cupeln.

/ˈkjuːpəl/

Forms: Also 1600s–1700s coppel, cuppel, (1600s copel(l, coppell, coppill, copple).

Etymology: < French coupelle (15th cent.), medieval Latin cūpella, diminutive of cūpa cask, to which the current form is adjusted.

a. A small flat circular porous vessel, with a shallow depression in the middle, made of pounded bone-ash pressed into shape by a mould, and used in assaying gold or silver with lead. Also the similarly-shaped ‘test’ or movable hearth of the reverberatory furnace in which silver is separated from lead by cupellation.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > parts of furnace > [noun] > vessels

crossletc1386

testc1386

cruciblea1475

spoon1496

melting pot1545

cruset1558

fining pot1560

hooker1594

cupel1605

crusoile1613

crisol1622

melt pot1637

muffle1644

crevet1658

coffin1686

sand-pot1758

Hessian crucible1807

pan1839

shank1843

casting-pot1846

king pot1862

converter1867

washpot1879

society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > parts of furnace > [noun] > hearth or floor of furnace > movable

test1555

test-bottom1853

cupel1862

1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke i. xvi. 82 Euery goldsmith and mint~man..know how to dispearse..such mettals into smoake with their cupels.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Coupelle, a Coppell; the little Ashen pot, or vessell.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §799 As wee see in the Stuffe, whereof Coppells are made..Upon which Fire worketh not.

1678 Philos. Trans. 1677 (Royal Soc.) 12 955 It was..first Refined with Lead upon a Copel, for separation of any Copper that might be in it.

1759 B. Martin Nat. Hist. Eng. II. 232 A large Coppel, where the Lead is now made.

1791 Lane in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 81 224 The contents of each paper were placed in separate cupels, under a muffle.

1862 London Rev. & Weekly Jrnl. 23 Aug. 175 The argentiferous lead..is then submitted to the process of cupellation. This operation is performed in a reverberatory furnace, on the hearth of which is placed the cupel, which is of an oval form about 4 feet long and 2 ½ feet broad.

b. figurative. (Cf. test n.¹)

ΚΠ

1672 O. Walker Of Educ. i. vi. 51 Sufferings..which is the great triall and cupell of gallant spirits.

1847 B. Disraeli Tancred I. ii. i. 102 Money is to be the cupel of their worth.

Compounds

C1. attributive and in other combinations, as cupel-furnace, cupel-mould.

ΚΠ

1800 tr. E. J. B. Bouillon-Lagrange Man. Course Chem. I. 28 It is employed as a cuppel-furnace by means of a small semicircular aperture.

1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 822 The cupels are formed in a cupel-mould made of cast steel.

C2.

† cupel-ashes n. Obsolete = cupel-dust n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > products of burning > [noun] > ashes or cinders > specific ashes

soap-ashes?1520

gravelled ashes1579

bone ash1594

cupel-dusta1626

polverine1662

peat ash1669

kelp1679

clar1683

cupel-ashes1683

wood-ash1748

bone earth1770

kelp-ashes1834

white ash1837

weed ash1841

fly ash1931

1683 J. Pettus Fleta Minor (1686) i. 9 There must first be a smooth fire-place, and upon that Copell-Ashes are to be laid the breadth or thickness of a finger.

† †cupel-dust n. Obsolete ashes and dust used in purifying metals.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > products of burning > [noun] > ashes or cinders > specific ashes

soap-ashes?1520

gravelled ashes1579

bone ash1594

cupel-dusta1626

polverine1662

peat ash1669

kelp1679

clar1683

cupel-ashes1683

wood-ash1748

bone earth1770

kelp-ashes1834

white ash1837

weed ash1841

fly ash1931

a1626 F. Bacon Physiol. Remains in Baconiana (1679) 100 It may be also tried, by incorporating Pouder of Steel, or Copple Dust.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

cupelv.

/ˈkjuːpəl/

Forms: For forms see cupel n.

Etymology: < cupel n.; compare French coupell-er , < coupelle : see cupel n.

transitive. To assay or refine in a cupel; to subject to cupellation.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > refine > by specific method

calcinec1386

calcinate1559

calcinize1606

cupel1644

decrepitate1646

scorify1755

cupellate18..

retort1850

liquate1864

star1886

zone-refine1962

zone level1974

zone-melt1982

1644 [implied in: K. Digby Two Treat. ii. x. 432 In the coppelling of a fixed metall. (at cupelling n.)].

1666 R. Boyle Origine Formes & Qualities 377 Good Gold, having, for a certain Tryal, been cuppell'd with a great deal of Lead.

1755 Philos. Trans. 1754 (Royal Soc.) 48 683 A mixture of platina and lead was cupelled.

1863 F. J. Rickard Mining Journey Across Andes 267 The pigs of argentiferous lead are next cupelled twice, and afterwards refined in a small bone ash test.

