corkn.¹

/kɔːk/

Etymology: Compare Spanish corcha , corche in same sense; but 15th cent. corke , with 16th cent. Dutch kork , kurk , German kork , appears to represent Old Spanish alcorque ‘a corke shooe, a pantofle’ (Minsheu), in which sense corke is cited in 1463 (sense 2); compare also German korke slipper (1595 in Grimm), and the earliest High German name for cork, pantoffel- or pantofflenholz slipper-wood. The Spanish corche represents (directly or indirectly) Latin corticem bark (in which sense Spanish now uses corteza < Latin corticea). Alcorque, known in Spanish of date 1458, was immediately < Spanish Arabic (Covarrubias 1611 has ‘dicho en Arabigo corque’); but its origin is uncertain; Dozy thinks it represents Latin quercus. If this be so, then corque, and by implication cork, has no connection with Spanish corcha, corche, or Latin cortex.

I. The bark of the cork-oak, and related uses.

1. The ‘bark’ or periderm of the cork-oak, which grows to a thickness of one or two inches, is very light, tough, and elastic, and is commonly used for a variety of purposes. virgin cork: the outer casing of the bark formed during the first year's growth, which afterwards dries, splits, and peels off naturally in flakes. Spons Encycl. ii. (1880) 723.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > cork > [noun]

cork-barkc1440

cork1570

corkwood1770

suber1873

velvet-cork1883

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 93 Corktre, suberies. Corkbarke, cortex.

1483 Cath. Angl. 76 Corke. [No Latin.]]

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Oii^v/2 Corke, suber.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xvi. viii. 461 Concerning corke, the woodie substance of the tree is very small..the barke only serveth for many purposes.

1666 S. Pepys Diary 14 July (1972) VII. 206 Four or five Tons of Corke to send..to the fleet, being a new device to make Barrecados with.

1840 R. H. Barham Execution in Ingoldsby Legends 1st Ser. 302 Blacking his nose with a piece of burnt cork.

1872 D. Oliver Lessons Elem. Bot. (new ed.) ii. 239 Cork is the outer bark, removed from the tree at intervals of from six to ten years.

2. Applied to various things made of cork.

†a. A sandal or slipper made of cork; a cork sole or heel for a shoe. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > parts of footwear > [noun] > sole > other

cork1463

crêpe sole1926

platform sole1938

wedge sole1939

platform1945

ripple sole1949

Vibram1950

lug sole1961

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > shoe or boot > shoe > [noun] > types of > made from specific material > cork

cork1463

cork-shoe1591

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > parts of footwear > [noun] > heel > types of

heelc1400

cork1609

Polonia heel1613

high heel1645

French heel1651

spur box1862

rubber heel1867

boot-heel1870

Louis Quinze1875

Louis heel1906

Cuban heel1908

brogue heel1927

spike heel1929

stiletto heel1931

wedge-heel1939

stiletto1953

wedge1959

stacked heel1960

stilt heel1973

1463–4 Act 2 & 3 Edw. IV c. 4 Botes, shoen, galoches or corkes.

1473 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 29 To pay for patynis and corkis.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 169 Liege, a corke for a slyppar [cf. 209].

1609 T. Heywood Rape Lucrece in Wks. (1874) V. 211 They weare so much Corke under their heeles they cannot choose but love to caper.

1624 R. Davenport City Night-cap 11 She must have a Feather in her head and a cork in her heel.

a1800 Ballad ‘The Queen's Marie’ xvii. (Minstr. Sc. Border) The corks frae her heels did flee.

b. A piece of cork used as a float for a fishing net or line, or to support a swimmer in the water.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > lightness > [noun] > rising due to lightness > buoyancy > device providing buoyancy > specific

cork1496

air chamber1664

pontoon1676

buoyancy tank1928

buoyancy chamber1930

1496 Treat. Fysshynge wyth Angle in Bk. St. Albans (rev. ed.) sig. hiv Make your flotys in this wyse. Take a fayr corke [etc.]

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 195^v As light as a corke.

a1617 S. Hieron Penance for Sinne in Wks. (1620) II. 79 Whoso thinks to swimme well enough without this ministeriall corke.

1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. iv. vi. sig. Cc1 Whilst we continu'd Angling..we often cast our Eyes..upon each others fishing Corks.

1849 A. H. Clough Poems & Prose Remains (1869) II. 11 The corks the novice plies to-day The swimmer soon shall cast away.

3. esp. A piece of cork, cut into a cylindrical or tapering form, used as a stopper for a bottle, cask, etc.; also transferred a similar stopper made of some other substance.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > [noun] > closure for a vessel, tube, etc. > cork

cork1530

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 737 Stoppe the bottell with a corke.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iii. iii. 91 As you'ld thrust a Corke into a hogshead.

1660 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mechanicall Proem 12 That hole was stopt with a Cork.

1797 T. Holcroft tr. F. L. Stolberg Trav. (ed. 2) III. lxxx. 229 Corks for bottles are made from the bark..and likewise cork soles.

1869 E. A. Parkes Man. Pract. Hygiene (ed. 3) 27 Bottles, with glass stoppers and not with corks.

1871 G. MacDonald At Back of North Wind i. 4 He..got a little strike of hay, twisted it up, folded it..and having thus made it into a cork, stuck it into the hole.

4. The cork-tree or cork-oak ( Quercus suber), a species of oak found in the countries on the Mediterranean, and grown for the production of cork.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > oak and allies > [noun] > cork-oak

cork-treec1440

suber1579

cork1601

alcornoque1821

cork oak1873

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > [noun] > oak as timber tree > cork-tree

cork-treec1440

cork1601

alcornoque1821

cork oak1873

1601 R. Chester Loves Martyr 95 The Hollyholme, the Corke.

1814 R. Southey Roderick xi The vine..clinging round the cork And ilex, hangs amid their dusky leaves.

5. Botany. A peculiar tissue in the higher plants, forming the inner division of the bark (which name is sometimes restricted to the dead tissues lying outside the cork); it consists of closely-packed air-containing cells, nearly impervious to air and water, and protects the underlying tissues.

ΚΠ

1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. i. ii. §15. 80 The formation of cork is very frequently continuous..when this occurs uniformly over the whole circumference, there arises a stratified cork-envelope, the Periderm, replacing the epidermis, which is in the meantime generally destroyed.

1880 W. R. McNab Bot.: Outl. Morphol. & Physiol. ii. 39 All tissues external to the layers of cork, die and dry up, forming a strong..protecting tissue, the bark.

II. transferred.

†6. Used by Grew for the ‘head’ or torus of some fruits, as apples, pears, gooseberries, bearing the withered remains of the floral leaves. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1672 N. Grew Anat. Veg. vi. 151 Ten [branches] are spred..through the Parenchyma [of the apple], all enarching themselves towards the Cork or Stool of the Flower.

1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants iv. iii. ii. 183 A straight Chanel or Ductus, which opens at the midle of the Cork or Stool of the Flower.

