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单词 crotchet
释义

crotchetn.1

/ˈkrɒtʃɪt/
Forms: Also Middle English–1500s crochette, Middle English–1800s crochet, 1500s corchat, crockchette, chrotchet, 1600s crachet, 1600s (1800s dialect) cratchet, 1700s crotchett, Middle English Scottish cruchet.
Etymology: Middle English < French crochet hook, diminutive of croche crook, hook: see crochet n.
I. = crocket n.1
1. Architecture. = crocket n.1 2; also transferred to buds or branches.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [noun] > ornaments on pediments or cornices
crotchetc1394
crocket1677
vessel1704
vase1706
blocking-course1761
acroter1829
crocketing1851
c1394 P. Pl. Crede 174 Þe mynstre..Wiþ arches..y-corven Wiþ crochetes on corners wiþ knottes of golde.
1825 W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1826) I. 767 The crotchets, or projecting stones on the outside of that..spire.
1892 Lichfield Mercury 25 Mar. 8/5 Let us gather one of their [elm trees'] delicate sprays... Every crochet resembles a cluster of spherical beads.
2. = crocket n.1 1. Obsolete. (Cf. French crochet.) In modern dialect cratchet = the crown of the head.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > styles of hair > [noun] > curled or frizzed style > a curl
crocket1303
crookc1308
crotchet1589
lock1601
bergera1685
beau-catcher1818
sausage curl1828
spit-curl1831
crimp1855
kiss-curl1856
follow-me-lads1862
Alexandra curl1863
bob-curl1867
pin-curl1873
Montague1881
quiff1890
kiss-me-quick1893
1589 J. Lyly Pappe with Hatchet B iv They will..anatomize..thy bodie from the corne on thy toe, to the crochet on thy head.
1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 39 Cratchet, the crown of the head. ‘Nap his cratchet’, crack his crown.
1876 C. C. Robinson Gloss. Words Dial. Mid-Yorks. Cratchet, the crown of the head.
II. A hook or hooked instrument.
3. A small hook, esp. for fastening things; an ornamental hook serving as a brooch or fastening.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > tool > types of tools generally > [noun] > hooked
awelOE
crookc1290
gaffa1300
kroket1426
crotchetc1430
cromec1440
buttonhook1788
claw1815
box hook1852
hook1869
window pole1888
society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > hook
crotchetc1430
holdfast1575
fimble1597
hooklet1836
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > parts of clothing > [noun] > fastenings > other fastenings
crotcheta1685
skewer1771
back-string1785
guard-chain1832
patte1835
tie-up1896
press-button1908
press fastener1922
Liverpool pennant1933
Velcro1960
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > brooch or pin > [noun] > of specific shape or form
scutcheon1483
target1507
tussy1541
crotcheta1685
spray1803
safety pin1850
cluster-pin1873
luckenbooth brooch1882
fáinne1919
luckenbooth1976
c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) iii. xxiv. 149 Of this crochet, S.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) 179 It shold be fasted to the creneaux of the walle, with good and stronge crochettes of yron.
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 134/4 Thenne the tyraunt..with hokes and crochettis of yron dyde do tere theyr flessh.
1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) x. 406 Yat maid ane clap quhen ye cruchet [1487 St. John's Cambr. cleket] Wes fixit fast in ye kyrneill.
1503 in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 92 For hookes and crochettes..delivered to William Hamerton yeoman of the Warderobe of the beddes.
a1618 J. Sylvester Iob Triumphant in tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Diuine Weekes & Wks. (1621) 947 Canst Thou his tongue with steely Crotchets thrill.
a1685 M. Evelyn Mundus Muliebris (1690) 11 This to her side she does attach With Gold Crochet, or French Pennache.
1703 J. Savage tr. Select Coll. Lett. Antients lxxvii. 217 An Imperial Purple Robe on her Shoulders button'd with a Crotchet of Diamonds on her Breast.
1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 245. ⁋2 A Crochet of 122 Diamonds, set..in Silver.
4. Surgery.
a. A hook-like instrument.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > surgical instruments > [noun] > hook
crotchet1753
tenaculum1842
1753 Philos. Trans. 1751–2 (Royal Soc.) 47 83 With a crotchet holding up the integuments [I] keep them from touching.
1854 E. Mayhew Dogs (1862) 213 Forceps..are always dangerous..The crochet, a blunt hook..is to be preferred.
b. spec. an instrument employed in obstetrical surgery.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > obstetrical equipment > [noun]
birth stool1627
forceps1634
ungula1684
unguis1752
fillet1753
crotchet1754
lack1754
tire-tête1754
perforator1790
vectis1790
cranioclast1860
binder1861
stirrup1936
vacuum extractor1954
