单词 | clog |
释义 | clogn. 1. A thick piece of wood; a short piece of the trunk, or of a large root, of a tree; a block, clump. Still the ordinary sense in Scotland. yule clog n. a Christmas log for the fire. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood in specific form > [noun] > block blockc1305 clogc1440 chocka1582 chunk1781 wood-block1837 buntons1839 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 83 Clogge, truncus. c1450 (c1400) Sowdon of Babylon (1881) l. 2919 With a Clog of an Oke he faught. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 206/1 Clogge, billot. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Nii/2 A Clog, log, truncus. a1825 Descr. Scotland (Jam.) Great clogges of timber. 1834 A. E. Bray Warleigh II. ii. 52 Well roasted by the ‘yule clog’ of a Christmas fire. 1886 A. Stewart Reminisc. Dunfermline 61 The roots of large trees called ‘clogs’ were now brought. 2. a. A block or heavy piece of wood, or the like, attached to the leg or neck of a person or animal, to impede motion or prevent escape. ΘΠ society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > binding or fettering > [noun] > bond(s) or fetter(s) or shackle(s) > for the feet or legs > piece of wood clog1450 log1837 1450 in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1859) II. 232 Jac Napes wolde one the see a maryner to ben, With his cloge and his cheyn. 1461 Past. Lett. No. 414. II. 48 I am with the gayler, with a clogge upon myn hele. a1475 Bk. Curtasye (Sloane 1986) l. 108 in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 302 Þou art lyke an ape teyȝed with a clogge. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Niiv/1 A Clogge at ye foote, impedimentum. 1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing i. iii. 31 I am trusted with a mussel, and enfraunchisde with a clogge . View more context for this quotation 1629 J. Cole Of Death 45 The body is but to the soule as a clogge tied to the legge. 1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) 323 Clogs, pieces of Wood, or such like, fastned about the Necks, or to the Legs of Beasts, that they run not away. 1830 Lamb in Blackwood's Mag. 27 101 I never tied tin-kettle, clog, Or salt-box to the tail of dog, Without a pang. b. A load to obstruct the motion of anything. ΘΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > [noun] > that which closes by blocking stoppance1493 stoppage1540 obstruction1604 clogging1647 clog1669 obstruent1669 glut1695 1669 R. Boyle Contin. New Exper. Physico-mech. (1682) i. 23 We perceived the Bladder to swell and concluded that it had lifted up its clog about an inch. 1669 R. Boyle Contin. New Exper. Physico-mech. (1682) i. 112 The Clog, when all the Air was come in, was swiftly raised. c. A block or lump tied to anything for use or ornament; e.g. to a key to prevent its being lost. ΘΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > mass formed by collection of particles > dense or compact > tied to anything for use or ornament clogc1325 c1325 Pol. Songs (1839) 154 For the clogges that cleveth by here chelle. c1450 (c1400) Sowdon of Babylon (1881) l. 1603 With the Keye cloge, þat she caught. 1555 J. Heywood Two Hundred Epigrammes with Thyrde sig. D.v Euery key hath a clog. 3. figurative. Anything that impedes action or progress; an impediment, encumbrance, hindrance. ΘΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > [noun] > one who or that which hinders > a hindrance, impediment, or obstacle hinderc1200 withsetting1340 obstaclec1385 traversea1393 mara1400 bayc1440 stoppagec1450 barrace1480 blocka1500 objecta1500 clog1526 stumbling-stone1526 bar1530 (to cast) a trump in (one's) way1548 stumbling-stock1548 hindrance1576 a log in one's way1579 crossbar1582 log1589 rub1589 threshold1600 scotch1601 dam1602 remora1604 obex1611 obstructiona1616 stumbling-blocka1616 fence1639 affront1642 retardance1645 stick1645 balk1660 obstruent1669 blockade1683 sprun1684 spoke1689 cross cause1696 uncomplaisance1707 barrier1712 obstruct1747 dike1770 abatis1808 underbrush1888 bunker1900 bump1909 sprag1914 hurdle1924 headwind1927 mudhole1933 monkey wrench1937 roadblock1945 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Hviiv As burdons or clogges retaryeng or lettyng them in their iourney. 1577 H. I. tr. H. Bullinger 50 Godlie Serm. I. ii. x. sig. P.ij/2 A greeuous clog to her husband. 1681 J. Dryden Absalom & Achitophel 19 That Kings were Useless, and a Clog to Trade. 1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iii. viii. 112 A perpetual Clog to publick Business. 