单词 | conjugate |
释义 | conjugateadj.n. A. adj. I. Joined together, conjoined. 1. a. Joined together, esp. in a pair, coupled; connected, related. (In quot. 1552 = united in marriage.) ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > married person > [adjective] wedded?a800 spousedc1300 weda1400 marriedc1400 boundenc1426 conjugate1471 nuptial?1585 yoked1607 continuous1642 wedlock-bound1667 coupled1672 conjugated1690 partnered1775 mated1821 attached1898 the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > two > pair > [adjective] double1393 coupledc1440 conjugate1471 duplicate?a1475 jumellec1475 gemel1497 geminate1589 paired1595 fellowed1654 duplicatory1659 gemellous1697 dyadic1728 duplex1817 Siamese twins1829 parial1849 dyad1869 duadic1879 pairwise1913 duplicitous1985 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > [adjective] > coupled or yoked together coupledc1440 conjugate1471 yokedc1540 fellow-yoked1620 jugated1727 the world > relative properties > relationship > [adjective] > related or connected fastOE of kin1486 akin1548 alliant1551 consortinga1592 kin1600 conjugate1605 consanguineousa1616 social1620 related1623 relatea1627 connex1653 cognate1655 agnate1686 contiguous1770 connected1789 allied1794 adjoining1869 1471 G. Ripley Compound of Alchymy iv, in E. Ashmole Theatrum Chem. Britannicum (1652) 144 Soe be they together surely conjugate. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Bastard begotten betwene base and gentle, or betwene coniugate and single, spurius. 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Ii4v Humane Philosophy..hath two parts: The one considereth Man segregate, or distributiuely: The other congregate or in societie. So as humane philosophy is either simple and particvlar, or coniugate and Ciuile. View more context for this quotation 1879 C. M. Ingleby & L. T. Smith Shakespeare's Cent. Prayse (ed. 2) 177 The conjugate use of ‘whilst’ and ‘then’ in these verses is, to say the least, very unusual. b. Bibliography. (See quot. 1927.) ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > leaves or pages of book > [adjective] > of two leaves forming single piece of paper conjugate1881 1881 B. F. Westcott & F. J. A. Hort New Test. in Orig. Greek II. Introd. iii. 213 Three pairs of conjugate leaves. 1927 R. B. McKerrow Introd. Bibliogr. i. iii. 27 Two leaves which ‘belong to one another’, i.e. if traced into and out of the back of the book are found to form a single piece of paper, are said to be ‘conjugate’. 1957 N. R. Ker Catal. MSS containing Anglo-Saxon p. xxii The eight leaves forming the quire are four conjugate pairs (i.e. four sheets), 1–8, 2–7, 3–6, and 4–5. 1968 Bodl. Libr. Rec. 8 81 Quire iv consists only of two conjugate leaves. 2. Grammar. Applied to words which are directly derived from the same root or stem, and therefore usually of kindred meaning; as wise, wisely, wisdom. [ < Latin conjugata verba.] ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > word-formation > [adjective] > derivative > derived from the same root paronymous1656 conjugate1862 cognate1868 paronymic1890 1862 G. P. Marsh Lect. Eng. Lang. (new ed.) i. 18 Our word language has no conjugate adjective. 1862 G. P. Marsh Lect. Eng. Lang. (new ed.) xxvi. 421 Cost and costly..are strictly conjugate. 1864 F. C. Bowen Treat. Logic ix. 277 Another source of ambiguity is the supposition that paronymous or conjugate words—as the substantive, verb, adjective, and adverb formed from the same root—necessarily agree in meaning. 3. Chemistry. a. In conjugate compound, conjugate acid, conjugate radical: see quots. ΚΠ 1882 H. Watts Dict. Chem. II. 8 [quoting Laurent and Gerhardt] We designate as conjugate compounds all such as are formed by the direct union of two bodies, with elimination of water, and are capable of reproducing the original bodies by again taking up the elements of water. 1882 H. Watts Dict. Chem. II. 10 Another class of acids to which the term conjugate is still sometimes applied, includes those which result from a peculiar action of sulphuric acid..on certain organic bodies. b. conjugate solution n. one of two solutions which are in equilibrium at a given temperature. