aggregateadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈaɡrᵻɡət/,

/ˈaɡrᵻɡeɪt/, U.S.

/ˈæɡrəɡət/,

/ˈæɡrəˌɡeɪt/

Forms: Middle English agregat, Middle English 1600s aggregat, Middle English– aggregate, 1500s–1700s agregate.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin aggregātus, aggregāre.

Etymology: < classical Latin aggregātus (also 1687 or earlier in post-classical Latin in botanical use), past participle of aggregāre aggregate v. Compare later aggregated adj. With the specific uses as adjective in botany, geology, and zoology (see senses A. 3, A. 4, and A. 5) compare the corresponding uses of French agrégé , adjective and noun (a1778 as adjective in botanical use, in the source translated in quot. 1785 at sense A. 3; 1830 or earlier (in Cuvier) as noun in zoological use; 1845 as adjective in geological use). With the use as noun compare post-classical Latin aggregatum (neuter) group of words (c1444 in a British source), Middle French aggregat, French agrégat sum (1556 in an apparently isolated attestation), complex whole, mass, or body formed by the union of numerous units or particles (1745).

A. adj.

a. Constituted by the collection of many particles or units into one body, mass, or amount; collective, whole, total.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > [adjective] > constituting or comprising a whole

aggregatec1400

totalc1400

universal?a1425

gross1523

versal1599

outright1845

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > [adjective] > collecting into one mass or body > collected into one mass or body

aggregatec1400

consolidate1531

contracted1609

aggregated1615

congregate1626

consolidateda1850

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > [adjective] > collecting into one mass or body > constituted by

aggregatec1400

c1400 Omnis Plantacio (Egerton) l. 1942 in Wks. Lollard Preacher (2001) 94 In sum place in priuat persoone, and in sum place in comounte or persoone aggregat.

a1450 De Oblacione Iugis Sacrificii (Titus) l. 387 in Wks. Lollard Preacher (2001) 166 And as the world schapiþ now, it is to done to se houȝ a man obeiiþ to þe determinacion of þis grete aggregat person þat sittiþ in þe chirche in þe mater of þe sacrid ooste.

1627 G. Richardson Of State of Europe ix. 58 The League, and Vnion of the Switzers. This is an aggregate state, consisting of sundry different particulars, vnited onely in a generall league.

1659 J. Evelyn Mem. (1857) III. 116 Were I not an aggregate person, and so obliged..to provide for my dependents.

1685 R. Morden Geogr. Rectified 68 Polonia..is an aggregate Body consisting of many distinct Provinces.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 326 The state of Florence..formed the principal into an aggregate sum, called metaphorically a mount or bank, the shares whereof were transferrable like our stocks, with interest at 5 per cent.

1783 J. Tucker 4 Lett. Important National Subj. iv. 97 Mankind, taken in their aggregate or collective Capacity.

1824 T. F. Dibdin Libr. Compan. 15 Publications..of which the aggregate total is scarcely to be credited.

1859 Edinb. Rev. No. 223. 49 Or were they but the representatives of the aggregate Hellenic races?

1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. x. 165 After the Reformation estates became more aggregate and insulated.

1876 J. E. T. Rogers Man. Polit. Econ. (ed. 3) ii. 2 The aggregate amount of labour expended..is called the cost of production.

1911 Polit. Sci. Q. 26 751 Most of the accused entered pleas of nolo contendere and were fined an aggregate sum of nearly $150,000.

1995 Sci. & Public Affairs Winter 20/2 The value of ‘statistical life’ is taken to be the aggregate amount that a large group of people would be willing to pay for a safety measure that will, on average, save one life.

b. Law. Composed of many individuals united into one association.corporation aggregate: see corporation n. 5a.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > [adjective]

membral1603

aggregatea1625

associational1815

member1870

teleocratic1955

a1625 H. Finch Law (1627) 91 Corporations..whereof some are aggregate of many persons, that is to say, of a head and body: other consist in one singular person.

1637 P. Heylyn Briefe Answer Burton i. 4 Howsoever it be true, in ordinary course, that no man can be Judge in his own cause..yet it is otherwise in a body aggregate, or a publick person.

1726 J. Ayliffe Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani 427 As a Proctor has the Management of the Business of particular Individuals; so a Syndick manages the Affairs of aggregate Corporations.

1771 Act 11 Geo. III xix, in Enactments Parl. conc. Univ. Oxf. & Cambr. (1869) 78 Whether of University or City, aggregate or sole.

1781 C. Runnington Treat. Action of Ejectment 60 If a corporation be aggregate of many, they may set forth the demise in the declaration, without mentioning the christian name of the master or wardens of the corporation.

1862 Ld. Brougham Brit. Constit. (ed. 3) xvii. 272 Each chapter is a corporation aggregate, and each person is a corporation sole.

1910 A. N. Fitch New Commerc. Law 157 All business corporations are aggregate. In fact, in this country, we have no sole corporations. Corporations aggregate may be either religions or lay.

1996 Star-Ledger (Newark, New Jersey) (Nexis) 21 July (Perspective) 1 An inmate must convince first those responsible for his treatment, then the treatment staff acting as an aggregate body..before the case is forwarded to the State Board of Parole.

2. Grammar. Collective.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > other grammatical categories or concepts > [adjective] > expressing other relations or concepts

adversativec1450

commonc1450

concessive1653

local1662

aggregate1683

ecbatic1836

sociative1845

inversive1858

comitative1860

consecutive1871

conative1875

1683 J. Dryden Life Plutarch 34 in J. Dryden et al. tr. Plutarch Lives I One in the aggregate sense, as we say one Army, or one Body of Men, constituted of many individuals.

1757 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful v. §2. 169 Such as represent many simple ideas united by nature to form some one determinate composition, as man, horse, tree, castle, &c. These I call aggregate words.

1821 Cambro-Briton Apr. 355 The term ‘eigion’, by which ‘ocean’ is rendered, is an aggregate noun, derived from aig, which is employed to denote the ‘great deep’.

1882 Monthly Packet May 509 From the aggregate noun pecus sprang the Latin pecunia—money, a word which has its derivatives in almost every European language.

1904 W. Coxe Hist. Tour Monmouthshire App. 331 I shall proceed to state..the import of Llion to be, streams, torrents, or floodings, a term often used, in an aggregate sense, for any great body of water.

2007 O. M. Mladenova Definiteness in Bulgarian v. 315 This process, contributing to the alignment of abstract and mass nouns with singular count and aggregate nouns, was part of the reshuffling of divisibles and non-divisibles.

3. Botany. Of parts of a plant: collected into one mass; spec. (a) (of a flower) consisting of multiple florets united within a common calyx or involucre, as in scabious, honeysuckle, and valerian; (b) (of a fruit) developed from multiple carpels in a single flower and forming a united cluster of small fruits (berries, druplets, etc.), as a blackberry or raspberry.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > inflorescence or collective flower > [adjective] > formed into an inflorescence

tufted1629

capitated1682

coronated1682

capitate1687

aggregate1693

aggregated1706

1693 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 17 928 Such Trees and Shrubs, whose Flower and Fruit are Aggregate, as the Ficus.

1764 J. Berkenhout Clavis Anglica Linguæ Bot. at Aggregatus The part which in aggregate flowers is common to the whole, is either the Receptaculum or Calyx.

1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. vi. 70 An aggregate or capitate flower, or a head of flowers.

1836 A. Gray Elements Bot. ii. 20 Aggregate Fruits consist of several simple fruits clustered together upon the same receptacle, but not truly united or syncarpous.

1845 J. Lindley School Bot. (1858) iv. 42 Lobel's Catchfly, Flowers aggregate, tufted.

1886 G. Nicholson Illustr. Dict. Gardening IV. 311 Flowers..in the axils of the leaves, solitary or in few-flowered, aggregate cymes.

1916 W. F. Ganong Textbk. Bot. for Colleges i. vii. 352 In the..Raspberry the receptacle forms no part of the fruit, which is made up of the many separate aggregate carpels ripened to little drupes.

1994 S. Brill & E. Dean Identifying & Harvesting Edible & Medicinal Plants 96/2 This assemblage of tiny drupes, all from one flower, is the blackberry we know and love—an aggregate fruit.

2003 J. Eastman Bk. Field & Roadside 146 Look closely and you will see that a tiny, apparently individual flower of a goldenrod cluster actually consists of aggregate flowers arranged in the typical daisylike form.

4. Geology. Originally: composed of distinct minerals closely adhering or combined together (now rare). In later use: consisting of closely joined crystals; polycrystalline. Cf. sense B. 3 and aggregated adj. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > composite rock > [adjective] > aggregate

aggregate1752

aggregated1791

1752 Philos. Trans. 1749–50 (Royal Soc.) 46 218 The Rocks on the highest Mountains are an aggregate Stone of Lapides Calcarii, Spati, Quartzi, Micæ, &c.

1795 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 86 40 A compact aggregate substance, apparently compounded of quartz, ochraceous earth, chert, etc.

1848 Jrnl. Indian Archipel. & Eastern Asia 2 405 An aggregate stone or amygdaloid in laminæ, composed of particles of quartz united by a yellow, ochreous Iron-earth.

1903 Geol. Mag. 10 514 The carbonic acid freed itself more readily from the magnesia..converting the original dolomite into an aggregate calcite and periclase.

