| 释义 |
▪ I. crape, n.|kreɪp|
(In 7 crespe.)
[An anglicized spelling of mod.F. crêpe, in 16th c. crespe (= tissu crespe), n. use of crespe adj. crisp, crisped, minutely curled or frizzled.]
1. a. A thin transparent gauze-like fabric, plain woven, without any twill, of highly twisted raw silk or other staple, and mechanically embossed, so as to have a crisped or minutely wrinkled surface. The name originally comprised fine worsted fabrics (see b.); but it is now chiefly limited to a black silk (or imitation silk) fabric much used for ladies' mourning dresses, and for funereal trimming and draping.
Sometimes specifically called English crape (crêpe anglais). For similar fabrics of other colours or material the French form crêpe (which has retained the wider meaning of the word) is now used by preference, though the English form also occurs with qualifications, as in Canton crape or China crape = crêpe de Chine, † crape-lesse = crêpe lisse, a kind of crape without any wrinkling or ‘figure’; see also crape-cloth below. The ‘crape’ for which Norwich was formerly famous, was a plain cloth of silk warp and worsted weft, which afterwards degenerated into bombazine: see the latter word (quots. 1789–1831).
1633J. Done Hist. Septuagint 179 Tunicks of Crespe. 1685Lond. Gaz. No. 2001/5, 2 Pieces of Stript Silk Norwich Crape, and two Pieces of mixt Norwich Silk Crape not Stript. 1687Settle Refl. Dryden 59 White crape or any other sort of white dress. 1702Order in Council 8 Mar. in Lond. Gaz. No. 3791/4 It will be allowed as full and proper Mourning, to wear Hatbands of Black English Alamode covered with Black Crape. 1721Swift Epil. to Play Wks. 1755 III. ii. 182 Proud Roxana, fir'd with jealous rage, With fifty yards of crape shall sweep the stage. 1727[see craped]. 1820Scott Monast. xvii, He could discern the outline of the bush, as through a veil of fine crape. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade s.v. Crape, Aerophanes, crape-lesse, and gauze are either white or coloured. 1882M. E. Braddon Mt. Royal II. iv. 82 That's the kind of way widows talk in their first edition of crape and caps.
plural.1709Steele Tatler No. 76 ⁋1 His Wenches are in plain Pinners and Norwich Crapes.
b. In the 18th c., ‘a sort of thin worsted stuff, of which the dress of the clergy is sometimes made’ (Bailey 1755); hence, sometimes put for those who are dressed in ‘crape’, the clergy, a clergyman; see also crape-gown, -man, etc. in 3 b.
1682[see crape-gown in 3 b].
1699Garth Dispens. i. (1730) 144 Avoid th' Inclemencies of Morning Air, And leave to tatter'd Crape the Drudgery of Pray'r. 1733Pope Ep. Cobham 136 A Saint in crape is twice a Saint in lawn, A Judge is just, a Chanc'llor juster still. 1754G. Colman in Connoisseur No. 1, Jan., Those tattered crapes said to ply here for occasional burials or sermons. 1755Johnson, Crape, a thin stuff, loosely woven, of which the dress of the clergy is sometimes made. 1798Wolcott (P. Pindar) Tales of Hoy Wks. 1812 IV. 387 A Curate in his tatter'd crape.
2. a. A band of crape worn round a hat, etc., in token of mourning. b. A piece of crape drawn over the face as a disguise.
1763Brit. Mag. IV. 547 That hat..To set it off, a mourning crape must deck. 1784Cowper Task iii. 802 Crape and cocked pistol, and the whistling ball Sent through the traveller's temples. 1813Examiner 8 Feb. 84/2 He [a highwayman] pulled down a crape over his face. 1848Thackeray Van. Fair xli, A white hat with a crape round it.
3. attrib. and Comb.
a. attrib. (or adj.) Of crape; connected with crape.
1711Addison Spect. No. 64 ⁋2 His Crape Hatband. 1833Marryat P. Simple xli, My father seized his hat..tore off the crape weepers and..threw them on the floor. 1835Ure Philos. Manuf. 255 To take up the crape trade in earnest. 1882M. E. Braddon Mt. Royal II. vii. 136 The folds of her white crape fichu.
b. Comb., as crape-dresser, crape-dyer, crape-scourer, crape-wreath; crape-like, crape-shrouded adjs.; crape-cloth, a woollen material to which a crape-like appearance is given, used for mourning; crape-faced a., having the face covered with a piece of crape for disguise; crape-fern, a New Zealand fern, Leptopteris superba; † crape-gown, a gown of crape, formerly worn by English clergymen (see 1 b); hence † crape-gown-man, † crape-man, a clergyman; crape hair, artificial hair used by actors for false beards, moustaches, etc.; crape-hanger U.S., (formerly) a person who hung up crape as a sign of mourning; hence U.S. slang, a kill-joy; a pessimistic person; cf. crêpe-hanger; crape-myrtle, a Chinese shrub, Lagerstrœmia indica, with bright rose-coloured petals of crumpled appearance, cultivated in greenhouses in England, and in gardens in Southern U.S; crape ring, the innermost and faintest of the three ‘rings’ (ring n.1 8 b) of Saturn.