1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants iv. iii. ii. 183 [Quince] The Coar stands higher or nearer to the Cork... And the Ductus from the bottom of the Coar to the top of the Fruit, much more open and observable.

7. fossil cork, mountain-cork, rock-cork: names for a very light variety of asbestos.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > amphibole (double chain) > [noun] > asbestos

quick-line1601

asbestos1608

earth flax1649

thrum-stone1681

fossil linen1797

cork-fossil1806

fossil cork1859

mountain-cork1859

rock-cork1859

byssus1864

1859 D. Page Handbk. Geol. Terms 316 Rock-Cork, a variety of asbestus whose fine fibres are so interlaced and matted as to give it the texture and lightness of cork..Often known as ‘mountain-cork’.

1859 D. Page Handbk. Geol. Terms 170 Fossil-Cork.

1868 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 5) 234 Mountain Leather is a kind [of asbestos] in thin flexible sheets, made of interlaced fibres; and mountain cork the same in thicker pieces.

8. figurative. Applied to a person.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > light-mindedness > [noun] > person

flippera1400

butterflya1500

dalliera1568

fling-brain1570

barmy-froth1598

inconsiderate1598

cork1601

cork-brain1630

kickshaw1644

shatter-brain1719

shatter-pate1775

shatter-wit1775

scatter-brain1790

flutter-pate1894

Jack-o'-wisp1896

ditz1984

1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. iv. sig. F4 A slight bubling spirit, a Corke, a Huske.

a1631 J. Donne Poems (1650) 7 I can love..Her who still weeps with spungie eies, And her who is dry corke, and never cries.

9. Scottish colloquial. A small employer or master tradesman; an overseer of foreman. [Perhaps not the same word.]

ΚΠ

1832 J. D. Carrick in Whistle-Binkie 1st Ser. 27 An' our cork when he's slack, Will gie ye a hint when he's takin on han's.

1856 J. Strang Glasgow & its Clubs 129 The corks or small manufacturers of Anderston.

Compounds

C1. attributive or as adj. Made of or with cork as cork sole. (Sometimes with hyphen.)

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > cork > [adjective] > made of cork

corken1625

cork1716

1716 London Gaz. No. 5466/4 His Left Foot Shoe-heel half a Quarter of a Yard high, a Cork-sole answerable.

1766 S. Clark Leadbetter's Royal Gauger (ed. 6) ii. iii. 241 A Cork Plate or Plum, for taking Gauges of Ale or Beer.

1776 Ann. Reg. 1775 82 Providing themselves with cork-belts and cork-collars.

1873 Young Englishwoman June 280/2 [Bathing] Shoes..are made of the same material as the rest of the costume..a light cork sole being sewn on outside the material.

1886 Offic. Guide Museums Econ. Bot. Kew 144 A Cork hat, as used in Portugal.

1889 Times 18 Feb. 5 A dark-complexioned young man..with a cork-leg.

C2. General attributive.

cork-band n.

ΚΠ

1615 E. Sharpe Britaines Busse sig. B3^v Those 60 Corkes must haue 60 Corke-bands to tye them to the Net.

cork-bark n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > cork > [noun]

cork-barkc1440

cork1570

corkwood1770

suber1873

velvet-cork1883

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 93 Corkbarke, cortex.

cork-cambium n.

ΚΠ

1880 W. R. McNab Bot.: Outl. Morphol. & Physiol. ii. 38 The cork cambium forms new annual rings, as the ordinary cambium forms rings of wood.

cork-cell n.

ΚΠ

1882 S. H. Vines tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 107 Thus arises..a layer of cells..which continues to form new cork-cells, the Cork-cambium or layer of Phellogen.

cork-crop n.

ΚΠ

1842 R. Browning Soliloquy Spanish Cloister ii Not a plenteous cork-crop.

cork-hole n.

ΚΠ

1743 W. Ellis London & Country Brewer (ed. 2) III. 199 Stopping it up..excepting the Top vent or Cork-hole.

cork-layer n.

ΚΠ

1859 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. V. 480/2 The cork-layer of the vegetable integument.

cork-tissue n.

ΚΠ

1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. i. ii. §15. 90 When succulent organs..are injured, the wound generally becomes closed up by cork-tissue.

C3. Objective.

cork-bearing adj.

ΚΠ

1760 J. Ellis in Philos. Trans. 1759 (Royal Soc.) 51 210 Acorns of the Cork-bearing oak.

cork-borer adj.

ΚΠ

1854 J. Scoffern in Orr's Circle Sci., Chem. Chem. 291 Each of these cork-borers is a brass tube.

cork-boring n.

ΚΠ

1854 J. Scoffern in Orr's Circle Sci., Chem. Chem. 356 In the way of cork-boring.

cork-drawer n.

ΚΠ

1808 M. L. Weems Life G. Washington (ed. 6) vii. 48 Mere cork-drawers and songsters.

cork-forming adj.

ΚΠ

1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. i. ii. §15. 91 The Lenticels are a peculiarity of cork-forming Dicotyledons.

cork-maker n.

ΚΠ

1862 J. W. Carlyle Lett. III. 129 That absurd corkmaker.

C4. Parasynthetic.

cork-barked adj.

ΚΠ

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 1188 at Ulmus The Cork-barked Elm is in habit intermediate between the common and wych elms.

C5. See also cork-cutter n., cork-jacket n., etc.

Categories »

cork-board n. a kind of cardboard, made by mixing ground cork with the paper pulp, used as a non-conductor of heat, etc.

† cork-brain n. Obsolete a light-headed or giddy person.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > light-mindedness > [noun] > person

flippera1400

butterflya1500

dalliera1568

fling-brain1570

barmy-froth1598

inconsiderate1598

cork1601

cork-brain1630

kickshaw1644

shatter-brain1719

shatter-pate1775

shatter-wit1775

scatter-brain1790

flutter-pate1894

Jack-o'-wisp1896

ditz1984

1630 J. Taylor Wks. ii. 173/2 Some Giddy-headed Corkbrains.

† cork-brained adj. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > light-mindedness > [adjective]

lightlyeOE

lightOE

lightsomea1425

flying1509

light-minded?1529

tickle or light of the sear?1530

giddya1547

light-headed1549

gidded1563

giddish1566

fling-brained1570

tickle-headed1583

toyish1584

shallow1594

leger1598

corky1601

barmy1602

airy1609

unfirma1616

unballast1622

cork-brained1630

unballasted1644

kickshawa1655

unserious1655

unstudious1663

flirtishc1665

caper-witteda1670

shatter-headedc1686

corky-brained1699

flea-lugged1724

halokit1724

shatter-brained1727

scattered-brained1747

shatter-witted1775

flippant1791

butterfly-brained1796

scatter-brained1804

gossamer1806

shandy-pated1806

shattery1820

barmy-brained1823

papilionaceous1832

flirtatious1834

flirty1840

Micawberish1859

scatterheaded1867

flibberty-gibberty1879

thistledown1897

shatter-pated1901

trivial-minded1905

scattery1924

fizgig1928

ditzy1979

1630 J. Taylor Wks. An upstart corke-braind Jacke.

cork carpet n. a kind of floor-cloth composed of ground cork, india-rubber, and gutta-percha.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > floor-covering > [noun] > floorcloth > types of

wax-cloth1816

linoleum1878

corticine1880

cork carpet1906

lino1907

cork lino1909

spit and sawdust1937

1906 M. H. Baillie-Scott Houses & Gardens x. 30 The [bathroom] floor will perhaps be covered with..a cork carpet.

1959 Chambers's Encycl. VIII. 587/1 Cork carpet is similar to plain linoleum but made of larger cork granules with a low pigment content, thus producing a softer and warmer floorcovering, but one more difficult to keep clean.