1948 R. M. Pearl Pop. Gemol. iii. 96 Carbonado or black diamond also has an aggregate structure but of a different kind.

1999 I. Kostov & R. I. Kostov Crystal Habits Minerals vi. 98 Shock-metamorphosed diamonds from impact craters..are platy, pseudohexagonal or of a complex aggregate nature.

5. Biology. Consisting of or derived from distinct organisms united to form a compound organism or colony. Also in figurative contexts.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > balance of nature > organisms in interrelationship > [adjective] > aggregate or colony

aggregate1792

aggregated1817

coloniala1835

1792 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 82 139 The female breeder [sc. a queen bee]..only influences the non-breeders by her presence..; it is her presence that makes them an aggregate animal.

1803 W. Bingley Animal Biogr. III. 567 Many of the species [of Vorticella] are found in groups, sometimes formed by the mere approximation of several individuals, and at other times by the ramified or aggregate manner in which they grow.

1835 W. Kirby On Power of God in Creation of Animals I. v. 164 All the polypes are aggregate animals.

1910 F. W. Coker Organismic Theories State ii. 55 Liberalism..regards the State also as an organism..; an aggregate organism..in which the organic position of the individuals does not necessarily remain fixed.

1978 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 75 2482/1 The association of both left- and right-handed helix macrofibers into an aggregate organism is the first of our attempts to create an organism of increased structural and developmental complexity.

2001 J. Kennedy & R. C. Eberhart Swarm Intelligence iii. 98 At this point they [sc. unicellular slime moulds] have lost their autonomy and exist only as cells in the aggregate organism.

6. Taxonomy. Designating an aggregate (sense B. 5); constituting or considered as an aggregate.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > variety or species > [adjective] > of types of varieties or species

old-fashioned1847

aggregate1859

isophorous1866

1859 H. C. Watson Cybele Britannica IV. ii. v. 64 Hence arise the differences as to aggregate and segregate species; some botanists combining more, other botanists dividing and subdividing on slighter differential characters.

1937 A. H. Wolley-Dod Flora Sussex 58 Arnold says that aggregate tricolor is rare in West Sussex, and all segregates of arvensis are rare in Div. VI.

1958 Brittonia 10 160 It goes without saying, that for critical work in ecology or phytogeography, accurate identification should always be aimed at; but in practice, the aggregate species will often have to be used.

2006 P. Sell & G. Murrell Flora Great Brit. & Ireland IV. 121/1 Until the start of the twentieth century only a few aggregate species of Taraxacum were recognised in western Europe.

B. n.

1. A complex whole, mass, or body formed by the union of numerous units or particles; an assemblage, a collection.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > aggregate > [noun]

aggregatea1425

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > state of being composite > [noun] > a composite thing or complex whole

aggregatea1425

wholec1450

partage1593

compagesa1638

complexa1652

composite1656

complexum1664

complicate1664

complexion1678

wholenessa1681

compagea1682

complication1750

synthesis1865

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > mass formed by collection of particles

aggregatea1425

aggregation1547

concentration1606

compositure1632

collective1655

conglomeration1697

agglutination1743

a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) II. 254 (MED) Þis agregat of þes alle ben þe first sect, newe comen in.

c1475 (c1445) R. Pecock Donet (1921) 106 (MED) Slouþe..is not oon specialist moral vice, but it conteyneþ an aggregat of manye diuers special moral vicis.

1555 E. Baynton Let. in E. Foxe Actes & Monuments (1583) II. 1748/2 I haue therefore desired them to take the payne to note theyr mindes in this letter whiche I send to you, as agregate of theyr sayinges.

1650 T. Hobbes De Corpore Politico 78 A Multitude considered as One Aggregate.

1666 R. Boyle Origine Formes & Qualities 45 Agitating Water into Froth..that Aggregate of small Bubbles.

1758 S. Johnson Idler 23 Dec. 297 Four is a certain aggregate of unites.

1776 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music I. 155 Resonance is but an aggregate of echos, or of quick repetitions and returns of the same sound.

1813 H. Davy Elements Agric. Chem. i. 8 The chemical elements acted upon by attractive powers combine in different aggregates.

1869 W. E. Gladstone Juventus Mundi v. 134 That marvellous aggregate which we know as the Greek nation.

1870 H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. (ed. 2) I. ii. i. 159 Mind..is a circumscribed aggregate of activities.

1878 P. Bayne Chief Actors Puritan Revol. ii. 28 He was an aggregate of confusions and incongruities.

1927 Phytopathology 17 161 Certain aggregates of symptoms in potatoes..are considered to be due to corresponding degeneration diseases or viroses.

2004 G. Woodward I'll go to Bed at Noon x. 177 In a National Health hospital everyone is levelled, as in a prison, to a common social strata, a sort of aggregate of all ages and classes.

2. A combined sum, sum total; (also) an aggregate score.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > enumeration, reckoning, or calculation > [noun] > result, sum

telc1000

tale?c1225

tailc1330

reckoningc1392

suma1400

aggregatec1443

count1483

sum total1549

total1557

computation1586

calculation1646

quotient1659

tally1674

amount1751

tot1755

summation1841

the world > relative properties > wholeness > the whole or all > [noun] > the whole quantity, number, or amount

fullOE

suma1382

universitya1382

your university1385

wholea1393

amountment?a1400

wholenessa1425

hale1437

aggregatec1443

rate1472

total1557

the whole ware1563

lump1576

gross1579

totality1598

universarya1604

general1608

population1612

amount1615

totum1656

totea1772

complete1790

factorial1869

collectivity1882

c1443 R. Pecock Reule of Crysten Religioun (1927) 231 (MED) His moral goodnes stondiþ needisli in þe aggregate and in þe togidere hauyng of dewe mater and of alle dewe and requirid circumstauncis..so it is þat, if oon be lacking, þere is not þe hool aggregate.

1656 tr. T. Hobbes Elements Philos. i. vi. 56 A Cause is the Summe or Aggregate of all such Accidents..as concurre to the producing of the Effect propounded.

1659 R. Boyle Some Motives & Incentives to Love of God xxvi. 166 It being as impossible for any Aggregate of Finites to comprehend..one Infinite.

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Polygonal Numbers, are such as are the Sums or Aggregates of Series of Numbers in Arithmetical Progression, beginning with Unity; and so placed, that they represent the Form of a Polygon.

1785 W. Paley Princ. Moral & Polit. Philos. i. vi. 18 In strictness, any condition, in which the amount or aggregate of pleasure exceeds that of pain,..may be denominated happy.

1856 J. S. Mill Syst. Logic (ed. 4) I. ii. vii. §2 294 Every such belief represents the aggregate of all past experience.

1874 Times 8 July 5/5 It is possible to make 35 points at each of these three preliminary contests, or an aggregate of 105.

1877 J. B. Mozley Univ. Serm. (ed. 3) v. 120 The general only regards his men as masses, so much aggregate of force.

1920 Glasgow Herald 23 July 7 Last year Canada produced an aggregate of 833,802 tons of newsprint.

2011 Sunday Times (Nexis) 27 Feb. (Sport) 10 The equivalent figure for Scholes, who is a year younger, is 22—and both aggregates would have been higher if the veterans had enjoyed uninterrupted fitness.

3. Geology. A rock or other deposit composed of distinct minerals closely adhering or combined together.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > composite rock > [noun] > aggregate

aggregate1784

pseudoconglomerate1849

1784 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. i. iii. 21 By super-compound Earths or Stones, I mean aggregates of visibly different simple species, in a notable proportion.

1784 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. i. viii. 147 Coral Stone. This is an aggregate of onyx, sardonyx, carnelian amethyst, and quartz.

1830 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. I. 169 To render fit for soils, even the hardest aggregates belonging to our globe.

1869 J. Phillips Vesuvius ii. 36 Pompeii was built on a mass of volcanic aggregates.

1916 Mineral Mag. 18 38 The ureilites consist of a coarsely crystalline aggregate of olivine and monoclinic pyroxene cemented together.

1966 R. Webster Pract. Gemmol. (ed. 4) i. 2 Rocks may be defined as aggregates of several minerals, which may vary much in their relative proportions and which may be, more or less, easily separated.

2004 W. D. Nesse Introd. Optical Mineral. (ed. 3) xiv. 242/2 Iddingsite is an aggregate of several minerals.

4. Taxonomy. A group of several closely related and morphologically similar species formerly (and still occasionally for convenience) not distinguished from each other. Opposed to segregate n. 2.An aggregate species is indicated by the addition of the abbreviation agg. in roman to the binomial name; examples are the blackberry, Rubus fruticosus agg., and the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger agg.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > variety or species > [noun] > types of

stroller1723

natural order1785

subvariety1785

line1805

alliance1835

aggregate1859

stirps1866

segregate1871

cultigen1918

agamospecies1929

1859 H. C. Watson Cybele Britannica IV. 52 He must consult records in which the segregate species of the present day are treated as unit-species under names which are now the names of aggregates.

1870 H. C. Watson Compendium Cybele Britannica iii. 427 Some pages will be devoted to expositions of the manner in which the aggregates (the recognized species of the older botanists, and still accepted in the same character by influential botanists of the present time) have passed into the modern segregates.

1912 J. W. White Flora of Bristol 405 The old murorum aggregate has long been split into many ‘species’.

1969 Mycologia 62 1007 The presence of an appreciable percentage of oogonia with apparently functional antheridia in all isolates precludes an hypothesis of apomictic clonal species within an aggregate.

