affluencen.

Brit.

/ˈaflʊəns/, U.S.

/ˈæˌfluəns/,

/əˈfluəns/

Forms: Middle English affluens, Middle English– affluence; also Scottish pre-1700 affluens.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French affluence; Latin affluentia.

Etymology: < (i) Middle French affluence (French affluence ) profusion, abundance (a1380; frequently with specific reference to worldly possessions), act of flowing or moving towards a particular point (1443, originally in specific sense ‘great movement of people, moving crowd’; already in Old French in sense ‘transportation or production of goods’ (c1308)); and its etymon (ii) classical Latin affluentia flow, abundance, sumptuousness, extravagance < affluent- , affluēns , present participle of affluere afflue v. + -ia -ia suffix¹. Compare Catalan afluència (15th cent.), Spanish afluencia (late 14th cent. as †affluencia), Italian affluenza (1305 as †affluenzia).

a. An abundant flow or supply (of words, feelings, riches, etc.); profusion.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [noun]

speedOE

fulsomenesslOE

wonea1300

fulsomeheada1325

cheapc1325

largitya1382

plenteousnessa1382

plenteoustea1382

plentya1382

abundancec1384

affluencec1390

largenessc1400

uberty?a1412

aboundingc1425

fullness1440

copiousness1447

rifenessc1450

copy1484

abundancy?1526

copiosity1543

plentifulness1555

ampleness1566

umberty?1578

acquire1592

amplitude1605

plentitude1609

plenitude1614

fertility1615

profluence1623

fluency1624

flushness1662

rowtha1689

sonsea1689

affluentness1727

raff1801

richness1814

the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [noun] > profuseness, luxuriousness, or lushness > a profusion or lavish abundance > viewed as flowing or falling

stream971

flood1340

affluencec1390

showera1425

spatec1425

delugec1430

rain1590

spring tide1592

cataract?1614

flux1678

c1390 (?c1350) St. Augustine l. 1178 in C. Horstmann Sammlung Altengl. Legenden (1878) 81 He floureþ wiþ ensaumples of vertuwes in liuing And wiþ affluence wonderliche in teching [L. affluentia doctrinarum].

1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) l. 94 Neythyr Tullius,..Ner Demostenes of Grece, more affluence Neuere had in rethoryk.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Boke yf Eneydos vi. sig. B.viii^v Her fayr swete eyen..better semed two grete sourges wellynge vp grete affluence of teerys.

1542 T. Becon Pleasaunt Newe Nosegaye sig. B.i There to abunde with all affluence & plente of all worldly rytches.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. xii. 374 sig. Aa4^v What euer in this worldly state Is sweete..Was poured forth with plentifull dispence, And made there to abound with lauish affluence.

1610 J. Healey tr. St. Augustine Citie of God xiv. x. 511 How could they either feare or grieue in that copious affluence of blisse?

1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar ii. 95 We shall not finde any great affluence of temporall accruements.

1709 J. Addison Tatler No. 162. ⁋1 I daily live in a very comfortable Affluence of Wine, Stale Beer, Hungary Water, Beef, Books, and Marrow-Bones.

1779 S. Johnson Dryden in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets III. 193 The affluence and comprehension of our language is..displayed in our poetical translations of Ancient Writers.

1849 H. W. Longfellow Kavanagh xii. 56 Winter..with its affluence of snows.

1867 A. C. Swinburne in Fortn. Rev. Oct. 420 The ambient ardour of noon, the fiery affluence of evening.

1926 R. E. Spiller Amer. in Eng. ix. 342 There seemed to be a constant struggling between an affluence of words and an affluence of ideas.

1999 R. Hansen Hitler's Niece (2000) vii. 81 She saw an unconscious man being hauled out of the Hofbräuhaus by the ankles, his face an affluence of blood.

b. Profusion or abundance of money or possessions; wealth, prosperity.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > wealth > wealth or riches > [noun]

wealc888

ednessa1200

richessea1200

richdomc1225

richesses?c1225

wealtha1275

richesc1275

winc1275

warison1297

wonea1300

merchandisec1300

aver1330

richesc1330

substancea1382

abundancec1384

suffisance1390

talenta1400

pelf?a1505

opulence?1518

wealthsa1533

money bag1562

capital1569

opulency1584

affluency1591

affluence1593

exuberance1675

nabobism1784

money1848

1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares f. 75^v They might have spent theyr daies in all affluence and delicacy.

1608 Bp. J. King Serm. St. Maries Oxf. 29 The very wormes that growe out of their [sc. Kings'] fulnes & affluence.

1655 O. Howe Pagan Preacher Silenced 37 David spake of the outward prosperity and affluence of his enemies.

1713 T. Tickell in Guardian 6 Apr. 1/2 They lived in great Affluence.

1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield II. xiii. 218 As merry as affluence and innocence could make them.