cork-elm n. (a) the rock elm, Ulmus thomasii; (b) the winged elm, Ulmus alata.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > elms > [noun]

wycheOE

elmc1000

ulm-treec1000

witch hazela1400

all-heart1567

ulme1567

white elm1580

wych elm1582

witchen1594

weeping elm1606

trench-elm1676

smooth-leaved elm1731

witch elm1731

water elm1733

slippery elm1748

Scotch elm1769

wahoo1770

American elm1771

red elm1805

witches' elm1808

moose elm1810

cork-elm1813

rock elm1817

swamp elm1817

planer tree1819

Jersey elm1838

winged elm1858

sand elm1878

Exeter-elm1882

1813 H. Muhlenberg Catal. Plantarum Americæ Septentrionalis 29 Cork elm. Ulmus alata.

1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants 259 Ulmus racemosa, American Cork Elm.

1931 W. N. Clute Common Names Plants 26 The plant usually regarded as the true wahoo, is the plant often called the burningbush..but..the cork elm (Ulmus racemosa), and the basswood..also bear the name.

cork-faucet n. (see quot.).

ΚΠ

1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Cork-faucet, one adapted to be inserted through a cork, to draw the contents of a bottle.

† cork-fossil n. Obsolete = fossil cork at sense 7.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > amphibole (double chain) > [noun] > asbestos

quick-line1601

asbestos1608

earth flax1649

thrum-stone1681

fossil linen1797

cork-fossil1806

fossil cork1859

mountain-cork1859

rock-cork1859

byssus1864

1806 G. Gregory Dict. Arts & Sci. I. 437 Cork-fossil..a kind of stone..somewhat resembling vegetable cork.

cork-heeled adj. having the heels fitted with cork; †also figurative light-heeled, wanton.

ΚΠ

1630 T. Dekker Second Pt. Honest Whore iii. i. 176 Oh who would trust your corcke-heeld sex?

?c1700 Ballad ‘Sir P. Spens’ Oour Scots nobles wer richt laith To weet their cork-heild-shoone.

cork-leather n. a fabric of cork and leather; also of cork and india-rubber.

ΚΠ

1886 W. A. Harris Techn. Dict. Fire Insurance Cork-leather, which is waterproof and very elastic, is cork-powder consolidated with india~rubber.

cork lino n.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > floor-covering > [noun] > floorcloth > types of

wax-cloth1816

linoleum1878

corticine1880

cork carpet1906

lino1907

cork lino1909

spit and sawdust1937

1909 J. Joyce Let. 23 Dec. (1966) II. 280 Try to get some ‘cork-lino’ for kitchen.

1970 Univ. Coll. (Oxford) Record V. v. 315 The old cork-lino was replaced everywhere.

cork linoleum n. linoleum made from canvas backed with a mixture of linseed oil and ground cork.

ΚΠ

1909 Daily Chron. 11 June 7/2 ‘Cork Linoleum’ has to most people meant merely, or chiefly, a kind of trade mark.

cork-machine n. a machine for making corks.

cork oak n. the tree Q. Suber, a native of southern Europe and northern Africa, the bark of which furnishes cork.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > oak and allies > [noun] > cork-oak

cork-treec1440

suber1579

cork1601

alcornoque1821

cork oak1873

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > [noun] > oak as timber tree > cork-tree

cork-treec1440

cork1601

alcornoque1821

cork oak1873

1873 Princess Alice in Mem. (1884) 300 Cypresses, stone pines, large cork oaks.

cork-pine n. (see quots.).

ΚΠ

1873 Atlas of Michigan Pref. 20 The soft or ‘cork’ pine, so called from the resemblance in softness and texture of the wood to..cork.

1879 Lumberman's Gaz. 15 Oct. Valuable cork pine timber.

cork-press n.

ΚΠ

1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Cork-press, one in which a cork..is rendered elastic, to enable it the more readily to enter the neck of a bottle.

cork-pull n. an instrument for extracting a cork which has gone down into the bottle (E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech.).

cork-tipped adj. of a cigarette: having a filter of a cork-like substance at one end; also absol.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > smoking > articles or materials used in smoking > [adjective] > type of cigarette

bird's eye1877

gold-tipped1890

mentholated1895

cork-tipped1907

king-size1909

roll-your-own1911

tailor-made1924

filter-tipped1927

king-sized1940

roll-up1948

filterless1956

tipped1964

untipped1968

unfiltered1976

1907 Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 67/3 Cigarettes... Finest quality cork tipped.

1924 A. E. M. Foster London Restaurants 25 If you find your cigarette stick to your lips you had much better get them cork-tipped.

1928 Punch 22 Feb. p. ii (advt.) Really nice girls smoke Player's Cork-Tipped.

1945 ‘L. Lewis’ Birthday Murder (1951) v. 63 Mrs. Saxe, smoking a cork-tipped cigarette.

1969 ‘J. Fraser’ Cock-pit of Roses xix. 150 Give us some cigs...twenty of the cork-tipped.

cork-wing n. name of a fish, Crenilabrus melas or cornubicus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Labrioidei (wrasse) > [noun] > family Labridae > member of genus Crenilabrus (gilt-head)

aurata?1527

peacock of the sea?1527

gilthead1538

cunner1602

golden-poll1655

peacock fish1661

sea-roach1668

goldsinnya1705

goldfinny1795

golden maid1814

cork-wing1836

1836 W. Yarrell Hist. Brit. Fishes I. 296 Corkwing... The goldfinny..is not confined to the western part of England.

1868 Chambers's Encycl. at Wrasse The cork~wing is not unfrequent on the southern shores of England.

Draft additions September 2008

figurative. colloquial (originally and chiefly U.S.). to pop (also blow) one's cork: to lose one's temper, fly into a rage; to lose self-control.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > violent emotion > be affected with violent emotion [verb (intransitive)]

ragea1400

to blow one's top1928

to go haywire1929

to pop (also blow) one's cork1938

to flip one's lid (also wig)1950

wig1955

to go ballistic1981

the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (intransitive)] > become angry