Derivatives

ˈcupelled adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > metal in specific state or form > [adjective] > refined > in specific way

calcined1583

calcinated1606

calcinate1610

concocted1647

cupelled1755

decrepitated1765

zone-levelled1956

zone-refined1956

1755 W. Lewis in Philos. Trans. 1754 (Royal Soc.) 48 685 Upon examining the cupelled matters hydrostatically.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

单词	cupel
释义	cupeln. /ˈkjuːpəl/ Forms: Also 1600s–1700s coppel, cuppel, (1600s copel(l, coppell, coppill, copple). Etymology: < French coupelle (15th cent.), medieval Latin cūpella, diminutive of cūpa cask, to which the current form is adjusted. a. A small flat circular porous vessel, with a shallow depression in the middle, made of pounded bone-ash pressed into shape by a mould, and used in assaying gold or silver with lead. Also the similarly-shaped ‘test’ or movable hearth of the reverberatory furnace in which silver is separated from lead by cupellation. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > parts of furnace > [noun] > vessels crossletc1386 testc1386 cruciblea1475 spoon1496 melting pot1545 cruset1558 fining pot1560 hooker1594 cupel1605 crusoile1613 crisol1622 melt pot1637 muffle1644 crevet1658 coffin1686 sand-pot1758 Hessian crucible1807 pan1839 shank1843 casting-pot1846 king pot1862 converter1867 washpot1879 society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > parts of furnace > [noun] > hearth or floor of furnace > movable test1555 test-bottom1853 cupel1862 1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke i. xvi. 82 Euery goldsmith and mint~man..know how to dispearse..such mettals into smoake with their cupels. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Coupelle, a Coppell; the little Ashen pot, or vessell. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §799 As wee see in the Stuffe, whereof Coppells are made..Upon which Fire worketh not. 1678 Philos. Trans. 1677 (Royal Soc.) 12 955 It was..first Refined with Lead upon a Copel, for separation of any Copper that might be in it. 1759 B. Martin Nat. Hist. Eng. II. 232 A large Coppel, where the Lead is now made. 1791 Lane in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 81 224 The contents of each paper were placed in separate cupels, under a muffle. 1862 London Rev. & Weekly Jrnl. 23 Aug. 175 The argentiferous lead..is then submitted to the process of cupellation. This operation is performed in a reverberatory furnace, on the hearth of which is placed the cupel, which is of an oval form about 4 feet long and 2 ½ feet broad. b. figurative. (Cf. test n.¹) ΚΠ 1672 O. Walker Of Educ. i. vi. 51 Sufferings..which is the great triall and cupell of gallant spirits. 1847 B. Disraeli Tancred I. ii. i. 102 Money is to be the cupel of their worth. Compounds C1. attributive and in other combinations, as cupel-furnace, cupel-mould. ΚΠ 1800 tr. E. J. B. Bouillon-Lagrange Man. Course Chem. I. 28 It is employed as a cuppel-furnace by means of a small semicircular aperture. 1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 822 The cupels are formed in a cupel-mould made of cast steel. C2. † cupel-ashes n. Obsolete = cupel-dust n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > products of burning > [noun] > ashes or cinders > specific ashes soap-ashes?1520 gravelled ashes1579 bone ash1594 cupel-dusta1626 polverine1662 peat ash1669 kelp1679 clar1683 cupel-ashes1683 wood-ash1748 bone earth1770 kelp-ashes1834 white ash1837 weed ash1841 fly ash1931 1683 J. Pettus Fleta Minor (1686) i. 9 There must first be a smooth fire-place, and upon that Copell-Ashes are to be laid the breadth or thickness of a finger. † †cupel-dust n. Obsolete ashes and dust used in purifying metals. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > products of burning > [noun] > ashes or cinders > specific ashes soap-ashes?1520 gravelled ashes1579 bone ash1594 cupel-dusta1626 polverine1662 peat ash1669 kelp1679 clar1683 cupel-ashes1683 wood-ash1748 bone earth1770 kelp-ashes1834 white ash1837 weed ash1841 fly ash1931 a1626 F. Bacon Physiol. Remains in Baconiana (1679) 100 It may be also tried, by incorporating Pouder of Steel, or Copple Dust. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2022). cupelv. /ˈkjuːpəl/ Forms: For forms see cupel n. Etymology: < cupel n.; compare French coupell-er , < coupelle : see cupel n. transitive. To assay or refine in a cupel; to subject to cupellation. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > refine > by specific method calcinec1386 calcinate1559 calcinize1606 cupel1644 decrepitate1646 scorify1755 cupellate18.. retort1850 liquate1864 star1886 zone-refine1962 zone level1974 zone-melt1982 1644 [implied in: K. Digby Two Treat. ii. x. 432 In the coppelling of a fixed metall. (at cupelling n.)]. 1666 R. Boyle Origine Formes & Qualities 377 Good Gold, having, for a certain Tryal, been cuppell'd with a great deal of Lead. 1755 Philos. Trans. 1754 (Royal Soc.) 48 683 A mixture of platina and lead was cupelled. 1863 F. J. Rickard Mining Journey Across Andes 267 The pigs of argentiferous lead are next cupelled twice, and afterwards refined in a small bone ash test. Derivatives ˈcupelled adj. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > metal in specific state or form > [adjective] > refined > in specific way calcined1583 calcinated1606 calcinate1610 concocted1647 cupelled1755 decrepitated1765 zone-levelled1956 zone-refined1956 1755 W. Lewis in Philos. Trans. 1754 (Royal Soc.) 48 685 Upon examining the cupelled matters hydrostatically. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online September 2018). < n.1605v.1644
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