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > solutions > [noun] > conjugate solution conjugate solution1909 1909 in Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. 1932 E. Gregory Metall. iii. 69 Such solutions as x1 and x2 which can exist in equilibrium with each other at a constant temperature are known as conjugate solutions. 1959 Chambers's Encycl. XII. 699/2 Mixtures of the alcohol and water in proportions corresponding to compositions between A and B will, after shaking, separate into these two ‘conjugate’ solutions A and B, which are in equilibrium with one another. 4. a. Botany. Said of leaves or (formerly) flowers which grow in pairs; spec. applied to a pinnate leaf having only one pair of leaflets. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > [adjective] > compound or lobed cut1565 winged1668 pinnate1687 conjugated1690 trifoliated1698 auriculated1712 auriculate1714 pennate1723 pinnated1725 pennated1727 bigeminate1753 lyrated1753 pedated1753 pinnatifid1753 supradecomposite1753 supradecompound1753 ternated1753 trifoliate1753 lyrate1760 pedate1760 quinate1760 ternate1760 tripinnate1760 palmed1767 bilobated1770 lyre-shaped1778 pennatifid1778 finger-parted1783 superdecompound1783 bipinnate1785 biternate1785 conjugate1785 lobed1787 tergeminate1793 wing-cleft1796 yoked?1803 binate1807 septenate1807 trijugous1813 auricled1821 pinniform1821 multijugous1828 pinnulate1828 trifoliolate1828 bipinnatifid1830 multifoliolate1831 multijugate1831 quinquefoliolate1832 bifoliolate1835 pinnatisected1837 palmatifid1839 tripinnatifid1839 foliate1840 palmatipartite1840 pinnatilobate1840 pinnatipartite1840 pinnatisect1840 bipinnated1842 biconjugate1847 imparipinnate1847 paripinnate1851 pinnatulate1855 polytomous1856 multifoliate1857 pennati-partite1857 pennati-sected1857 ternato-pinnate1857 tripinnatisect1857 patentoternate1859 septemfoliate1859 bipinnatipartite1861 bipinnatisected1861 bipalmate1864 pinnatilobed1866 septenous1866 cut-leaved1870 lobing1870 ternatisect1870 tripinnated1876 trijugate1880 jugate1887 pinnulated1890 trisect1899 tridigitate1900 trigeminous1900 1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xvi. 205 The leaves are double or conjugate, that is, come out in pairs. 1835 J. Lindley Introd. Bot. (1848) I. 261 The conjugate leaf of Zygophyllum. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. Conjugate, paired; when the petiole of a leaf bears one pair only of leaflets. b. conjugate foramen n. Anatomy a foramen or aperture at the junction of two bones, esp. vertebræ, formed by the apposition of opposite notches. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > joint > [noun] > aperture at conjugate foramen1870 1870 G. Rolleston Forms Animal Life 8 For the blood to pass out..by a conjugate foramen. 1870 G. Rolleston Forms Animal Life 141 Two alternately placed series of conjugate foramina. c. Biology. Said of the cells or filaments that have united in conjugation n. (sense A. 5). ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > physical arrangement or condition > [adjective] > attached or becoming united connated1578 indeciduous1646 adnate1648 confluent1823 connate1826 inserted1826 coadunate1839 conjugate1843 conjugating1851 coadnate1866 1843 tr. J. Müller Elements Physiol. II. 1505 In each of the conjugate filaments, some cells are the recipients, while others yield their contents to the opposite cell of the contiguous filament. 5. conjugate deviation n. Pathology the forced and persistent turning of both eyes to one side while their relation to each other remains unaltered. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > [noun] > disordered movement nystagmus1772 wandering1869 conjugate deviation1882 phoria1891 sursumduction1893 sursumvergence1897 oculogyric crisis1927 1882 Med. Temp. Jrnl. 78 There is no conjugate deviation of the eyes as often occurs in apoplexy. 