1807 R. Southey Lett. II. 35 It was not possible to make a better use of affluence than he did.

1840 T. B. Macaulay Ld. Clive in Ess. II. 521 Trade revived; and the signs of affluence appeared in every English house.

1901 Chambers's Jrnl. 232/2 He now takes life as becomes a man of affluence, with a wife who is a society queen.

1958 Listener 25 Sept. 449/2 We also shall, in the not too distant future, enter the age of affluence.

2010 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 6 May a8/3 The campus exudes affluence. Students joke about the ‘Gucci corridor’, a spot where well-coiffed students gather each afternoon.

a. A general movement of people in a particular direction, a moving crowd; a mass of people congregating in one place. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > [noun] > passage in a continuous stream > to one place

confluence?a1475

affluence1579

afflux1603

conflux1614

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > [noun] > towards each other or convergence > of numbers of people

concoursec1384

repairc1390

confluence?a1475

resort1485

recourse1516

concursion1533

affluence1579

afflux1603

conflux1614

concurrence1632

flocking1669

run1792

1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin i. 71 With this affluence and concurse of people, after he had visited the great Church, he was ledd..to be lodged in the castell.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xlv. vii. 1205 The affluence of the people was so great..that for the very prease he could not march forward [L. progredi prae turba occurrentium..non poterat].

?1681 Factum of French 2 So great an affluence of Protestants, as would be sufficient to people those many quarters,..which are now not Inhabited.

1799 New Ann. Reg. 1798 Brit. & Foreign Hist. 233/1 To prevent the too great affluence of people from the invaded provinces.

1858 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia II. viii. v. 344 There had been great affluence of company, and no lack of diversions.

1879 G. A. Sala Paris herself Again (ed. 5) II. xix. 287 The ‘affluence’ of spectators [was] immense.

1998 tr. in M. Sluhovsky Patroness of Paris v. 133 I have never seen such an affluence of people in the streets as in this procession.

b. A flow or movement of liquid, energy, etc., towards or into a particular place, esp. within the body.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > [noun] > flowing towards

affluxion1583

afflux1603

affluence1615

the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > [noun] > action or process of flowing > towards

affluxion1583

affluence1615

adfluxion1783

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 237 What through the affluence of humours, what through attrectation.

1684 tr. T. Bonet Guide Pract. Physician i. 8 Others die, when there is not a sufficient Affluence to the heart to continue the Circulation.

1686 C. Allen Operator for Teeth v. 29 Sometimes there will be..an affluence of blood from the Teeth into the Gums.

1711 J. Addison in Spectator 13 Dec. 2/1 Conveying into it [sc. the mouth] a perpetual Affluence of animal Spirits.

1760 R. Symmer in Philos. Trans. 1759 (Royal Soc.) 51 380 The effluence and affluence of electrical matter.

1857 Jrnl. Franklin Inst. Jan. 18 The influence of the enclosure of the mere, on the affluence of the water to these sluices.

1920 Med. Rev. of Reviews 26 191 Checking by the greater affluence of blood to the diseased parts the evolution of the infecting microbes.

2003 V. Cappelletti in R. Dottori Legitimacy of Truth iv. 200 The action of the soul would supposedly be involved in the affluence of spirits to the muscles.

Compounds

affluence test n. originally U.S. a means test designed to reduce or eliminate the entitlement of more affluent claimants to a publicly funded benefit, esp. one that was previously awarded regardless of personal wealth or income.

ΚΠ

1993 P. G. Peterson Facing Up Introd. 35 My plan includes a steeply progressive ‘affluence test’ that uses a sliding scale to withhold entitlement benefits from families with incomes above the U.S. median.

1998 Observer (Nexis) 11 Jan. (News section) 1 Ms Harman told the Observer that the Government's welfare reforms would..be based..on an affluence test, arguing it was legitimate for the affluent, including disabled people, to pay for some of their benefits.

2005 R. Holzmann et al. Old-age Income Support in 21st Cent. vi. 97 A basic pension for the elderly is provided based on a means test (which may take the form of an affluence test).

affluence testing n. originally U.S. the use of affluence tests.

ΚΠ

1993 P. S. Hewitt in Retirement Income Security (U.S. Congr. House Comm. Ways & Means) 116 Enormous savings are possible through affluence testing.

1998 Scotsman 28 July 15 [He] may go for taxing child benefits. The Chancellor..is known to favour ‘affluence testing’—taxing or removing benefits for people on high incomes.