1814 R. Southey Roderick iv Like a spirit which hath shaken off The clog of dull mortality. 1885 Manch. Examiner 6 Apr. 4/7 Women and children are a clog upon rapid movements. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > fir- or pine-cone pine nuteOE nutOE pineapplea1398 cone1562 cone-nut1562 pineapple nut1568 clog1577 chat1697 fir-apple1712 pine cone1723 strobilus1753 strobile1777 fir-bob1854 fir-ball1878 dennebol1909 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 103 The Pine tree..: the kernelles must be geathered in Iune, before the clogges doo open. 1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) 324 Coniferous Trees, are such that bear Cones or Clogs. 1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Fir tree The Kernels and Nuts, which may be got out of their Cones and Clogs. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > root > [noun] > tuber clog1597 tuber1668 tuberous root1668 tubercle1728 storage tuber1914 1597 J. Gerard Herball i. 91 The roote consisteth of many knobs or tuberous clogs. 1657 W. Coles Adam in Eden 68 The roots (of orpine) are divers thick, round, white, tuberous Clogs. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 115/1 Clogs, or knotty roots..hanging together by threds. 6. (a) A wooden-soled overshoe or sandal worn (chiefly by women) in some localities, to protect the feet from wet and dirt; (b) a shoe with a thick wooden sole protected by a rim of metal, worn in the north. [Probably the name belongs originally to the thick wooden sole alone: compare clog v. 9] ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > shoe or boot > shoe > [noun] > types of > with specific types of sole > wooden sole clog1416 galoshc1440 sock1691 sabot1840 geta1876 bakya1916 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > shoe or boot > shoe > [noun] > types of > with specific types of sole > wooden sole > to protect from wet or dirt clog1416 1416 Act 4 Hen. V c. 3 §1 Qe les Patynmakers..ne facent ascuns patyns ne clogges del maeresme appelle Aspe. 1671 tr. J. de Palafox y Mendoza Hist. Conquest of China by Tartars xxxii. 582 Chopino's are high Cloggs, which the Women use in Spain. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 14/2 Cloggs are shooes with thick Wooden Soles. 1742 H. Walpole Corr. (ed. 3) I. xxxvi. 146 I remember at the playhouse, they used to call on Mrs. Oldfield's chair! Mrs. Barry's clogs! and Mrs. Bracegirdle's pattens! a1817 J. Austen Northanger Abbey (1818) I. ii. 16 A fear on Mrs. Allen's side of having once left her clogs behind her at an inn. View more context for this quotation 1820 Ann. Reg. 312 (Manchester Sessions) They kicked me with their clogs. 1843 W. M. Thackeray Men's Wives in Fraser's Mag. 27 357/2 He leaves his clogs in the passage..in the muddiest weather he never has a speck on his foot. a1849 E. Elliott More Verse & Prose (1850) I. 67 To clomp in my clogs there, I is not inclin'd. 1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words anley & Corringham, Lincs. (4) A wooden-soled over-shoe worn by women. 1883 T. Lees Easther's Gloss. Dial. Almondbury & Huddersfield Clogs, shoes with wooden soles..they are particularly useful in the factories where dyeing is going on. ΘΠ the world > time > reckoning of time > calendar > [noun] > a contrivance used as clog1686 calendar1719 1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. x. 418 An ancient sort of Almanacks they call Cloggs, made upon square sticks, still in use here amongst the meaner sort of people. a1765 W. Stukeley Itin Curiosum VI. 131 St. Martin's day, in the Norway clogs, is marked with a goose. 1835 R. Southey Doctor III. 156 In Peter Hopkins's time the clogg was still found in farm houses. Compounds C1. General attributive. clog-like adj. Π 1861 C. Norton Lady of La Garaye iv. 197 The slandered..Who hears for evermore the self-same lie Clank clog-like at his heels. clog-maker n. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > making footwear > [noun] > one who makes clogs clog-maker1723 clogger1745 1723 London Gaz. No. 6170/8 John Willson..Clog-maker. 1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon x. 251 Purchased by the clog-makers and turners. clog-wearing adj. Π a1849 E. Elliott More Verse & Prose (1850) I. 67 Clog-wearing Madge. C2. clog-almanac n. = 7. clog-boot n. a wooden-soled boot. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > shoe or boot > boot > [noun] > with specific types of sole clog-boot1681 kletterschuh1920 Vibram1950 1681 London Gaz. No. 1592/4 A short pair of Clog-Boots. clog-dance n. a dance performed in clogs or wooden-soled shoes. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > dancing > types of dance or dancing > tap- or step-dancing > [noun] treble1805 clog-dance1881 step-dancing1886 step-dance1887 sand-dancea1894 soft-shoe1900 sand-dancing1905 tap-dancing1928 tap-dance1929 tap1944 tapping1944 1881 Daily Tel. 27 Dec. A grand international clog-dance. clog-dancer n. Π 1598 Famous Victories Henry V sig. D4v Come ye cloghead. clog-hornpipe n. (cf.clog-dance n.). clog-weed n. (see quot.). Π 1878–86 J. Britten & R. Holland Dict. Eng. Plant-names Clog-weed, (1) Heracleum Sphondylium, Glou. (2) Scabiosa arvensis, S. Bucks. 1879 R. Jefferies Wild Life 165 A deep, broad ditch, overshadowed by tall hemlock and clogweed. clog-wheat n. a bearded variety of wheat; also called, from the conical form of its spike, cone-wheat. Π 1763 J. Bones in Philos. Trans. 1762 (Royal Soc.) 52 530 Clog-wheat, or rivets, or bearded-wheat, (as it is variously called in this county [Suffolk]). 1863 J. C. Morton Cycl. Agric. (new ed.) I. Clog-wheat, cone-wheat. ΘΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles according to means of motion > vehicle moving on wheels > [noun] > parts of vehicle moving on wheels > wheel > of specific type or position cartwheelc1386 truckle1459 trundle1564 clog-wheel1575 trindle1594 coach-wheel1647 roulette1659 roller1763 horizontal wheel1794 castora1800 castor-wheel1805 artillery wheel1834 training wheel1848 trailing wheel1850 spider-wheel1868 front wheel1878 trailer1884 trendle1887 wire wheel1907 square wheels1924 jockey-wheel1952 1575 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 254 Ij paire clogg wheeles for oxen. 1878 W. Dickinson Gloss. Words & Phrases Cumberland (ed. 2) Clog wheels, cart wheels of thick plank and without spokes. In common use in the 18th century. Draft additions March 2021 Originally English regional (Lancashire). Proverb. (from) clogs to clogs (in three generations) and variants: wealth gained in one generation of a family will be lost by the third generation. Cf. (from) shirtsleeves to shirtsleeves (in three generations) at shirtsleeve n. Phrases.Expressing the idea that the first generation of a family will acquire wealth through hard work, the second will live an affluent life but lack a strong work ethic, and, as a result, by the third generation, the family will be reduced to their original circumstances. ΚΠ 1868 Preston Chron. & Lancs. Advertiser 1 Feb. 4/6 A saying is prevalent in East Lancashire, with reference to the speedy dissipation of property speedily acquired, that ‘there are only three generations from clogs to clogs’. 1899 G. Gore Sci. Basis Morality 129 The decline and fall of noble families and of great manufacturing and commercial firms, are both brought about by..the sacrifice of duty to pleasure, and hence has arisen the saying respecting ironmasters, ‘from clogs to clogs in three generations’. 1989 Guardian 6 Feb. 13/8 It is a move which breaks the ‘clogs to clogs’ syndrome, allowing family companies to restore freedom of choice to shareholders. 2002 Advertiser (Austral.) (Nexis) 11 Nov. 16 The old maxim ‘From clogs to clogs’ (whereby the first generation establishes an enterprise, the second develops it and the third generation squanders it) has direct parallels with Australia's fortunes in recent times. 2020 Independent (Nexis) 18 July (Business section) 38 It's impossible not to be reminded of the old Lancashire aphorism: clogs to clogs in three generations... What should alarm anyone who has created a business and still owns and runs it, is just how often the proverb comes true. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2022). clogv. 1. transitive. To fasten a clog or heavy block of wood to; to fetter or confine by this means. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > binding or fettering > bind, fetter, or shackle [verb (transitive)] > by the feet or legs > fasten block of wood to cloga1398 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. xiv. 1150 Þis [sc. an oxeherde] feedeþ and norissheþ oxen..and byndeþ here feet..and cloggeþ hem while þay ben in pasture. 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1392/2 His master..manie times caused him to be chained, locked, and clogged, to staie his running awaie. 1658 tr. J. Ussher Ann. World 91 Being clogged with chaines of steel, he was carried away..to Babylon. a1822 P. B. Shelley in Shelley Papers (1833) 171 Superstition..has..clogged man to earth. 