1837Whitlock Bk. Trades (1842) 490 *Crape-dresser. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, Crape and Feather Dresser, one who crimps and curls those articles, and re-stiffens crape with gum water.
Ibid., *Crape-Dyer, a tradesman who re⁓dresses and improves black crape.
1815Milman Fazio (1821) 15 Robbers, black *crape-faced robbers.
1882G. M. Thomson Ferns N.Z. 94 Todea superba, Colenso. (*Crape-fern.) 1889G. Nicholson Illustr. Dict. Gardening IV. 50/1 Todea... Crape Fern... A genus comprising about five species of greenhouse Ferns, almost confined to the South temperate zone. 1944Whitcombe & Tombs Mod. Jun. Dict. (ed. 7) 101 Crape-fern, a popular name for a beautiful fern which grows only in New Zealand; also called ‘Prince of Wales's feathers’. 1951M. Crookes Dobbie's N.Z. Ferns (ed. 4) 20 L[eptopteris] superba (superb). ‘Heru-heru’. The most beautiful fern in New Zealand; sometimes called ‘Prince of Wales Feathers’, or ‘Crape Fern’.
1682(title), Speculum *Crape-Gownorum, Or, a Looking-glass for the young Academicks. 1706Hearne Collect. (1885) I. 309 A new Pudding-sleeve Crape Gown.
1682‘Philanax Misopappas’ Tory Plot, 2nd Pt. 3 High-flown *Crape-Gown-men, that thunder briskly against the Dissenters.
1866W. Davidge Footlight Flashes xviii. 240 Engaged in the manufacture of a huge black beard... ‘Mary, give me the scissors, and some more *crape hair.’ 1885J. K. Jerome On Stage i. 4 Crape hair and the rouge pot changed all this. 1966J. S. Cox Dict. Hairdressing 41/2 Crape hair.
1920H. C. Witwer Leather Pushers 294 Good Lord, I was never surrounded by so many *crape hangers in my life! 1925G. P. Krapp Eng. Lang. in Amer. I. 117 Who will know a generation hence..that a crape-hanger is a reformer? 1945S. Lewis Cass Timberlane (1946) xxxvi. 259 Look at those old crape-hangers, Father Cass and Uncle Bradd.
1881J. E. H. Thomson Upland Tarn 55 The dank and *crape-like moss. 1887H. T. Wood Illustr. Books 51 A multitude of tiny crape-like markings or folds.
1826Scott Woodst. i, The lazy *crapemen of Oxford, bouncing priests, whose eyes were so closed up with fat.
1850B. Taylor Eldorado i. (1862) 6 Orange trees, acacias, and the pink blossoms of the *crape myrtle. 1881Cable Mad. Delphine ix. 48 This side door⁓way..was overarched..by a crape-myrtle.
[1850W. Lassell in Monthly Not. R. Astron. Soc. 13 Dec. 21 It appeared as if something like a crape veil covered a part of the sky within the inner ring. 1851― Ibid. 14 Nov. 11 The ring, which I have usually called the ‘crape veil’.] 1865Brande & Cox Dict. Sci. I. 583/1 *Crape Ring. 1928W. M. Smart Sun, Stars & Universe vii. 130 In 1850 Bond and Dawes independently discovered a faint extension of Ring B towards the ball of the planet, known from its dusky appearance as the Crape Ring. 1957Encycl. Brit. XX. 8/2 Saturn itself can be distinctly seen through the Crape ring.
1725Lond. Gaz. No. 6385/4 Andrew Gayney..*Crape-Scowerer.
1882M. E. Braddon Mt. Royal II. vii. 136 The heavy *crape-shrouded gown which marked the first period of her mourning.
1853Kane Grinnell Exp. xxix. (1856) 240 Great clouds of dark vapor are seen to the southward to-day, the *crape-wreaths of our first imprisonment.
▪ II. † crape, v.1 Obs.
[a. F. crêper:—OF. cresper = Pr. crespar, It. crispare:—L. crispāre to curl, crisp, crimp, f. crispus: see crisp a.]
trans. To make (the hair) wavy and curly; to crimp, to frizzle.
1786F. Burney Diary 29 July, The hour..for curling and craping the hair. 1789Mrs. Piozzi Journ. France I. 185 Here is..no craping or frizzing the hair. 1822W. Irving Braceb. Hall (1845) 18 Hair craped and powdered.
▪ III. crape, v.2|kreɪp|
[f. crape n.]
trans. To cover, clothe, or drape with crape. to crape it (colloq.): to wear crape in mourning. Also transf.
1815Hist. J. Decastro IV. 38 Six or seven men with their faces blacked or craped ran..and intercepted my retreat. 1868Dilke Greater Brit. II. 147 The moon was still craped with a ceaseless roll of cloud. 1891Macrae G. Gilfillan 128 note, I crapit it neen when my man deed, I wis gled to be rid o' him.
▪ IV. crape
obs. pa. tense of creep. |