1978 Watsonia 12 113 The history of the taxonomic treatment of the Juncus bufonius L. aggregate is surveyed. Five species within it are recognized in Europe.

2010 G. Perrone et al. in D. Liu Molecular Detection Foodborne Pathogens xxxviii. 533/1 Grape-derived isolates belonging to the A. niger species aggregate, comprise four different species not distinguishable by morphological characteristics.

5. Building. Gravel, sand, slag or the like added to a binding agent to form concrete, macadam, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > concrete > [noun] > gravel, sand, etc., added to binding agent

aggregate1879

1837 Archit. Mag. Jan. 36 An admixture of 1 lime to eight ninths gravel, containing sand in the proportion of two ninths of the aggregate.]

1879 Building News 12 Sept. 304/2 At the end of four months the concrete is not more than 10 per cent. below the strength of new cement... This favourable result must be, to a great extent, due to the inherent strength of the stoneware aggregate, and the capital ‘bite’ that it affords to the matrix.

1881 Mechanic §1111. 522 Any waste material of a hard nature may be used as aggregate in making concrete.

1930 Engineering 19 Dec. 764/3 The importance of mineral aggregates for concrete.

1933 Archit. Rev. 73 217/1 The solid concrete balustrade has had the aggregate exposed.

1949 P. C. Carman Chem. Constit. & Prop. Engin. Materials xvi. 464 By mixing cement with sand or ‘fine aggregate’ and broken rock or ‘coarse aggregate’..the resulting concrete is..stronger than cement itself.

1958 Daily Mail 16 July 7/2 Coated roadstone—known as ‘tarmac’—which is a mixture of tar or bitumen with aggregates of natural stone or..slags.

2008 Dunoon Observer & Argyllshire Standard 1 Aug. 22/3 (advt.) Quarry Materials... Sands and Aggregates. Crushed Rock. Sub Bases. Filter Material.

6. Metallurgy. An alloy containing two or more different allotropes of a metal.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > alloy > [noun] > other types of alloy

white metala1387

hard metal1577

series1807

aggregate1908

superalloy1920

1908 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 523 Pearlite and the sorbite of Osmond (incompletely formed pearlite) are aggregates, composed of ferrite and cementite.

1935 A. Sauveur Metallogr. Iron & Steel (ed. 4) i. 8 When an alloy contains more than one of these phases, it is generally referred to as an aggregate.

1958 A. D. Merriman Dict. Metall. 3/1 Quenched steel..is an aggregate of three phases: solid solution of carbon in gamma-iron, alpha-iron and iron carbide.

2005 V. B. Ginzburg Metall. Design Flat Rolled Steels i. 15 Another constituent in steels is pearlite. It is not a phase but an aggregate.

Phrases

P1. in (the) aggregate: in total; as a whole.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > the whole or all > that is all or the whole [phrase] > in all or altogether

by numbera1375

in numbera1375

in allc1380

first and lastc1390

all wholea1393

in companya1393

in sum1399

full and whole1402

in great1421

whole and somec1425

in (the) whole1432

one with another1436

in (the) hale1437

all in great1533

up and down1562

one and other1569

in (the) aggregate1644

all told1814

the world > relative properties > wholeness > the whole or all > that is all or the whole [phrase] > all collectively en masse

in generala1393

in gross1508

by the lump1522

in universal1532

at large1598

in the lump1624

in (the) massa1631

at the great1699

by or in (the) slump1795

en masse1802

in a slump1827

en bloc1861

in block1870

in (the) aggregate1973

1644 J. Barwick Certain Disquis. Unlawfulnesse of Oath 12 As well Presbyters and Deacons make up part of our Church-government, as it now stands in aggregate.

1777 J. Richardson Diss. Eastern Nations 31 Man, in the aggregate, is too irregular to be reduced to invariable laws.

1801 Asiatic Ann. Reg. 1800 Proc. Parl. 35/1 The prospects of the year 1799–1800 will be found to vary but little in the aggregate from the actual out-turn of the preceding year.

1852 J. R. McCulloch Treat. Taxation (ed. 2) ii. xi. 377 These payments must amount, in the aggregate, to a vast sum.

1915 Amer. Econ. Rev. 5 41 Common carriers are forbidden after two years..to make or to have construction or maintenance contracts to the amount of more than $50,000 in the aggregate in any one year with another organization.

1973 O. Sacks Awakenings (1976) 16 These ‘footnotes’ sometimes have the form and length of miniature essays, and in aggregate now constitute about one third of the book's length.

2008 New Yorker 7 July 71/1 The combustion of these fossil fuels will produce, in aggregate, some four hundred quadrillion B.T.U.s of energy.

P2. British. Sport. on aggregate: after the calculation of the total score of each competitor or team in a fixture comprising more than one part, game, or round.

ΚΠ

1901 Times 11 Sept. 5/5 One side might lead for the first three parts of the game and yet, were the match played out, might still lose on aggregate the whole four points.

1922 Times 27 Nov. 14/4 The winner will be he who has scored the most points in the seven [billiards] matches on aggregate.

1981 Guardian Weekly (Nexis) 29 Mar. 23 Victory by 1–0 still left them 4–2 down on aggregate.

2004 This is Anfield (Liverpool Football Club Official Matchday Programme) 24 Aug. 35/1 Liverpool..defeated FC Haka of Finland 9–1 on aggregate.

Compounds

aggregate demand n. Economics the total demand for, or spending on, goods, services, etc., within a particular market.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > trading conditions > [noun] > supply and demand or market

market1651

aggregate demand1797

market behaviour1932

1797 F. M. Eden State of Poor I. ii. i. 477 He consults only his own convenience in purchasing it: others do the same, without calling in the advice of their neighbours; and it is thus that the aggregate demand is formed.

1805 Parl. Deb. 1st Ser. 5 App. p. xxxvi Would such assignments have been allowed on account of the aggregate balance exceeding the aggregate demand?

1936 J. M. Keynes Gen. Theory Employment ii. iii. 25 The volume of employment is given by the point of intersection between the aggregate demand function and the aggregate supply function.

1958 J. K. Galbraith Affluent Society viii. 92 The immediate..cause of depression is a fall in the aggregate demand..for buying the output of the economy.

2001 Amer. Econ. Rev. 91 254/2 The primary effect of a bubble is to increase aggregate demand, by increasing consumers' wealth and by improving the balance sheets of borrowers.

aggregate recoil n. Nuclear Physics the ejection of a cluster of atoms from the surface of a radioactive sample as a result of their being bonded to an atom that is recoiling following emission of an alpha particle.

ΚΠ

1919 R. W. Lawson in Nature 13 Feb. 464/2 To the recoil of a compact cluster of atoms of the active matter when one of the atoms contained in it disintegrates with an ejection of an α-particle..I recently gave the name of ‘aggregate recoil’.

1932 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 136 402 It seemed at once likely that the phenomenon of aggregate recoil was complicating matters.

1968 Science 4 Oct. 117/1 Coating of the curium-242 alpha-particle sources with carbon in order to minimize transfer of radioactivity by aggregate recoil.

2006 Appendix Radiation & Isotopes 64 540/1 Contamination of the detectors might occur due to recoil nuclei or fragmentation of the source material (aggregate recoil).

aggregate score n. Sport the total score of each competitor or team in a fixture comprising more than one part, game, or round.

ΚΠ

1887 E. S. Chambers Golfing 79 The Glennis Medal for the best aggregate score during the two meetings was won by Mr Leslie Balfour.

1907 H. H. Hilton Golfing Reminisc. 118 He required a total of 77 for the round to supplant my aggregate score.

1996 Dogs in Canada Jan. 39/3 The double-lift finals ended four tough days of qualifying: 130 dogs ran for two go-rounds, and aggregate scores qualified dogs in the top 20.

aggregate supply n. Economics the total supply of goods and services that producers are willing to provide within a particular market.

ΚΠ

1810 J. Hill Inq. Present High Price Gold Bullion 19 Their price will depend on the proportion which subsists between the aggregate supply of them, and the combined demand both of foreign trade and domestic circulation.

1899 W. E. Johnson in R. H. I. Palgrave Dict. Polit. Econ. III. 488/2 The aggregate supply price may be in excess of the aggregate expenses of production.

1936 J. M. Keynes Gen. Theory Employment iii. 26 Say's law, that the aggregate demand price of output as a whole is equal to its aggregate supply price for all volumes of output.

1991 Oxf. Econ. Papers 43 329 The aggregate supply collapses in a simple mark-up, p = w , and output is demand determined.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

aggregatev.

Brit.

/ˈaɡrᵻɡeɪt/, U.S.

/ˈæɡrəˌɡeɪt/

Forms: Middle English–1600s aggregate (past participle), Middle English– aggregate, 1500s agregate (past participle), 1500s–1600s agregate.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Perhaps also partly formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: Latin aggregāt- , aggregāre ; aggregate n.

Etymology: < classical Latin aggregāt-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of aggregāre to cause to flock together, to join together < ag- , variant (before words beginning with g ) of ad- ad- prefix + greg- , grex flock (see grex n.). Compare Middle French agreger , Middle French, French †aggreger , French agréger (1483), Spanish agregar (1423; rare before 18th cent.), Portuguese agregar (1460), Italian aggregare (a1342). Compare aggregate n., aggregate adj. In sense 3 perhaps independently < aggregate n.

a. transitive. To gather into one whole or mass; to collect together, assemble; to mass.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)] > gather in one mass or form lumps > accumulate

heapc1000

tassea1400

aggregate?a1425

grossc1440

amass1481

accumulatec1487

accumule1490

exaggerate1533

cumulate1534

compile1578

pook1587

mass1604

hilla1618

congeriate1628

agglomerate1751

pile1827

to roll up1848

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 133 (MED) It is to be war of metez which aggregateþ [L. aggregant] i. gadreth in hem þise 3 proprieteez.