birthing stool1956
ventouse1960
1754 W. Smellie Treat. Midwifery II. xxvii. 448 I..sat down with a resolution to deliver, either with the forceps or crotchet, in order to save the woman's life.
5.
a. A hook used in reaping: see quot. 1833.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harvesting equipment > [noun] > reaping tools > sickle
hooka700
sicklea1000
crookc1290
cycle1387
reap hook1388
reaping hook1578
knife-hooka1599
crotchet1833
1833 J. Holland Treat. Manuf. Metal II. 58 The crotchet or hook; the workman uses it with the left hand to gather the quantity of corn he intends to cut.
b. A hook fastened with straps on the back of a porter for carrying parcels. [= French crochet.]
ΚΠ
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxvii. 216 Simond carried my theodolite box, tied upon a crotchet on his back.
6. A natural hook-like organ or process: spec. (a) ‘the tushe, tuske, or fang of a beast’ (Cotgrave) [French crochet] ; (b) one of the minute hooks or claws on the prolegs of many lepidopterous larvæ; (c) (Anatomy) the hook-like extremity of the superior occipito-temporal convolution of the brain.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > head and neck > [noun] > mouth > tooth or tusk
tuska900
tusclec1000
broach1607
crotchet1678
fang1700
ivory1894
the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > parts of brain > [noun] > cerebrum > hemisphere > convolutions and parts
circumvolution1578
convolution1615
crotchet1678
gyrus1842
subgyre1889
suboperculum1889
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Lepidoptera or butterflies and moths > [noun] > larva > parts of > pro-leg(s) > minute hook on prolegs
crotchet1678
1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) (at cited word) Among Hunters, the chief master Teeth of a Fox, are called Crochets.
1708 J. Kersey Dict. Anglo-Britannicum Crotchets, (among Hunters) the Chief, or Master-teeth of a Fox. [Hence in later Dicts.]
1778 C. Milne Bot. Dict. (ed. 2) at Semen Some seeds attach themselves to animals, by means of hooks, crotchets, or hairs.
1802 W. Paley Nat. Theol. xii. 236 In the ostrich, this apparatus of crotchets and fibres, of hooks and teeth, is wanting.
1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. (1828) III. xxix The prolegs of almost all Lepidopterous larvæ are furnished with a set of minute slender horny hooks, crotchets, or claws..somewhat resembling fish-hooks.
1876 Quain's Elements Anat. (ed. 8) II. 532 Its anterior extremity is rounded into a hook called by Vicq-d'Azyr the ‘crotchet’, hence its name.
III. Derived and figurative senses.
7.
a. Music. A symbol for a note of half the value of a minim, made in the form of a stem with a round (formerly lozenge-shaped) black head; a note of this value. Also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > duration of notes > [noun] > crotchet
crotchetc1440
quarter-note1627
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 104 Crochett of songe, semiminima.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xiii. 153 2 Pastor. Say, what was his song? Hard ye not how he crakyd it, Thre brefes to a long? 3 Pastor. Yee, Mary, he hakt it: Was no crochett wrong, Nor nothyng that lakt it.
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 225 The pyat..Feynȝeis to sing the nychtingale note, Bot scho can not the corchet cleiff For hasknes of hir carleche throte.
1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke 178 He giueth it such a natural grace by breaking a minime into a crotchet rest and a crotchet.
1622 H. Peacham Compl. Gentleman xi. 102 Hee driueth a Crotchet thorough many Minims, causing it to resemble a chaine with the Linkes.
1782 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music II. 303 Notes in a lozenge form..whether the heads were full or open, were at first called Minims; but when a still quicker note was thought necessary, the white or open notes only had that title, and the black were..by the English [called] Crotchets: a name given by the French with more propriety from the hook or curvature of the tail, to the..Quaver.
1849 W. Irving Oliver Goldsmith (rev. ed.) xxxiv. 290 He pretended to score down an air as the poet played it, but put down crotchets and semi-breves at random.
b. Often used with playful allusion to sense 9.
ΚΠ
1579 S. Gosson Apol. Schoole of Abuse in Ephemerides Phialo f. 85v They [sc. Musitions] haue euer a crotchet aboue commons, and adde where they liste.
1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing ii. iii. 55 Why these are very crotchets that he speakes, Note notes forsooth and nothing. View more context for this quotation
1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses I. 768 Being possess'd with crotchets, as many Musicians are.