2011 Houston Chron. (Nexis) 22 Mar. b10 The commission would reduce Medicare and Medicaid payments to doctors and suggests ‘affluence testing’ could reduce expenditures.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	affluence
释义	affluencen. Brit. /ˈaflʊəns/, U.S. /ˈæˌfluəns/, /əˈfluəns/ Forms: Middle English affluens, Middle English– affluence; also Scottish pre-1700 affluens. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French affluence; Latin affluentia. Etymology: < (i) Middle French affluence (French affluence ) profusion, abundance (a1380; frequently with specific reference to worldly possessions), act of flowing or moving towards a particular point (1443, originally in specific sense ‘great movement of people, moving crowd’; already in Old French in sense ‘transportation or production of goods’ (c1308)); and its etymon (ii) classical Latin affluentia flow, abundance, sumptuousness, extravagance < affluent- , affluēns , present participle of affluere afflue v. + -ia -ia suffix¹. Compare Catalan afluència (15th cent.), Spanish afluencia (late 14th cent. as †affluencia), Italian affluenza (1305 as †affluenzia). 1. a. An abundant flow or supply (of words, feelings, riches, etc.); profusion. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [noun] speedOE fulsomenesslOE wonea1300 fulsomeheada1325 cheapc1325 largitya1382 plenteousnessa1382 plenteoustea1382 plentya1382 abundancec1384 affluencec1390 largenessc1400 uberty?a1412 aboundingc1425 fullness1440 copiousness1447 rifenessc1450 copy1484 abundancy?1526 copiosity1543 plentifulness1555 ampleness1566 umberty?1578 acquire1592 amplitude1605 plentitude1609 plenitude1614 fertility1615 profluence1623 fluency1624 flushness1662 rowtha1689 sonsea1689 affluentness1727 raff1801 richness1814 the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [noun] > profuseness, luxuriousness, or lushness > a profusion or lavish abundance > viewed as flowing or falling stream971 flood1340 affluencec1390 showera1425 spatec1425 delugec1430 rain1590 spring tide1592 cataract?1614 flux1678 c1390 (?c1350) St. Augustine l. 1178 in C. Horstmann Sammlung Altengl. Legenden (1878) 81 He floureþ wiþ ensaumples of vertuwes in liuing And wiþ affluence wonderliche in teching [L. affluentia doctrinarum]. 1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) l. 94 Neythyr Tullius,..Ner Demostenes of Grece, more affluence Neuere had in rethoryk. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Boke yf Eneydos vi. sig. B.viii^v Her fayr swete eyen..better semed two grete sourges wellynge vp grete affluence of teerys. 1542 T. Becon Pleasaunt Newe Nosegaye sig. B.i There to abunde with all affluence & plente of all worldly rytches. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. xii. 374 sig. Aa4^v What euer in this worldly state Is sweete..Was poured forth with plentifull dispence, And made there to abound with lauish affluence. 1610 J. Healey tr. St. Augustine Citie of God xiv. x. 511 How could they either feare or grieue in that copious affluence of blisse? 1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar ii. 95 We shall not finde any great affluence of temporall accruements. 1709 J. Addison Tatler No. 162. ⁋1 I daily live in a very comfortable Affluence of Wine, Stale Beer, Hungary Water, Beef, Books, and Marrow-Bones. 1779 S. Johnson Dryden in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets III. 193 The affluence and comprehension of our language is..displayed in our poetical translations of Ancient Writers. 1849 H. W. Longfellow Kavanagh xii. 56 Winter..with its affluence of snows. 1867 A. C. Swinburne in Fortn. Rev. Oct. 420 The ambient ardour of noon, the fiery affluence of evening. 1926 R. E. Spiller Amer. in Eng. ix. 342 There seemed to be a constant struggling between an affluence of words and an affluence of ideas. 1999 R. Hansen Hitler's Niece (2000) vii. 81 She saw an unconscious man being hauled out of the Hofbräuhaus by the ankles, his face an affluence of blood. b. Profusion or abundance of money or possessions; wealth, prosperity. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > wealth > wealth or riches > [noun] wealc888 ednessa1200 richessea1200 richdomc1225 richesses?c1225 wealtha1275 richesc1275 winc1275 warison1297 wonea1300 merchandisec1300 aver1330 richesc1330 substancea1382 abundancec1384 suffisance1390 talenta1400 pelf?a1505 opulence?1518 wealthsa1533 money bag1562 capital1569 opulency1584 affluency1591 affluence1593 exuberance1675 nabobism1784 money1848 1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares f. 75^v They might have spent theyr daies in all affluence and delicacy. 1608 Bp. J. King Serm. St. Maries Oxf. 29 The very wormes that growe out of their [sc. Kings'] fulnes & affluence. 1655 O. Howe Pagan Preacher Silenced 37 David spake of the outward prosperity and affluence of his enemies. 1713 T. Tickell in Guardian 6 Apr. 1/2 They lived in great Affluence. 1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield II. xiii. 218 As merry as affluence and innocence could make them. 1807 R. Southey Lett. II. 35 It was not possible to make a better use of affluence than he did. 1840 T. B. Macaulay Ld. Clive in Ess. II. 521 Trade revived; and the signs of affluence appeared in every English house. 1901 Chambers's Jrnl. 232/2 He now takes life as becomes a man of affluence, with a wife who is a society queen. 