| 释义 |
radiator|ˈreɪdɪeɪtə(r)|
[agent-n. in L. form from radiate v.]
1. a. One who or that which radiates; esp. anything which radiates light, heat or sound waves.
1836Brande Chem. (ed. 4) 516 The polished metals are very imperfect radiators and receivers of heat. 1858Lardner Hand-bk. Nat. Phil., Hydrost., etc. 373 The power of thermal rays..is augmented by raising the temperature of the radiator. 1879Proctor Pleas. Ways Sc. xvi. 364 Glass..is a good radiator, so that dew is freely deposited on glass objects. 1927Physics Abstr. A. XXX. 415 (heading) Performance and design of sound radiator consisting of an acoustic transformer and horn. 1936P. M. Morse Vibration & Sound vii. 240 Few radiators of sound are so much longer than they are wide that they behave like long cylinders, but many radiators behave like spherical sources. 1962A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio iii. 60 'Cellos and basses differ from violins and violas in that they are much more efficient as radiators in the lower register. 1977G. Porges Appl. Acoustics xii. 140 A dipole is a less efficient radiator of sound than a monopole, and a quadrupole is even less efficient.
b. A small chamber or compartment heated by means of steam or hot air, and radiating warmth into a room or other place. Now usu. a tank or compact array of pipes, having a large surface area, which is heated usu. by circulating hot water and gives off warmth also by convection. Also applied to various kinds of electric space heater.
1851C. Cist Cincinnati 213 The introduction of evaporatory radiators and registers. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1853/1. 1891 W. P. Buchan Ventilation xv. 166 The so-called steam or hot-water ‘radiators’ heat principally by conduction, as may be easily proved by suspending one thermometer, say, a foot high right above the ‘radiator’ and another right in front of it and six inches from it. 1899Daily News 3 June 8/7 In cold weather some form of ‘radiator’ should always be used by those who can afford it. a1910‘Mark Twain’ Europe & Elsewhere (1923) 178 The German stove.. is lovely,..compared with any ‘radiator’ that has yet been intruded upon the world. 1959N. Mailer Advts. for Myself (1961) 153 She has shut the window and neglected to turn off the radiator. The room is stifling. 1966N. Chapman Heating 37 A storage radiator..provides the most comfortable conditions in a room early in the morning because the air is warmer from the heat given off during the charging period. 1975R. H. Waring All about Home Heating ii. 14 Modern radiators are usually either of panel type or radiant panel, of relatively slim construction and with inlet and outlet connection at the bottom on each end. Panel radiators have a ribbed surface. Radiant panel radiators consist of a radiator tube attached to the back of a metal sheet..or sandwiched between two metal sheets for complete enclosure.
c. Part of the cooling system of a liquid-cooled internal-combustion engine, consisting of a large bank of thin tubes in which the circulating fluid (freq. water) is cooled by the surrounding air after passing round the engine.
1900Sci. Amer. Suppl. 25 Aug. 20617/3 The present water circulating plan..has..the defect of complicating the mechanism by the addition of tanks, radiators and pumps, causing multiplied trouble. 1905Daily Chron. 6 July 5/2 Lancia had negotiated half of the round when his radiator suddenly burst, and left him stranded. 1932Kipling Limits & Renewals 80 Private Gillock..was stage-whispering me for leave to ‘put a shot into his radiator’. 1935C. G. Burge Compl. Bk. Aviation 271/2 In a single-engined aircraft the radiator may be mounted below the fuselage. 1970K. Ball Fiat 600, 600D Autobook iv. 40/2 Maintenance of the cooling system is confined to periodical flushing of the radiator, refilling with antifreeze solutions for cold weather or clean water for warm, [etc.].
d. An aerial for transmitting (and often also receiving) radio waves.
1903Sci. Amer. Suppl. 4 July 23000/3 The ‘aerial’, or radiator; that was, the tall wire which..sent electric waves off into the ether. 1947D. G. Fink Radar Engin. v. 303 The radiator forms the radiated beam and presents the absorption area for reception of the echoes. 1952E. A. Laport Radio Antenna Engin. ii. 94 The type of radiator that is generally used for medium-frequency broadcasting is the straight uniform vertical with its lower end near ground. 1973W. E. Kock Radar, Sonar, & Holography ii. 42 In radars and sonars, this ability to steer the beam electrically, that is, without moving the radiator, permits much larger arrays to be used.
2. attrib. and Comb. (chiefly sense 1 c), as radiator cap, radiator fluid, radiator grill(e.
1913Collier's 11 Jan. ii. 9/1 If it has a new radiator cap or a new form of rear spring suspension..it is immediately surrounded by a crowd of motor sharps. 1948M. Laski Tory Heaven ix. 130 James managed to undo the radiator cap and poured the water in. 1979Arizona Daily Star 5 Aug. c 5/3 (Advt.), Includes pressure-checks of radiator cap, hoses and fittings for leaks.
1972D. E. Westlake Bank Shot ii. 16 Glass was broken, chrome was bent, and..radiator fluid was making a green puddle on the blacktop.
1938Decorative Art 53/2 The floral designs over the book⁓cases and the radiator grille are hand-painted on wood. 1959Motor 4 Mar. 168/1 Wider than hitherto, the radiator grille is flanked by combined sidelamps and turn-signal flashers. 1973D. Miller Chinese Jade Affair xxi. 212 Potter was still in the Mini... I kicked the radiator grill in passing.
▸ radiator muff n. Motoring a protective cover fitted to a car radiator to reduce the risk of overcooling.
1923Times 8 Jan. 2/7 (advt.) The many extras fitted include luggage grid, Lucas dimmer,..*radiator muffs, private lock &c. 1993–4Egon Ronay Recommends Winter 31/1, I do like the look of the snow chains offered as a winter motoring ‘must’ for my car. The clip-on radiator muff seems useful besides, not to mention the winch for hauling out of snowdrifts. |