8. A square bracket in typography; = crook n. 7: formerly also called hook. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > printing > printed matter > printed character(s) > [noun] > square bracket
crooks1641
column1658
crotchet1676
1676 E. Coles Eng. Dict. Crotchet..also (in printing) the mark of a Parenthesis [ ].
1748 S. Richardson Clarissa VII. civ. 378 What is between crotchets thus [ ], Mr. Belford omitted.
1832 J. Lindley Introd. Bot. 495 A few interpolations, which are distinguished by being included within crotchets [ ].
9.
a. A whimsical fancy; a perverse conceit; a peculiar notion on some point (usually considered unimportant) held by an individual in opposition to common opinion.The original of this sense is obscure: it is nearly synonymous with crank n.2 3, 4, and might, like it, have the radical notion of ‘mental twist or crook’; but Cotgrave appears to connect it with the musical note, sense 7: ‘Crochue, a Quauer in Musicke; whence Il a des crochues en teste, (we say) his head is full of crochets’: cf. also 7b.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of imagination > fancy or fantastic notion > [noun]
phantoma1375
fantasyc1440
conceitc1450
fancy1471
crotchet1573
whim-wham1580
vision1592
reverie1602
whimsy1607
windmill1612
brainworm1617
maggota1625
vapour1631
flama1637
fantastic1641
idea1660
whim1697
rockstaff1729
whigmaleery1730
vagary1753
freak1785
whimsy-whamsy1807
crankum1822
whimmery1837
the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > inconstancy > [noun] > capriciousness > a caprice or whim
fantasya1450
wantonness1531
humour1533
worm?a1534
will1542
toy?1545
whey-worm1548
wild worm1548
freak1563
crotchet1573
fancy1579
whim-wham1580
whirligig1589
caper1592
megrim1593
spleen1594
kicksey-winsey1599
fegary1600
humorousness1604
curiosity1605
conundrum1607
whimsy1607
windmill1612
buzza1616
capriccioa1616
quirka1616
flama1625
maggota1625
fantasticality1631
capruch1634
gimcrack1639
whimseycado1654
caprich1656
excursion1662
frisk1665
caprice1673
fita1680
grub1681
fantasque1697
whim1697
frolic1711
flight1717
whigmaleery1730
vagary1753
maddock1787
kink1803
fizgig1824
fad1834
whimmery1837
fantod1839
brain crack1853
whimsy-whamsy1871
tic1896
tick1900
1573 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 46 M. Osburn stud uppon this chrotchet, that he had bene ons there alreddi, and therefore, etc.
1587 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) I. ii. xxii. 339 All the od crochets in such a builder's braine.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iii. i. 391 The Duke had Crochets in him. View more context for this quotation
1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer ii. 813 How could so fond a crotchet be devised, That God our serioust actions hath despised?
1638 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy (ed. 5) i. iii. i. ii. 187 That castle in the ayre, that crochet, that whimsie.
1710 E. Ward Life Don Quixote i. iii. 37 With fifty Crotchets in his Head.
a1772 Wilkie Ape, Parrot, etc. (R.) But airy whims and crotchets lead To certain loss, and ne'er succeed.
1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. iii, in Poems 131 And gloomy Crotchets fill'd his wandering Head.
1861 M. Arnold Pop. Educ. France 165 Opinions which have no ground in reason..mere crotchets, or mere prejudices.
b. A fanciful device, mechanical, artistic, or literary.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > [noun] > fantastic or affected
conceit1463
fangle1583
crotchet1611
foppery1711
whigmaleery1793
quipa1822
dandification1827
fandangle1835
fandango1856
1611 L. Barry Ram-Alley v. sig. H4v As for my breath I haue crotchets and deuises, Ladies rankebreaths are often healpt with spices.
c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1644 (1955) II. 230 He..shew'd us his perpetual motions..Modells, and a thousand other crotchets & devises.
1733 title Islington; or the Humours of the New Tunbridge Wells..with Serious and Comical Puns, Crotchets, and Conclusions.
1764 S. Foote Lyar i. ii. 19 All the sighing, dying, crying crotchets, that..rhymers have ever produc'd.
1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus ii. ix. 67/1 Nothing but innuendoes, figurative crotchets.
10. Fortification. A passage formed by an indentation in the glacis opposite a traverse, connecting the portions of the covered way on both sides of the traverse.
ΚΠ
1853 J. H. Stocqueler Mil. Encycl.
Categories »
11. Military. ‘The arrangement of a body of troops, either forward or rearward, so as to form a line nearly perpendicular to the general line of battle’ (Webster 1864). Obsolete.
12. quasi-adv. Oddly.Apparently an isolated use.
ΚΠ
1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 20 Its independency or loosness from God, lies as crotchet every whit, as its being.

