aldernadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈɔːldən/,

/ˈɒldən/, U.S.

/ˈɔldərn/,

/ˈɑldərn/

Forms:

α. Old English ælren, early Middle English allerne, Middle English alloren, late Middle English ellerne, 1800s– ollern (English regional (Shropshire)); also Scottish pre-1700 alron, pre-1700 alrone, pre-1700 alryn, 1700s alran.

β. Middle English 1600s alderne, 1600s– aldern.

See also arn n.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Frisian elren , ielren , Middle Low German ellern , elren , Old High German erilīn (Middle High German erlīn , German erlen , also (with metathesis) ellern ), and (without the operation of Verner's Law) Middle Dutch elsin (Dutch elzen ) < the Germanic base of alder n.¹ + the Germanic base of -en suffix⁴.Old English ælren at α. forms probably shows i-mutation of earlier (retracted) Old English a caused by the suffix (compare discussion at -en suffix⁴) rather than showing an unmutated direct reflex of West Germanic a . Middle English ellerne also seems to show the reflex of an Old English form with i-mutation in its stem vowel, but may show e either after an early Scandinavian cognate of alder n.¹ or after elder n.¹ Similar forms are attested in field names in Cheshire, as Elerinscharde , Claverton (1280–1), le Elrenegreuelond , Aston iuxta Mondrum (1307–27). For a more general discussion of the form types see alder n.¹ In Old English the word is attested only in a single source: four times in the charter bounds of Long Itchington, Warwickshire, in weak inflected form ælrenan (compare quots. OE¹, OE² at sense A.). The bounds appear to be referring to two different alder tree stumps, although it has been suggested (on the basis that another set of bounds (Sawyer 892) mentions an elder stump in the same vicinity; compare also the later local field name Eldernestubbe (c1410)) that one or both the tree stumps may in fact have been elder stumps and that this is an early instance of confusion between alder n.¹ and elder n.¹ (see discussion at alder n.¹). The word is also found early in place names without i-mutation of the stem vowel, as Alrenessage , Derbyshire (a1272; earlier as Alreuessawe (1251 in an isolated spelling); now Ollerenshaw Hall), Olrinleg' (field name), Macclesfield, Cheshire (1283), le Holrenbarwe (field name), Marton, Cheshire (13th cent.), etc. Use as noun could have arisen independently, e.g. through reinterpretation of the first element in compounds. However, it is likely that it was reinforced by analogy with forms of elder n.¹ showing final -n , -ne (compare e.g. Middle English ellerne at that entry). Compare arn n.

Chiefly English regional in later use.

†A. adj.

Of alder (the tree or the wood). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [adjective] > other specific tree

aldernOE

ashena1400

terebinthenc1440

elmen1466

yewen1501

Brazil1577

walnut-tree1687

arbuteana1706

white pine1708

mahogany1730

teak-built1835

OE Bounds (Sawyer 898) in D. Hooke Warwickshire Anglo-Saxon Charter-bounds (1999) 9 Of cærssan willan in þone ælrenan stob.

OE Bounds (Sawyer 898) in D. Hooke Warwickshire Anglo-Saxon Charter-bounds (1999) 9 Þonan to þæm ælrenan stobbe & þanon to þæm þyrnbedde.

a1399 in W. G. Benham Oath Bk. Colchester (1907) 9 Bark of Walnote..Alderne bark..Okene bord..Popler bord.

1628 T. May tr. Virgil Georgicks i. 8 Then Aldern boates first plow'd the Ocean.

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Aldern, made of alder.

1810 J. Kennedy Glenochel I. 79 I know each fishful pool,..Each aldern arbour waving cool.

a1855 W. T. Spurdens Forby's Vocab. E. Anglia (1858) III. 29 Ligger, an extemporaneous bridge..usually formed of an aldern pole.

B. n.

= alder n.¹ 1. Also more fully aldern tree. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > birch and allies > [noun] > alder and allies

aldereOE

alderna1325

prick tree1551

black alder1578

aln1589

sporkenwood1599

alder1648

alder buckthorn?1742

orl1747

alder1755

arn1791

Turkey alder1822

Oregon alder1842

berry alder1863

tag alder1891

a1325 Gloss. W. de Bibbesworth (Arun.) (1857) 171 Coupet de aunne [glossed:] of allerne.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. cxxi. 1018 The pyne tree and alloren tree..deepe vnder the grounde dureþ and lasteþ longe tyme.

1473 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 174 Tha sal kepe our alryn treis unscathit.

1584 in J. M. Thomson Registrum Magni Sigilli Scotorum (1888) V. 398/2 So far as aik, birk, alrone or ony wther wode grew or is apperand to grow.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 280 If the right eie of a Hedghog be fryed, with the oile of Alderne or line-seed..and afterward anoint his eies therewith..he shall see as well in the darke as in the light.

1638 in J. H. Ramsay Bamff Charters (1915) 250 Aik, birk, alron or any uther wod.

a1643 W. Cartwright Ordinary (1651) iii. i. 37 Aldersgate Is hotten so from one that Aldrich hight;..Or else of Aldern trees which growden there.

1812 C. Hassall Gen. View Agric. Monmouth xiii. 83 In most vale countries, the orle or aldern grows in great abundance.

1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. 307 Ollern.., Alnus glutinosus, the Alder.