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 19^v (MED) In þe fote bene 2 sheltronez or wardez of bonez. In þe first ward bene 3 bonez aggregate i. gadred to gider roundly.

1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure viii. viii The retentyfe memory..must ever agregate All maters thought to retayne inwardly.

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. xxii. sig. g.ii By olde autours a man may aggregate a definition, that whiche is called in greke and latyne Musa, is that parte of the soule, that induceth and moueth a man to serche for knowlege.

1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 5 These peoples, being aggregated of so many sundrye Nations.

1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter (ii. 1) 378 The light which lay diffused abroad..was afterwards aggregated into the body of the Sunne.

1647 J. Ellis Vindiciæ Catholicæ 74 Not as having any new, or properly larger power (being met) as such a body, but onely by accident, as being aggregated and collected together.

1672 R. Baxter Church told of Bagshaw's Scandals iv. 23 Scarce now to be numbred, any more than drops that are aggregate in a Pond.

1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature I. 71 The flux, reflux, and currents indisputably aggregated large quantities of matter.

1864 Spectator 1406 Population is aggregated in small villages.

1865 G. Grote Plato I. i. 6 This peripheral fire was broken up and aggregated into separate masses.

1947 A. D. Imms Outl. Entomol. (ed. 3) ii. 30 In the eyes and tympanal organs they [sc. receptors] are aggregated often in large numbers.

1989 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Med. 82 262/1 The data were aggregated and examined.

2009 New Yorker 5 Oct. 31/1 Behavior that, on the individual level, is perfectly reasonable but that, when aggregated in the market-place, produces calamity.

b. intransitive in sense 1a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (intransitive)] > collect in one mass or body > accumulate

gather1390

heap?1507

aggregate1591

pile1616

to brook up1691

accumulate1757

cata1909

1591 Ripley's Compound of Alchymy iv. sig. E3 In our Coniunction foure Elements must aggregate In due proportion, which first a sunder were seperate.

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 837 Darknesse doth aggregate and gather in the sight, and thereby make it dim.

1733 S. Hales Statist. Ess. II. 96 If fresh extravasated Blood be placed before a Microscope, the Globules may be seen by mutual Attraction to aggregate and form greater Globules.

1786 Parl. Reg. Ireland VI. 343 On the fifth of April, 1784, the mob of this city aggregated, called together by seditious hand-bills, which were libels on the King's government.

1835 New Monthly Mag. July 295 It is the nucleus round which all that is best and highest in art aggregates.

1870 H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. (ed. 2) I. ii. vii. 255 The taste of honey aggregates with sweet tastes in general.

1870 R. A. Proctor Other Worlds than Ours iv. 107 We see the polar snows aggregating.

1926 A. G. Tansley & T. F. Chipp Aims & Methods Study Vegetation vii. 116 The ‘primary’ inorganic particles of soil show a tendency to aggregate into ‘compound particles’.

2009 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 3 Dec. 45/3 What all of these species have in common is that they ‘aggregated’, i.e., they formed large concentrations of their species, at least at certain times of year.

c. transitive (reflexive). = sense 1b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (reflexive)] > collect into one mass or body

aggregate1810

1810 Philos. Mag. 36 296 The function of the one in nature is to aggregate itself in quantities more or less considerable to form masses.

1857 Hunt's Merchants' Mag. Apr. 466 While capital for banking purposes aggregates itself with rapid and gigantic strides, currency lags far behind it under the operations of our general bank law.

1875 C. Darwin Insectivorous Plants iii. 42 I distinctly saw minute spheres of protoplasm aggregating themselves.

1905 Nature 31 Aug. 440/2 Each ring then aggregated itself round some nucleus which happened to exist in its circumference, and so formed a subordinate nebula.

1991 R. Griffin Nature of Fascism (1993) iii. 78 Diverse Italian fascisms had..aggregated themselves into a powerful extra-parliamentary opposition movement.

2. transitive. To unite (an individual) to (rarely with) an association or company; to add as a constituent member.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > associate with for common purpose [verb (transitive)] > bring into association

allyc1325

confeder1380

sociea1387

associate1398

sociate1485

companya1500

band1530

confederate1532

aggregate1534

colleague1535

join1560

enter1563

bandy1597

league1611

colligate1613

club1656

fraternize1656

federalize1787

brigade1831

society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > [verb (transitive)] > admit as member

incorporate1530

adopt1538

enrol1623

aggregate1651

associate1806

1534 W. Marshall tr. Erasmus Playne & Godly Expos. Commune Crede v. f. 114^v Other some do expounde it to signifye the sacramentes of the church, which do not profyte, but onely to those, which do aggregate and ioyne themselues to the churche.

1585 T. Bilson True Difference Christian Subiection iii. 436 This terror of conscience made subiectes euen by heapes abandoun their Princes, and aggregate them-selues to the Popes faction.

1601 W. Fulbecke Hist. Coll. Continuall Factions ii. 114 Clodius..hauing aggregated vnto him a rascall route of thriftlesse and vnconscionable ruffians, he..did partly maime and murder the carpenters and workmen.

1651 J. Saint-Amard tr. F. Micanzio Life Father Paul sig. G3^v Being a yeare before that, aggregated to that most famous Colledge of Padua.

1656 tr. T. White Peripateticall Inst. 63 When the supervener has aggregated to it self the parts of that humid body wherein the dissolution was made.

1722 W. Wollaston Relig. of Nature v. 112 Hard to discern, to which of the two sorts, the good or the bad, a man ought to be aggregated.

1786 R. Cumberland Observer I. 152 When they had performed their annual functions, and acquitted themselves without impeachment, they were in course aggregated to the Areopagites.

1801 T. Jefferson Writings (1830) III. 456 These people are now aggregated with us.

1860 R. C. Trench Serm. in Westm. Abbey iii. 22 That great thirteenth apostle, who after the Resurrection was aggregated to the other twelve.

1976 tr. B. Neunheuser in K. Rahner Encycl. Theol. (new ed.) 75 He must still receive the sacrament, for it aggregates him to the Church's visible communion, thus entitling him to take part in all its sacramental and liturgical life in Christ.

2002 R. A. Fletcher Bloodfeud (2003) viii. 149 An earl who might bring a measure of stability to his turbulent Northumbrian province by aggregating it to the West Saxon system of authority.

a. transitive. To add (numbers, scores, etc.) together; to find the sum total of.

ΚΠ

1821 P. Nicholson Analyt. & Arithm. Ess. vi. 39 Exhibit the different values that maybe found by aggregating the numbers p, q, r, s.

1897 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 3 362 To aggregate the numbers reported by each establishment as the greatest number employed at any one time would be likely to obtain a number in excess of the total number of employés.

1957 Law & Contemp. Probl. 22 214 He also aggregated the values for the years 1907 through 1950.

1980 P. H. Allman Military Retirees i. ii. 30 Aggregating the figures from these tables categorically by major geographic regions provides an abbreviated form for global comparison.

2011 Weekend Austral. (Nexis) 29 Oct. 5 Rather than aggregating scores or points, as most wine shows do, the judges tasted and argued and fought for favourites.

b. transitive. To amount in the aggregate to; to form an aggregate of. N.E.D. (1884) labels this use ‘colloq[uial].’ and explains it as ‘elliptical’ and from the noun, comparing it with to average (average v. 2).

ΚΠ

1860 Rep. Settlement Land Revenue Provinces Madras 8 The first of these classes, or remissions, contingent on season, aggregated the large sum of nearly 31 lacs of Rupees, being 14 lacs above the preceding Fusly.

1865 Morning Star 17 Apr. The guns captured..will aggregate in all probability five or six hundred.

1879 W. Webster in Cassell's Techn. Educator IV. 132/1 British vessels, aggregating 520,019 tons burden.

1913 Sat. Evening Post (Philadelphia) 22 Feb. 30/1 (advt.) The Company's reserves and other assets are in approved securities,..aggregating $10,256,384.65.

1988 D. A. Thomas Compan. Royal Navy iii. 230/1 The combined assembled fleets for the battle of Barfleur aggregated nearly 140 ships.

2007 Drug Week (Nexis) 16 Nov. 1677 This transaction provided BDSI with an up front payment of $30 million dollars at closing and payments aggregating another $30 million upon FDA approval and commercial launch.

4. transitive. To gather (articles, videos, or other items of digital content) from the internet and present them to the user on a single website, application, etc.

ΚΠ

1994 U.S. Newswire (Nexis) 9 Nov. PowerUP Online aggregates valuable content and organizes activities and resources in an easy-to-use format for use in grades K-12.

1999 J. Udell Pract. Internet Groupware 38 An FAQ maintainer will periodically repost a message that documents some area of knowledge and, in so doing, aggregate relevant web content.

2006 A. Steffen et al. Worldchanging (2008) 420/2 Content is also syndicated and aggregated via a couple of technologies, RSS and Atom, which are formats for encoding content so that it can be parsed and displayed in other environments.

