C.—Decent families: ay, decent is the distinction from respectable. Respectable means rich, and decent means poor. I should die if I heard my family called decent.
1879 ‘G. Eliot’ Theophrastus Such ii. 27 Most of us who have had decent parents.
1882 W. Ballantine Some Exper. Barrister's Life I. xxiii. 290 I remember a pantaloon..He was a very sober decent fellow.
b. of appearance, dress, etc.
ΚΠ
1696 tr. J. Dumont New Voy. Levant 45 Others go about in a pretty decent Garb.
1738 Defoe's Compl. Eng. Tradesman (ed. 4) I. xxii. 275 A well furnish'd shop, with a decent outside.
1773 S. Johnson Let. 6 Sept. (1992) II. 67 In the afternoon tea was made by a very decent Girl in a printed Linen.
1843 J. W. Carlyle Lett. I. 227 I am getting together one decent suit of clothes for her.
1884 F. M. Crawford Rom. Singer (ed. 2) I. 5 We made him look very decent.
5.
a. Satisfying a fair standard; fair, tolerable, passable, ‘respectable’; good enough in its way.Distinct examples of this sense are late; within brackets are given some earlier quots. which may belong to it.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > quality of being satisfactory > [adjective]
wellOE
sufferablea1340
worthy1340
sufficient1489
paregala1500
competent1535
something like?1556
right1567
sweet1577
fairish1611
all right1652
fair1656
comfortable1658
decent1711
respectable1750
unrepulsive1787
decentisha1814
fair-to-middling1822
fine1828
christena1838
OK1839
tidy1844
not (or none) so dusty?1856
sweet1898
oke1928
okey-doke1934
okey-dokey1936
tickety-boo1939
cool1951
aight1993
a1644 B. Twyne Musterings Univ. Oxf. in T. Hearne Chronicon Prioratus de Dunstaple (1733) II. 738 They were put into battell arraye, and skirmished together in a very decent manner.
1697 J. Dryden Ded. Georgics in tr. Virgil Wks. sig. ¶1v If his Constitution be healthful, his Mind may still retain a decent vigour.]
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 34. ¶10 At length, making a Sacrifice of all their Acquaintance and Relations, [they] furnished out a very decent Execution.1773 J. Berridge Christian World Unmasked 20 Some debts I shall pay myself, a decent part of the shot.1826 W. Cobbett Rural Rides (1885) II. 27 The locusts..appeared..to be doing pretty well, and had made decent shoots.1863 F. A. Kemble Jrnl. Resid. Georgian Plantation 132 There was not another decent kitchen, or flower garden in the State.1880 M. E. Braddon Just as I Am xi She had just learnt enough English to write a decent letter.1894 N.E.D. at Decent Mod. (Oxford Tutor), He ought to be able to write decent Latin prose.
b. Of a person: kind, accommodating, pleasant. colloquial.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > [adjective] > agreeable in manner
sweetc825
soota1250
coutha1375
pleasantc1387
gallant?a1513
plausible1577
plausive1595
placentiousa1661
winsome1677
genial1746
clever1758
nice1830
decent1902
1902 E. Nesbit Five Children & It iii. 101 ‘Well,’ said Cyril, ‘if you ask me I think it was rather decent of her’——‘Decent?’ said Anthea; ‘it was very nice indeed of her…’
1909 J. Galsworthy Joy 111 Couldn't you just go up and give her a message..it would be most awfully decent of you.
1910 L. A. Harker Master & Maid xvii. 255 Fellows had told him how cut up old Nick was when that chap died in his house, and Bruiser was a jolly sight decenter than old Nick.
1910 L. A. Harker Master & Maid xx. 308 He was a very decent chap, quite a man of the world.
1928 W. Deeping Old Pybus ix. §3 The pater has been rather decent.
1932 ‘N. Shute’ Lonely Road vi. 125 That's really very decent of you.
1944 R. Lehmann Ballad & Source 36 This is a ripping place, and they're being jolly decent to us.
6. quasi-adv. Decently.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > [adverb] > with propriety
comelyOE
seemlyc1320
menskfullya1375
tallya1375
comelilyc1400
comelywise1440
decently1552
decent1716
decorously1808
properly1811
wise-like1822
the mind > attention and judgement > good taste > pleasing fitness > [adverb] > in seemly or decorous manner
comelyOE
menskful?c1225
seemlyc1320
menskfullya1375
tallya1375
comelilyc1400
comelywise1440
handsomely1525
decently1552
civilly1593
decent1716
comme il faut1756
decorously1808
wise-like1822
spiffily1977
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > good repute > reputability or honourableness > [adverb] > respectably
respectably1619
decently1662
decent1716
1716 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad II. vii. 513 Nor less the Greeks their pious Sorrows shed, And decent on the Pile dispose the dead.
1761 E. Bonhote Rambles Mr. Frankly (1797) II. 176 The woman was dressed neat and decent.

Compounds

decent-lived adj.
ΚΠ
1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 5 Apr. 6/1 I never stole any spoons, and am a decent-lived man as a whole.
decent-looking adj.
ΚΠ
1800 E. Hervey Mourtray Family II. 152 A small but tolerably decent-looking house.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.1539
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