wrethec900

wrothc975

abelghec1300

to move one's blood (also mood)c1330

to peck moodc1330

gremec1460

to take firea1513

fumec1522

sourdc1540

spitec1560

to set up the heckle1601

fire1604

exasperate1659

to fire up1779

to flash up1822

to get one's dander up1831

to fly (occasionally jump, etc.) off (at) the handle1832

to have (also get) one's monkey up1833

to cut up rough, rusty, savage1837

rile1837

to go off the handle1839

to flare up1840

to set one's back up1845

to run hot1855

to wax up1859

to get one's rag out1862

blow1871

to get (also have) the pricker1871

to turn up rough1872

to get the needle1874

to blaze up1878

to get wet1898

spunk1898

to see red1901

to go crook1911

to get ignorant1913

to hit the ceiling1914

to hit the roof1921

to blow one's top1928

to lose one's rag1928

to lose one's haira1930

to go up in smoke1933

hackle1935

to have, get a cob on1937

to pop (also blow) one's cork1938

to go hostile1941

to go sparec1942

to do one's bun1944

to lose one's wool1944

to blow one's stack1947

to go (also do) one's (also a) dingerc1950

rear1953

to get on ignorant1956

to go through the roof1958

to keep (also blow, lose) one's cool1964

to lose ita1969

to blow a gasket1975

to throw a wobbler1985

1938 Amer. Speech 13 156/2 Pop your cork, loose [sic] your temper.

1947 R. O. Boyer Dark Ship 283 The captain blew his cork. I thought he was going to shoot us.

1949 F. Loesser Hamlet (song) in Compl. Lyrics (2003) 151/1 Ophelia, overcome with such grief and sorrow, She went and flipped her lid, She popped her cork, She jumped the track.

1991 J. Marsden Lett. from Inside (1992) 138 What you said about Steve, I'd be worried. He sounds like he's blown his cork.