2012 Northern Echo (Nexis) 19 May 18 Flipboard aggregates all the content you subscribe to through social networks like Facebook and Twitter.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	aggregate
释义	aggregateadj.n. Brit. /ˈaɡrᵻɡət/, /ˈaɡrᵻɡeɪt/, U.S. /ˈæɡrəɡət/, /ˈæɡrəˌɡeɪt/ Forms: Middle English agregat, Middle English 1600s aggregat, Middle English– aggregate, 1500s–1700s agregate. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin aggregātus, aggregāre. Etymology: < classical Latin aggregātus (also 1687 or earlier in post-classical Latin in botanical use), past participle of aggregāre aggregate v. Compare later aggregated adj. With the specific uses as adjective in botany, geology, and zoology (see senses A. 3, A. 4, and A. 5) compare the corresponding uses of French agrégé , adjective and noun (a1778 as adjective in botanical use, in the source translated in quot. 1785 at sense A. 3; 1830 or earlier (in Cuvier) as noun in zoological use; 1845 as adjective in geological use). With the use as noun compare post-classical Latin aggregatum (neuter) group of words (c1444 in a British source), Middle French aggregat, French agrégat sum (1556 in an apparently isolated attestation), complex whole, mass, or body formed by the union of numerous units or particles (1745). A. adj. 1. a. Constituted by the collection of many particles or units into one body, mass, or amount; collective, whole, total. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > [adjective] > constituting or comprising a whole aggregatec1400 totalc1400 universal?a1425 gross1523 versal1599 outright1845 the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > [adjective] > collecting into one mass or body > collected into one mass or body aggregatec1400 consolidate1531 contracted1609 aggregated1615 congregate1626 consolidateda1850 the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > [adjective] > collecting into one mass or body > constituted by aggregatec1400 c1400 Omnis Plantacio (Egerton) l. 1942 in Wks. Lollard Preacher (2001) 94 In sum place in priuat persoone, and in sum place in comounte or persoone aggregat. a1450 De Oblacione Iugis Sacrificii (Titus) l. 387 in Wks. Lollard Preacher (2001) 166 And as the world schapiþ now, it is to done to se houȝ a man obeiiþ to þe determinacion of þis grete aggregat person þat sittiþ in þe chirche in þe mater of þe sacrid ooste. 1627 G. Richardson Of State of Europe ix. 58 The League, and Vnion of the Switzers. This is an aggregate state, consisting of sundry different particulars, vnited onely in a generall league. 1659 J. Evelyn Mem. (1857) III. 116 Were I not an aggregate person, and so obliged..to provide for my dependents. 1685 R. Morden Geogr. Rectified 68 Polonia..is an aggregate Body consisting of many distinct Provinces. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 326 The state of Florence..formed the principal into an aggregate sum, called metaphorically a mount or bank, the shares whereof were transferrable like our stocks, with interest at 5 per cent. 1783 J. Tucker 4 Lett. Important National Subj. iv. 97 Mankind, taken in their aggregate or collective Capacity. 1824 T. F. Dibdin Libr. Compan. 15 Publications..of which the aggregate total is scarcely to be credited. 1859 Edinb. Rev. No. 223. 49 Or were they but the representatives of the aggregate Hellenic races? 1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. x. 165 After the Reformation estates became more aggregate and insulated. 1876 J. E. T. Rogers Man. Polit. Econ. (ed. 3) ii. 2 The aggregate amount of labour expended..is called the cost of production. 1911 Polit. Sci. Q. 26 751 Most of the accused entered pleas of nolo contendere and were fined an aggregate sum of nearly $150,000. 1995 Sci. & Public Affairs Winter 20/2 The value of ‘statistical life’ is taken to be the aggregate amount that a large group of people would be willing to pay for a safety measure that will, on average, save one life. b. Law. Composed of many individuals united into one association.corporation aggregate: see corporation n. 5a. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > [adjective] membral1603 aggregatea1625 associational1815 member1870 teleocratic1955 a1625 H. Finch Law (1627) 91 Corporations..whereof some are aggregate of many persons, that is to say, of a head and body: other consist in one singular person. 1637 P. Heylyn Briefe Answer Burton i. 4 Howsoever it be true, in ordinary course, that no man can be Judge in his own cause..yet it is otherwise in a body aggregate, or a publick person. 1726 J. Ayliffe Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani 427 As a Proctor has the Management of the Business of particular Individuals; so a Syndick manages the Affairs of aggregate Corporations. 1771 Act 11 Geo. III xix, in Enactments Parl. conc. Univ. Oxf. & Cambr. (1869) 78 Whether of University or City, aggregate or sole. 1781 C. Runnington Treat. Action of Ejectment 60 If a corporation be aggregate of many, they may set forth the demise in the declaration, without mentioning the christian name of the master or wardens of the corporation. 1862 Ld. Brougham Brit. Constit. (ed. 3) xvii. 272 Each chapter is a corporation aggregate, and each person is a corporation sole. 1910 A. N. Fitch New Commerc. Law 157 All business corporations are aggregate. In fact, in this country, we have no sole corporations. Corporations aggregate may be either religions or lay. 1996 Star-Ledger (Newark, New Jersey) (Nexis) 21 July (Perspective) 1 An inmate must convince first those responsible for his treatment, then the treatment staff acting as an aggregate body..before the case is forwarded to the State Board of Parole. 2. Grammar. Collective. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > other grammatical categories or concepts > [adjective] > expressing other relations or concepts adversativec1450 commonc1450 concessive1653 local1662 aggregate1683 ecbatic1836 sociative1845 inversive1858 comitative1860 consecutive1871 conative1875 1683 J. Dryden Life Plutarch 34 in J. Dryden et al. tr. Plutarch Lives I One in the aggregate sense, as we say one Army, or one Body of Men, constituted of many individuals. 1757 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful v. §2. 169 Such as represent many simple ideas united by nature to form some one determinate composition, as man, horse, tree, castle, &c. These I call aggregate words. 1821 Cambro-Briton Apr. 355 The term ‘eigion’, by which ‘ocean’ is rendered, is an aggregate noun, derived from aig, which is employed to denote the ‘great deep’. 1882 Monthly Packet May 509 From the aggregate noun pecus sprang the Latin pecunia—money, a word which has its derivatives in almost every European language. 1904 W. Coxe Hist. Tour Monmouthshire App. 331 I shall proceed to state..the import of Llion to be, streams, torrents, or floodings, a term often used, in an aggregate sense, for any great body of water. 2007 O. M. Mladenova Definiteness in Bulgarian v. 315 This process, contributing to the alignment of abstract and mass nouns with singular count and aggregate nouns, was part of the reshuffling of divisibles and non-divisibles. 3. Botany. Of parts of a plant: collected into one mass; spec. (a) (of a flower) consisting of multiple florets united within a common calyx or involucre, as in scabious, honeysuckle, and valerian; (b) (of a fruit) developed from multiple carpels in a single flower and forming a united cluster of small fruits (berries, druplets, etc.), as a blackberry or raspberry. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > inflorescence or collective flower > [adjective] > formed into an inflorescence tufted1629 capitated1682 coronated1682 capitate1687 aggregate1693 aggregated1706 1693 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 17 928 Such Trees and Shrubs, whose Flower and Fruit are Aggregate, as the Ficus. 1764 J. Berkenhout Clavis Anglica Linguæ Bot. at Aggregatus The part which in aggregate flowers is common to the whole, is either the Receptaculum or Calyx. 1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. vi. 70 An aggregate or capitate flower, or a head of flowers. 1836 A. Gray Elements Bot. ii. 20 Aggregate Fruits consist of several simple fruits clustered together upon the same receptacle, but not truly united or syncarpous. 1845 J. Lindley School Bot. (1858) iv. 42 Lobel's Catchfly, Flowers aggregate, tufted. 1886 G. Nicholson Illustr. Dict. Gardening IV. 311 Flowers..in the axils of the leaves, solitary or in few-flowered, aggregate cymes. 1916 W. F. Ganong Textbk. Bot. for Colleges i. vii. 352 In the..Raspberry the receptacle forms no part of the fruit, which is made up of the many separate aggregate carpels ripened to little drupes. 1994 S. Brill & E. Dean Identifying & Harvesting Edible & Medicinal Plants 96/2 This assemblage of tiny drupes, all from one flower, is the blackberry we know and love—an aggregate fruit. 2003 J. Eastman Bk. Field & Roadside 146 Look closely and you will see that a tiny, apparently individual flower of a goldenrod cluster actually consists of aggregate flowers arranged in the typical daisylike form. 4. Geology. Originally: composed of distinct minerals closely adhering or combined together (now rare). In later use: consisting of closely joined crystals; polycrystalline. Cf. sense B. 3 and aggregated adj. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > composite rock > [adjective] > aggregate aggregate1752 aggregated1791 1752 Philos. Trans. 1749–50 (Royal Soc.) 46 218 The Rocks on the highest Mountains are an aggregate Stone of Lapides Calcarii, Spati, Quartzi, Micæ, &c. 1795 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 86 40 A compact aggregate substance, apparently compounded of quartz, ochraceous earth, chert, etc. 1848 Jrnl. Indian Archipel. & Eastern Asia 2 405 An aggregate stone or amygdaloid in laminæ, composed of particles of quartz united by a yellow, ochreous Iron-earth. 1903 Geol. Mag. 10 514 The carbonic acid freed itself more readily from the magnesia..converting the original dolomite into an aggregate calcite and periclase. 