1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. xx. 514 Horses..clogged with a bar of wood. 2. a. transferred. To load so as to entangle or impede the motion of; to encumber, hamper. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > absence of movement > render immobile [verb (transitive)] > render motionless > by hampering or entangling cumber1487 tangle1511 poister1523 entangle1533 clog1583 tie1598 flag1622 stick1635 impester1653 felter1768 hamper1804 mire1889 1583 P. Stubbes Anat. Abuses sig. Hvii With their fingers clogged with rings. a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) ii. xii. §2. 338 Hence 'tis, the Delver bound and clogd in clowted buskin, sings. 1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey II. v. 410 Clogg'd by the cumbrous vest Calypso gave. 1863 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea II. vii. 140 The whole flotilla would be clogged by the slowness of the sailing vessels. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > weight or relative heaviness > weight [verb (transitive)] > make heavy > add weight to peisea1450 ballast1566 loaden1568 load1578 poise1586 ingravidate1642 imponderate1667 clog1692 weight1747 1692 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 2) ii. 58 Though the..Teeth of the Wheels..be never so smooth..yet if they be not oyl'd, will hardly move, though you clog them with never so much weight. 3. a. figurative. To load, burden, encumber, hamper. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > types or manners of hindrance > hinder in specific manner [verb (transitive)] > encumber accumberc1275 encumberc1386 accloy1422 overlay1441 cumber1493 poister1523 pester1533 overgrowa1550 clog1564 cloy1564 aggravate1573 trasha1616 hamper1775 mither1847 lumber1861 1564 T. Becon New Catech. in Catech. & Other Pieces (1844) 300 In things that be indifferent, we must..clog no man's conscience. 1618 E. Elton Complaint Sanctified Sinner vi. 115 Clogged with the yoke and burden of their sinnes. 1647 A. Cowley Mistresse 62 Clogging it [an Estate] with Legacies. 1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. i. iv. 27 This power of exchanging must frequently have been very much clogged . View more context for this quotation 1839 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe II. v. 316 To avoid..the combinations of consonants that clog our language. a1855 C. Brontë Professor (1857) II. xxiii. 175 Man is ever clogged with his mortality. b. figurative. To hinder, impede, obstruct (actions). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hinder [verb (transitive)] letc888 shrenchc897 forstanda1000 amarOE disturbc1290 impeachc1380 stopc1380 withstandc1385 hinder1413 accloy1422 hindc1426 to hold abackc1440 appeachc1460 impeditec1535 inhibit1535 obstacle1538 damp1548 trip1548 embarrass1578 dam1582 to clip the wings ofa1593 unhelp1598 uppen1600 straiten1607 rub1608 impediment1610 impedea1616 to put out1616 to put off1631 scote1642 obstruct1645 incommodiate1650 offend1651 sufflaminate1656 hindrance1664 disassist1671 clog1679 muzzle1706 squeeze1804 to take the wind out of the sails of1822 throttle1825 block1844 overslaugh1853 snag1863 gum1901 slow-walk1965 1679 R. South Serm. Several Occasions 56 The Devotion of men is apt to be clogged by such Ceremonies. 1742 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1851) IV. 542 Everything that tendered to Clog the Importation of them. 1775 E. Burke Corr. (1844) II. 55 A minority cannot make or carry on a war; but a minority..may clog a war. 1876 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People viii. 7. 539 The old loyalty, too, clogged their enterprise. 4. To encumber or impede as clay or other sticky matter by adhesion. Cf. to clag n. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > absence of movement > render immobile [verb (transitive)] > render motionless > by sticky substance gluea1387 clag1526 clog1526 shelf1652 beboga1661 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. hiiiv Clogged in the claye & slyme of vice. a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. ii. 60 If..you finde so much blood in his Liuer, as will clog the foote of a flea. View more context for this quotation a1640 T. Risdon Chorogr. Surv. Devon (1811) (modernized text) §222 232 Clawton..a place full of clay..insomuch that a proverbial speech passeth thereon: ‘The Devil was clogged in Clawmore’. 1886 G. Allen & M. Cotes Kalee's Shrine xiii. 144 Sinking in mud..It clogs you and hampers you on every side. 5. To fill up with anything that impedes or obstructs action or function, to encumber; esp. to choke up so as to hinder free passage, to obstruct.In the first quot., probably an error for cloy. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)] > close by obstruction or block up fordita800 forstop?c1225 estopa1420 accloy1422 ferma1522 clam1527 quar1542 cloy1548 dam1553 occlude1581 clog1586 impeach1586 bung1589 gravel1602 impediment1610 stifle1631 foul1642 obstipate1656 obturate1657 choke1669 blockade1696 to flop up1838 jama1865 to ball up1884 gunge1976 the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up (space or a place) [verb (transitive)] > fill > to obstruction cumberc1394 encumberc1400 cloy1548 pester1548 accumberc1571 clog1586 to take up1587 lumber1642 over-clog1660 crowd1741 jama1865 1586 C. Hatton in Ld. Campbell Lives Chancellors (1856) II. xlv. 276 They had conspired to..clog all the great ordnance. 1670 S. Wilson Lassels's Voy. Italy (new ed.) ii. 233 A world of these statues..in euery roome in the house, which they clog rather then adorne. 1696 W. Whiston Disc. conc. Mosaick Hist. Creation 18 in New Theory of Earth Air..clogg'd with gross Vapours. 1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc i. 454 Famine.. Mark'd the gorged raven clog his beak with gore. 1824 J. Johnson Typographia II. 646 Until it so clogs the type, that the work is..scarcely legible. 1844 W. Dufton Nature & Treatm. Deafness 77 When the Eustachian tube is clogged up with mucus. 1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby I. i. xi. 131 The road..was clogged with carriages. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > feeling of weariness or tedium > be or become wearied or bored with [verb (transitive)] > satiate or surfeit sadeOE overcloy1527 satiatea1530 stuff1530 cloy1576 clog1590 surcloy1594 satea1616 clama1670 pall1680 stale1709 1590 R. Greene Mourning Garment 56 Thus clog'd with loue with passions and with griefe. 1610 J. Healey tr. J. L. Vives in tr. St. Augustine Citie of God xvi. ix. 584 I do but glance at this for feare of clogging my reader. a1704 T. Brown Satire against Woman (rev. ed.) in Wks. (1730) I. 57 Clogg'd with incest and adultery, To lusts more strange..they fly. 7. intransitive (for reflexive). To become encumbered or obstructed, to stick. literal and figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > absence of movement > [verb (intransitive)] > cease to move or become motionless > be arrested or intercepted in progress steek?a1400 sticka1450 lodge1611 intercept1612 catch1620 clog1633 jam1706 rake1725 fasten1744 set1756 hitch1897 seize1917 the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hinder [verb (intransitive)] > be hindered steek?a1400 clog1633 stall1910 1633 G. Herbert Praise in Temple iii When thou dost on businesse blow, It hangs, it clogs. 1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 73 in Sylva Move it sometimes with a broom that the seeds clog not together. 1739 S. Sharp Treat. Operations Surg. xxvii. 147 The teeth of the saw will begin to clog. 8. transitive. To put clogs on. [ < clog n. 6.] ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > in specific way > with specific garments > footwear shoec897 boot1468 sandal1713 streek1815 clog1827 slipper1856 beslipper1866 1827 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) IV. 497 It is time for me to..clog and coat myself, and sally forth to face the storm. 9. To put wooden soles on (shoes, etc.).Common in north of England and south of Scotland: e.g. ‘Take the shoes to the clogger who will clog them for the winter.’ ΚΠ 1640 [implied in: Wilmslow Churchwardens' Accts. in J. P. Earwaker E. Cheshire (1877) I. 110 Paid for the clogginge of a paire of clogges for Manners Newton iiijd. (at clogging n. 2b)]. 10. intransitive and transitive. To perform (a clog-dance). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > dancing > types of dance or dancing > tap- or step-dancing > tap- or step-dance [verb (intransitive)] step-dance1887 sand-dance1905 clog1925 tap-dance1929 soft-shoe1938 society > leisure > dancing > types of dance or dancing > tap- or step-dancing > [verb (transitive)] clog1946 1925 F. S. Fitzgerald Great Gatsby vii. 139 ‘I don't care!’ cried Daisy, and began to clog on the brick fireplace. 1933 H. Allen Anthony Adverse II. v. xxix. 413 Some of the men started to clog on the deck till Mrs. Jorham snorted. 1946 R. Blesh Shining Trumpets (1949) iv. 97 Three little Negro girls..were singing while they skipped and clogged a simple dance. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < |
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