| 释义 |
Cumberland|ˈkʌmbəlænd|
1. The name of the English county (now part of Cumbria) used attrib. to designate a piquant sauce served esp. with cold meat.
1878‘Short’ Dinners at Home 146 Cumberland Sauce for Game (Cold)... Cumberland Sauce (Hot). 1922F. Hamilton P.J. i. 22 We shall be able to offer you a tolerably good supper, and I will not forget your favourite Cumberland sauce. 1959House & Garden Dec.-Jan. 36/2 Cold spiced beef, ham, chicken or turkey, accompanied by..Cumberland sauce.
2. Used to designate the manner of cutting up a pig's carcase in which the ham is cut away and cured separately. ? Obs.
1905W. H. Simmonds Practical Grocer III. 103 It pays to sell the ham separately and convert the rest of the side into ‘Cumberland cut’ bacon or ‘Irish rolls’. 1907Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 20/2 Hams... Cumberland.
Add:[1.] b. Cumberland sausage, a kind of coarse-cut pork sausage traditionally made in Cumberland and often sold in a continuous piece from which sections may be cut.
[1949F. Gerrard Bk. of Meat Trade I. xvi. 290 The coarse cut sausage of Cumberland..compared with the finer cut sausage of London and the South of England generally.] 1966Meat Trades Jrnl. 7 Apr. 3/1 ‘Mr S., Pork Butcher and Cumberland Sausage Maker, near the Co-Op, New Brighton, Wallasey, Cheshire’..was the address on a letter delivered to Elston's..last week. 1976Cumberland & Westmorland Herald 4 Dec. 14/6 (Advt.), Cumberland sausage (loose) only 32p per lb. 1980D. St. J. Thomas Breakfast Bk. v. 40 Georgette had one of the tastiest cheese omelettes of all time, along with a slice of my substantial Cumberland sausage.
3. Designating or characteristic of a catch-hold style of wrestling developed in the north of England. Also Cumberland and Westmorland (style, etc.).
1823W. Litt Wrestliana 32 We trust a due consideration will materially reduce the strength of the objections so warmly urged against our Cumberland mode of wrestling. Ibid. 34 If the trial be made, many of the Cumberland and Westmorland Wrestlers will find them sufficient work in their own way. 1889W. Armstrong in W. H. Pollock et al. Fencing, Boxing & Wrestling 204 The variation of falls, and of manœuvres leading up to them are even more endless than in the Cumberland and Westmoreland style. Ibid. 205 The hands are not obliged to remain locked, as in the Cumberland style. 1934[see all-in a. (phr.) 2]. 1968G. Kent Pict. Hist. Wrestling v. 121 (caption) Dinnie's ‘Scottish’ style of wrestling was out of favour by the time he died in 1916, and Cumberland gained ground again. Here a Cumberland swing is performed in front of the Royal Enclosure..Braemar..(1955). 1983P. Bills Wrestling 14 In Cumberland and Westmorland, a wrestler is considered the loser if any part of his body except his feet touches the canvas.
Sense 2 in Dict. becomes 3. Add: 2. Used attrib. and absol. to designate a lop-eared pork and bacon pig of a breed now extinct.
1811R. Henderson Breeding Swine i. i. 14 The Berkshire pig..generally of a brown, or rather reddish colour..; the ears bending forward, but not hanging down so much as those of the large Cumberland kind. 1860S. Sidney Youatt's Pig (ed. 2) i. ii. 17 At the Carlisle show of the Royal Agricultural Society, the Cumberland pigs shown in the large classes were roach-backed brutes. Ibid. 21 The small Cumberland is a great deal larger than the small Yorkshire. 1861I. M. Beeton Bk. Household Managem. 365 Varieties of the Domesticated Hog... Native—Berkshire, Essex, York, and Cumberland. 1949J. E. Nichols in F. Gerrard Bk. Meat Trade I. ii. 31 The Cumberland breed is..all white in colour, and compared with the Large White is shorter, wider and more thickly fleshed. 1985Times 5 Dec. 14/5 At least 20 breeds of farm animal have become extinct this century. They include..the Cumberland pig,..as recently as 1963. 1989Hall & Clutton-Brock Two Hundred Yrs. Brit. Farm Livestock xvii. 221 It is at least possible that the genetic make-up of this breed includes contributions from the Lincolnshire Curly Coat, the Cumberland, and the forerunners of the Large White. |