1948 R. M. Pearl Pop. Gemol. iii. 96 Carbonado or black diamond also has an aggregate structure but of a different kind. 1999 I. Kostov & R. I. Kostov Crystal Habits Minerals vi. 98 Shock-metamorphosed diamonds from impact craters..are platy, pseudohexagonal or of a complex aggregate nature. 5. Biology. Consisting of or derived from distinct organisms united to form a compound organism or colony. Also in figurative contexts. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > balance of nature > organisms in interrelationship > [adjective] > aggregate or colony aggregate1792 aggregated1817 coloniala1835 1792 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 82 139 The female breeder [sc. a queen bee]..only influences the non-breeders by her presence..; it is her presence that makes them an aggregate animal. 1803 W. Bingley Animal Biogr. III. 567 Many of the species [of Vorticella] are found in groups, sometimes formed by the mere approximation of several individuals, and at other times by the ramified or aggregate manner in which they grow. 1835 W. Kirby On Power of God in Creation of Animals I. v. 164 All the polypes are aggregate animals. 1910 F. W. Coker Organismic Theories State ii. 55 Liberalism..regards the State also as an organism..; an aggregate organism..in which the organic position of the individuals does not necessarily remain fixed. 1978 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 75 2482/1 The association of both left- and right-handed helix macrofibers into an aggregate organism is the first of our attempts to create an organism of increased structural and developmental complexity. 2001 J. Kennedy & R. C. Eberhart Swarm Intelligence iii. 98 At this point they [sc. unicellular slime moulds] have lost their autonomy and exist only as cells in the aggregate organism. 6. Taxonomy. Designating an aggregate (sense B. 5); constituting or considered as an aggregate. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > variety or species > [adjective] > of types of varieties or species old-fashioned1847 aggregate1859 isophorous1866 1859 H. C. Watson Cybele Britannica IV. ii. v. 64 Hence arise the differences as to aggregate and segregate species; some botanists combining more, other botanists dividing and subdividing on slighter differential characters. 1937 A. H. Wolley-Dod Flora Sussex 58 Arnold says that aggregate tricolor is rare in West Sussex, and all segregates of arvensis are rare in Div. VI. 1958 Brittonia 10 160 It goes without saying, that for critical work in ecology or phytogeography, accurate identification should always be aimed at; but in practice, the aggregate species will often have to be used. 2006 P. Sell & G. Murrell Flora Great Brit. & Ireland IV. 121/1 Until the start of the twentieth century only a few aggregate species of Taraxacum were recognised in western Europe. B. n. 1. A complex whole, mass, or body formed by the union of numerous units or particles; an assemblage, a collection. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > aggregate > [noun] aggregatea1425 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > state of being composite > [noun] > a composite thing or complex whole aggregatea1425 wholec1450 partage1593 compagesa1638 complexa1652 composite1656 complexum1664 complicate1664 complexion1678 wholenessa1681 compagea1682 complication1750 synthesis1865 the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > mass formed by collection of particles aggregatea1425 aggregation1547 concentration1606 compositure1632 collective1655 conglomeration1697 agglutination1743 a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) II. 254 (MED) Þis agregat of þes alle ben þe first sect, newe comen in. c1475 (c1445) R. Pecock Donet (1921) 106 (MED) Slouþe..is not oon specialist moral vice, but it conteyneþ an aggregat of manye diuers special moral vicis. 1555 E. Baynton Let. in E. Foxe Actes & Monuments (1583) II. 1748/2 I haue therefore desired them to take the payne to note theyr mindes in this letter whiche I send to you, as agregate of theyr sayinges. 1650 T. Hobbes De Corpore Politico 78 A Multitude considered as One Aggregate. 1666 R. Boyle Origine Formes & Qualities 45 Agitating Water into Froth..that Aggregate of small Bubbles. 1758 S. Johnson Idler 23 Dec. 297 Four is a certain aggregate of unites. 1776 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music I. 155 Resonance is but an aggregate of echos, or of quick repetitions and returns of the same sound. 1813 H. Davy Elements Agric. Chem. i. 8 The chemical elements acted upon by attractive powers combine in different aggregates. 1869 W. E. Gladstone Juventus Mundi v. 134 That marvellous aggregate which we know as the Greek nation. 1870 H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. (ed. 2) I. ii. i. 159 Mind..is a circumscribed aggregate of activities. 1878 P. Bayne Chief Actors Puritan Revol. ii. 28 He was an aggregate of confusions and incongruities. 1927 Phytopathology 17 161 Certain aggregates of symptoms in potatoes..are considered to be due to corresponding degeneration diseases or viroses. 2004 G. Woodward I'll go to Bed at Noon x. 177 In a National Health hospital everyone is levelled, as in a prison, to a common social strata, a sort of aggregate of all ages and classes. 2. A combined sum, sum total; (also) an aggregate score. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > enumeration, reckoning, or calculation > [noun] > result, sum telc1000 tale?c1225 tailc1330 reckoningc1392 suma1400 aggregatec1443 count1483 sum total1549 total1557 computation1586 calculation1646 quotient1659 tally1674 amount1751 tot1755 summation1841 the world > relative properties > wholeness > the whole or all > [noun] > the whole quantity, number, or amount fullOE suma1382 universitya1382 your university1385 wholea1393 amountment?a1400 wholenessa1425 hale1437 aggregatec1443 rate1472 total1557 the whole ware1563 lump1576 gross1579 totality1598 universarya1604 general1608 population1612 amount1615 totum1656 totea1772 complete1790 factorial1869 collectivity1882 c1443 R. Pecock Reule of Crysten Religioun (1927) 231 (MED) His moral goodnes stondiþ needisli in þe aggregate and in þe togidere hauyng of dewe mater and of alle dewe and requirid circumstauncis..so it is þat, if oon be lacking, þere is not þe hool aggregate. 1656 tr. T. Hobbes Elements Philos. i. vi. 56 A Cause is the Summe or Aggregate of all such Accidents..as concurre to the producing of the Effect propounded. 1659 R. Boyle Some Motives & Incentives to Love of God xxvi. 166 It being as impossible for any Aggregate of Finites to comprehend..one Infinite. 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Polygonal Numbers, are such as are the Sums or Aggregates of Series of Numbers in Arithmetical Progression, beginning with Unity; and so placed, that they represent the Form of a Polygon. 1785 W. Paley Princ. Moral & Polit. Philos. i. vi. 18 In strictness, any condition, in which the amount or aggregate of pleasure exceeds that of pain,..may be denominated happy. 1856 J. S. Mill Syst. Logic (ed. 4) I. ii. vii. §2 294 Every such belief represents the aggregate of all past experience. 1874 Times 8 July 5/5 It is possible to make 35 points at each of these three preliminary contests, or an aggregate of 105. 1877 J. B. Mozley Univ. Serm. (ed. 3) v. 120 The general only regards his men as masses, so much aggregate of force. 1920 Glasgow Herald 23 July 7 Last year Canada produced an aggregate of 833,802 tons of newsprint. 2011 Sunday Times (Nexis) 27 Feb. (Sport) 10 The equivalent figure for Scholes, who is a year younger, is 22—and both aggregates would have been higher if the veterans had enjoyed uninterrupted fitness. 3. Geology. A rock or other deposit composed of distinct minerals closely adhering or combined together. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > composite rock > [noun] > aggregate aggregate1784 pseudoconglomerate1849 1784 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. i. iii. 21 By super-compound Earths or Stones, I mean aggregates of visibly different simple species, in a notable proportion. 1784 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. i. viii. 147 Coral Stone. This is an aggregate of onyx, sardonyx, carnelian amethyst, and quartz. 1830 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. I. 169 To render fit for soils, even the hardest aggregates belonging to our globe. 1869 J. Phillips Vesuvius ii. 36 Pompeii was built on a mass of volcanic aggregates. 1916 Mineral Mag. 18 38 The ureilites consist of a coarsely crystalline aggregate of olivine and monoclinic pyroxene cemented together. 1966 R. Webster Pract. Gemmol. (ed. 4) i. 2 Rocks may be defined as aggregates of several minerals, which may vary much in their relative proportions and which may be, more or less, easily separated. 2004 W. D. Nesse Introd. Optical Mineral. (ed. 3) xiv. 242/2 Iddingsite is an aggregate of several minerals. 4. Taxonomy. A group of several closely related and morphologically similar species formerly (and still occasionally for convenience) not distinguished from each other. Opposed to segregate n. 2.An aggregate species is indicated by the addition of the abbreviation agg. in roman to the binomial name; examples are the blackberry, Rubus fruticosus agg., and the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger agg. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > variety or species > [noun] > types of stroller1723 natural order1785 subvariety1785 line1805 alliance1835 aggregate1859 stirps1866 segregate1871 cultigen1918 agamospecies1929 1859 H. C. Watson Cybele Britannica IV. 52 He must consult records in which the segregate species of the present day are treated as unit-species under names which are now the names of aggregates. 1870 H. C. Watson Compendium Cybele Britannica iii. 427 Some pages will be devoted to expositions of the manner in which the aggregates (the recognized species of the older botanists, and still accepted in the same character by influential botanists of the present time) have passed into the modern segregates. 1912 J. W. White Flora of Bristol 405 The old murorum aggregate has long been split into many ‘species’. 1969 Mycologia 62 1007 The presence of an appreciable percentage of oogonia with apparently functional antheridia in all isolates precludes an hypothesis of apomictic clonal species within an aggregate. 