1886 W. Stirling Text-bk. Human Physiol. (ed. 2) 849 In hemiplegia the muscles on one side are paralysed, so that the head and often the eyes are turned away from the paralysed side. This is called ‘conjugate deviation’ of the eyes, with rotation of the head and neck. II. Joined in a reciprocal relation. 6. Physics. Applied to two points, lines, quantities, or things, which are so reciprocally related that any or every property of the first with respect to the second is also true of the second with respect to the first.The corresponding Greek συζυγεῖς was first applied by Apollonius ( Conica 1. 56) to conjugate hyperbolas. a. Mathematics. (Here also applied in a secondary sense to that which is conjugate to the main element, e.g. in conjugate axis, diameter, point.) Of a complex number or quantity: differing from some given complex quantity in having the sign of the imaginary part reversed. conjugate axes or diameters (of a conic): two axes, etc., such that each is parallel to the tangent at the extremity of the other; in a conicoid, there are three conjugate diameters. conjugate axis (or diameter) of an ellipse or hyperbola: that which is conjugate to the transverse axis, the minor axis. conjugate function: see quots. conjugate hyperbolas: hyperbolas which have the same axes and asymptotes, but the principal axis of each is the second axis of the other. conjugate lines: two lines the pole of each of which, with respect to a conic, lies on the other. conjugate planes: see quot. 1862. conjugate point (of a curve): an isolated point whose coordinates satisfy the equation of the curve, an acnode (so also conjugate oval). conjugate points: points the polar of each of which, with respect to a conic, passes through the other. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > [adjective] > describing relationships between quantities > inverse reciprocal1570 reverse1594 inverse proportion1660 inverted1678 conjugate1680 conjugated1798 the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > [adjective] > prime > complex > conjugate conjugate1835 1680 J. Moore Doctr. of Sphere 67 This shall be the Conjugate Semidiameter of the Ellipsis. 1715 tr. D. Gregory Elements Astron. I. iii. §31. 438 To find the conjugate Diameters of an Ellipse, which passes thro' five given Points. 1806 C. Hutton Course Math. (ed. 5) II. 112 All the Parallelograms inscribed between the four Conjugate Hyperbolas are equal to one another. 1835 Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 1834 519 Mr. Hamilton proposes to consider a few properties of such Conjugate Functions, or Algebraic Couples, defining two functions to be conjugate when they satisfy the two equations of conjugation, and calling, under the same circumstances, the pair or couple (u, v) a function of the pair (x, y). 1862 G. Salmon Treat. Analytic Geom. Three Dimensions (1874) §71 Three diametral planes are said to be conjugate when each is conjugate to the intersection of the other two, and three diameters are said to be conjugate when each is conjugate to the plane of the other two. 1873 J. C. Maxwell Treat. Electr. & Magnetism I. xii. 227 Definition of Conjugate Functions. Two quantities α and β are said to be conjugate functions of x and y, if α + √−1 β is a function of x + √ − 1 y. 1876 Leishman Midwifery (ed. 2) ii. 34 The conjugate diameter [of the pelvis] is..increased from above downwards. 1880 C. Taylor Anc. & Mod. Geom. Conics 76 The conjugate axis of any central conic is occasionally called its minor axis. 1885 C. Leudesdorf tr. L. Cremona Elements Projective Geom. 47 Let A, B, C be the given points (lying on a straight line) and let A and B be conjugate to each other. 1891 G. L. Cathcart tr. A. Harnack Introd. Study Elem. Differential & Integral Calculus ii. iii. 153 If the equation have one complex root z = α + iβ, it has also the conjugate complex root z = α − iβ. 1908 G. H. Hardy Course Pure Math. iii. 82 The sum (2x) of two conjugate numbers and their product (x2 + y2) are both real. 1955 W. Pauli in W. Pauli Niels Bohr & Devel. Physics 30 The replacement of a function by its conjugate complex is not a ‘linear operator’. 