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单词 alectory
释义

alectoryn.

Brit. /əˈlɛkt(ə)ri/, U.S. /əˈlɛkt(ə)ri/
Forms:

α. Middle English alettoria, Middle English–1500s allectoria, Middle English–1600s alectorius, 1500s alectoria.

β. Middle English alectorie, Middle English alistores (perhaps transmission error), Middle English allatory, Middle English allectories (plural), Middle English electoyr, 1500s allectorie, 1600s alectory.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Perhaps also partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin alectoria; French alectore.
Etymology: < classical Latin alectoria precious stone said to be found in the gizzards of cocks (Pliny) < Hellenistic Greek ἀλεκτορεία , use as noun (short for ἀλεκτορεὶα λίθος alectory stone) of feminine of ἀλεκτόρειος of a fowl < ancient Greek ἀλέκτωρ cock, literally ‘defender’ ( < the stem of ἀλέξειν to ward off (see alexin n.) + -τωρ , suffix forming agent nouns) + -ειος , suffix forming adjectives; compare -y suffix3. In β. forms perhaps via Anglo-Norman alectore, alectorie, alectoire, allectorie, Anglo-Norman and Middle French alectoire (12th cent. in Old French; French †alectoire ; < classical Latin alectoria ); compare Old French alectoire , allectoire , alletoire (12th and 13th centuries). Compare Italian †alectoria (a1309; also †alettoria (a1564)), †allettorio (beginning of the 14th cent.; also †alectorio (first half of the 14th cent.)), Spanish alectoria (c1447), †alectorio (c1420). Compare earlier lectory n.1
Now historical.
A precious stone with magical properties, supposedly found in the gizzards of cockerels; = cock stone n. 1. Cf. gizzard stone n. at gizzard n. Additions. Also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > less identifiable gems > [noun] > white or colourless stone
alectorya1398
gelatiaa1398
sunstonea1398
galactitea1500
white stone1861
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. xvi. 836 Allectoria is a stoon þat is yfounde in þe mawes of capouns and is liche to dymm cristalle.
a1450 in J. Evans & M. S. Serjeantson Eng. Mediaeval Lapidaries (1933) 31 Allectories wexen in the wombe of a capon, after he hath ben iiij yere capon.
a1500 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1913) 131 53 Allatory, wich men fro blame Preseruyth and procuryth benyuolence.
1549 W. Thomas Vanitee of World sig. Aviiiv But neither his force, nor yet his allectorie (a iewell that is reputed to geue victorie) through whiche he had atteigned so many victories, could defende him from the handes of his owne men.
1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus Alectoria..a stone in the mawe or gysarde of a cocke.
1621 D. Widdowes tr. W. A. Scribonius Nat. Philos. 28 Alectorius is of a christall or watrish coullour. It is found in the Maw of an olde Capon.
1663 G. Harvey Archelogia Philosophica Nova II. ii. ii. ii. 227 The Alectory Stone is taken out of a Cocks Maw. This stone is more frequently found in Cocks, when they are in their fourth or fifth year.
1958 L. Thorndike Hist. Magic & Exper. Sci. VII. x. 289 He goes on, however, to quote Albertus that the stone alectory, often found in the crop of an old cock, worn about the neck as an amulet, makes a man invincible in war.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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