2004 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 6 Apr. 1 c Calhoun popped his cork. Every mistake they made left him fuming, screaming at his players in view of the world.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	cork
释义	corkn.¹ /kɔːk/ Etymology: Compare Spanish corcha , corche in same sense; but 15th cent. corke , with 16th cent. Dutch kork , kurk , German kork , appears to represent Old Spanish alcorque ‘a corke shooe, a pantofle’ (Minsheu), in which sense corke is cited in 1463 (sense 2); compare also German korke slipper (1595 in Grimm), and the earliest High German name for cork, pantoffel- or pantofflenholz slipper-wood. The Spanish corche represents (directly or indirectly) Latin corticem bark (in which sense Spanish now uses corteza < Latin corticea). Alcorque, known in Spanish of date 1458, was immediately < Spanish Arabic (Covarrubias 1611 has ‘dicho en Arabigo corque’); but its origin is uncertain; Dozy thinks it represents Latin quercus. If this be so, then corque, and by implication cork, has no connection with Spanish corcha, corche, or Latin cortex. I. The bark of the cork-oak, and related uses. 1. The ‘bark’ or periderm of the cork-oak, which grows to a thickness of one or two inches, is very light, tough, and elastic, and is commonly used for a variety of purposes. virgin cork: the outer casing of the bark formed during the first year's growth, which afterwards dries, splits, and peels off naturally in flakes. Spons Encycl. ii. (1880) 723. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > cork > [noun] cork-barkc1440 cork1570 corkwood1770 suber1873 velvet-cork1883 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 93 Corktre, suberies. Corkbarke, cortex. 1483 Cath. Angl. 76 Corke. [No Latin.]] 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Oii^v/2 Corke, suber. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xvi. viii. 461 Concerning corke, the woodie substance of the tree is very small..the barke only serveth for many purposes. 1666 S. Pepys Diary 14 July (1972) VII. 206 Four or five Tons of Corke to send..to the fleet, being a new device to make Barrecados with. 1840 R. H. Barham Execution in Ingoldsby Legends 1st Ser. 302 Blacking his nose with a piece of burnt cork. 1872 D. Oliver Lessons Elem. Bot. (new ed.) ii. 239 Cork is the outer bark, removed from the tree at intervals of from six to ten years. 2. Applied to various things made of cork. †a. A sandal or slipper made of cork; a cork sole or heel for a shoe. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > parts of footwear > [noun] > sole > other cork1463 crêpe sole1926 platform sole1938 wedge sole1939 platform1945 ripple sole1949 Vibram1950 lug sole1961 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > shoe or boot > shoe > [noun] > types of > made from specific material > cork cork1463 cork-shoe1591 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > parts of footwear > [noun] > heel > types of heelc1400 cork1609 Polonia heel1613 high heel1645 French heel1651 spur box1862 rubber heel1867 boot-heel1870 Louis Quinze1875 Louis heel1906 Cuban heel1908 brogue heel1927 spike heel1929 stiletto heel1931 wedge-heel1939 stiletto1953 wedge1959 stacked heel1960 stilt heel1973 1463–4 Act 2 & 3 Edw. IV c. 4 Botes, shoen, galoches or corkes. 1473 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 29 To pay for patynis and corkis. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 169 Liege, a corke for a slyppar [cf. 209]. 1609 T. Heywood Rape Lucrece in Wks. (1874) V. 211 They weare so much Corke under their heeles they cannot choose but love to caper. 1624 R. Davenport City Night-cap 11 She must have a Feather in her head and a cork in her heel. a1800 Ballad ‘The Queen's Marie’ xvii. (Minstr. Sc. Border) The corks frae her heels did flee. b. A piece of cork used as a float for a fishing net or line, or to support a swimmer in the water. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > lightness > [noun] > rising due to lightness > buoyancy > device providing buoyancy > specific cork1496 air chamber1664 pontoon1676 buoyancy tank1928 buoyancy chamber1930 1496 Treat. Fysshynge wyth Angle in Bk. St. Albans (rev. ed.) sig. hiv Make your flotys in this wyse. Take a fayr corke [etc.] 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 195^v As light as a corke. a1617 S. Hieron Penance for Sinne in Wks. (1620) II. 79 Whoso thinks to swimme well enough without this ministeriall corke. 1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. iv. vi. sig. Cc1 Whilst we continu'd Angling..we often cast our Eyes..upon each others fishing Corks. 1849 A. H. Clough Poems & Prose Remains (1869) II. 11 The corks the novice plies to-day The swimmer soon shall cast away. 3. esp. A piece of cork, cut into a cylindrical or tapering form, used as a stopper for a bottle, cask, etc.; also transferred a similar stopper made of some other substance. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > [noun] > closure for a vessel, tube, etc. > cork cork1530 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 737 Stoppe the bottell with a corke. a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iii. iii. 91 As you'ld thrust a Corke into a hogshead. View more context for this quotation 1660 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mechanicall Proem 12 That hole was stopt with a Cork. 1797 T. Holcroft tr. F. L. Stolberg Trav. (ed. 2) III. lxxx. 229 Corks for bottles are made from the bark..and likewise cork soles. 1869 E. A. Parkes Man. Pract. Hygiene (ed. 3) 27 Bottles, with glass stoppers and not with corks. 1871 G. MacDonald At Back of North Wind i. 4 He..got a little strike of hay, twisted it up, folded it..and having thus made it into a cork, stuck it into the hole. 4. The cork-tree or cork-oak ( Quercus suber), a species of oak found in the countries on the Mediterranean, and grown for the production of cork. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > oak and allies > [noun] > cork-oak cork-treec1440 suber1579 cork1601 alcornoque1821 cork oak1873 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > [noun] > oak as timber tree > cork-tree cork-treec1440 cork1601 alcornoque1821 cork oak1873 1601 R. Chester Loves Martyr 95 The Hollyholme, the Corke. 1814 R. Southey Roderick xi The vine..clinging round the cork And ilex, hangs amid their dusky leaves. 5. Botany. A peculiar tissue in the higher plants, forming the inner division of the bark (which name is sometimes restricted to the dead tissues lying outside the cork); it consists of closely-packed air-containing cells, nearly impervious to air and water, and protects the underlying tissues. ΚΠ 1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. i. ii. §15. 80 The formation of cork is very frequently continuous..when this occurs uniformly over the whole circumference, there arises a stratified cork-envelope, the Periderm, replacing the epidermis, which is in the meantime generally destroyed. 1880 W. R. McNab Bot.: Outl. Morphol. & Physiol. ii. 39 All tissues external to the layers of cork, die and dry up, forming a strong..protecting tissue, the bark. II. transferred. †6. Used by Grew for the ‘head’ or torus of some fruits, as apples, pears, gooseberries, bearing the withered remains of the floral leaves. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1672 N. Grew Anat. Veg. vi. 151 Ten [branches] are spred..through the Parenchyma [of the apple], all enarching themselves towards the Cork or Stool of the Flower. 1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants iv. iii. ii. 183 A straight Chanel or Ductus, which opens at the midle of the Cork or Stool of the Flower. 1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants iv. iii. ii. 183 [Quince] The Coar stands higher or nearer to the Cork... And the Ductus from the bottom of the Coar to the top of the Fruit, much more open and observable. 7. fossil cork, mountain-cork, rock-cork: names for a very light variety of asbestos. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > amphibole (double chain) > [noun] > asbestos quick-line1601 asbestos1608 earth flax1649 thrum-stone1681 fossil linen1797 cork-fossil1806 fossil cork1859 mountain-cork1859 rock-cork1859 byssus1864 1859 D. Page Handbk. Geol. Terms 316 Rock-Cork, a variety of asbestus whose fine fibres are so interlaced and matted as to give it the texture and lightness of cork..Often known as ‘mountain-cork’. 