1961 C. C. T. Baker Dict. Math. 73 Conjugate functions, if u + iv = f(x+ iy), then u and v are said to be conjugate functions. 1962 D. R. Corson & P. Lorrain Introd. Electromagn. Fields App. D. 517 These are the Cauchy-Riemann equations. The functions U and V are related to each other through these equations and are called conjugate functions. b. Optics. conjugate foci (of a mirror or lens): two points so situated that if a luminous point be placed at either, its rays are reflected or refracted to the other; so conjugate focal distance. conjugate mirrors: two parabolic mirrors so placed face to face that rays of heat or light emanating from the focus of either are reflected in parallel lines to the second and thence to its focus. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > emission of light, radiation > [adjective] > reciprocally joined conjugate1831 conjugated1871 1831 D. Brewster Treat. Optics i. 11 The points A and F have been called conjugate foci, because if either of them be the radiant point the other will be the focal point. 1832 D. Brewster Lett. Nat. Magic iv. 85 The two conjugate focal distances of the lens. 1881 W. Tyndall in Nature 17 Feb. 375/1 The silvered mirrors..acting sometimes singly and sometimes as conjugate mirrors. c. As in conjugate branch (of a divided circuit), conjugate current, etc.: see quots. (Formerly used in a more general sense.) ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > circuit > [adjective] > in reciprocal relation conjugate branch1783 1783 Philos. Trans. 1782 (Royal Soc.) 72 App. p. xxi. (transl. Volta) When an insulated conductor is opposed or presented to another conductor whatever, I call it a conjugate conductor. 1881 J. C. Maxwell Treat. Electr. & Magnetism (ed. 2) I. 367 If there be more possible electrodes than two, the conductor may have more than one independent current through it, and these may not be conjugate to each other. 1882 J. D. Everett Deschanel's Elem. Treat. Nat. Philos. (ed. 6) 738 When this condition is fulfilled, the remaining pair of opposite branches are conjugate, that is to say, a battery in one produces no current in the other. 1882 J. D. Everett Deschanel's Elem. Treat. Nat. Philos. (ed. 6) §759 When there is equality between the two products of opposite resistances..the current in either of the two remaining branches will be independent of the electro-motive force of the battery in the other; and these two branches are still said to be conjugate. B. n. 1. One of a group of words directly derived from the same root or stem, and usually of kindred meaning. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > word-formation > [noun] > derivation > state of being derived from same word > word which conjugatea1586 paronym1846 cognate1865 a1586 Answer to Cartwright 45 These be coniugates, an vnlawfull minister, and his vnlawfull ministerie. 1588 A. Fraunce Lawiers Logike i. xii. f. 50v Conjugates..as justice, just, justly. 1656 J. Bramhall in T. Hobbes Questions Liberty 63 We have learned in the rudiments of logick that conjugates are sometimes in name onely, and not in deed. 1836 Whewell Pref. Mackintosh's Eth. Philos. 18 The word utility, and its conjugates, do not express our judgments in cases of moral conduct. 1862 G. P. Marsh Lect. Eng. Lang. (new ed.) xxvi. 421 Few languages are richer than English in approximate synonyms and conjugates. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > [noun] > that which is related or has affinity brotherOE cousina1398 relativea1475 sistera1500 cousin-germanc1547 yokefellow1547 ally1566 affinitive1579 twin1592 conjugate1605 sympathizant1620 relatist1640 first cousin1670 family likeness1759 family resemblance1785 the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > idea, notion, or concept > [noun] > system of > connection > something connected conjugate1605 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Oo4 The cogitations of Man, doe fayne vnto them Relatiues, Parallelles, and Coniugates, whereas no such thinge is. View more context for this quotation 1663 J. Spencer Disc. Prodigies (1665) 46 A mighty imagination, which delights in easie conjugates, parallels, and symbolizing instances. Categories » 3. Chemistry. Short for conjugate compound, conjugate acid, or conjugate radical at sense A. 3a. 4. Mathematics. Short for conjugate axis, conjugate diameter, conjugate point at sense A. 6a, etc.: see A. 6a. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > [noun] > geometrical relation > element involved in conjugate1715 inverse curve1843 inverse1857 homoeomorph1926 1715 tr. D. Gregory Elements Astron. I. i. §39. 79 Draw a Tangent PZ, and a Diameter PM, and a conjugate to it ICK parallel to PZ. 1807 C. Hutton Course Math. (ed. 5) II. The Conjugate to any diameter, is the line drawn through the centre, and parallel to the tangent of the curve at the vertex of the diameter. 1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 302 A semi~ellipse, described on a conjugate equal to the width of the pier. 1885 C. Leudesdorf tr. L. Cremona Elements Projective Geom. 101 In an involution..the elements are conjugate to one another in pairs; i.e. each element has its conjugate. Draft additions 1993 (b) Of a pair of arcs or angles: totalling 360°. Of two elements of a matrix: differing in position by having row and column numbers interchanged. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > [adjective] > of geometrical relation reciprocal1570 regular1570 projectivea1652 semi-conjugate axis1743 homographic1859 symmetric1860 confocal1867 correlative1881 involutorial1885 conjugate1902 antisymmetrical1913 homoeomorphic1918 homotopic1918 isometric1952 1902 J. W. Mellor Higher Math. x. 411 When the two constituents of a determinant hold the same relative position with respect to the rows and columns, they are said to be conjugate. 1942 G. James & R. C. James Math. Dict. 11/1 Conjugate angles, two angles whose sum is a perigon; two angles whose sum is 360°. 1942 G. James & R. C. James Math. Dict. 46/1 Conjugate arcs, arcs whose sum is a complete circle. Draft additions 1993 Chemistry and Biochemistry. A conjugated compound. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > [noun] > compounds > types > conjugated compound maleic anhydride1857 conjugate1916 1916 A. P. Mathews Physiol. Chem. xvii. 759 Hippuric acid is a glycine conjugate, but there are many others. 1924 T. B. Robertson Princ. Biochem. (ed. 2) xxiii. 662 These substances are in themselves very toxic, but their conjugates with glucuronic acid are harmless. 1973 Nature 7 Dec. 350/2 The immunoglobin was..conjugated with fluorescein... Twenty microlitres of cells..was incubated with neat conjugate for 30 min at 20°C. 1988 Sci. Amer. Mar. 46/1 We synthesized such an analogue, coupled it to a carrier protein and immunized mice with the conjugate. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). conjugatev. 1. transitive. To yoke together, to couple; to join together, unite. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > join (together) [verb (transitive)] > couple or yoke together couplec1330 twinc1394 yokea1400 accouple1548 conjugate1570 ingeminate1609 incouple1611 jugate1623 adjugate1730 wive1886 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Di/1 To Coniugate, coniungare. a1639 Wotton in J. Gutch Collectanea Curiosa (1781) I. 216 Power and occasion to conjugate at pleasure the Norman and the Saxon Houses. 1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper iii. 173 Lyons, and Oxen, Asps, and young Children, (for thus the Text conjugates them) dwell together. 1675 N. Grew Compar. Anat. Trunks i. ii. 10 [The vessels of the bark] Conjugated or braced together in the form of Net-work. 2. Grammar. To inflect (a verb) in its various forms of voice, mood, tense, number, and person. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > inflection > inflect [verb (transitive)] > conjugate conjugate1530 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement Introd. 