1978 Watsonia 12 113 The history of the taxonomic treatment of the Juncus bufonius L. aggregate is surveyed. Five species within it are recognized in Europe. 2010 G. Perrone et al. in D. Liu Molecular Detection Foodborne Pathogens xxxviii. 533/1 Grape-derived isolates belonging to the A. niger species aggregate, comprise four different species not distinguishable by morphological characteristics. 5. Building. Gravel, sand, slag or the like added to a binding agent to form concrete, macadam, etc. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > concrete > [noun] > gravel, sand, etc., added to binding agent aggregate1879 1837 Archit. Mag. Jan. 36 An admixture of 1 lime to eight ninths gravel, containing sand in the proportion of two ninths of the aggregate.] 1879 Building News 12 Sept. 304/2 At the end of four months the concrete is not more than 10 per cent. below the strength of new cement... This favourable result must be, to a great extent, due to the inherent strength of the stoneware aggregate, and the capital ‘bite’ that it affords to the matrix. 1881 Mechanic §1111. 522 Any waste material of a hard nature may be used as aggregate in making concrete. 1930 Engineering 19 Dec. 764/3 The importance of mineral aggregates for concrete. 1933 Archit. Rev. 73 217/1 The solid concrete balustrade has had the aggregate exposed. 1949 P. C. Carman Chem. Constit. & Prop. Engin. Materials xvi. 464 By mixing cement with sand or ‘fine aggregate’ and broken rock or ‘coarse aggregate’..the resulting concrete is..stronger than cement itself. 1958 Daily Mail 16 July 7/2 Coated roadstone—known as ‘tarmac’—which is a mixture of tar or bitumen with aggregates of natural stone or..slags. 2008 Dunoon Observer & Argyllshire Standard 1 Aug. 22/3 (advt.) Quarry Materials... Sands and Aggregates. Crushed Rock. Sub Bases. Filter Material. 6. Metallurgy. An alloy containing two or more different allotropes of a metal. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > alloy > [noun] > other types of alloy white metala1387 hard metal1577 series1807 aggregate1908 superalloy1920 1908 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 523 Pearlite and the sorbite of Osmond (incompletely formed pearlite) are aggregates, composed of ferrite and cementite. 1935 A. Sauveur Metallogr. Iron & Steel (ed. 4) i. 8 When an alloy contains more than one of these phases, it is generally referred to as an aggregate. 1958 A. D. Merriman Dict. Metall. 3/1 Quenched steel..is an aggregate of three phases: solid solution of carbon in gamma-iron, alpha-iron and iron carbide. 2005 V. B. Ginzburg Metall. Design Flat Rolled Steels i. 15 Another constituent in steels is pearlite. It is not a phase but an aggregate. Phrases P1. in (the) aggregate: in total; as a whole. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > the whole or all > that is all or the whole [phrase] > in all or altogether by numbera1375 in numbera1375 in allc1380 first and lastc1390 all wholea1393 in companya1393 in sum1399 full and whole1402 in great1421 whole and somec1425 in (the) whole1432 one with another1436 in (the) hale1437 all in great1533 up and down1562 one and other1569 in (the) aggregate1644 all told1814 the world > relative properties > wholeness > the whole or all > that is all or the whole [phrase] > all collectively en masse in generala1393 in gross1508 by the lump1522 in universal1532 at large1598 in the lump1624 in (the) massa1631 at the great1699 by or in (the) slump1795 en masse1802 in a slump1827 en bloc1861 in block1870 in (the) aggregate1973 1644 J. Barwick Certain Disquis. Unlawfulnesse of Oath 12 As well Presbyters and Deacons make up part of our Church-government, as it now stands in aggregate. 1777 J. Richardson Diss. Eastern Nations 31 Man, in the aggregate, is too irregular to be reduced to invariable laws. 1801 Asiatic Ann. Reg. 1800 Proc. Parl. 35/1 The prospects of the year 1799–1800 will be found to vary but little in the aggregate from the actual out-turn of the preceding year. 1852 J. R. McCulloch Treat. Taxation (ed. 2) ii. xi. 377 These payments must amount, in the aggregate, to a vast sum. 1915 Amer. Econ. Rev. 5 41 Common carriers are forbidden after two years..to make or to have construction or maintenance contracts to the amount of more than $50,000 in the aggregate in any one year with another organization. 1973 O. Sacks Awakenings (1976) 16 These ‘footnotes’ sometimes have the form and length of miniature essays, and in aggregate now constitute about one third of the book's length. 2008 New Yorker 7 July 71/1 The combustion of these fossil fuels will produce, in aggregate, some four hundred quadrillion B.T.U.s of energy. P2. British. Sport. on aggregate: after the calculation of the total score of each competitor or team in a fixture comprising more than one part, game, or round. ΚΠ 1901 Times 11 Sept. 5/5 One side might lead for the first three parts of the game and yet, were the match played out, might still lose on aggregate the whole four points. 1922 Times 27 Nov. 14/4 The winner will be he who has scored the most points in the seven [billiards] matches on aggregate. 1981 Guardian Weekly (Nexis) 29 Mar. 23 Victory by 1–0 still left them 4–2 down on aggregate. 2004 This is Anfield (Liverpool Football Club Official Matchday Programme) 24 Aug. 35/1 Liverpool..defeated FC Haka of Finland 9–1 on aggregate. Compounds aggregate demand n. Economics the total demand for, or spending on, goods, services, etc., within a particular market. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > trading conditions > [noun] > supply and demand or market market1651 aggregate demand1797 market behaviour1932 1797 F. M. Eden State of Poor I. ii. i. 477 He consults only his own convenience in purchasing it: others do the same, without calling in the advice of their neighbours; and it is thus that the aggregate demand is formed. 1805 Parl. Deb. 1st Ser. 5 App. p. xxxvi Would such assignments have been allowed on account of the aggregate balance exceeding the aggregate demand? 1936 J. M. Keynes Gen. Theory Employment ii. iii. 25 The volume of employment is given by the point of intersection between the aggregate demand function and the aggregate supply function. 1958 J. K. Galbraith Affluent Society viii. 92 The immediate..cause of depression is a fall in the aggregate demand..for buying the output of the economy. 2001 Amer. Econ. Rev. 91 254/2 The primary effect of a bubble is to increase aggregate demand, by increasing consumers' wealth and by improving the balance sheets of borrowers. aggregate recoil n. Nuclear Physics the ejection of a cluster of atoms from the surface of a radioactive sample as a result of their being bonded to an atom that is recoiling following emission of an alpha particle. ΚΠ 1919 R. W. Lawson in Nature 13 Feb. 464/2 To the recoil of a compact cluster of atoms of the active matter when one of the atoms contained in it disintegrates with an ejection of an α-particle..I recently gave the name of ‘aggregate recoil’. 1932 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 136 402 It seemed at once likely that the phenomenon of aggregate recoil was complicating matters. 1968 Science 4 Oct. 117/1 Coating of the curium-242 alpha-particle sources with carbon in order to minimize transfer of radioactivity by aggregate recoil. 2006 Appendix Radiation & Isotopes 64 540/1 Contamination of the detectors might occur due to recoil nuclei or fragmentation of the source material (aggregate recoil). aggregate score n. Sport the total score of each competitor or team in a fixture comprising more than one part, game, or round. ΚΠ 1887 E. S. Chambers Golfing 79 The Glennis Medal for the best aggregate score during the two meetings was won by Mr Leslie Balfour. 1907 H. H. Hilton Golfing Reminisc. 118 He required a total of 77 for the round to supplant my aggregate score. 1996 Dogs in Canada Jan. 39/3 The double-lift finals ended four tough days of qualifying: 130 dogs ran for two go-rounds, and aggregate scores qualified dogs in the top 20. aggregate supply n. Economics the total supply of goods and services that producers are willing to provide within a particular market. ΚΠ 1810 J. Hill Inq. Present High Price Gold Bullion 19 Their price will depend on the proportion which subsists between the aggregate supply of them, and the combined demand both of foreign trade and domestic circulation. 1899 W. E. Johnson in R. H. I. Palgrave Dict. Polit. Econ. III. 488/2 The aggregate supply price may be in excess of the aggregate expenses of production. 1936 J. M. Keynes Gen. Theory Employment iii. 26 Say's law, that the aggregate demand price of output as a whole is equal to its aggregate supply price for all volumes of output. 1991 Oxf. Econ. Papers 43 329 The aggregate supply collapses in a simple mark-up, p = w , and output is demand determined. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022). aggregatev. Brit. /ˈaɡrᵻɡeɪt/, U.S. /ˈæɡrəˌɡeɪt/ Forms: Middle English–1600s aggregate (past participle), Middle English– aggregate, 1500s agregate (past participle), 1500s–1600s agregate. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Perhaps also partly formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: Latin aggregāt- , aggregāre ; aggregate n. Etymology: < classical Latin aggregāt-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of aggregāre to cause to flock together, to join together < ag- , variant (before words beginning with g ) of ad- ad- prefix + greg- , grex flock (see grex n.). Compare Middle French agreger , Middle French, French †aggreger , French agréger (1483), Spanish agregar (1423; rare before 18th cent.), Portuguese agregar (1460), Italian aggregare (a1342). Compare aggregate n., aggregate adj. In sense 3 perhaps independently < aggregate n. 1. a. transitive. To gather into one whole or mass; to collect together, assemble; to mass. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)] > gather in one mass or form lumps > accumulate heapc1000 tassea1400 aggregate?a1425 grossc1440 amass1481 accumulatec1487 accumule1490 exaggerate1533 cumulate1534 compile1578 pook1587 mass1604 hilla1618 congeriate1628 agglomerate1751 pile1827 to roll up1848 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 133 (MED) It is to be war of metez which aggregateþ [L. aggregant] i. gadreth in hem þise 3 proprieteez. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 19^v (MED) In þe fote bene 2 sheltronez or wardez of bonez. In þe first ward bene 3 bonez aggregate i. gadred to gider roundly. 1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure viii. viii The retentyfe memory..must ever agregate All maters thought to retayne inwardly. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. xxii. sig. g.ii By olde autours a man may aggregate a definition, that whiche is called in greke and latyne Musa, is that parte of the soule, that induceth and moueth a man to serche for knowlege. 1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 5 These peoples, being aggregated of so many sundrye Nations. 1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter (ii. 1) 378 The light which lay diffused abroad..was afterwards aggregated into the body of the Sunne. 1647 J. Ellis Vindiciæ Catholicæ 74 Not as having any new, or properly larger power (being met) as such a body, but onely by accident, as being aggregated and collected together. 1672 R. Baxter Church told of Bagshaw's Scandals iv. 23 Scarce now to be numbred, any more than drops that are aggregate in a Pond. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature I. 71 The flux, reflux, and currents indisputably aggregated large quantities of matter. 1864 Spectator 1406 Population is aggregated in small villages. 1865 G. Grote Plato I. i. 6 This peripheral fire was broken up and aggregated into separate masses. 1947 A. D. Imms Outl. Entomol. (ed. 3) ii. 30 In the eyes and tympanal organs they [sc. receptors] are aggregated often in large numbers. 1989 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Med. 82 262/1 The data were aggregated and examined. 2009 New Yorker 5 Oct. 31/1 Behavior that, on the individual level, is perfectly reasonable but that, when aggregated in the market-place, produces calamity. b. intransitive in sense 1a. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (intransitive)] > collect in one mass or body > accumulate gather1390 heap?1507 aggregate1591 pile1616 to brook up1691 accumulate1757 cata1909 1591 Ripley's Compound of Alchymy iv. sig. E3 In our Coniunction foure Elements must aggregate In due proportion, which first a sunder were seperate. 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 837 Darknesse doth aggregate and gather in the sight, and thereby make it dim. 1733 S. Hales Statist. Ess. II. 96 If fresh extravasated Blood be placed before a Microscope, the Globules may be seen by mutual Attraction to aggregate and form greater Globules. 1786 Parl. Reg. Ireland VI. 343 On the fifth of April, 1784, the mob of this city aggregated, called together by seditious hand-bills, which were libels on the King's government. 1835 New Monthly Mag. July 295 It is the nucleus round which all that is best and highest in art aggregates. 1870 H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. (ed. 2) I. ii. vii. 255 The taste of honey aggregates with sweet tastes in general. 1870 R. A. Proctor Other Worlds than Ours iv. 107 We see the polar snows aggregating. 1926 A. G. Tansley & T. F. Chipp Aims & Methods Study Vegetation vii. 116 The ‘primary’ inorganic particles of soil show a tendency to aggregate into ‘compound particles’. 2009 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 3 Dec. 45/3 What all of these species have in common is that they ‘aggregated’, i.e., they formed large concentrations of their species, at least at certain times of year. c. transitive (reflexive). = sense 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (reflexive)] > collect into one mass or body aggregate1810 1810 Philos. Mag. 36 296 The function of the one in nature is to aggregate itself in quantities more or less considerable to form masses. 1857 Hunt's Merchants' Mag. Apr. 466 While capital for banking purposes aggregates itself with rapid and gigantic strides, currency lags far behind it under the operations of our general bank law. 1875 C. Darwin Insectivorous Plants iii. 42 I distinctly saw minute spheres of protoplasm aggregating themselves. 1905 Nature 31 Aug. 440/2 Each ring then aggregated itself round some nucleus which happened to exist in its circumference, and so formed a subordinate nebula. 1991 R. Griffin Nature of Fascism (1993) iii. 78 Diverse Italian fascisms had..aggregated themselves into a powerful extra-parliamentary opposition movement. 2. transitive. To unite (an individual) to (rarely with) an association or company; to add as a constituent member. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > associate with for common purpose [verb (transitive)] > bring into association allyc1325 confeder1380 sociea1387 associate1398 sociate1485 companya1500 band1530 confederate1532 aggregate1534 colleague1535 join1560 enter1563 bandy1597 league1611 colligate1613 club1656 fraternize1656 federalize1787 brigade1831 society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > [verb (transitive)] > admit as member incorporate1530 adopt1538 enrol1623 aggregate1651 associate1806 1534 W. Marshall tr. Erasmus Playne & Godly Expos. Commune Crede v. f. 114^v Other some do expounde it to signifye the sacramentes of the church, which do not profyte, but onely to those, which do aggregate and ioyne themselues to the churche. 1585 T. Bilson True Difference Christian Subiection iii. 436 This terror of conscience made subiectes euen by heapes abandoun their Princes, and aggregate them-selues to the Popes faction. 1601 W. Fulbecke Hist. Coll. Continuall Factions ii. 114 Clodius..hauing aggregated vnto him a rascall route of thriftlesse and vnconscionable ruffians, he..did partly maime and murder the carpenters and workmen. 1651 J. Saint-Amard tr. F. Micanzio Life Father Paul sig. G3^v Being a yeare before that, aggregated to that most famous Colledge of Padua. 1656 tr. T. White Peripateticall Inst. 63 When the supervener has aggregated to it self the parts of that humid body wherein the dissolution was made. 1722 W. Wollaston Relig. of Nature v. 112 Hard to discern, to which of the two sorts, the good or the bad, a man ought to be aggregated. 1786 R. Cumberland Observer I. 152 When they had performed their annual functions, and acquitted themselves without impeachment, they were in course aggregated to the Areopagites. 1801 T. Jefferson Writings (1830) III. 456 These people are now aggregated with us. 1860 R. C. Trench Serm. in Westm. Abbey iii. 22 That great thirteenth apostle, who after the Resurrection was aggregated to the other twelve. 1976 tr. B. Neunheuser in K. Rahner Encycl. Theol. (new ed.) 75 He must still receive the sacrament, for it aggregates him to the Church's visible communion, thus entitling him to take part in all its sacramental and liturgical life in Christ. 2002 R. A. Fletcher Bloodfeud (2003) viii. 149 An earl who might bring a measure of stability to his turbulent Northumbrian province by aggregating it to the West Saxon system of authority. 3. a. transitive. To add (numbers, scores, etc.) together; to find the sum total of. ΚΠ 1821 P. Nicholson Analyt. & Arithm. Ess. vi. 39 Exhibit the different values that maybe found by aggregating the numbers p, q, r, s. 1897 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 3 362 To aggregate the numbers reported by each establishment as the greatest number employed at any one time would be likely to obtain a number in excess of the total number of employés. 1957 Law & Contemp. Probl. 22 214 He also aggregated the values for the years 1907 through 1950. 1980 P. H. Allman Military Retirees i. ii. 30 Aggregating the figures from these tables categorically by major geographic regions provides an abbreviated form for global comparison. 2011 Weekend Austral. (Nexis) 29 Oct. 5 Rather than aggregating scores or points, as most wine shows do, the judges tasted and argued and fought for favourites. b. transitive. To amount in the aggregate to; to form an aggregate of. N.E.D. (1884) labels this use ‘colloq[uial].’ and explains it as ‘elliptical’ and from the noun, comparing it with to average (average v. 2). ΚΠ 1860 Rep. Settlement Land Revenue Provinces Madras 8 The first of these classes, or remissions, contingent on season, aggregated the large sum of nearly 31 lacs of Rupees, being 14 lacs above the preceding Fusly. 1865 Morning Star 17 Apr. The guns captured..will aggregate in all probability five or six hundred. 1879 W. Webster in Cassell's Techn. Educator IV. 132/1 British vessels, aggregating 520,019 tons burden. 1913 Sat. Evening Post (Philadelphia) 22 Feb. 30/1 (advt.) The Company's reserves and other assets are in approved securities,..aggregating $10,256,384.65. 1988 D. A. Thomas Compan. Royal Navy iii. 230/1 The combined assembled fleets for the battle of Barfleur aggregated nearly 140 ships. 2007 Drug Week (Nexis) 16 Nov. 1677 This transaction provided BDSI with an up front payment of $30 million dollars at closing and payments aggregating another $30 million upon FDA approval and commercial launch. 4. transitive. To gather (articles, videos, or other items of digital content) from the internet and present them to the user on a single website, application, etc. ΚΠ 1994 U.S. Newswire (Nexis) 9 Nov. PowerUP Online aggregates valuable content and organizes activities and resources in an easy-to-use format for use in grades K-12. 1999 J. Udell Pract. Internet Groupware 38 An FAQ maintainer will periodically repost a message that documents some area of knowledge and, in so doing, aggregate relevant web content. 2006 A. Steffen et al. Worldchanging (2008) 420/2 Content is also syndicated and aggregated via a couple of technologies, RSS and Atom, which are formats for encoding content so that it can be parsed and displayed in other environments. 2012 Northern Echo (Nexis) 19 May 18 Flipboard aggregates all the content you subscribe to through social networks like Facebook and Twitter. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.n.c1400v.?a1425
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