Compounds

C1. crotchet-shaped.
ΚΠ
1884 E. R. Lankester in Pall Mall Gaz. 6 Oct. 1/3 A corkscrew-shaped or a rod-shaped or a crotchet-shaped bacillus.
C2.
crotchet-hero n. humorous a musician.
ΚΠ
1807 Salmagundi 7 Mar. 98 Exhibit loud piano feats Caught from that crotchet-hero, Meetz.
crotchet letter n. one having a hook-shaped hairline.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > writing > handwriting or style of > formation of letters > [noun] > other forms
descendant1676
court letter1690
nail head1855
descender1883
crotchet letter1887
1887 Script Letters for Perforating & Sewing Crotchet letters b v f r w.
crotchet-monger n. one who has crotchets on political and other questions and obtrusively advocates them; hence crotchet-mongering.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > slight madness > crankiness or eccentricity > person
fantastical1589
fantastic1598
earwig brain1599
extravagant1627
fanatic1644
energumen1660
original1675
toy-pate1702
gig1777
quiz1780
quoz?1780
rum touch1800
crotcheteer1815
pistol1828
eccentric1832
case1833
originalist1835
cure1856
crotchet-monger1874
curiosity1874
crank1881
crackpot1883
faddist1883
schwärmer1884
hard case1892
finger1899
mad hatter1905
nut1908
numéro1924
screwball1933
wack1938
fruitcake1942
odd bod1942
oddball1943
ghoster1953
raver1959
kook1960
flake1968
woo-woo1972
zonky1972
wacko1977
headbanger1981
1874 J. S. Blackie On Self-culture 60 They are mostly crotchet-mongers and puzzle~brains.
1888 Charity Organis. Rev. June 267 The only way for a philanthropist to escape the reproach of crotchet-mongering is to give up trust in legislative crotchets.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

crotchetn.2

Forms: Also 1600s cratchet.
Etymology: diminutive of crotch n. (Compare also crutchet n.)
Obsolete.
1. A pole or prop with a forked top; = crotch n. 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > support > [noun] > that which supports > prop > forked
crotch1573
crotchet1631
crutch1645
1631 J. Smith Advts. Planters New-Eng. 32 This was our Church, till wee built a homely thing like a barne, set upon Cratchets.
1681 E. Hickeringill Vindic. Naked Truth 1 A Crazy..Fabrick that only stands upon Crotches, and Crotchets.
1756 P. Browne Civil & Nat. Hist. Jamaica i. ii. 25 They live in huts or small thatched cabbins, sustained by crotchets.
1764 T. H. Croker et al. Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. I. at Currying [Tools used] A crotchet or fork.
2. A forked support or bracket.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > support > [noun] > that which supports > projecting bracket > forked
crotchet1772
1772 W. Bailey Descr. Useful Machines I. 255 A Brass Crotchet screwed to the Pedestle and properly fitted to the solid and also to the hollow end of the axis of the machine.
3. Nautical. = crotch n. 3c, crutch n. 3.
ΚΠ
1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Transl. French Terms Crouchants, the crotchets, or floor-timbers fore and aft in a boat.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

crotchetv.

Etymology: < crotchet n.1Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈcrotchet.
1. To break a longer note up into crotchets (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > duration of notes > proportion of notes or rhythm > [verb (transitive)] > break up a note
hackc1450
crotchet1587
1587 J. Harmar tr. T. de Bèze Serm. 267 (T.) Not these cantels and morsels of scripture warbled, quavered, and crochetted, to give pleasure unto the ears.
c1600 J. Donne Elegies i. Jealousie Drawing his breath, as thick and short, as can The nimblest crocheting Musitian.
2. To affect with crotchets.
ΚΠ
1629 J. Ford Lovers Melancholy ii. 31 You are but whymsed, yet crotchetted, conundroun'd.
3. To ornament with crotchets or crockets.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [verb (transitive)] > ornament pediments or cornices
purfle1849
crotchet1892
1892 Lichfield Mercury 25 Mar. 8/5 Look up..through the slender branches, crochetted almost to the tips..There is no need to wonder where the architects..got their idea of crochetting the spires and pinnacles of our Cathedral.

Derivatives

ˈcrotcheted adj.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2019).
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