1924 M. Webb Precious Bane iii. i. 145 The ollern trees that fringed the road dripped with yellow catkins.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	aldern
释义	aldernadj.n. Brit. /ˈɔːldən/, /ˈɒldən/, U.S. /ˈɔldərn/, /ˈɑldərn/ Forms: α. Old English ælren, early Middle English allerne, Middle English alloren, late Middle English ellerne, 1800s– ollern (English regional (Shropshire)); also Scottish pre-1700 alron, pre-1700 alrone, pre-1700 alryn, 1700s alran. β. Middle English 1600s alderne, 1600s– aldern. See also arn n. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Frisian elren , ielren , Middle Low German ellern , elren , Old High German erilīn (Middle High German erlīn , German erlen , also (with metathesis) ellern ), and (without the operation of Verner's Law) Middle Dutch elsin (Dutch elzen ) < the Germanic base of alder n.¹ + the Germanic base of -en suffix⁴.Old English ælren at α. forms probably shows i-mutation of earlier (retracted) Old English a caused by the suffix (compare discussion at -en suffix⁴) rather than showing an unmutated direct reflex of West Germanic a . Middle English ellerne also seems to show the reflex of an Old English form with i-mutation in its stem vowel, but may show e either after an early Scandinavian cognate of alder n.¹ or after elder n.¹ Similar forms are attested in field names in Cheshire, as Elerinscharde , Claverton (1280–1), le Elrenegreuelond , Aston iuxta Mondrum (1307–27). For a more general discussion of the form types see alder n.¹ In Old English the word is attested only in a single source: four times in the charter bounds of Long Itchington, Warwickshire, in weak inflected form ælrenan (compare quots. OE¹, OE² at sense A.). The bounds appear to be referring to two different alder tree stumps, although it has been suggested (on the basis that another set of bounds (Sawyer 892) mentions an elder stump in the same vicinity; compare also the later local field name Eldernestubbe (c1410)) that one or both the tree stumps may in fact have been elder stumps and that this is an early instance of confusion between alder n.¹ and elder n.¹ (see discussion at alder n.¹). The word is also found early in place names without i-mutation of the stem vowel, as Alrenessage , Derbyshire (a1272; earlier as Alreuessawe (1251 in an isolated spelling); now Ollerenshaw Hall), Olrinleg' (field name), Macclesfield, Cheshire (1283), le Holrenbarwe (field name), Marton, Cheshire (13th cent.), etc. Use as noun could have arisen independently, e.g. through reinterpretation of the first element in compounds. However, it is likely that it was reinforced by analogy with forms of elder n.¹ showing final -n , -ne (compare e.g. Middle English ellerne at that entry). Compare arn n. Chiefly English regional in later use. †A. adj. Of alder (the tree or the wood). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [adjective] > other specific tree aldernOE ashena1400 terebinthenc1440 elmen1466 yewen1501 Brazil1577 walnut-tree1687 arbuteana1706 white pine1708 mahogany1730 teak-built1835 OE Bounds (Sawyer 898) in D. Hooke Warwickshire Anglo-Saxon Charter-bounds (1999) 9 Of cærssan willan in þone ælrenan stob. OE Bounds (Sawyer 898) in D. Hooke Warwickshire Anglo-Saxon Charter-bounds (1999) 9 Þonan to þæm ælrenan stobbe & þanon to þæm þyrnbedde. a1399 in W. G. Benham Oath Bk. Colchester (1907) 9 Bark of Walnote..Alderne bark..Okene bord..Popler bord. 1628 T. May tr. Virgil Georgicks i. 8 Then Aldern boates first plow'd the Ocean. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Aldern, made of alder. 1810 J. Kennedy Glenochel I. 79 I know each fishful pool,..Each aldern arbour waving cool. a1855 W. T. Spurdens Forby's Vocab. E. Anglia (1858) III. 29 Ligger, an extemporaneous bridge..usually formed of an aldern pole. B. n. = alder n.¹ 1. Also more fully aldern tree. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > birch and allies > [noun] > alder and allies aldereOE alderna1325 prick tree1551 black alder1578 aln1589 sporkenwood1599 alder1648 alder buckthorn?1742 orl1747 alder1755 arn1791 Turkey alder1822 Oregon alder1842 berry alder1863 tag alder1891 a1325 Gloss. W. de Bibbesworth (Arun.) (1857) 171 Coupet de aunne [glossed:] of allerne. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. cxxi. 1018 The pyne tree and alloren tree..deepe vnder the grounde dureþ and lasteþ longe tyme. 1473 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 174 Tha sal kepe our alryn treis unscathit. 1584 in J. M. Thomson Registrum Magni Sigilli Scotorum (1888) V. 398/2 So far as aik, birk, alrone or ony wther wode grew or is apperand to grow. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 280 If the right eie of a Hedghog be fryed, with the oile of Alderne or line-seed..and afterward anoint his eies therewith..he shall see as well in the darke as in the light. 1638 in J. H. Ramsay Bamff Charters (1915) 250 Aik, birk, alron or any uther wod. a1643 W. Cartwright Ordinary (1651) iii. i. 37 Aldersgate Is hotten so from one that Aldrich hight;..Or else of Aldern trees which growden there. 1812 C. Hassall Gen. View Agric. Monmouth xiii. 83 In most vale countries, the orle or aldern grows in great abundance. 1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. 307 Ollern.., Alnus glutinosus, the Alder. 1924 M. Webb Precious Bane iii. i. 145 The ollern trees that fringed the road dripped with yellow catkins. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.n.OE
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