1958 Listener 25 Sept. 449/2 We also shall, in the not too distant future, enter the age of affluence. 2010 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 6 May a8/3 The campus exudes affluence. Students joke about the ‘Gucci corridor’, a spot where well-coiffed students gather each afternoon. 2. a. A general movement of people in a particular direction, a moving crowd; a mass of people congregating in one place. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > travel > [noun] > passage in a continuous stream > to one place confluence?a1475 affluence1579 afflux1603 conflux1614 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > [noun] > towards each other or convergence > of numbers of people concoursec1384 repairc1390 confluence?a1475 resort1485 recourse1516 concursion1533 affluence1579 afflux1603 conflux1614 concurrence1632 flocking1669 run1792 1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin i. 71 With this affluence and concurse of people, after he had visited the great Church, he was ledd..to be lodged in the castell. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xlv. vii. 1205 The affluence of the people was so great..that for the very prease he could not march forward [L. progredi prae turba occurrentium..non poterat]. ?1681 Factum of French 2 So great an affluence of Protestants, as would be sufficient to people those many quarters,..which are now not Inhabited. 1799 New Ann. Reg. 1798 Brit. & Foreign Hist. 233/1 To prevent the too great affluence of people from the invaded provinces. 1858 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia II. viii. v. 344 There had been great affluence of company, and no lack of diversions. 1879 G. A. Sala Paris herself Again (ed. 5) II. xix. 287 The ‘affluence’ of spectators [was] immense. 1998 tr. in M. Sluhovsky Patroness of Paris v. 133 I have never seen such an affluence of people in the streets as in this procession. b. A flow or movement of liquid, energy, etc., towards or into a particular place, esp. within the body. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > [noun] > flowing towards affluxion1583 afflux1603 affluence1615 the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > [noun] > action or process of flowing > towards affluxion1583 affluence1615 adfluxion1783 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 237 What through the affluence of humours, what through attrectation. 1684 tr. T. Bonet Guide Pract. Physician i. 8 Others die, when there is not a sufficient Affluence to the heart to continue the Circulation. 1686 C. Allen Operator for Teeth v. 29 Sometimes there will be..an affluence of blood from the Teeth into the Gums. 1711 J. Addison in Spectator 13 Dec. 2/1 Conveying into it [sc. the mouth] a perpetual Affluence of animal Spirits. 1760 R. Symmer in Philos. Trans. 1759 (Royal Soc.) 51 380 The effluence and affluence of electrical matter. 1857 Jrnl. Franklin Inst. Jan. 18 The influence of the enclosure of the mere, on the affluence of the water to these sluices. 1920 Med. Rev. of Reviews 26 191 Checking by the greater affluence of blood to the diseased parts the evolution of the infecting microbes. 2003 V. Cappelletti in R. Dottori Legitimacy of Truth iv. 200 The action of the soul would supposedly be involved in the affluence of spirits to the muscles. Compounds affluence test n. originally U.S. a means test designed to reduce or eliminate the entitlement of more affluent claimants to a publicly funded benefit, esp. one that was previously awarded regardless of personal wealth or income. ΚΠ 1993 P. G. Peterson Facing Up Introd. 35 My plan includes a steeply progressive ‘affluence test’ that uses a sliding scale to withhold entitlement benefits from families with incomes above the U.S. median. 1998 Observer (Nexis) 11 Jan. (News section) 1 Ms Harman told the Observer that the Government's welfare reforms would..be based..on an affluence test, arguing it was legitimate for the affluent, including disabled people, to pay for some of their benefits. 2005 R. Holzmann et al. Old-age Income Support in 21st Cent. vi. 97 A basic pension for the elderly is provided based on a means test (which may take the form of an affluence test). affluence testing n. originally U.S. the use of affluence tests. ΚΠ 1993 P. S. Hewitt in Retirement Income Security (U.S. Congr. House Comm. Ways & Means) 116 Enormous savings are possible through affluence testing. 1998 Scotsman 28 July 15 [He] may go for taxing child benefits. The Chancellor..is known to favour ‘affluence testing’—taxing or removing benefits for people on high incomes. 2011 Houston Chron. (Nexis) 22 Mar. b10 The commission would reduce Medicare and Medicaid payments to doctors and suggests ‘affluence testing’ could reduce expenditures. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1390
随便看	get the boot get the business get the catch get the chop or chopper get the chopper get the crappy end of the stick get the day get the draw on a person get the drift get the drop on get the duke get the dunt get the edge on get the etc end of the stick get the feel of get the full treatment get the gate get the glaik(s get the goods on get the grand bounce get the hang of get the hare's foot to lick get the heck out of dodge get the heels of get the hell out