1859 D. Page Handbk. Geol. Terms 170 Fossil-Cork. 1868 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 5) 234 Mountain Leather is a kind [of asbestos] in thin flexible sheets, made of interlaced fibres; and mountain cork the same in thicker pieces. 8. figurative. Applied to a person. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > light-mindedness > [noun] > person flippera1400 butterflya1500 dalliera1568 fling-brain1570 barmy-froth1598 inconsiderate1598 cork1601 cork-brain1630 kickshaw1644 shatter-brain1719 shatter-pate1775 shatter-wit1775 scatter-brain1790 flutter-pate1894 Jack-o'-wisp1896 ditz1984 1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. iv. sig. F4 A slight bubling spirit, a Corke, a Huske. a1631 J. Donne Poems (1650) 7 I can love..Her who still weeps with spungie eies, And her who is dry corke, and never cries. 9. Scottish colloquial. A small employer or master tradesman; an overseer of foreman. [Perhaps not the same word.] ΚΠ 1832 J. D. Carrick in Whistle-Binkie 1st Ser. 27 An' our cork when he's slack, Will gie ye a hint when he's takin on han's. 1856 J. Strang Glasgow & its Clubs 129 The corks or small manufacturers of Anderston. Compounds C1. attributive or as adj. Made of or with cork as cork sole. (Sometimes with hyphen.) ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > cork > [adjective] > made of cork corken1625 cork1716 1716 London Gaz. No. 5466/4 His Left Foot Shoe-heel half a Quarter of a Yard high, a Cork-sole answerable. 1766 S. Clark Leadbetter's Royal Gauger (ed. 6) ii. iii. 241 A Cork Plate or Plum, for taking Gauges of Ale or Beer. 1776 Ann. Reg. 1775 82 Providing themselves with cork-belts and cork-collars. 1873 Young Englishwoman June 280/2 [Bathing] Shoes..are made of the same material as the rest of the costume..a light cork sole being sewn on outside the material. 1886 Offic. Guide Museums Econ. Bot. Kew 144 A Cork hat, as used in Portugal. 1889 Times 18 Feb. 5 A dark-complexioned young man..with a cork-leg. C2. General attributive. cork-band n. ΚΠ 1615 E. Sharpe Britaines Busse sig. B3^v Those 60 Corkes must haue 60 Corke-bands to tye them to the Net. cork-bark n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > cork > [noun] cork-barkc1440 cork1570 corkwood1770 suber1873 velvet-cork1883 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 93 Corkbarke, cortex. cork-cambium n. ΚΠ 1880 W. R. McNab Bot.: Outl. Morphol. & Physiol. ii. 38 The cork cambium forms new annual rings, as the ordinary cambium forms rings of wood. cork-cell n. ΚΠ 1882 S. H. Vines tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 107 Thus arises..a layer of cells..which continues to form new cork-cells, the Cork-cambium or layer of Phellogen. cork-crop n. ΚΠ 1842 R. Browning Soliloquy Spanish Cloister ii Not a plenteous cork-crop. cork-hole n. ΚΠ 1743 W. Ellis London & Country Brewer (ed. 2) III. 199 Stopping it up..excepting the Top vent or Cork-hole. cork-layer n. ΚΠ 1859 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. V. 480/2 The cork-layer of the vegetable integument. cork-tissue n. ΚΠ 1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. i. ii. §15. 90 When succulent organs..are injured, the wound generally becomes closed up by cork-tissue. C3. Objective. cork-bearing adj. ΚΠ 1760 J. Ellis in Philos. Trans. 1759 (Royal Soc.) 51 210 Acorns of the Cork-bearing oak. cork-borer adj. ΚΠ 1854 J. Scoffern in Orr's Circle Sci., Chem. Chem. 291 Each of these cork-borers is a brass tube. cork-boring n. ΚΠ 1854 J. Scoffern in Orr's Circle Sci., Chem. Chem. 356 In the way of cork-boring. cork-drawer n. ΚΠ 1808 M. L. Weems Life G. Washington (ed. 6) vii. 48 Mere cork-drawers and songsters. cork-forming adj. ΚΠ 1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. i. ii. §15. 91 The Lenticels are a peculiarity of cork-forming Dicotyledons. cork-maker n. ΚΠ 1862 J. W. Carlyle Lett. III. 129 That absurd corkmaker. C4. Parasynthetic. cork-barked adj. ΚΠ 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 1188 at Ulmus The Cork-barked Elm is in habit intermediate between the common and wych elms. C5. See also cork-cutter n., cork-jacket n., etc. Categories » cork-board n. a kind of cardboard, made by mixing ground cork with the paper pulp, used as a non-conductor of heat, etc. † cork-brain n. Obsolete a light-headed or giddy person. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > light-mindedness > [noun] > person flippera1400 butterflya1500 dalliera1568 fling-brain1570 barmy-froth1598 inconsiderate1598 cork1601 cork-brain1630 kickshaw1644 shatter-brain1719 shatter-pate1775 shatter-wit1775 scatter-brain1790 flutter-pate1894 Jack-o'-wisp1896 ditz1984 1630 J. Taylor Wks. ii. 173/2 Some Giddy-headed Corkbrains. † cork-brained adj. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > light-mindedness > [adjective] lightlyeOE lightOE lightsomea1425 flying1509 light-minded?1529 tickle or light of the sear?1530 giddya1547 light-headed1549 gidded1563 giddish1566 fling-brained1570 tickle-headed1583 toyish1584 shallow1594 leger1598 corky1601 barmy1602 airy1609 unfirma1616 unballast1622 cork-brained1630 unballasted1644 kickshawa1655 unserious1655 unstudious1663 flirtishc1665 caper-witteda1670 shatter-headedc1686 corky-brained1699 flea-lugged1724 halokit1724 shatter-brained1727 scattered-brained1747 shatter-witted1775 flippant1791 butterfly-brained1796 scatter-brained1804 gossamer1806 shandy-pated1806 shattery1820 barmy-brained1823 papilionaceous1832 flirtatious1834 flirty1840 Micawberish1859 scatterheaded1867 flibberty-gibberty1879 thistledown1897 shatter-pated1901 trivial-minded1905 scattery1924 fizgig1928 ditzy1979 1630 J. Taylor Wks. An upstart corke-braind Jacke. cork carpet n. a kind of floor-cloth composed of ground cork, india-rubber, and gutta-percha. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > floor-covering > [noun] > floorcloth > types of wax-cloth1816 linoleum1878 corticine1880 cork carpet1906 lino1907 cork lino1909 spit and sawdust1937 1906 M. H. Baillie-Scott Houses & Gardens x. 30 The [bathroom] floor will perhaps be covered with..a cork carpet. 1959 Chambers's Encycl. VIII. 587/1 Cork carpet is similar to plain linoleum but made of larger cork granules with a low pigment content, thus producing a softer and warmer floorcovering, but one more difficult to keep clean. cork-elm n. (a) the rock elm, Ulmus thomasii; (b) the winged elm, Ulmus alata. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > elms > [noun] wycheOE elmc1000 ulm-treec1000 witch hazela1400 all-heart1567 ulme1567 white elm1580 wych elm1582 witchen1594 weeping elm1606 trench-elm1676 smooth-leaved elm1731 witch elm1731 water elm1733 slippery elm1748 Scotch elm1769 wahoo1770 American elm1771 red elm1805 witches' elm1808 moose elm1810 cork-elm1813 rock elm1817 swamp elm1817 planer tree1819 Jersey elm1838 winged elm1858 sand elm1878 Exeter-elm1882 1813 H. Muhlenberg Catal. Plantarum Americæ Septentrionalis 29 Cork elm. Ulmus alata. 1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants 259 Ulmus racemosa, American Cork Elm. 1931 W. N. Clute Common Names Plants 26 The plant usually regarded as the true wahoo, is the plant often called the burningbush..but..the cork elm (Ulmus racemosa), and the basswood..also bear the name. cork-faucet n. (see quot.). ΚΠ 1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Cork-faucet, one adapted to be inserted through a cork, to draw the contents of a bottle. † cork-fossil n. Obsolete = fossil cork at sense 7. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > amphibole (double chain) > [noun] > asbestos quick-line1601 asbestos1608 earth flax1649 thrum-stone1681 fossil linen1797 cork-fossil1806 fossil cork1859 mountain-cork1859 rock-cork1859 byssus1864 1806 G. Gregory Dict. Arts & Sci. I. 437 Cork-fossil..a kind of stone..somewhat resembling vegetable cork. cork-heeled adj. having the heels fitted with cork; †also figurative light-heeled, wanton. ΚΠ 1630 T. Dekker Second Pt. Honest Whore iii. i. 176 Oh who would trust your corcke-heeld sex? ?c1700 Ballad ‘Sir P. Spens’ Oour Scots nobles wer richt laith To weet their cork-heild-shoone. cork-leather n. a fabric of cork and leather; also of cork and india-rubber. ΚΠ 1886 W. A. Harris Techn. Dict. Fire Insurance Cork-leather, which is waterproof and very elastic, is cork-powder consolidated with india~rubber. cork lino n. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > floor-covering > [noun] > floorcloth > types of wax-cloth1816 linoleum1878 corticine1880 cork carpet1906 lino1907 cork lino1909 spit and sawdust1937 1909 J. Joyce Let. 23 Dec. (1966) II. 280 Try to get some ‘cork-lino’ for kitchen. 1970 Univ. Coll. (Oxford) Record V. v. 315 The old cork-lino was replaced everywhere. cork linoleum n. linoleum made from canvas backed with a mixture of linseed oil and ground cork. ΚΠ 1909 Daily Chron. 11 June 7/2 ‘Cork Linoleum’ has to most people meant merely, or chiefly, a kind of trade mark. cork-machine n. a machine for making corks. cork oak n. the tree Q. Suber, a native of southern Europe and northern Africa, the bark of which furnishes cork. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > oak and allies > [noun] > cork-oak cork-treec1440 suber1579 cork1601 alcornoque1821 cork oak1873 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > [noun] > oak as timber tree > cork-tree cork-treec1440 cork1601 alcornoque1821 cork oak1873 1873 Princess Alice in Mem. (1884) 300 Cypresses, stone pines, large cork oaks. cork-pine n. (see quots.). ΚΠ 1873 Atlas of Michigan Pref. 20 The soft or ‘cork’ pine, so called from the resemblance in softness and texture of the wood to..cork. 1879 Lumberman's Gaz. 15 Oct. Valuable cork pine timber. cork-press n. ΚΠ 1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Cork-press, one in which a cork..is rendered elastic, to enable it the more readily to enter the neck of a bottle. cork-pull n. an instrument for extracting a cork which has gone down into the bottle (E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech.). cork-tipped adj. of a cigarette: having a filter of a cork-like substance at one end; also absol. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > smoking > articles or materials used in smoking > [adjective] > type of cigarette bird's eye1877 gold-tipped1890 mentholated1895 cork-tipped1907 king-size1909 roll-your-own1911 tailor-made1924 filter-tipped1927 king-sized1940 roll-up1948 filterless1956 tipped1964 untipped1968 unfiltered1976 1907 Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 67/3 Cigarettes... Finest quality cork tipped. 1924 A. E. M. Foster London Restaurants 25 If you find your cigarette stick to your lips you had much better get them cork-tipped. 1928 Punch 22 Feb. p. ii (advt.) Really nice girls smoke Player's Cork-Tipped. 1945 ‘L. Lewis’ Birthday Murder (1951) v. 63 Mrs. Saxe, smoking a cork-tipped cigarette. 1969 ‘J. Fraser’ Cock-pit of Roses xix. 150 Give us some cigs...twenty of the cork-tipped. cork-wing n. name of a fish, Crenilabrus melas or cornubicus. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Labrioidei (wrasse) > [noun] > family Labridae > member of genus Crenilabrus (gilt-head) aurata?1527 peacock of the sea?1527 gilthead1538 cunner1602 golden-poll1655 peacock fish1661 sea-roach1668 goldsinnya1705 goldfinny1795 golden maid1814 cork-wing1836 1836 W. Yarrell Hist. Brit. Fishes I. 296 Corkwing... The goldfinny..is not confined to the western part of England. 1868 Chambers's Encycl. at Wrasse The cork~wing is not unfrequent on the southern shores of England. Draft additions September 2008 figurative. colloquial (originally and chiefly U.S.). to pop (also blow) one's cork: to lose one's temper, fly into a rage; to lose self-control. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > violent emotion > be affected with violent emotion [verb (intransitive)] ragea1400 to blow one's top1928 to go haywire1929 to pop (also blow) one's cork1938 to flip one's lid (also wig)1950 wig1955 to go ballistic1981 the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (intransitive)] > become angry wrethec900 wrothc975 abelghec1300 to move one's blood (also mood)c1330 to peck moodc1330 gremec1460 to take firea1513 fumec1522 sourdc1540 spitec1560 to set up the heckle1601 fire1604 exasperate1659 to fire up1779 to flash up1822 to get one's dander up1831 to fly (occasionally jump, etc.) off (at) the handle1832 to have (also get) one's monkey up1833 to cut up rough, rusty, savage1837 rile1837 to go off the handle1839 to flare up1840 to set one's back up1845 to run hot1855 to wax up1859 to get one's rag out1862 blow1871 to get (also have) the pricker1871 to turn up rough1872 to get the needle1874 to blaze up1878 to get wet1898 spunk1898 to see red1901 to go crook1911 to get ignorant1913 to hit the ceiling1914 to hit the roof1921 to blow one's top1928 to lose one's rag1928 to lose one's haira1930 to go up in smoke1933 hackle1935 to have, get a cob on1937 to pop (also blow) one's cork1938 to go hostile1941 to go sparec1942 to do one's bun1944 to lose one's wool1944 to blow one's stack1947 to go (also do) one's (also a) dingerc1950 rear1953 to get on ignorant1956 to go through the roof1958 to keep (also blow, lose) one's cool1964 to lose ita1969 to blow a gasket1975 to throw a wobbler1985 1938 Amer. Speech 13 156/2 Pop your cork, loose [sic] your temper. 1947 R. O. Boyer Dark Ship 283 The captain blew his cork. I thought he was going to shoot us. 1949 F. Loesser Hamlet (song) in Compl. Lyrics (2003) 151/1 Ophelia, overcome with such grief and sorrow, She went and flipped her lid, She popped her cork, She jumped the track. 1991 J. Marsden Lett. from Inside (1992) 138 What you said about Steve, I'd be worried. He sounds like he's blown his cork. 2004 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 6 Apr. 1 c Calhoun popped his cork. Every mistake they made left him fuming, screaming at his players in view of the world. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2022). corkn.² /kɔːk/ Forms: Also Middle English–1500s corke, 1500s corck, 1600s korck. Etymology: apparently a contraction of corkir n., < Gaelic and Irish corcur, originally ‘purple’, hence, the lichen yielding a purple dye. Corcur was < Latin purpur, with Goidelic change of p to c, as in Latin planta, Irish cland, clann, Latin pascha, Gaelic casga, caisg. A purple or red dye-stuff obtained from certain lichens growing on rocks in Scotland and the north of England; = cudbear n.Lightfoot, Flora Scotica (1789) 818, has Lichen omphalodes as ‘Dark purple Dyer's Lichen; Cork or Arcell. Crotal of the Gaels’, and L. tartareus (now Lecanora tartarea) as ‘Large yellow-saucer'd Dyer's Lichen; Corcar of the Gaels’. Both of these produce cudbear. ‘Cork’ has also been more or less identified with archil n. or Orchil, a foreign dye-stuff of similar origin; see quot. 1483. (See Paper by Dr. J. Hammond Trumbull, in Proc. Amer. Philol. Assoc. (1877) 19.) ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > purple or purpleness > purple dye or pigment > [noun] turnsole1375 cork1483 jarecork1483 orchil1483 purple1519 purpurisse1519 archil1551 waycoriant1658 orchilla1703 cudbear1772 purple lake1785 imperial purple1788 mauve?1796 phenicin1823 French purple1830 indigo-purple1838 mauve1859 Perkin's mauve1859 violine1859 mauveine1863 purple of Cassiusc1865 tyroline1867 Paris violet1868 Hofmann violet1869 methyl violet1873 punicin1879 crystal violet1885 chrome violet1892 mineral violet1913 Monastral1936 manganese purple1937 1483 Act 1 Rich. III c. 8 §3 Diers..usen to dye..Clothes with Orchell and Corke brought from beyonde the See called Jare cork. c1485 Crafte of lymnynge in Early Eng. Misc. (Warton Soc.) 90 Whenne hit is alle-moste at boylynge, caste in ȝour corke. 1532–3 Act 24 Hen. VIII c. 2 Good and sufficient corke or orchall. 1551 W. Turner New Herball sig. P j^v This is called in London archall and the dyers vse it to dy withall. The Northenmen about blakamore where as it groweth calleth it cork, it groweth ther like a mos vpon stones. 1634 H. Peacham Gentlemans Exercise (new ed.) i. xxiii. 79 The principall blewes..in use are, Blew Bice. Smalt..Korck or Orchall. 1759 Philos. Trans. 1758 (Royal Soc.) 50 677 The cork or arcel, which is used by the Scotch..to dye a purple or scarlet colour. 