33 In the seconde boke, where I conjugate je parle and je conuertis at the length. c1620 A. Hume Of Orthogr. Britan Tongue (1870) ii. x. §10 These [verbs] our idiom conjugates onelie in tuo tymes, the tyme present and tym past. 1783 Gentleman's Mag. 53 i. 432 Can any of you all impart A rule to conjugate the heart; To shew its present, perfect, future, Its active, passive and its neuter. 1804 L. Murray Eng. Gram. (ed. 9) ii. vi. 109 These languages, like our own..sometimes conjugate with an auxiliary, and sometimes without it. 1871 J. Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue vi. 239 Whatever verb is invented or borrowed is naturally conjugated after the prevalent pattern. 3. intransitive. a. = conjoin v. 4c. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > engage in sexual activity [verb (intransitive)] > have sexual intercourse playOE to do (also work) one's kindc1225 bedc1315 couple1362 gendera1382 to go togetherc1390 to come togethera1398 meddlea1398 felterc1400 companya1425 swivec1440 japea1450 mellc1450 to have to do with (also mid, of, on)1474 engender1483 fuck?a1513 conversec1540 jostlec1540 confederate1557 coeate1576 jumble1582 mate1589 do1594 conjoin1597 grind1598 consortc1600 pair1603 to dance (a dance) between a pair of sheets1608 commix1610 cock1611 nibble1611 wap1611 bolstera1616 incorporate1622 truck1622 subagitate1623 occupya1626 minglec1630 copulate1632 fere1632 rut1637 joust1639 fanfreluche1653 carnalize1703 screw1725 pump1730 correspond1756 shag1770 hump1785 conjugate1790 diddle1879 to get some1889 fuckeec1890 jig-a-jig1896 perform1902 rabbit1919 jazz1920 sex1921 root1922 yentz1923 to make love1927 rock1931 mollock1932 to make (beautiful) music (together)1936 sleep1936 bang1937 lumber1938 to hop into bed (with)1951 to make out1951 ball1955 score1960 trick1965 to have it away1966 to roll in the hay1966 to get down1967 poontang1968 pork1968 shtup1969 shack1976 bonk1984 boink1985 1790 J. Williams Shrove Tuesday (1794) 12 When first I woo'd and won Your will to conjugate in Ceres' cot. b. Biology. To unite in conjugation n. (sense 5a). ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > physical arrangement or condition > [verb (intransitive)] > coalesce fuse1870 conjugate1872 1872 C. Darwin Origin of Species (ed. 6) iv. 81 Organic beings extremely low in the scale, which do not propagate sexually, nor conjugate. 1875 Contemp. Rev. 27 83 Any two cells may conjugate and combine their contents within a single cell. Draft additions 1993 4. transitive. Chemistry and Biochemistry. To combine (one compound) with another, usually of a different kind, to form a molecule in which the constituents retain their identity and from which they can be readily recovered. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical admixture or isolation > fix in combination [verb (transitive)] > conjugate conjugate1882 1882 [implied in: H. Watts Dict. Chem. II. 7 Dumas and Piria..designated [such acids] as ‘conjugated acids’. (at conjugated adj. b)]. 1900 J. A. Mandel tr. Hammarsten Text-bk. Physiol. Chem. (ed. 3) xv. 481 In birds..the acid is conjugated to another substance, ornithin. 1913 J. Walker Org. Chem. 302 Hæmoglobin..consists of the protein globin conjugated with the pyrrole derivative hæmatin. 1924 T. B. Robertson Princ. Biochem. (ed. 2) xxiii. 663 Lack of detoxication, of which the failure to conjugate phenols is an example. 1954 A. White et al. Princ. Biochem. viii. 143 Lipoproteins..are water-soluble proteins conjugated with lecithin, cholesterol, cephalin, etc. 1984 J. R. Tighe & D. R. Davies Pathol. (ed. 4) xvii. 167 The bilirubin becomes detached from the albumin and conjugated with glucuronic acid in the liver cell. 1987 Nursing Jan. 480/1 In newborn babies jaundice occurs..because the enzyme, glucuronyl transferase, which is required to conjugate bilirubin so that it can be excreted through the gut, is lacking. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2020). < adj.n.1471v.1530 |
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