| 释义 |
Spain|speɪn|
Forms: α. 3–7 Spaine, Spayne, 4 Spaigne, 5 Speyne, 6 Espayne, 6– Spain; 5–6 Sc. Spane. β. Sc. 5 Spanȝhe, 5–6 Spanȝe, 6 -ȝie, Spaneȝe, Spangyie, 9 Spainyie; 5–6 Spenȝe, 6 -ȝee, -ȝie, Speinȝie, 9 Spengyie.
[ad. AF. Espayne, Espaigne (mod.F. Espagne, = Sp. España, Pg. Hespanha, It. Spagna):—late L. Spānia (Gr. σπανία) for earlier Hispānia (Ispānia).
The usual form in OE. is Ispania, but in the dat. plur. the aphetic forms Spenum and Spaneum occur. The dropping of the initial vowel of OF. Espaigne is in accordance with English usage: cf. MDu. Spaengen, -gien (Du. Spanje), MHG. Spanje, Spangen- (G. Spanien), ON. Spánn (and Spánland). The later Sc. forms show the usual change of nȝ into ngy or ng.]
1. The country which together with Portugal occupies the south-western peninsula of Europe.
αc1205Lay. 1394 Heo ferden from Spaine riht toward Brutaine. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 3915 Þer nas bituene Þis & spayne no prince..Þat nas at þis rounde table. c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 1482 Whan þeyr fflote..Turnede fro þe lond of Spaigne. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) I. 299 But þere beeþ tweye Spaynes; þe hyder..Þe ȝonder Spayne. 1436Libel Eng. Policy 99 The wolle of Spayne hit cometh not to preffe, But if it be..menged welle Amonges Englysshe wolle. 1486Bk. St. Albans, Hawking b vi b, Take Oyle of spayne and tempere it with clere wyne. 1501Douglas Pal. Hon. ii. xxxv, Now in the realme of Trace, and now in Spane. 1547Boorde Introd. Knowl. xxx. (1870) 198 Spayne is a very poore countrey. 1550J. Coke Eng. & Fr. Heralds §208 Commodities of Espayne and not of Fraunce. 1605Camden Rem. (1623) 2 Asia serueth thee with silke and purple,..Spaine with Gold, and Germanie with Siluer. 1706Stevens Sp. & Eng. Dict. Pref., The long continuance of the Moors in Spain. 1838Prescott Ferd. & Isabella i. ii. (1854) I. 93 The combined forces of France and Spain.
β1375Barbour Bruce iii. 688 The.. strait off Marrok in-to Spanȝe. c1425Wyntoun Cron. iii. ix. 1050 Wiþe-in þe kynrik of Spanȝhe hail. 1561Reg. Privy Council Scot. I. 177 All writtin in the language of Spangyie.
b. New Spain, the region including Mexico and Central America. Now Hist.
1719W. Wood Surv. Trade 281 The Assiento Contract has excluded..Great Britain from Trading to New Spain. 1777Robertson Hist. Amer. iii. (1851) I. 231 Grijalva..called it New Spain, the name which still distinguishes this extensive and opulent province of the Spanish empire in America. 1843Prescott Mexico vii ii. (1850) III. 215 Vera Cruz..has remained ever since the great commercial capital of New Spain. a1845Encycl. Metrop. XIII. 716/2 Of these disturbances, that of New Spain seemed to threaten the worst consequences.
c. the Spains, Spain in Europe and New Spain in America.
1847De Quincey Sp. Mil. Nun Wks. 1862 III. 64 The King of the Spains and the Indies.
d. fig. A quantity such as Spain can produce.
1866Howells Venetian Life xvii. 256 Whole Hollands of cabbage, and Spains of onions.
2. attrib. in Sc. use: = Spanish a.
Also ellipt. Spainyie, Spengyie, Spanish cane.
1494Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. I. 250 A wall of Spenȝe erne. 1502Ibid. II. 270 For vj waw of Spanȝe irne to the werk in Halyrudhous. a1520Dunbar Poems lv. 30 Quhill that thai gatt the Spanȝie pockis. 1546Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. IX. 42 Tua ellis and ane half Spanȝe freis. 1550Ibid. 399 Thre fyne Spanȝe skynnis. 1565in Hay Fleming Reform. Scotl. (1910) 611 Twa breistis of Spenȝee cattis and twa mantillingis of Spenȝie cattis. a1585Montgomerie Flyting 314 The feavers, the fearcie, with the speinȝie flees. 1825Jamieson Suppl., Spainyie Flees,..cantharides. |