1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants Cork, Lecanora tartarea and Rocella tinctoria. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2021). † corkn.³ Etymology: Variant of colk n.¹, possibly influenced in spelling by association with core n.¹ Obsolete. 1. The ‘colk’ or core of an apple, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > fruit or reproductive product > [noun] > parts of > core colk1340 core1398 corkc1440 crokec1450 columella1760 column1776 columel1828 the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > [noun] > parts of fruit > core colk1340 core1398 corkc1440 c1440 Anc. Cookery in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 448 Appuls and peres clene pared, and the corke tane out. c1450 Two Cookery-bks. 106 Toke 30 coynes and x wardones, and pare hem, and drawe out the corkes at eyther end. Categories » 2. plural. ‘Cinders, Lancashire’ (Halliwell). Cf. coke n.¹, core n.¹ 2. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021). corkcorlkn.⁴ Etymology: Alteration of or error for cauk n. = cauk n. ΚΠ 1793 Ann. Agric. 19 476 An imperfect chalk-marl, or a cork, that is a hard chalk. 1846 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 7 ii. 450 The lower beds of hard chalk, provincially called corlk. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021). corkn.⁵ Etymology: Irregular form of calk n.¹ = calk n.¹ ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > shoeing of horses > [noun] > horseshoe > parts of horseshoe calkin1445 sponge1566 stopping1566 calk1587 spurn1696 quarter1727 welt1758 heel1770 cock1789 cork1806 seating1831 toe-weight1901 1806 N. Webster Compend. Dict. Eng. Lang. Cork, a sharp point on a horse shoe. 1846 W. T. Porter Quarter Race Kentucky 162 I then just took my old mare down to a blacksmith's shop, and had some shoes made with ‘corks’ about four inches long, and had 'em nailed on to her hind feet. 1902 S. E. White Blazed Trail xxvii. 187 His face and flesh were ripped and torn everywhere by the ‘corks’ on the boots. 1922 H. Titus Timber ix. 82 He..sharpened the corks, handling the foot gear with an odd excitement. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online March 2018). corkv.¹ /kɔːk/ Etymology: < cork n.¹: in various uses, having no connection with each other. I. Generally: to provide with something made of cork. †1. a. transitive. To furnish (a shoe) with a cork sole or heel. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > making footwear > make footwear [verb (transitive)] > furnish with heel or sole > with specific type of heel or sole underlay?1515 cork1580 1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Liéger des pantoufles, to corcke slippers. 1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) ix. xlvii. 220 Then wore they Shooes of ease, now of an inch-broad, corked hye. 1834 J. R. Planché Hist. Brit. Costume 268 The [shoes and slippers of the men] ‘corked’..and richly ornamented. b. To provide or fit with a cork (as a float). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > net > fishing nets [verb (transitive)] > provide a float cork1641 1641 S. Smith Herring-bvsse Trade 11 They are to bring the Nets to their ropes, and..Corke them, and make them in all respects fit. II. To stop with a cork. 2. a. To stop (a bottle, cask, etc.) with, or as with, a cork; and so to confine or shut up (the contents of a bottle, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)] > close an aperture or orifice > with a plug or stopper to make a stoupaille of1426 bung1600 plug1630 cork1659 spile1691 stopple?1795 stopper1827 stopper1869 1659 E. Gayton Art Longevity 20 In bottles close Corkt up a prisner. 1744 G. Berkeley Let. Tar-water §2 Keep it in bottles, well corked. 1760 J. Ellis in Philos. Trans. 1759 (Royal Soc.) 51 209 Then cork the bottle. 1807 T. Thomson Syst. Chem. (ed. 3) II. 334 He corked it up, and kept it some time. b. transferred. To stop up as with a cork; to shut up like the contents of a bottle. Also with down. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)] > close an aperture or orifice ditc1000 shut1362 steekc1380 stopc1400 quirt1532 to close up1542 to fill up1598 unspar1611 caulk1616 cork1650 busha1659 instop1667 close1697 1650 [see corking n. at Derivatives]. 1739 J. Sparrow tr. H. F. Le Dran Observ. Surg. lxvi. 232 The Fat had corked up the Extremity. 1824 T. Medwin Conv. with Byron (1832) II. 45 Rogers had composed some very pretty commendatory verses on me; but they were kept corked up for many long years. 1860 F. W. Robinson Grandmother's Money vi. viii If you will only listen to your lord and husband's conversation with these good gentlemen, and cork the sentimental down, we shall soon be Darby and Joan again. 1894 Outing 24 220/1 The descriptions of the lion usually corked down in the ‘animal books’. 1916 W. Owen Let. 1 Feb. (1967) 377 We were corked down in those subways for close on 3 hours. III. To blacken with cork. 3. To blacken with burnt cork. ΚΠ 1836 [implied in: T. Hook Gilbert Gurney II. iv. 205 With their..painted cheeks, corked whiskers, and chalked necks. (at corked adj. 3)]. Derivatives ˈcorking n. (of wines) the action or process of becoming corked (see corked adj. 4). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > [noun] > closing or shutting > closing up a vessel > in specific way corking1650 capsuling1886 the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > wine-making > [noun] > corking corking1904 1650 H. More Second Lash of Alazonomastix 51 The corking-up close of the urine of a bewitched party. 1891 Daily News 23 Sept. 5/4 Bottles, corks, corking apparatus, and other appliances used in manufacturing sparkling wines. 1904 Lancet 18 June 1758/2 ‘Corking’ in wines or other fluids. 1920 G. Saintsbury Notes on Cellar-bk. xiii. 199 That plague of the cellar-owner, ‘corking’. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † corkv.² Forms: In Middle English korke. Etymology: < cork n.² Obsolete. rare. transitive. To treat with ‘cork’ (the dye-stuff). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > purple or purpleness > turning purple > make purple [verb (transitive)] purple?a1475 corkc1485 impurpure1554 bepurple1582 empurple1590 violet1623 purpurize1632 purpurate1642 c1485 Crafte of Lymnynge in Early Eng. Misc. (Warton Soc.) 90 After hit is y-maderyd, ȝe moste korke hit..for if ȝe wolle korky crymsons, ȝe moste..whenne hit is alle-moste at boylynge, caste in ȝour corke. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021). corkv.³ Etymology: Irregular form of caulk v. = caulk v. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > shipbuilding and repairing > build a ship [verb (transitive)] > fit out or equip > make watertight > caulk caulk?a1500 stop1535 calfreta1600 cork1684 horse up1850 1684 Bucaniers Amer. ii. (1698) 53 The merchants ..will not entrust one penny worth of goods on that man's vessel that corks her. 1776 G. Semple Treat. Building in Water 102 Corking any Leakages that may happen to appear. 1776 G. Semple Treat. Building in Water 108 Scrape the Joints..and..cork them with the shavings of Lead. 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xxxii. 449 After corking up all openings with snow. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2018). corkv.⁴ Etymology: Irregular form of calk v.² transitive. = calk v.² ΚΠ 1776 in New Jersey Archives (1901) 2nd Ser. I. 166 A chestnut sorrel mare,..shod before, shoes are steel corked. 1806 N. Webster Compend. Dict. Eng. Lang. Cork, v.t.,..to form sharp points or shoe with points. a1817 T. Dwight Trav. New-Eng. & N.-Y. (1821) II. 217 The clay.., unless a horse is corked, is dangerous both to him and the rider. 1829 Virginia Lit. Museum 16 Dec. 419 To cork, to shoe a horse with points—or with frost nails. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online September 2018). < n.¹c1440n.²1483n.³c1440n.⁴1793n.⁵1806v.¹1580v.²c1485v.³1684v.⁴1776
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corkn.1

Compounds

Draft additions September 2008

corkn.2

† corkn.3

corkcorlkn.4

corkn.5

corkv.1

Derivatives

† corkv.2

corkv.3

corkv.4

corkn.¹

corkn.²

† corkn.³

corkcorlkn.⁴

corkn.⁵

corkv.¹

† corkv.²

corkv.³

corkv.⁴